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考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day110

当前时间： 2026-08-08 21:53:28 分类：办公文件 评论(0)
考研英语真题长难句攻坚计划|Day110
考研
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考研

英语

长难句分析打卡
必胜

【长难句每日打卡】day 110

2005-1-ReadingPartA-T3-1-3

文章主题：《梦可以被控制》

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. 

词汇：

1.Freud 弗洛伊德<人名>

2.formulate v.精心制定、规划；系统地阐述、明确表达

3.revolutionary adj.革命性的；创新的、突破性的

4.disguise v.伪装、假扮；掩盖、隐藏

5.shadow n.影子、阴影

6.unconscious adj.无意识的

7.desire n.渴望、欲望

8.neurologist n.神经病学家

9.switch to v.切换到、转变成

10.mental adj.精神的、心理的

11.random adj. 随机的、任意的

12.byproduct n.副产品；附带产生的结果

13.neural adj.神经的、神经系统的

14.repair v.修复、修补、修理

15.go on v.继续、进行、发生

HELLO, GRADUATE STUDENT
句子分析

【Step 1】找谓语

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. 

·动词 formulated 时态：一般过去时

·动词 were  时态：一般过去时

·动词短语 had switched to 时态：过去完成时

·动词短语 goes on 时态：一般现在时

【Step 2】断句

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory [that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears]; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work [that goes on during sleep]. 

解析：本句是由分号连接的两个并列句，在并列句1中包含一个that引导的同位语从句；在并列句2中包含一个that引导的定语从句。

that引导的同位语从句：

his revolutionary theory [that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears]

判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.结构：从句完整。

that引导的同位语从句：

the neural-repair work [that goes on during sleep].

判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.结构：从句不完整<从句缺主语，即that指代the neural-repair work在从句中作谓语动词goes on的主语。

重点成分标注：

主语：在句首|谓语前

宾语：在动词|介词后

表语：在系动词后

主语：蓝色；谓语：红色；表语：绿色；宾语：紫色；宾补：深蓝

并列句1：

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory;
其中，
1.A century ago_时间状语【判断方法：1.位置：1）在句首：状语，完整句；2.在句尾：完整句状语；3.在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...】

并列句2：

by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work.
其中，
1.by the late 1970s_介宾结构时间状语【判断方法：1.位置：1）在句首：状语，完整句；2.在句尾：完整句状语；3.在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...】

2.the random byproducts of the neural-repair work_名词短语作同位语【判断方法：1.位置：在名词|代词后；2.“mental noise”=the random byproducts of the neural-repair work，即精神噪音就是神经修复工作的随机副产品】

that引导的同位语从句：

[that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears]
其中，
1.of our unconscious desires and fears_介宾结构作后置定语修饰名词shadows。 

that引导的同位语从句：

[that goes on during sleep].

其中，

1.during sleep_介宾结构作时间状语【判断方法：1.位置：1）在句首：状语，完整句；2.在句尾：完整句状语；3.在主谓之间：主语，状语，谓语...】

【Step 3】翻译

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory [that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears]; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work [that goes on during sleep]. 

并列句1：

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory [that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears]; 
翻译：一个世纪以前，弗洛伊德系统阐释了他的革命性理论，即梦是我们的无意识渴望和害怕所伪装的影子。
翻译解释：同位语从句单独成句，添加“即、那就是或者单破折号、冒号”等，表示是对前面内容的解释补充说明。

并列句2：

by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work [that goes on during sleep]. 
翻译：截至到二十世纪七十年代末，神经病学家转变成认为梦仅仅是“精神噪音”——即在睡觉过程中进行的神经修复工作的随机附属品。
翻译解释：
1.同位语the random byproducts of the neural-repair work依然采取同上的方法；
2.定语从句词数小于等于8个词采取前置译法，即译为“...的”；

【Step 4】整合译文

一个世纪以前，弗洛伊德系统阐释了他的革命性理论，即梦是我们的无意识渴望和害怕所伪装的影子；截至到二十世纪七十年代末，神经病学家转变成认为梦仅仅是“精神噪音”——即在睡觉过程中进行的神经修复工作的随机附属品。

【Step 5】润色译文

A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory [that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears]; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”—the random byproducts of the neural-repair work [that goes on during sleep]. 

一个世纪前，弗洛伊德创立了他的革命性理论——梦是人们无意识的欲望和恐惧所伪装的影子；到了二十世纪七十年代末，神经学家们转而认为梦仅仅是“精神噪音”——即睡眠期间持续进行的神经修复活动的随机副产品。

词汇整理
HELLO, GRADUATE STUDENT

1.Freud 弗洛伊德<人名>

2.formulate v.精心制定、规划；系统地阐述、明确表达

3.revolutionary adj.革命性的；创新的、突破性的

4.disguise v.伪装、假扮；掩盖、隐藏

5.shadow n.影子、阴影

6.unconscious adj.无意识的

7.desire n.渴望、欲望

8.neurologist n.神经病学家

9.switch to v.切换到、转变成

10.mental adj.精神的、心理的

11.random adj. 随机的、任意的

12.byproduct n.副产品；附带产生的结果

13.neural adj.神经的、神经系统的

14.repair v.修复、修补、修理

15.go on v.继续、进行、发生

HELLO, GRADUATE STUDENT
翻译表达积累

无

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