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专题 06 据复现信息解疑难问题
词汇复现法是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手法，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进
行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)
义词复现、反义词复现等。学生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相
近或相反的词。
技巧(一) 原词复现法
原词复现指一个句子中的关键词(常为动词、名词、形容词)会反复出现在文中的其他句子中。这些词
会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如：“looks”与“looking” “looked”；“go”与
“going” “went”等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词汇。
因此，要学会寻找设空处上下句中的相同关键词。
【典例1】 (2022·全国甲卷)
Hands or Utensils (餐具)
In India and the Middle East, it's considered
very rude to eat with your left hand. People in
解析 空前一句提到法国人希望你每只手拿
France expect you to eat with a utensil in each
着一个餐具吃饭(People in France expect you
hand. __38__， instead preferring to use their
to eat with a utensil in each hand.)，空后说
hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food
“更喜欢用手(instead preferring to use their
with your fingers. People in Thailand generally
hands)”，也就是不用“餐具”。故 C项(墨
use their forks only to push food onto their
西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的)符合语
spoons.
境。这里utensils一词为原词复现。
A．The more friends you make in your lifetime
自主解答 __C__
B．The more time you spend in any given
country
C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat
with utensils
【典例2】 (2022·全国乙卷)
解析 空前一句提到“确保你已经和你的朋
·More isn't always merrier
友沟通过了，了解你们想要相互联系的频
Make sure you have communicated with your
率，以及哪种方法对你们双方都最有效”，
friend about how frequently each of you wants
再根据空后介绍的具体的交流方式可推出本
to be contacted and what method works best for
空讲的是“朋友需要讨论各自喜欢的交流方
you both.__37__ ． There are alternatives to
式”。E 项中的 methods 与空前一句中的
constant written communication, such as
method 为 原 词 复 现 ， 同 时 E 项 中 的
leaving voice messages or having a group chat.
communication 与 空 前 一 句 中 的
D．Try to find a time that works for both of you
communicated相呼应。
and stick to it
自主解答 __E__
E．Friends need to talk about their preferredmethods of communication
F．It is easy to have a sense of connectedness
through social media
技巧(二) 代词复现法
代词复现指为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件，如：it
指代单数名词、不可数名词或句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词，还有反身代词、指示代词、
关系代词等。
【典例】 (2022·全国甲卷)
Making Requests
__39__．In Portugal, this would be a serious
mistake, because it shows the chef that you don't 解析 根据段落小标题 Making Requests可
like their seasoning skills.Similarly, in Italy, 知，本段主要介绍的是在用餐时提出请求。
never ask for extra cheese to add to your food. 设空处也应与此相关。G 项中的 a simple
E.It's a good sign for the chef if you make a request是空后一句中的this指代的内容，代
mess around your plate 词复现是一个很好的解题信号。
F.Never stick them upright in your food or cross 自主解答 __G__
them as you use them
G.It may seem like a simple request to ask for
salt and pepper at a meal
技巧(三) 派生词复现信息
派生词是由词根加词缀构成的词，在句中寻找这类词的复现是解题的一个快捷方法。
【典例】 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
You and your partner will probably have
different skills.__40__ Over time, both of you
解析 空前一句提到你和你的同伴可能会有
will benefit — your partner will be able to lift
不同的技能，空后一句提到随着时间的推
more weights and you will become more
移，你们两个都会受益，由此可以推断，F
physically fit.The core ( 核 心 ) of your
项(接受你们的不同，学会彼此合作)承上启
relationship is that you will always be there to
help each other. 下 ， 符 合 语 境 。 F 项 中 的 accept your
C.You'll work harder if you train with someone differences 对 应 空 前 一 句 中 的 different
else. skills，其中different的派生词difference也是
D.Do you want to be a better athlete in your 一个很好的解题信息。
favorite sport？ 自主解答 __F__
E.How can you write a good “seeking a training
partner” notice？
F.Just accept your differences and learn to workwith each other.
G.Any notice for a training partner should
include such information.
技巧(四) 同义词/近义词复现信息
同义词/近义词复现是指设空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义
词/近义词在正确选项中出现。
【典例】 (2021·1月浙江高考)
If there are three lines in the store，delays will
happen randomly at different registers.Think
about the probability：__33__So it's not just in
解析 空前的probability与D项中的chances
your mind: Another line probably is moving
相对应，同时D项与空后一句So it's not just
faster.
in your mind: Another line probably is moving
B.So why don't most places encourage
faster.相呼应，符合语境。
serpentine lines？
自主解答 __D__
C.Some of them may have stood in a queue for
almost an hour.
D.The chances of your line being the fastest are
only one in three.
技巧(五) 反义词复现信息
反义词复现是指上下文中有词义相反的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。
【典例】 (2021·全国甲卷)
·Invite 5 － 10 people so you have a nice
解析 本段主题句是需要召集5－10人组成
selection.__37__ ， and there may not be
衣物交换。下文表示“人数超过那个数字，
enough things to choose from; more than that,
活动将无法控制”，由此可知，设空处应与
and it becomes uncontrollable.
下文语义相反，应描述人数不够的情况。设
A． Less people than that
空处应与下文的more than that形成对比，应
B.Hold a clothing swap
用less than that，less与more互为反义词。
C.If two people are competing
自主解答 __A__
D.Just keep music playing throughout
E.Donate whatever clothes are left over
Test 1
You might be familiar with the experience of looking through your Facebook feed, only to feel like everyone
else's lives are better than yours.
__1__ That's one finding from a new study that proved some social media behaviors linked with the mental
health condition.
In the study, the researchers analyzed information from around 500 undergraduate students who actively usedsocial media and completed an online survey to examine certain social media behaviors.
The researchers found that people's reasons for using social media were not linked with depression. __2__ For
example, the study found that people with depression were more likely to compare themselves to others they
considered “better off than me”．
__3__ This may be related to the tendency of people with depression to isolate themselves, said Anthony
Robinson, a psychology student at Texas State University.
In any case, it's not good to compare yourself to others who seem “better off” than you, Robinson added.
“People tend to make themselves look better off than they really are on social media，” he said. “__4__ It's
important to recognize that.”
The researchers also stressed that their findings don't mean that social media use is necessarily a bad thing.
“I don't think it's always bad，” Howard said. “It can be bad, but it can also provide social support. __5__”
Eventually, Howard hopes that people should use technology better, rather than taking it away.
A．This is not someone's real life.
B．Social media is becoming increasingly popular.
C．It's necessary to compare yourself with others sometimes.
D．It can give people a way to be around people that are similar to them.
E．But how they were using social media was, indeed, linked to the condition.
F．But such behavior may be linked with a higher likelihood of having depression.
G．The study also found people with depression were less likely to post their photos.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项调查显示，社交媒体上的一些行为可能会导致我们抑郁。
1．F 下文指出，研究发现社交媒体上的一些行为会导致心理问题。故F项符合语境。
2．E 上文指出，社交媒体的使用原因并不会导致抑郁，这里则应该进一步说明导致抑郁的真正原因。
故E项符合语境。
3．G 下文解释说明这可能源于有些人喜欢孤独和独处，这正好解释了一些人不愿意在社交媒体上分
享个人照片的原因。故G项符合语境。
4．A 上文Robinson指出，很多人在社交媒体上的照片都经过美化，这恰好说明这并非他们的真实
生活。故A项符合语境。
5．D 前面Howard指出，社交媒体有弊有利，这里说明社交媒体的好处。故D项符合语境。
Test 2
(2022·福州市诊断性联考)No matter what your goals are in life, there is one great law that you need to obey
in order to be successful：No one else is going to provide the ladder (梯子) of success for you.__1__ From the day
you leave your parents' house, you are responsible for your life and the choices you make.
If you want a better life, you need to make better decisions.__2__ However, it doesn't change anything.Only
you can change your life by changing the choices you make.Take responsibility for everything in your life.Even if
it's not in your direct control, you can always choose how you respond.
__3__ If you choose what is fun and easy over what is necessary, you will never reach the levels of success
and happiness you are capable of achieving in your life.That's because every great victory requires great sacrifice.Ifsuccess were easy, everybody would be successful.
There is nothing that you can't achieve with hard work.People often think that their lives will suddenly change
through some magical event in the future.__4__ Your life changes only to the extent that you change.Nothing will
ever change if you don't change what you do daily.A great way to actively create your future is to ask yourself：If I
already achieved my goals, how would I act on a daily basis? What books would I read, how often would I work
out, and how would I spend my time at the office？__5__
A．But that is not the case.
B．No one else is responsible for your life.
C．Now these questions seem like magic to you.
D．Nothing else can be the drive for your success.
E．Once you answer these questions, you know what to do.
F．The biggest enemy to success is taking the path of least resistance.
G．You can blame other people for your lack of happiness all life long.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了成功需要遵循的法则和过上更好生活的一些注意事项。
1．B 根据本段第一句可知，本段讲到了成功需要遵循的法则，再结合空前的No one else ...可知，B
项与上一句句式结构一致，意义连贯，符合语境，且B项中的responsible也与下句中的responsible相呼应。
2．G 根据空后的However, it doesn't change anything.可以推断，此处讲到的内容应该是对改变不会产
生影响的事情，故G项(你可以一生都将你的不快乐归咎于他人)符合语境。
3．F 此处是本段的主旨句，根据空后内容可知，成功的道路从不简单，选择有趣和简单的道路而不
是必需的道路不会通向你原可以获得的成功和幸福，故 F项(成功的最大敌人是选择阻力最小的道路)符合
语境。
4．A 空前一句讲到了“人们常常认为他们的生活会因为未来的某个神奇事件而突然改变”，而空后
一句讲到了“你的生活只会随着你的改变而改变”，前后句意相反，因此，空处应表示转折，故 A项符合
语境。
5．E 空前是两个问句，因此设空处应该会总结以上问题，E项中的these questions指代前面的两个问
题，且句意与上文连贯，故E项符合语境。
