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微信：cs5311742016 主营各地名校期中期末真题卷及小初高全套教材教案讲义知识点总结
北京市十一学校 2022-2023 学年度第 5 学段直升初二年级
英语教与学诊断
2023.10
满分：100分 考试时间：90分钟
第一部分：听力理解（每题1分，共15分）
一 听下面4段短对话。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话读一遍。
.
1 What will the girl probably do this afternoon?
A. Do her homework. B. See a doctor. C. Take a class.
2.What does the boy think of his parents?
A. Considerate. B. Helpful. C. Strict.
3. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Do the dishes. B. Make some tea. C. Clean the cupboard.
4. What is the man doing?
A. Having a class. B. Having an interview. C. Having a meeting.
二 听下面2段长对话。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话读两遍。
听第5段对话，回答5-6小题。
5. When does the conversation probably take place?
A. In the evening. B. In the afternoon. C. In the morning.
6. What will the man probably do?
A. Get the tooth pulled out. B. Have a good sleep. C. Take some medicine.
听第6段对话，回答7-8小题。
7. How does the woman feel?
A. She feels sad. B. She feels anxious. C. She feels surprised.
8. Why did the woman quarrel with Diana?
A. Diana lied to her. B. Diana was too mean. C. They didn’t agree on a thing.
听第7段对话，回答9-11小题。
9. What does the man lack?
A. Monẹy. B. Writing skills. C. Life experience.
10. When will the man work in the restaurant?
A. On Friday evening. B. On Sunday morning. C. On Sunday morning.
11. What do we know about the man?
A. He used to live abroad. B. He is independent. C. He likes to work in a restaurant.
三、听下面一段独白，完成第12至15题，每小题仅填写一个词。这段独白你将听两遍。
Volunteering Opportunities for Teens
·get involved directly with animal care;
Volunteering at an Animal Shelter ·help out with the management;
·take part in fundraising events and 12
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·teach visitors to use the computers;
Library Opportunities · 13 books;
·give younger library users some help.
·visit a（n） 14 person;
Taking Care of Individuals Closer to Home ·shovel snow from their driveway;
·bring them food supplies.
·be a fantastic role 15
Coaching Youth Sports
·inspire young children.
第二部分：词汇知识（共20分）
四、英英匹配。（每题0.5分，共5分）
请给下列句子中划线部分的表达匹配正确英文释义。
Group 1
___1___. In a minute he had squeezed
through the fence.
A. to refuse to accept sth. and try to stop it from
___2___. A look of complete
happening
bewilderment came over Mrs
Zukerman’s face. B. the feeling of being completely confused
___3___. What’s miraculous about a C. to force... into or through a small space
spider’s web?
D. a secret plan by a group of people to do sth.
___4___. Pigs always resist when harmful or illegal
they are being loaded.
E. surprising and unexpected
___5___. There’s a regular conspiracy
around here to kill you at Christmas.
Group 2
___6___. The goose knew a day in
advance that they were coming.
___7___. “Well,” replied Charlotte, A. to call out names one by one
“you must try to build yourself up”.
B. ahead of time
___8___. “I shall begin by calling the
C. to cheer sb. up
roll, Wilbur?”
D. to wake up
___9___. But he sneaked away to the
dump and was back with a strip of E. to quietly go somewhere without being
cotton cloth. noticed
______10______. Wilbur, feeling the
cold water, came to.
【答案】1. C 2. B 3. E 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. E 10. D
【解析】
【1题详解】
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句意：不一会儿他就挤过了栅栏。squeezed“挤过”，选项C“强迫……进入或穿过一个小空间”与之相符。
故选C。
【2题详解】
句意：祖克曼太太脸上露出一副困惑的表情。bewilderment“困惑”，选项B“完全困惑的感觉”与之相符。
故选B。
【3题详解】
句意：蜘蛛网有什么神奇之处？miraculous“神奇的，不可思议的”，选项E“出乎意料”与之相符。故选
E。
【4题详解】
句意：猪被装载时总是抗拒。resist“抵抗，抗拒”，选项A“拒绝接受某事并试图阻止它发生”与之相符。
故选A。
【5题详解】
句意：这里经常有人密谋在圣诞节杀死你。conspiracy“阴谋”，选项D“一群人做有害或非法的事情的秘密
计划”与之相符。故选D。
【6题详解】
句意：鹅提前一天就知道他们要来了。in advance“提前”，选项B“领先，提前”与之相符。故选B。
【
7题详解】
句意：“好吧，”夏绿蒂回答，“你必须努力提升自己”。build yourself up“提升自己”，选项C“使某人
振奋”与之相符。故选C。
【8题详解】
句意：“我先点名，威尔伯？”calling the roll“点名”，选项A“一个接一个地叫名字”与之相符。故选
A。
【9题详解】
句意：但他偷偷溜到垃圾场，带着一条棉布回来了。sneaked away to“偷偷溜到”，选项E“悄悄地去某个地
方而不被人注意”与之相符。故选E。
【10题详解】
句意：威尔伯感觉到了冷水，苏醒过来。came to“苏醒，醒来”，选项D“醒来”与之相符。故选D。
五、选词填空。（每题1分，共7分）
请用所给词的正确形式填空，注意词形变化。
matter sign typical strategy flee mark store
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11. The thief ________ the scene of the crime before the police arrived.
12. I like to ________ my photographs digitally to ensure they are safe from damage.
13. The chess champion used a creative ________ to defeat his opponent.
14. When it comes to choosing a career, it ________ to consider your skills and interests.
15. The company’s latest product release was not ________ of their usual quality standards.
16. While the players were practicing on the field, the coach was ________ their performance with a pen.
17. The detective noticed some ________ indicating there might be more than one suspect involved in the crime.
【答案】11. had fled
12. store 13. strategy
14. matters
15. typical
16. marking
17. signs
【解析】
【11题详解】
句意：在警察到达之前，小偷已经逃离了犯罪现场。根据“The thief...the scene of the crime before the police
arrived”可知，小偷是在警察到达犯罪现场之前就已经逃离了，结合备选词flee“逃跑”符合语境。由于“逃
跑”这个动作发生在arrived“到达”之前，即发生在过去的过去，故应用过去完成时，即had done的结构。
故填had fled。
【12题详解】
句意：我喜欢用数码方式存储照片，以确保它们不受损坏。根据“my photographs digitally to ensure they are
safe from damage”可知，是用数码方式存储照片，结合备选词store“存储”符合语境。根据“I like to”可知，
like to do sth.“喜欢做某事”，故此处应用动词原形。故填store。
【13题详解】
句意：这位国际象棋冠军用一种创造性的策略打败了对手。根据“The chess champion used a creative...to
defeat his opponent”可知，空格处应用名词，结合备选词可知，这位国际象棋冠军用一种创造性的策略打败
了对手，strategy“策略”符合语境，由a可知，此处应用名词单数。故填strategy。
【14题详解】
句意：在选择职业时，考虑你的技能和兴趣很重要。根据“When it comes to choosing a career, it...to
consider your skills and interests”可知，在选择职业时，考虑技能和兴趣是很重要的，空格处应用谓语动词，
结合备选词可知，matter“要紧”符合语境。结合语境和“comes”可知，句子为一般现在时，主语it为三单，
故谓语动词应用三单形式。故填matters。
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【15题详解】
句意：该公司最新发布的产品不符合他们通常的质量标准。根据“...was not...of their usual quality standards”
并结合备选词可知，be typical of“具有……的特点，是……的典型”符合语境。故填typical。
【16题详解】
句意：当球员们在场上练习时，教练正在用笔给他们的表现打分。根据“While the players were practicing
on the field, the coach was...their performance with a pen”可知，教练用笔应该是记录表现。结合备选词可知，
mark“做标记，打分”符合语境，由was可知，空格处应用现在分词。故填marking。
【17题详解】
句意：侦探注意到一些迹象表明可能不止一个嫌疑人参与了这起犯罪。根据“The detective noticed
some...indicating there might be more than one suspect involved in the crime”可知，侦探是注意到一些迹象，结
合备选词可知，sign“迹象”符合语境，由some可知，应用复数形式。故填signs。
六、完成句子。根据中文意思完成句子。（每题1分，共5分）
18. 他们因为害怕被暴风雨困住而待在室内。
They stayed indoors __________________ getting caught in the storm.
【答案】for fear of
【解析】
【详解】分析句子及所给汉意可知，填空处应为短语for fear of“害怕”。故填for fear of。
19. 无论你有多忙，他总是坚持要和你一起去。
No matter how busy you are, he always ________ coming with you.
【答案】insists on
【解析】
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少“坚持”insist on，句子时态为一般现在时，主语he为三单，动
词应使用三单形式。故填insists on。
20. 这些运动员为上次比赛在训练上付出了巨大的努力。
The athletes __________________ to train for the last competition.
【答案】made great efforts
【解析】
【详解】分析句子及所给汉意可知，填空处考查短语make efforts to do“付出努力做某事”，great“巨大的”，
句子为一般过去时，故动词应用过去式。故填made great efforts。
21. 在问题变得更加严重之前，我们需要想出办法解决这个问题。
We need to ________ a solution to this problem before it becomes more serious.
【答案】think of
【解析】
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【详解】think of“想出”，need to do sth“需要做某事”，故填think of。
22. 大本钟的名字源自于本杰明·霍尔爵士，他负责制作这座时钟。
Big Ben takes its name from Sir Benjemin Hall who ________ the making of the clock.
【答案】was responsible for
【解析】
【详解】结合中英文提示，此处缺“负责”，其对应的英语表达为“be responsible for…”，表示“对……负
责的”。根据“Sir Benjemin Hall”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，过去式was。故填was responsible for。
七、造句。（每句不少于8个词。每题1分，共3分）
23. be amazed at(造句，每句不少于8个词)
_________________________________
【答案】I am amazed at the result of the exam.
【解析】
【详解】be amazed at“对……感到惊讶”。句子可以表达为“我对考试结果感到惊讶”且为一般现在时。I
作主语；be amazed at对……感到惊讶，be动词应用am；the result of the exam考试结果。故填I am amazed
at the result of the exam.
24. run out of(造句，每句不少于8个词)
_________________________________
【答案】If we drive too far, we’ll run out of fuel.
【解析】
【详解】run out of“用完，耗尽”，为动词短语。句子用一般现在时，陈述句。该句子可表达为“如果我
们开得太远，我们会耗尽我们的燃油的”。We主语 ，首字母大写；will run out of 谓语；fuel宾语；If we
drive too far引导条件状语从句。故填If we drive too far, we’ll run out of fuel。
25. so that(造句，每句不少于8个词)
_________________________________
【答案】He works hard so that he can get good grades.
【解析】
【详解】so that“目的是”，表示目的或者意图，引导目的状语从句。句子用一般现在时，陈述句。该句
子可表达为“他努力学习，以便他能取得好成绩”。He 主语 ，首字母大写；works 谓语，三单形式；
hard 副词，修饰谓语动词；so that为连词，引导目的状语；he can get good grades为目的状语从句。故填
He works hard so that he can get good grades.
第三部分：知识运用（共20分）
八、语法填空（每题1分，共10分）
26. I ________（live）in this city for ten years and then I moved to Beijing.
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【答案】lived
【解析】
【详解】句意：我在这个城市居住了三年，之后搬到了北京。分析句子“then I moved to Beijing”可知，填
空处应为一般过去时，故应用所给词live“居住”的过去式lived。故填lived。
27. I ________（walk）along the street when suddenly I heard footsteps behind.
【答案】was walking
【解析】
【详解】句意：我正沿着街道走着，突然听到身后有脚步声。分析句子，根据“when suddenly I heard
footsteps behind.”可推断此处表达“当时我正沿着街道走着”，故应为过去进行时，构成为was/were
+doing，主语为I，故be动词应用was。故填was walking。
28. Why ________（you/stare） at me like that? Is there anything wrong with me?
【答案】are you staring
【解析】
【详解】句意：你为什么那样盯着我看？我有什么问题吗？分析句子及所给词可知，句子应为现在进行时，
构成为be + doing，根据第二人称“you”可知be动词应用are，句子为特殊疑问句，故be动词提前。故填
are you staring。
29. Since it has been repaired, the machine works ________（efficiently） than it did before.
【答案】more efficiently
【解析】
【详解】句意：由于已经修理过了，这台机器的工作效率比以前高了。由“than”可知，此处应为比较级，
副词efficiently为多音节词，其比较级为more efficiently“更有效率”。故填more efficiently。
30. The front page of a newspaper ________（contain）the most important news of the day.
【答案】contains
【解析】
【详解】句意：报纸的头版刊登当天最重要的新闻。此句是一般现在时，主语The front page是单数形式，
动词用三单，故填contains。
31. He started a blog ________（share）his knowledge and connect with like-minded individuals.
【答案】to share
【解析】
【详解】句意：他开了一个博客，目的是分享他的知识，并且和志同道合的人取得联系。“his knowledge
and connect with like-minded individuals.”是他开办博客的目的，to do不定式表目的。故填to share。
32. The students set up a project ________（介词）bullying to create a safer school environment.
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【答案】for
【解析】
【详解】句意：学生们设立了一个针对欺凌行为的项目，以创造一个更安全的学校环境。根据“The
students set up a project”和“bullying恃强欺弱的行为”可知，此处是指这个项目的目的。结合提示词性可
知，应用for表示“为……设计的项目”，符合语境。故填for。
33. We won’t be able to finish the project on time ________（连词）everyone contributes their best efforts.
【答案】unless
【解析】
【详解】句意：除非每个人都尽最大努力，否则我们无法按时完成这个项目。分析句子可知，此处表达
“除非每个人都尽最大努力，否则我们无法按时完成这个项目”，应为条件状语从句，故应用连词
unless“除非”引导。故填unless。
34. Do you mind if I turn the TV off? I ________ (make) a long-distance call and it’s hard to hear if the TV is on.
【答案】will make
【解析】
【详解】句意：你介意我把电视关掉吗？我要打长途电话，如果电视开着的话，很难听到。根据“I...a
long-distance call and it’s hard to hear if the TV is on.”可知，打电话的动作还未进行，句子时态为一般将来时，
结构为will do。故填will make。
35. Before making a decision, you ________（情态动词）carefully weigh the pros and cons to make an
informed choice.
【答案】should
【解析】
【详解】句意：在做出决定之前，你应该仔细权衡利弊，做出明智的选择。分析句子，在做出决定之前，
“应该”仔细权衡利弊，故应用情态动词should“应该”。故填should。
九、完形填空（每题1分，共10分）
Lindsay Byrne and her twin sister, Nicole Kelly, were flying from Boston to their parents’ house in Florida
when the flight crew announced that help was needed due to a ____36____ emergency.
Byrne, a Wayland firefighter and paramedic (护理人员), and Kelly, a nurse at Beth Clinic, immediately
jumped into action. They ____37____ a woman passed out in one of the plane’s bathrooms. “She was
____38____ unconscious when I pulled her out of the bathroom. I never even got her name.”
The woman had grayish-blue skin, a faint pulse and was having difficulty ____39____. Then they noticed an
insulin pump (胰岛素泵) was nearby and the woman had a continuous blood sugar monitoring device on her.
“Soon we ____40____ she was having a severe diabetic emergency. We poured some sugar packets into her
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mouth and when she woke up, we gave her orange juice and did the best we could to keep her ____41____,” said
Byrne.
Once the plane landed, local paramedics transported the woman to a local hospital to be ____42____.
Wayland Fire Chief said he’s proud of Byrne and Kelly and how their training instantly kicked in to save the
woman’s life. “Incidents like these are what first responders and medical professionals ____43____ for,” he said.
“Seeing this training and professionalism kick into action beyond our small community and in an environment with
limited ____44____ is a proud moment for the department that made a difference in someone’s life. I praise
Lindsay and Nicole for working together and using both of their unique skill sets to take this swift, _____45_____
action while flying aboard an aircraft.”
36.
A. medical B. financial C. environmental D. technological
37.
A. found B. understood C. learned D. imagined
38.
A. gradually B. completely C. suddenly D. barely
39.
A. moving B. breathing C. standing D. speaking
40.
A. noticed B. admitted C. realized D. considered
41.
A. conscious B. aware C. determined D. focused
42.
A. handled B. treated C. relieved D. watched
43.
A. train B. develop C. aim D. use
44.
A. staff B. goods C. information D. resources
45.
A. eye-catching B. breath-taking C. ground-breaking D. life-saving
【答案】36. A 37. A 38. B 39. B 40. C 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. D 45. D
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Lindsay Byrne和她的双胞胎妹妹Nicole Kelly在飞机上拯救了一位突发疾病的病
人的故事。
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【36题详解】
句意：Lindsay Byrne和她的双胞胎妹妹Nicole Kelly从波士顿飞往佛罗里达州父母家时，机组人员宣布由
于医疗紧急情况需要帮助。
medical医疗的；financial财政的；environmental环境的；technological科技的。根据“Lindsay Byrne and
her twin sister, Nicole Kelly, were flying from Boston to their parents’ house in Florida when the flight crew
announced that help was needed due to a...emergency.”以及下文可知，有一名女子昏倒需要医疗救助。故选
A。
【37题详解】
句意：他们发现一名妇女在飞机的一间洗手间里昏倒了。
found发现；understood理解；learned学习；imagined想象。根据“They...a woman passed out in one of the
plane’s bathrooms.”可知，二人去的时候发现有一名女子晕倒了。故选A。
【38题详解】
句意：当我把她从洗手间里拉出来时，她已经完全昏迷了。
gradually逐渐地；completely完全地；suddenly突然；barely罕见地。根据“She was...unconscious when I
pulled her out of the bathroom.”可知，只能将她拉出来，因此女子是完全昏迷了。故选B。
【39题详解】
句意：这名妇女皮肤呈灰蓝色，脉搏微弱，呼吸困难。
moving移动；breathing呼吸；standing站立；speaking说。根据“The woman had grayish-blue skin, a faint
pulse and was having difficulty...”可知，前文提到这名女子处于昏迷状态，因此此处指呼吸困难。故选B。
【40题详解】
句意：很快我们意识到她患了严重的糖尿病。
noticed注意；admitted承认；realized意识到；considered认为。根据“Then they noticed an insulin pump (胰
岛素泵) was nearby and the woman had a continuous blood sugar monitoring device on her. Soon we...she was
having a severe diabetic emergency.”可知，根据她旁边的胰岛素泵以及血糖仪，让二人意识到患了糖尿病。
故选C。
【41题详解】
句意：我们把一些糖包倒进她的嘴里，当她醒来时，我们给了她橙汁，并尽最大努力让她保持清醒。
conscious清醒；aware意识；determined决心；focused注意。根据“We poured some sugar packets into her
mouth and when she woke up, we gave her orange juice and did the best we could to keep her...”可知，此处指努
力让她保持清醒。故选A。
【42题详解】
句意：飞机降落后，当地医护人员将这名女子送往当地医院接受治疗。
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handled操控；treated治疗，对待；relieved释放；watched看。根据“Once the plane landed, local paramedics
transported the woman to a local hospital to be...”可知，此处指医护人员把女子送往医院接受治疗。故选B。
【43题详解】
句意：像这样的事件是急救人员和医疗专业人员培训的目的。
train训练；develop发展；aim旨在；use使用。根据“Seeing this training and professionalism kick into action
beyond our small community and in an environment with limited...is a proud moment for the department that made
a difference in someone’s life.”可知，此处指急救人员和医疗专业人员培训的目的是解决这种突发事件。故
选A。
【44题详解】
句意：看到这种培训和专业精神在我们的小区之外，在资源有限的环境中发挥作用，从改变了人的一生这
个方面来看，是一个值得骄傲的时刻。
staff职员；goods商品；information信息；resources资源。根据“Seeing this training and professionalism
kick into action beyond our small community and in an environment with limited...is a proud moment for the
department that made a difference in someone’s life.”可知，此处指在资源有限的情况下拯救了一个人的生命。
故选D。
【45题详解】
句意：我赞扬Lindsay和Nicole在一起工作，并利用她们独一无二的技能，在登机时采取了这种快速、救
生的行动。
eye-catching引人注目的；breath-taking令人叹为观止的；ground-breaking开创性的；life-saving拯救生命的。
根据“I praise Lindsay and Nicole for working together and using both of their unique skill sets to take this
swift...action while flying aboard an aircraft.”以及通读全文可知，二人采取了救生行动。故选D。
第四部分：阅读理解（每题2分，共28分）
十、阅读选择。
阅读ABC三篇短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
You’re never too young to start being charitable. It doesn’t have to be a grand gesture, just something as simple as
a lemonade stand.
But sometimes even the smallest gestures can end up becoming a rather big deal. And one perfect example of
this, is a neighborhood lemonade stand in Peoria, Illinois, which really took off.
It started out when a group of neighborhood kids in the Knolls neighborhood got together in order to participate in
a fundraiser to help raise money for the St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. The children got busy selling lemonade
and other treats all throughout the weekend, and their hard work paid off. In total, they were able to make more than
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$3,500 for the good cause.
But this charitable lemonade stand isn’t in its first year. In fact, it has been several years in the making, all
because of one mom’s actions. Suzanne Miller has been participating in charity races for the hospital for years, and
because of her actions, her kids wanted to join in her fundraising. Hence the lemonade stand was started.
As Miller shared with the reporter, “The first year we did it we raised $220, and we thought that was amazing.
Each year, it got bigger and bigger.”
But it’s not just the profits that have increased over the years, so have the volunteers. This year, Miller’s kids
were joined by her neighbor Leslie Rothan’s three kids in running the lemonade stand.
Miller posted to Facebook, “The Lemonade Stand that our neighbors hosted this weekend raised $3,515 and
donated it to the hospital. I can’t find the words to tell you how I feel. It’s absolutely incredible to celebrate this
way.
Leslie Rothan added, “As a parent, it really makes you filled with joy. It was their idea, and obviously we wanted
to support and encourage them to be as successful as possible, but it really helped them to realize what they were
doing and how that money could really help save children.
46. The neighborhood kids started a lemonade stand to ________.
A. participate in a school charity race B. earn money for themselves
C. help raise funds for the hospital D. compete with other neighborhood kids
47. What motivated Suzanne Miller’s kids to start the lemonade stand?
A. Their love for starting a business. B. Their desire to help others.
C. Their neighbor’s encouragement. D. Their mother’s influence.
48. The story intends to show ________.
A. actions speak louder than words
B. where there is a will, there is a way
C. a small act of kindness makes a big difference
D. when the going gets tough, the tough gets going
【答案】46. C 47. D 48. C
【解析】
【导语】本文主要讲述了Knolls社区的一群孩子聚在一起卖柠檬水和其他零食，为圣犹达儿童研究医院筹
集资金，自此建立了柠檬水摊，柠檬水摊长期为公益事业筹集资金并救助孩子，同时也使我们了解到小的
善举会带来很大的改变。
【46题详解】
细节理解题。根据第三段“It started out when a group of neighborhood kids in the Knolls neighborhood got
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together in order to participate in a fundraiser to help raise money for the St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital.”可
知，Knolls社区的一群孩子聚在一起参加一场筹款活动，为圣犹达儿童研究医院筹集资金。故选C。
【47题详解】
细节理解题。根据第四段“Suzanne Miller has been participating in charity races for the hospital for years, and
because of her actions, her kids wanted to join in her fundraising. ”可知，苏珊娜·米勒多年来一直在为医院参加
慈善比赛，她的孩子们受到妈妈的影响，想加入她的筹款活动。故选D。
【48题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要通过讲述苏珊娜·米勒带领孩子们建立的柠檬水摊长期为公益事业筹
集资金并救助孩子的故事告诉我们，小的善举会带来很大的改变。故选C。
B
A new study finds climate events such as flooding, heatwaves and drought worsen more than half of the
known diseases that infect people. These diseases include malaria（疟疾）, cholera（霍乱）and anthrax（炭疽）.
Researchers examined medical literature（文献）of established cases of such diseases. They found out that
218 out of the known 375 human infectious diseases seemed to be made worse by extreme weather connected to
climate change. The study connected more than 1,000 pathways from climate events to sick people. In some cases,
heavy rains and flooding sicken people through disease-carrying mosquitoes, rats and deer. Other events, like
warming oceans and heatwaves, spoil seafood and droughts bring bats carrying viral（病毒性的）infections to
people.
Medical doctors, going back to the days of ancient Greek civilization, have long connected disease to weather.
But this study shows how widespread the influence of climate events is on human health. “Climate is changing, and
the risk of these diseases is changing,” said Dr Jonathan Patz. “The findings of this study are terrifying and
illustrate well the enormous consequences of climate change on human pathogens（病原体）. Humans need to all
work together to prevent disasters from climate change.”
Camilo Mora, a climate data expert, said the study is not about predicting future cases. “These are things that
have already happened,” he noted. Here’s one example Mora knows from his own experience. About five years
ago, Mora’s home in rural Colombia was flooded, creating a breeding ground for mosquitoes. Mora contracted
Chikungunya, a virus spread by mosquito bites. He survived, but he still suffers pain related to the disease. In
another case, the remains of a reindeer which died from anthrax were unearthed as the Siberian permafrost（永冻
土）melted from warming in 2016. A child touched the dead animal, got anthrax, and an outbreak spread.
Dr Aaron Bernstein said the study is a good warning about climate and health for now and the future. He
added, “But of course, it only reports on what we already know, and what’s yet unknown about pathogens may be
yet more convincing about how preventing further climate change may prevent future disasters like COVID-19.”
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49. What is the main idea of the passage?
A. Climate disasters make infectious diseases worse.
B. Climate disasters bring deadly threats to humans
C. Climate disasters cause unknown infectious diseases.
D. Climate disasters enable viruses to spread across the world.
50. The examples in Para. 4 are mentioned to show ________.
A. the wide spread of climate-related viruses B. the dangers of disease-carrying animals
C. the real-life impact of climate change D. the huge damages of infectious diseases
51. The last paragraph suggests ________.
A. more related researches are needed B. unknown diseases are the real threat
C. COVID-19 still remains a mystery D. actions should be taken for prevention
【答案】49. A 50. A 51. D
【解析】
【导语】本文通过一项研究发现洪水、热浪和干旱等气候事件使一半以上的已知感染人类的疾病恶化，通
过这项研究的结果来说明气候变化对人类病原体的巨大影响。人类需要共同努力，防止气候变化带来的灾
难。
【49题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文通过一项研究发现洪水、热浪和干旱等气候事件使一半以上的已知感染
人类的疾病恶化，也就是“气候灾害使传染病更加严重”，故选A。
【50题详解】
推理判断题。根据“About five years ago, Mora’s home in rural Colombia was flooded, creating a breeding
ground for mosquitoes. Mora contracted Chikungunya, a virus spread by mosquito bites”及“In another case, the
remains of a reindeer which died from anthrax were unearthed as the Siberian permafrost（永冻土）melted from
warming in 2016. A child touched the dead animal, got anthrax, and an outbreak spread”可知，这两个例子都是为
了说明自然灾害之后病毒传播给人类带来的危害，故选A。
【51题详解】
推理判断题。根据“what’s yet unknown about pathogens may be yet more convincing about how preventing
further climate change may prevent future disasters like COVID-19.”可知，最后一段是为了说明预防气候变化
的重要性，故选D。
C
At the end of many sports events and competitions, all the contestants are honored for their effort. But in a
world where not everyone can be a winner, does getting a consolation prize（安慰奖）actually improve a child’s
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self-esteem?
Participation awards have been around for at least 100 years, but lately they have come under fire for killing
children’s sense of competition. Yet that is exactly the opposite of what these medals do for little ones, says
psychologist and parenting coach Emily Pagone.
When preschoolers and kindergartners compete, they don’t know the expectations adults have for them,
Pagone says. Offering them a trophy（奖杯）or medal can highlight the skills that the losers showed and
encourage the sportsmanship of all the players.
But what really makes a participation award worthwhile is the conversation that comes with it. “When the
caregivers around the children recognize their abilities, talents and strengths, children are placed in a position to
learn about the expectations of the situation. And pointing out what kids do well can also build their self-
confidence.” Pagone says.
Still, there is one problem with this system: students may rely too much on rewards from outside sources to
motivate themselves. It’s valuable for them to play soccer not only because they want to earn something to decorate
their rooms, but also because they enjoy the sport. They won’t always get prizes for doing their best, so it’s
important to build an inner desire to push through challenging times.
For this reason, Pagone recommends discontinuing the use of participation awards around first grade. But not
all experts agree that is best. Positive feedback can also benefit older kids and adults, keeping them coming back to
their hobby even after a tough practice or season, says Kelly LaPorte, clinical director at a counseling center. That
lesson of celebrating the effort and not just the result remains important throughout a person’s life.
Trophies and medals for preteens and teens should also be paired with conversations, particularly to prepare
them to deal with loss. Sometimes this means letting them take a five-minute walk to calm down after a match.
Other times it just requires allowing them to express their feelings. A “perfect world” would include participation
awards for kids and postgame reflections with caregivers and coaches.
52. What do participation awards do to little children according to Pagone?
A. They kill their sense of competition. B. They encourage sportsmanship of all players.
C. They meet kids’ expectations for the game. D. They make players ignore the sports skills.
53. Which of the following statements about participation awards might Pagone agree?
A. They get in the way of helping children build self-confidence.
B. They might prevent kids from building an inner desire for the sport.
C. They benefit both little children, older kids and adults in learning.
D. Their value lies in that they celebrate the effort rather than the result.
54. What is the author’s attitude towards participation awards?
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A. They are more beneficial than harmful. B. They are more harmful than beneficial.
C. They can be effective but have limitations. D. They should be replaced with conversations.
55. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?
A. Are Participation Awards Still Necessary? B. How Do Participation Awards Impact Children?
C. What is the Myth about Participation Awards? D. Why Should Participation Awards be Abandoned?
【答案】52. B 53. B 54. C 55. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了参与奖是否是必要的。
【52题详解】
细节理解题。根据“When preschoolers and kindergartners compete, they don’t know the expectations adults
have for them, Pagone says. Offering them a trophy（奖杯）or medal can highlight the skills that the losers
showed and encourage the sportsmanship of all the players”可知，当学龄前儿童和幼儿园儿童竞争时，他们不
知道成年人对他们的期望。给他们一个奖杯或奖牌可以突出失败者所展示的技能，并鼓励所有运动员的体
育精神。故选B。
【53题详解】
推理判断题。根据“students may rely too much on rewards from outside sources to motivate themselves...They
won’t always get prizes for doing their best, so it’s important to build an inner desire to push through challenging
times”可知，学生可能过于依赖外部资源的奖励来激励自己。他们不会总是因为尽力而为而得到奖励，所
以建立一种内在的渴望来度过挑战时期是很重要的，故可推测出，Pagone可能同意“参与奖可能会阻止孩
子们对这项运动产生内心的渴望”这个观点。故选B。
【54题详解】
推理判断题。根据“Trophies and medals for preteens and teens should also be paired with conversations,
particularly to prepare them to deal with loss”可知，给青春期前和青少年的奖杯和奖牌也应该与谈话搭配在一
起，尤其是让他们准备好面对失去。根据“A “perfect world” would include participation awards for kids and
postgame reflections with caregivers and coaches”可知，一个“完美的世界”应该包括对孩子们的参与奖励，
以及与照顾者和教练的赛后反思。故可推测出作者认为参与奖有效但有局限性。故选C。
【55题详解】
最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讨论了参与奖是否是必要的，故选项A“参与奖还需要吗”符合语境。
故选A。
D
信息还原。
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
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Everyone gets mad. Feeling angry is just a part of life. Yet this fierce emotion often carries along shame with
it. Society warns that getting mad is bad. If you show that you’re angry, there’s something wrong with you. Sadly,
this message misses out on the benefits of making anger an ally.
,
In her TED Talk author and life coach Juna Mustad explains managing your anger with an analogy（类比）.
She says, “Anger is like a child; you don’t want to let it drive the car.” ___56___ But you also don’t want to
ignore it. Mustad continues, “And you certainly don’t want to stuff it in the trunk either.” Ignoring angry feelings
only makes them worse. “Anger needs us to take action. And if we don’t, it hangs around,” according to Mustad.
___57___ Instead of exploding or pretending everything is fine, put anger to work for you.
Learn to manage your anger rather than snapping at someone. Think before you speak. When you’re angry, it’s
easy to say something that you’ll regret. ___58___ Once you’re calm and thinking more clearly, express your
frustration calmly. You should not blame others; just state your concerns clearly and directly. When everyone is
calm, the situation can be settled more easily.
When you find yourself getting angry, you can also get some exercise. Physical activity can help reduce stress.
Taking a brisk walk gives you time to calm down. If you can’t go out and get some exercise, give yourself a time-
out. This short break will hopefully give you time to calm yourself in a troublesome situation. ___59___ Is your
way being blocked? Is your pride wounded? Sometimes being honest with yourself about the source of your anger
is calming.
Learn to manage your anger instead of letting it manage you!
A. It is also important to understand why you’re angry.
B. In other words, you don’t want your anger to control you.
C. So how can people establish a healthy relationship with anger?
D. Managing anger effectively is crucial for maintaining healthy relationships.
E. Take time for a few deep breaths and to collect your thoughts before saying anything.
【答案】56. B 57. C 58. E 59. A
【解析】
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在我们生气的时候应如何控制我们的愤怒。
【56题详解】
根据“Anger is like a child; you don’t want to let it drive the car.”和“But you also don’t want to ignore it”可知，
但是你也不想忽略你的愤怒，but前后为转折关系，空格处应为自己对愤怒的态度，且应是不想让愤怒控
制、束缚自己。选项B“换句话说，你不想让你的愤怒控制你”符合语境。故选B。
【57题详解】
根据“Instead of exploding or pretending everything is fine, put anger to work for you”可知，不要爆发或假装一
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切都很好，要让愤怒为你工作，这是在介绍如何处理愤怒，故空格处应询问如何处理愤怒。选项C“那么，
人们如何与愤怒建立健康的关系呢”符合语境。故选C。
【58题详解】
根据“Think before you speak. When you’re angry, it’s easy to say something that you’ll regret”和“Once you’re
calm and thinking more clearly, express your frustration calmly”可知，当你生气的时候，很容易说一些让你后
悔的话，所以在说话之前要先想一想，由此可推测出，空格处为让自己冷静下来的方法。选项E“在说话之
前，花点时间做几次深呼吸，整理一下思绪”符合语境。故选E。
【59题详解】
根据“Is your way being blocked? Is your pride wounded? Sometimes being honest with yourself about the source
的
of your anger is calming”可知，此处在寻找自己愤怒 根源，即应理解为什么自己会生气、愤怒。选项
A“理解你为什么生气也很重要”符合语境。故选A。
第五部分：书面表达（共17分）
E
阅读表达。阅读E篇短文，根据短文内容，用完整句子回答问题。
When your teenager has done something inappropriate or dangerous, you may need to immediately correct
their behavior; however, any teaching moments you have in mind may have to wait if you want them to be
effective.
The minute you start correcting your child in a forceful way, it’s likely that their defense mechanisms kick into
gear and they start blocking out what you’re saying. This is normal, as it’s a way of protecting themselves when
someone is saying negative things to them. The problem is, it renders you helpless to get your point across at that
moment.
Looking at this from the teen’s point of view, when they recognize they’ve messed up and are upset about their
behavior, it can lead to them becoming upset with themselves. It’s also possible the teen may feel the adult is
overreacting and that they didn’t do anything wrong. Either of these feelings can cause them to become absorbed in
their own emotions and not be open to input from the adult. As a result, they may not be in a place to hear you.
That’s why no matter what you say, it may not be effective and can cause the child to become more upset and
defiant, which in turn can further infuriate you.
To have more positive communication with adolescents, we have to talk with them when they’re ready to hear
us. While we need to correct potentially dangerous behaviors immediately, the educational part of the discussion
may need to wait. To really reach them, they have to be in a place to listen to us, which may mean waiting until the
emotions have eased and you can each discuss what happened logically. That would be the time you and your child
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can discuss expectations and boundaries moving forward. Teens can be reasonable. It’s just tough for them to be
reasonable when they’re in the midst of being taken to task and become reactive. By waiting for the emotional
upset to fade, we can be more effective in talking with them, and finally having them follow behaviors that can help
keep them safe.
60. What is defense mechanism according to Paragraph 2?
___________________________________________
61. What are the feelings that prevent children from listening to their parents?
___________________________________________
62. How can parents make sure their kids listen to them?
___________________________________________
63. Explain one skill that you use in your communication with your parents with an example. （In about 30
words）
___________________________________________
【答案】60. It’s a way of protecting themselves when someone is saying negative things to the teenagers.
61. The feeling of upset and the feeling that the adult is overreacting.
62. They must wait until the emotions have eased and they can each discuss what happened logically.
63. I will actively create opportunities and do at least one activity with my parents every week to communicate with
them during the activity.
【解析】
【导语】文章主要介绍了青少年和父母难以沟通的原因以及父母如何和孩子进行沟通的方法。
【60题详解】
根据“This is normal, as it’s a way of protecting themselves when someone is saying negative things to them.”可
知，防御机制是一种当有人对青少年说负面的话时，保护自己的方式。故填It’s a way of protecting
themselves when someone is saying negative things to the teenagers.
【61题详解】
根据“Looking at this from the teen’s point of view, when they recognize they’ve messed up and are upset about
their behavior, it can lead to them becoming upset with themselves. It’s also possible the teen may feel the adult is
overreacting and that they didn’t do anything wrong. Either of these feelings can cause them to become absorbed in
their own emotions and not be open to input from the adult.”可知，沮丧的感觉和成年人反应过度的感觉会阻止
孩子们听父母的话。故填The feeling of upset and the feeling that the adult is overreacting.
【62题详解】
根据“To really reach them, they have to be in a place to listen to us, which may mean waiting until the emotions
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have eased and you can each discuss what happened logically.”可知，他们必须等到情绪缓和后，才能按逻辑讨
论发生了什么。故填They must wait until the emotions have eased and they can each discuss what happened
logically.
【63题详解】
在
开放题，言之有理即可。当我和父母沟通时，我会主动创造机会，每周至少和父母一起做一项活动， 活
动中和父母进行交流。故填I will actively create opportunities and do at least one activity with my parents every
week to communicate with them during the activity.
十三 作文（10分）
64. 生活中微信朋友圈是许多人分享生活点滴、表达观点和与朋友互动的重要场所。然而，有些孩子
选择在微信上屏蔽父母。你对这一做法有何看法？请你以”Should Children Block Their Parents on WeChat?”
写一篇议论文。
内容包括：
1）你的观点；
2）两至三条支撑你观点的理由；
3）你的结论。
提示词：朋友圈 Moments
要求：
1. 不少于80词。
2. 写作中不要出现真实姓名和学校名字。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
【答案】例文：
Should Children Block Their Parents on WeChat?
Many children choose to block their parents on WeChat. I don’t think we should block our parents on WeChat.
Firstly, parents can learn more about us through WeChat. Secondly, we can have more communication with our
parents through WeChat so that they won’t worry too much about us.
In my opinion, WeChat is a great communication tool. Many children are afraid that their parents will know
about their personal information. In fact, communicating with your parents often will let them know that you are safe
and happy, and they will respect your privacy.
【解析】
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【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇话题作文；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”及“一般将来时”；
③提示：写作要求已给出，考生注意不要遗漏，适当增加细节，表述完整。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表述你是否同意在微信上屏蔽父母的看法；
第二步，表述不同意的原因；
第三步，表示你自己的观点。
[亮点词汇]
①have communication with与某人交流
②worry about担心
③In my opinion我认为
[高分句型]
①I don’t think we should block our parents on WeChat.（省略that的宾语从句）
②Secondly, we can have more communication with our parents through WeChat so that they won’t worry too much
about us.（so that引导的目的状语从句）
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