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解密04 非谓语动词
A
分层练 熟练必备知识
1.【2023·辽宁省葫芦岛市四校联考】Porcelain, also called fine china,_______(feature) its delicate texture,
pleasing color, and refined sculpture, has been one of the best artworks introduced to the Western world through
the Silk Road.
考查非谓语动词。句意：瓷器，又称精细瓷器，以其细腻的质地、悦目的色彩和精致的雕刻而著称，是通
过丝绸之路传入西方世界的最佳艺术品之一。分析句子结构可知非谓语动词feature在句中与逻辑主语
Porcelain构成主动关系，故用现在分词作后置定语。故填featuring。
2.【2023·辽宁省辽西联合校期中】A Chinese garden is like a scroll (卷轴) painting, ________(show) a series
of carefully composed scenes.
考查现在分词。句意：一个中国园林就像一卷画，展示了一系列精心构成的场景。分析句子可知，空处为
非谓语动词，动词show和逻辑主语painting之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填showing。
3.【2023·辽宁省辽西联合校期中】At the entrance to a Chinese garden, there is usually a huge stone or wall
_______(use) to screen your view so as to later produce unimaginable delight when you turn around the wall.
考查过去分词。句意：在中国园林的入口处，通常会有一块巨大的石头或一堵墙挡住你的视线，这样当你
转过墙时，就会产生难以想象的快感。分析句子可知，动词use和逻辑主语stone or wall之间是动宾关系，
应用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。
4.【2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学月考】On a table at his home in Rosetta, a port city in northern Egypt, self-
taught artist Ibrahim Bilal displayed a variety of his signature mini sculptures _________ (make) with pencil tips.
考查非谓语动词。句意：自学成才的艺术家Ibrahim Bilal在他位于埃及北部的港口城市罗塞塔家中的一张
桌子上，展示了他用铅笔尖雕刻的各种标志性迷你雕塑。分析句子可知，displayed为句中的谓语动词，所
以这里需要填非谓语动词；又因前文signature mini sculptures和make之间为被动关系，所以这里用过去分
词作后置定语。故填made。
5.【2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学月考】With about 80 works ____38____ (feature) landmarks and famous
people in Egypt and beyond, the 30-year-old artist said he was inspired four years ago to thoroughly grasp the art
form after watching videos of a Chinese artist carving pencil lead(铅笔芯) into sculptures.
考查非谓语动词。句意：这位30岁的艺术家大约有80件作品，以埃及等地的地标和名人为特色。他说，
四年前，他观看了一位中国艺术家将铅笔头雕刻成雕塑的视频，之后他受到启发，彻底掌握了这种艺术形
式。根据前文with可知，这里应用非谓语动词；又因with+works+featuring，表示“具有……特征的作
品”，这里是指作品自身带的特点，所以用现在分词。故填featuring。
6.【2023·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学月考】 The size of each sculpture is no more than 6 mm unless it is a tower.
And each takes an average of 10 hours ____________ (finish).
考查固定句型（不定式）。句意：并且每一个雕塑平均需要10个小时才能完成。根据固定句型sth. takes
sb. time to do意为“某事花费某人多少时间去做”。故填to finish。7.【2023·广东省名校联盟11月大联考】
The National Ballet of China staged The Little Mermaid (小美人鱼) at Tianqiao Theater in Beijing, marking
its10th anniversary since its premiere (首演) in 2012.
The ballet piece was first performed by the Royal Danish Ballet in 2005_______ (celebrate) the 200th anniversary
of Danish author Hans Christian Andersen’s birth.
考查不定式。句意：2005年，为了庆祝丹麦作家汉斯·克里斯蒂安·安徒生诞辰200周年，丹麦皇家芭蕾舞
团首次演出了这部芭蕾作品。根据语境可知，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to celebrate。
8.【2023·广东省名校联盟 11 月大联考】The company has advanced during the past 10 years,__________
(allow) us to interpret the ballet piece at a higher level,” said Feng Ying, head and artistic director of the National
Ballet of China.
考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，舞团不断进步，使我们能够在更高的水平上诠释芭蕾舞剧。句
中谓语是has advanced，空格处用非谓语动词，根据语境和句意可知，应用现在分词作结果状语，故填
allowing。
9.【2023·广东省茂名市联考】Recently, the most popular television drama is “A Dream of Splendor”. The
Hanfu____36____(wear) by the actors, whether it is men’s or women’s clothing, is eye-catching.
考查非谓语动词。句意：演员们穿的汉服，无论是男装还是女装，都很抢眼。句中谓语是is，空格处用非
谓语动词，由by可知，空格处用过去分词表被动，故填worn。
10.【2023·广东省茂名市联考】Hanfu is the traditional clothing of the Chinese Han people. When it comes
to________(talk) about the Han clothes, the first image that comes to everyone’s mind is that the waist is tied with
a belt, loose sleeves and elegant robes (长袍).
考查动名词。句意：说到汉服，大家首先想到的就是腰间系着腰带，袖子宽松，袍子优雅。空格处用动名
词作介词to的宾语，故填talking。
11.【2023·广东省广州市调研】Chongqing motorcyclists are being praised as heroes for volunteering to transport
much-needed supplies to the fire and fighting the wildfires ____40____ (cause) by prolonged heat and drought
across multiple districts in the municipality.
考查非谓语动词。句意：重庆的摩托车手们因自愿为火灾运送急需的物资，并在该市多个地区抗击长期高
温和干旱引发的野火而被誉为英雄。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“are being praised”，故空格处应用非
谓语动词，“wildfires”和“cause”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“cause”的过去分词“caused”，作后置定
语。故填caused。
12.【2023·广东省广州市调研】____41____ (face) the tough situation, the city government called for volunteers
with related skills and experience to join the firefighting, and a large number of motorcyclists have played an
important role and won widespread praise.
考查非谓语动词。句意：面对严峻的形势，市政府号召具有相关技能和经验的志愿者加入消防队伍，大量
摩托车手发挥了重要作用，赢得了广泛赞誉。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“called for”，故空格处应用
非谓语动词，“city government”和“face”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用“face”的现在分词“facing”，作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Facing。
13.【2023·广东省百校联盟综合能力测试】Every historical building in Beijing has something to offer and teach
us, but Zhihua Temple provides adifferent flavor to stand shoulder to shoulder with the better-known locations in
the capital and is surely worth _____________(explore)again.
考查非谓语动词。句意：北京的每一座历史建筑都有可以教我们的东西，但智化寺提供了一种不同的风格，
与首都更知名的地方并肩站立，肯定值得再次探索。固定用法 be worth doing 意为“值得做”。故填
exploring。
14.【2023·山东省济宁市期中】Recently, 16 Chinese online novels have been added to the collection of the
British Library. ______ (cover) themes of science fiction, history, reality and fantasy, these works are considered
the classics of Chinese online literature from the past 20 years.
考查非谓语动词。句意：这些作品涵盖了科幻、历史、现实和奇幻的方方面面，被认为是近20年来中国网
络文学的经典之作。设空处在句中作非谓语，和逻辑主语these works之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作状
语。故填Covering。
15.【2023·山东省济宁市期中】The library usually selects works ___57___ (base) on their popularity or by
considering an item’s value. Readers can check the information about the 16 books on the library’s website, and
borrow printed copies.
考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆通常根据作品的受欢迎程度或作品的价值来选择作品。设空处在句中作非
谓语，和逻辑主语works之间是被动关系，应用动词的过去分词的形式作后置定语。故填based。
16.（2022·浙江卷 1 月）That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans
____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change."
astonished考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划
做”，故填to continue。
17.【2021·北京卷】Much of this increase can be due to climate change. The findings show a critical need
________ (invest) in disaster prevention.
to invest考查非谓语动词。句意：研究结果表明，急需投资于灾害预防。根据语境可知，此处表示未来的
动作，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to invest。
18.【2021·天津卷】Mary became a baker at age 14, because her grandfather paid the local baker ________
（teach）her all the skills.
to teach考查动词的固定结构。句意：玛丽在14岁时成为了一名面包师，因为她的祖父付钱给当地的面包
师来教她所有的技能。短语pay sb. to do sth.，意为“雇佣某人做某事”，根据句意，故填to teach。
19.【2021·北京卷】There has been a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20
years,______(cause) largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations.
caused考查非谓语动词。句意：根据联合国的一份新报告，过去20年里，极端天气事件的数量急剧增加，
这在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events与cause是
逻辑动宾关系，应用过去分词，表被动。故填caused。
20.【2021·北京卷】From 2000 to 2019, there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, 19 ． (result) inUSD 2,970 billion in economic loss．
resulting考查非谓语动词。句意：2000年至2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害 7348起，造成经济损失
2.97万亿美元。7,348 major natural disasters around the world与result是逻辑主谓关系，且表示一种自然的结
果，应用现在分词，作结果状语。故填resulting。
B
分层练 突破关键能力
训练A
【2023届吉林省长春市高三质量监测（一）】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词
的正确形式。
Queen Elizabeth II was farewelled at an hour-long state funeral in London’s Westminster Abbey, with her
body later moved to her final ____ 1 ____ (rest) place.
About 2,000 people attended the funeral, most notably the Queen’s children: King Charles, Princess Anne,
Prince Andrew and Prince Edward. Her grandchildren, ____ 2 ____ (include) Prince William, Prince Harry, Princess
Beatrice and Princes Eugenie, were in attendance. Kate and William’s ____ 3 ____ (young) child of three, Prince
Louis, stayed home.
As well as foreign royals and state ____ 4 ____ (official), a number of famous faces attended the service.
Besides, Peep Show actor Sophie Winkleman also attended, because she is royal by ____ 5 ____ (marry); her
husband is Lord Frederick Windsor, ____ 6 ____ only son of the Queen’s cousin.
The service ____ 7 ____ (conduct) by the Dean of Westminster while new British Prime Minister and the
Secretary-General of the Commonwealth both read lessons.
On the top of the coffin (棺材) was a wreath of flowers ____ 8 ____ (choose) by King Charles ____ 9 ____
honor of his mother; one of the flowers was myrtle (香桃木), _____ 10 _____ was used in the Queen’s 1953
wedding bouquet. A card from Charles read: “In loving and devoted memory.”
Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ will be buried alongside her late husband, Prince Philip.
【答案】
1．resting 2．including 3．youngest 4．officials 5．marriage 6．the 7．was conducted 8．
chosen 9．in 10．which
【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了已故英国女王伊丽莎白二世的葬礼是如何安排的，提
及了一些参与人员和女王最终的长眠之地。
1．考查形容词。句意：英国女王伊丽莎白二世在伦敦威斯敏斯特教堂举行了长达一小时的国葬，随后她
的遗体被移至长眠之处。分析句子成分可知，用形容词形式修饰名词place。故填resting。
2．考查介词。句意：她的孙辈，包括威廉王子、哈里王子、比阿特丽斯公主和尤金妮王子都出席了婚礼。根据句意可知，她的孙辈包括威廉王子、哈里王子等等，所以用介词including，表示“包括”。故填
including。
3．考查形容词最高级。句意：凯特和威廉三个孩子中最小的——路易斯王子待在家里。根据常识可知，
路易斯是两人最小的孩子，所以填形容词最高级形式。故填youngest。
4．考查名词的数。句意：除了外国王室成员和国家官员，一些名人也参加了葬礼。根据上文的“foreign
royals”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填officials。
5．考查名词。句意：此外，《Peep Show》演员索菲·温克曼也出席了，因为她是皇室成员；她的丈夫是弗
雷德里克·温莎勋爵，女王堂弟的独子。根据空前的by可知，空后为名词，意为“通过婚姻”。故填
marriage。
6．考查冠词。句意：此外，《Peep Show》演员索菲·温克曼也出席了，因为她是皇室成员；她的丈夫是弗
雷德里克·温莎勋爵，女王堂弟的独子。修饰可数名词单数，特指，用定冠词the。故填the。
7．考查时态和语态。句意：仪式由威斯敏斯特教务长主持，新任英国首相和英联邦秘书长都宣读了仪式
内容。分析句子成分可知，空处为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，时态为一般过去时；主语为the
service，单数，和动词conduct之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was conducted。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：在棺材的顶部是一个花环，由国王查尔斯为纪念他的母亲选择；其中一种花
是香桃木，1953年女王的婚礼花束中就用到了这种花。查尔斯寄来的一张卡片上写着：“致以挚爱的怀
念。”这里为非谓语动词担当后置定语，和被修饰词a wreath of flowers之间存在被动关系，用动词的过去
分词形式。故填chosen。
9．考查介词。句意：在棺材的顶部是一个花环，由国王查尔斯为纪念他的母亲选择；其中一种花是香桃
木，1953年女王的婚礼花束中就用到了这种花。查尔斯寄来的一张卡片上写着：“致以挚爱的怀念。”固
定短语：in honor of，意为“为纪念……”。故填in。
10．考查定语从句。句意：在棺材的顶部是一个花环，由国王查尔斯为纪念他的母亲选择；其中一种花是
香桃木，1953年女王的婚礼花束中就用到了这种花。查尔斯寄来的一张卡片上写着：“致以挚爱的怀
念。”这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为myrtle，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，用关系代词which
引导。故填which。
训练B
【江苏省扬州市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中检测】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括
号内单词的正确形式。
Exploring the moon is a dream that we Chinese have been pursuing for ages, and we are proud of the
____ 1 ____ (achieve) in the past decade.
On Dec 2, 2013, as ____ 2 ____ key part of the second step of the three-phase lunar probe (探 测) projects,
China started the Chang’e 3 mission to explore the moon. After about 12 days of fight, the Chang’e 3 probe
____ 3 ____ (success) soft-landed on the lunar soil, becoming the first Chinese spacecraft on the moon. And China
is the first country ____ 4 ____ (reach) this goal in nearly fourdecades. It then released the first Chinese lunar
rover, Yutu, which worked there for nearly 1,000 days, until July 2016.
On Dec 8, 2018, China launched its fourth lunar probe, Chang’e 4, toward the far side of the moon, ____ 5 ___
always faces away from Earth. Twenty six days into its journey, the unmanned spacecraft made a soft-landing in thesouth basin, ____ 6 ____ (start) mankind’s first close observation of the moon’s little-known far side. The mission’s
core component—the Yutu 2 rover— ____ 7 ____ (work) on the moon for nearly 1,400 days so far, ____ 8 ____
(long) than any other rover of all time.
On Nov 24, 2020, the Chang’e 5 robotic mission ____ 9 ____ (launch) from Wenchang and landed on the
moon on Dec 1. The mission brought 1,731 grams of lunar rocks and soil back ____ 10 ____ Earth on Dec 17. The
23-day mission made China the third county that has retrieved (带回) lunar sample.
【答案】
1．achievements 2．a 3．successfully 4．to reach##to have reached 5．which 6．starting 7．has
worked 8．longer 9．was launched 10．to
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国过去十年在月球探索的成就。
1．考查名词。句意：探索月球是我们中国人多年来追求的梦想，我们为过去十年取得的成就感到自豪。
分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词the，所以空处应填名词，通读全文可知，此处指下文三个阶段分别取得
的成就，用复数形式。故填achievements。
2．考查冠词。句意：2013年12月2日，作为三期探月工程第二阶段的关键部分，中国启动了嫦娥三号探
月任务。分析句子结构可知，嫦娥3号，作为探月工程三个阶段中第二阶段的“一个”关键部分。表示泛
指，用不定冠词，空后key为辅音音素开头，应该用a。故填a。
3．考查副词。句意：经过约12天的战斗，嫦娥三号探测器成功在月球土壤上软着陆，成为中国首个登月
航天器。分析句子结构可知，此处修饰后面的谓语动词soft-landed，所以空处应填副词，success的副词形
式是successfully。故填successfully。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国是近40年来第一个实现这一目标的国家。分析句子结构可知，本句已有
谓语动词is，所以reach应该用非谓语形式，the first country后面用通常动词不定式to reach作后置定语，
也可以强调已经达成这样的目标，用动词不定式的完成式to have reached。故填to reach或者to have
reached。
5．考查定语从句关系词。句意：2018年12月8日，中国向月球背面发射了第四枚月球探测器“嫦娥四
号”，该探测器始终背对着地球。分析句子结构可知，空处引导的是非限制性定语从句，后面谓语动词
faces缺少主语，即上文的the far side of the moon，因此用关系代词which。故填which。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在26天的旅程中，无人飞船在月球南部盆地软着陆，开始了人类对月球鲜为
人知的背面的首次近距离观察。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词made，所以start应该用非谓语形
式，它的逻辑主语是the unmanned spacecraft，两者间是主动关系，所以用现在分词，作结果状语。故填
starting。
7．考查动词时态。句意：该任务的核心部件“玉兔二号”月球车到目前为止已经在月球上工作了近1400
天，比任何其他月球车都要长。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以work作本句谓语，根据后
面的时间状语so far可知，谓语动词应该用现在完成时，主语是core component为第三人称单数。故填has
worked。
8．考查形容词比较级。句意：该任务的核心部件“玉兔二号”月球车到目前为止已经在月球上工作了近
1400天，比任何其他月球车都要长。根据空后的than可知，空处应该用形容词的比较级。故填longer。
9．考查动词时态语态。句意：2020年11月24日，嫦娥五号机器人探测器从文昌发射升空，并于12月1日登陆月球。根据前面的时间状语及后面并列的谓语动词时态可知，本题应该用一般过去时，并且嫦娥5
号是“被发射”，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，主语the Chang’e 5 robotic mission为第三人称单数。故
填was launched
10．考查介词。句意：该任务于12月17日将1731克月球岩石和土壤带回地球。固定搭配bring...(back)
to...“把……带回……”。故填to。
训练C
【江苏省南京市2022-2023学年高三上学期11月六校联合体调研测试】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个
适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As archaeologists explored ancient tombs in Turfan in western China, they discovered some surprisingly well-
preserved and hardened dumplings.
Exactly ____ 1 ____ invented dumplings remains a mystery. But some scholars suspect they were first spread
around the ancient world by peoples living in western China and Central Asia more than 1,700 years ago.
Dumplings continued to take off and diversify in China over the next thousand years. Instead of the
____ 2 ____ (tradition) meat filling, some communities preferred vegetable dumplings. And because wheat was
____ 3 ____ (hard) to grow outside of northern China, those in other regions began making dumplings using rice
and sweet potato. The relationship ____ 4 ____ Chinese dumplings and those in other areas is hard to trace, but
food historians ___ 5 ____ (make) their best guesses based on available clues.
Turkic (突厥) tribes spread and ____ 6 ____ (eventual) established the Ottoman Empire around 1300 CE,
bringing wrapped food west with them.
Some scholars believe that the Mongol Empire also helped dumplings go farther, perhaps ____ 7 ____
(introduce) them to parts of Eastern Europe. These dumplings could have come by way of China or directly from
some of the Turkic peoples the Mongols hired to run their empire.
Later, after Chinese dumpling ____ 8 ____ (variety) were introduced to more countries, English speakers
began calling them dumplings. The term is thought ____ 9 ____ (use) firstly in 16th century England to describe
dough balls dropped in liquid. During the Second World War, Chinese “jiaozi” was brought to Japan, ____ 10 ____
it became known as “gyoza” and was more typically pan-fried.
【答案】
1．who 2．traditional 3．harder 4．between 5．have made 6．eventually 7．introducing 8．
varieties 9．to have been used 10．where
【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章介绍了考古学家在中国西部的吐鲁番古墓中发现了一些保存完好的饺子。
1．考查主语从句。句意：饺子究竟是谁发明的仍然是个谜。remain前面是主语从句，谁发明的，用who
引导主语从句，在从句中作主语，故填who。
2．考查形容词。句意：有些社区更喜欢蔬菜饺子，而不是传统的肉馅。形容词修饰名词作定语，
traditional传统的。故填traditional。
3．考查形容词比较级。句意：由于小麦更难在中国北方以外的地区生长，其他地区的人开始用大米和红
薯包饺子。北方和以外地区比较，用形容词比较级。故填harder。
4．考查介词。句意：中国饺子和其他地区的饺子之间的关系很难追溯，但是食物历史学家根据现有的线索做出了最好的猜测。表示两者之间用between...and，故填between。
5．考查动词时态。句意：中国饺子和其他地区的饺子之间的关系很难追溯，但是食物历史学家根据现有
的线索做出了最好的猜测。强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时。故填have made。
6．考查副词。句意：突厥部落的扩张最终在公元1300年左右建立了奥斯曼帝国，并将包装食品带到了西
方。副词修饰动词作状语。故填eventually。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：一些学者认为，蒙古帝国也帮助饺子走得更远，可能将它们引入了东欧的部
分地区。help是谓语动词，动词介绍和谓语之间没有连词，用非谓语动词，the Mongol Empire与introduce
之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填introducing。
8．考查名词复数。句意：后来，中国饺子种类被介绍到更多的国家后，说英语的人开始称它们为饺子。
were前面的主语是复数形式，故填varieties。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个词最早出现在16世纪的英国，用来形容落在液体中的面团。被认为已
经……，be thought to have done，强调非谓语表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前，且term和use之间是被动
关系，故填to have been used。
10．考查定语从句。句意：第二次世界大战期间，中国的“饺子”被带到日本，被称为“饺子”，更典型
的做法是用平底锅煎制。Japan是先行词，where引导定语从句，作地点状语，故填where。
