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►专题 02 语法填空之无提示词梳理
讲
考点难点精
【解法思维导图】
【解题步骤思维导图】
(一)高频考点之一：填介词解题攻略
第一步：确定是否填介词：
首先，分析句子结构，发现名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时， 其前面一般是填介词。
第二步：根据句意及固定搭配判断填介词：
分析句子结构， 发现空格放在名词前后时， 应考虑名词与介词的搭配；
分析句子结构， 发现空格放在不及物动词后名词前时， 应考虑动词与介词的搭配；
分析句子结构， 发现空格放在形容词后名词前时， 应考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
【例】 [2021·浙江卷1月]The study found that between 1985 and 2017，average rural BMI increased
________ 2.1 in women and men.
分析：第一步：确定填介词。分析句子成分可知，此处考查动词与介词的搭配。
第二步：判断代词的形式。
句意：研究发现，1985年至2017年，农村地区女性和男性的平均体重指数增加了2.1。此处表示升高的幅
度，故用介词by。
快捷思维
1.句意明，辨成分
① 锁定“________＋名词/ 动名词”模式， 且名词或动名词不作主语、表语， 也不作动词的宾语， 此时
要考虑填介词。
② 锁定“谓语动词＋________”模式， 大多数情况下需要填介词。
③锁定“形容词＋________＋名词”模式，考虑形容词与介词的搭配。
2.介词多义看语境
(1)表示时间的in, on, at
①in表示在某段较长的时间内(如世纪、年代、月份等)或泛指上午、下午、晚上等。②on表示在具体的日子或具体的某一天的上午、下午、晚上等。
③at表示某个时间点、时刻等。
(2)表示方位的through和across
①through表示“从……的内部穿过”。
②across表示“从……表面穿过”。
(3)表示交通方式的by和on/in
①by后可直接跟涉及交通工具的单数名词，名词前不加冠词。
②on/in后跟交通工具时，名词前应有冠词、物主代词、指示代词等修饰语。
(4)表示“用……”的by, in, with
①by指“靠……手段，用……方法，凭借……”，后可接名词、代词或动名词。
②in多用于表示语言、材料的名词前。
③with多用于表示工具或身体器官的名词前。
(5)of 表示所属关系，“……的”
“of＋n.”相当于该名词对应的形容词
3.依据句式和搭配填介词
(1)与动词搭配， 如：
remind sb. of sth. 提醒某人某事；
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人某物；
go back to/ date from 追溯至；
exchange ... for ... 交换……；
come about 发生；
run out of 用完；
account for 占……比例； 说明……的原因
(2)与名词或代词搭配，如：
by accident 偶然；
in trouble 陷入困境，陷入麻烦；
in spite of 尽管，虽然；
in turn 依次，转而；
in return 作为报答；
at risk 处于危险中；
on board 乘(飞机、船)；on average 平均
(3)与形容词搭配，如：
be curious about 对……感到好奇；
be proud of 因……而自豪；
be rich in 在……方面丰富
(二)高频考点之二：填冠词
第一步：确定是否填冠词：
首先，分析句子结构，看空格后是否有名词；
第二步：判断特指还是泛指：
①看空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an；
②若发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the；
③看看是否是固定搭配
【例】 [2021·全国卷乙]Due to ________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure
travel，various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
分析：第一步：确定填冠词。分析句子成分可知，空处有名词popularity。
第二步：判断特指还是泛指。
考查冠词。名词popularity后有定语，故其前应用定冠词the表特指，the growing popularity of...“……的日
益流行”。1.不定冠词a/an
分析句子结构， 发现空格后有单数可数名词，搭配后表示泛指时，应考虑不定冠词a/an。
用不定冠词a/an的常考点：
①泛指一类人与物，表示“一”概念；
②在序数词前，表示“又一，再一”。
2.定冠词the
分析句子结构， 发现空格后有名词，搭配后表示特指时，应考虑定冠词the。
用定冠词the的常考点：
①特指某人或某事；
②用在序数词或最高级前或有only, very, same 等修饰的名词前；
③用在世界上独一无二的东西及某些专有名词前；
④用在乐器名词前；
⑤用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
3.固定搭配中的冠词
固定搭配或抽象名词具体化的名词前用冠词
(1)定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：
at the same time, on the contrary，
to tell the truth, in the distance, make the most/best of, on the spot等。
(2)不定冠词用在固定搭配中，如：
catch a cold, have a fever,
all of a sudden, as a matter of fact，
as a result, have a gift for，
make a living, give sb. a lift，
have a good knowledge of等。
(3)动词(catch/take/hit等)＋sb.＋介词＋the＋身体部位。
(三)高频考点之三：填从属关联词和并列连词解题攻略
第一步：如何确定并列连词：
如果两个单词、短语、句子相并列的成分相互之间存在并列、转折、选择、因果关系填并列连词。
第二步：如何确定引导词：
如果空处引导从句，则首先要看它所引导的是哪一种从句，然后根据引导词的种类和功能来确定填哪一个
引导词。
【例】 [2021·新高考全国卷Ⅰ]Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain，still it
highlights the whole adventure ________ offers a place where you can sit down to rest your aching legs.
分析：第一步：如何确定并列连词
分析句子结构可知， highlights 与offers 是两个并列谓语。
第二步：如何确定连词本空连接两个谓语动词(highlights和offers)，表示顺接关系，因此这里填并列连词。
（四）高频考点：填代词
第一步：确定是否填代词：
首先，分析句子结构，发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时， 应考虑用it；
第二步：判断是否指代上文中提到的人或物：
分析句子结构， 发现指代上文中所提到的人或物时， 应考虑用相应的代词。
【例】 [2021·广东省模拟二]It was worth it, though. I still have that golden headdress, as ________ reminds
me of those unforgettable days.
分析：第一步：确定填代词。分析句子成分可知，空处指代上文中所提到的物。
第二步：判断代词的形式。
句意：但这是值得的。我仍然留着那个金色的头饰，因为它让我想起了那些难忘的日子。分析句子，根据
句意可知，此处连词as后应用代词it作主语，指前面的事物that golden headdress。
快捷思维
1.句意清，指代明
无提示词类填空， 当句中缺少主语或宾语时， 一般要填代词， 主要包括不定代词和it。
①如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作主语，可根据代指的情况用he，she或者it。
②如果空格前文出现了单数名词，并且空处作宾语，可根据代指的情况用him，her或者it。
③如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作主语，填they。
④如果空格前文出现了复数名词，并且空处作宾语，填them。
2.it的用法
①指代天气、时间、距离等
②代替上文提到过的事物
③分析句子结构， 发现句子缺少形式主语或形式宾语时， 应考虑it。
④it的常用固定句型
·It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他成分·It＋be＋形容词＋of/for sb.to do sth.
·It is no good/no use/useless/a waste of time doing sth.
·hate/like/enjoy it that ...讨厌/喜欢……
·when it comes to ...当谈到……
·as sb. puts it正如某人所言
·make it成功
_____
练
优选真题演
【2021年新高考全国I卷】
Going to Mount Huangshan reminds me of the popular Beatles’ song“The Long and Winding Road”.
____56____is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes. The rolling sea of clouds you see
once you are at the top will remind you how tiny we ____57____ (human) are.
The hot spring at the foot of the mountain is something you must try after the climb. It will
____58____(undoubted) help you get refreshed! The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature
gets, the ____59____ (hot) the spring! Strange, isn’t it? But that’s how nature is — always leaving us
____60____(astonish).
What comes next is the endless series of steps. You can’t help wondering how hard it ____61____ (be) for the
people then to put all those rocks into place. Though it is the only unnatural thing on your way up the mountain, still it
highlights the whole adventure ____62____offers a place where you can sit down to rest your ____63____ (ache)
legs.
As the song goes, this long and winding road “will never disappear”, and it will always stick in the visitor’s
memory. It sure does in ____64____(I).While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ____65____ must to visit!
【2021年新高考全国II卷】
I've always loved the ocean. In the____36____ (seven) grade,I started volunteering at the Monterey Bay Aquarium
in California. I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage, ____37____ (think)it is food.
I decided to do something ____38____ (educate) people about this problem. I held presentations at schools to teachkids about plastic waste. I wanted to reach businesses too. I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot
of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
One day, I saw a commercial for a health-care company. People in the ad were using plastic straws （吸管）. I
found the contact information of the company____40____ emailed its president. I told him how ____41____ (harm)
plastic could be to the environment and asked him to consider using more eco-friendly options. I was so____42____
(excite) when he wrote back to me.He said he would make sure that the company cut its use of plastic straws in half.
I kept going. Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I
wrote to ____43____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. A company ____44____ (represent) wrote back and told me the airline
was switching over _____45_____ plastic to paper cups on all of its 1,200 daily flights.
_____
测
名校好题必
山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中英语试题
阅读短文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
When it comes to ancient civilizations, most people think of the Greeks and Romans. It’s understandable as both
____36____ (shape) modern society in some way so far, whether it be their social, cultural, or political influences.
However, dozens of civilizations had been around long ____37____ the Greeks and Romans, the lesser-known Jiahu
people ____38____ (include).
The Jiahu settlement is located in the central plain of ancient China, ____39____ area known today as the Henan
Province. The people created the country’s oldest recognized civilization. The area is rich in artifacts, ____40____
(make) it an archaeologist’s dream. Apart from the usual finds, people have uncovered records of the earliest examples
of Chinese writing and proof ____41____ they were producers of the world’s oldest wine. Another remarkable
discoveries was the oldest working bone flutes (长笛). ____42____ (typical) carved from the wing bone of a crane, they
were most likely used in special ceremonies. Rough weaving tools and bone needles also ____43____ (unearth) from the
site, indicating that Jiahu residents may have possessed basic weaving and sewing skills 8,500 years ago.
The settlement’s end came around 5700 BCE when the nearby rivers overflowed and flooded the area. It is
assumed that the Jiahu people left their home ____44____ (settle) elsewhere, even though there is no indication as to
_____45_____ that might have been.广东省顺德区普通高中2022-2023学年高三上学期教学质量检测
In mid-September in 2022, to honor the 110th anniversary of the birth of nuclear physicist Wu Chien-shiung,
____36____ global online conference was held to mark this anniversary. Compared with physicists such as Marie Curie,
Wu is not a household name in China or in the United States, ____37____ she was one of the most influential nuclear
physicists of the 20th century.
Wu was born on May 31, 1912, in Liuhe town, Taicang, ____38____ the Yangtze River flows into the East Sea.
Wu’s father, Wu Zhongyi, received a modern ____39____ (educate) in Shanghai, and in 1913, ____40____ (found) the
first school for girls in Taicang. He aimed ____41____ (break) the old sexist advocacy that it was women’s virtue to
have no talents.
The father, absorbing the merits of Western ideas while bearing the great thoughts rooted deep in Chinese culture
in mind, had the most profound influence ____42____ Wu Chien-shiung’s life. She spent most of her life in the US, but
always wore qipao. Working in the scientific world dominated by men, she never gave up or lowered her standards
even if ____43____ (unequal) treated.
During her 44-year career as a nuclear physicist, Wu’s great ____44____ (achievement) won her nicknames such as
“Chinese Madame Curie”. She was the first woman to be president of American Physical Society, and the first female
winner of the Comstock Prize in physics ____45____ (give) by the US National Academy of Sciences.
山东省潍坊市2022-2023学年高三上学期期中英语试题
China has once again showed its ability to change the world with its “four great new _____36_____ (invent)”—
high-speed rail, electronic payment, shared bicycle, and online shopping.
China’s new-generation high-speed train, the FuxingHao, is now one of the _____37_____ (fast) trains in the world,
which car travel at a speed of 350 km/h. Besides high-speed rail, China _____38_____ (improve) people’s lives in many
other innovative ways over the last decade.
Bike sharing, for example, is not new itself. But China has made _____39_____ much more convenient and popular
both in China _____40_____ overseas. The leading Chinese bikesharing companies Mobike and Ofo are now operating
in foreign countries such as Singapore and Britain.
And back in China, when riding a shared bike, you can stop _____41_____ (buy) and eat whatever you want
_____42_____ (simple) with a tap on your phone. You could easily pay with your smartphone by _____43_____ (scan)
the seller’s QR code. Cashless payment has grown into a _____44_____ (choose) for Chinese people - even a pancake
seller is using Alipay (支付宝).
Besides, the four innovative ways of life are most appealing ______45______ youths from 20 countriesparticipating in the Belt and Road Initiative, and they wish their countries would emulate (模仿) China in terms of
technological achievements.
