文档内容
Part1时事热点
（2024·北京房山·一模）The beginning of the Year of the Dragon has foreshadowed a
“Song of Ice and Fire” with the emergence of Sora, a text-to-video AI model. Videos generated by
Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support
continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera
angles. 1
However, film insiders noted that currently, AI-generated 60-second videos cannot support
the creation of a full-length movie, and the idea that AI tools will “bomb” the film and television
industry is so far unfounded. Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration
of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new
possibilities to the film and television industry. 2
From the age of film stock to the digital age, from practical effects to digital effects, from 2D
to 3D, Sora, like any technological revolution in the century-long history of film, will improve
production efficiency, update production and may even create new genres and trends in
filmmaking. 3 Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to
unleash their sci-fi imagination.
Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders
argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced. 4
Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating
personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by
machines like Sora.
5 However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention
of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not
replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human
thought.
A．With OpenAI’s iteration speed, producing AI videos dozens of minutes long is not far off.
B．It is also likely to be incorporated into film and television education and training in the future.
C．Film and television are closely linked to technological advancements, which stimulate
creativity.
D．Sora will undoubtedly prompt changes in existing industrial production and may even replacesome jobs.
E．Sora is undoubtedly “more of an opportunity than a challenge” for the global film and
television industry.
F．Creativity and film production requires the integration of emotional experiences and
individual memories.
G．This implies that with just a text description, ordinary people using Sora may be able to
become “great directors”.
【答案】1．G 2．E 3．B 4．F 5．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了工智能模型Sora对电影产业的影响，但专家表示
Sora不会取代人类。
1．根据上文“Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters
and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed
settings and multiple camera angles.”（Sora生成的视频在人物和背景方面显示出强大的一致
性，并支持长达60秒的连续拍摄，包括高度详细的设置和多个相机角度。）可知，选项承
接上文说明使用Sora的意义。故G选项“这意味着，只要一个文本描述，使用Sora的普
通人就可能成为“伟大的导演”。故选G项。
2．根据上文“Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help
optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film
and television industry.”（与此同时，专家表示不必过度担心，因为人工智能的整合将有助
于优化某些职业，吸引更多创新人才，并为影视行业带来新的可能性）可知，选项承接上
文说明Sora给影视业带来了机会大于挑战。故E选项“对于全球影视业来说，Sora无
疑‘与其说是挑战，不如说是机遇’”切题。故选E项。
3．根据下文“Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash
their sci-fi imagination.”（学习电影制作的学生可以将Sora视为一个有用的助手，以释放他
们的科幻想象力。）可知，Sora可能会被应用于影视教育和培训，成为学生一个有用的助
手。故B选项“ 它也有可能在未来被纳入影视教育和培训”切题。故选B项。
4．根据上文“Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film
insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be
试卷第2页，共3页replaced.”（面对人工智能工具将威胁全球电影产业的恐慌信号，电影业内人士辩称，电影
的基本DNA是艺术，人类的创造力是不可替代的）和下文“Many directors, screenwriters,
and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life
experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora.”（许多
导演、编剧和演员通过不断融合个人情感和生活经历来创作伟大的作品。这种个人创造力
是Sora这样的机器无法模仿的）可知，选项承接上文说明人类的创造力是不可替代的原因
且要引出个人情感和生活经历对伟大作品创作的重要性。故F选项“创意和电影制作需要
情感体验和个人记忆的整合”切题。故选F项。
5．根据下文“However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the
invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades
will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of
human thought.”（然而，正如印刷术的发明没有取代文学，摄影术的发明也没有取代绘画
一样，Sora及其后续的更新和升级也不会取代电影，因为这些艺术形式的核心是创造力，
这是人类思想的一个独特方面。）可知Sora不会取代电影、让人失去岗位，下文与选项为
转折关系说明毫无疑问，Sora肯能促使变化，取代某些岗位。故D选项“Sora将促使现有
工业生产发生变化，甚至可能取代一些工作岗位”切题。故选D项。
（2023·陕西西安·一模）Do you sometimes wish there was a quick and easy way to do your
homework? Well a new artificial intelligence technology has been released and people are
concerned that it could lead to students cheating on their work.
ChatGPT is an online service which can not only answer questions but also write realistic
school essays just like humans. 6 .
But what exactly is ChatGPT and how could it affect the future of homework? ChatGPT was
released late last year by company OpenAI, which was founded by Elon Musk. 7 ,
answering questions from the user. The online chatbot has been trained on lots of information and
data from the internet - it can have a human-like conversation answering questions, admitting
mistakes and rejecting any inappropriate questions.
Experts say it can be used to write essays, stories, poems and even solve computer coding.
8 , which OpenAI admit. Sometimes it writes answers which are incorrect or don’t make
sense, and it occasionally guesses what the user has asked it, rather than asking more follow-up
questions to understand the question better.What are people saying about it?
9 . Some think students might use it to cheat whereas others think they should use
the tool in the classroom to help children learn.
10 . They argue that, just like when the calculator or Google were created, people
were unsure at first, but if teachers introduce the technology and teach pupils the benefits but also
the downfalls that could help their learning.
There are the problems with ChatGPT. CEO of OpenAI, Sam Altman tweeted last year:
“ChatGPT is incredibly limited…it’s a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right
now.”
A．But there are limits to what it can do
B．ChatGPT is an easy way for students to write an essay
C．ChatGPT is getting mixed reviews from people
D．The technology chats in a conversational way
E．It also isn’t always accurate as well
F．Some people have suggested that the software should be welcomed
G．Teachers are worried that students may use it to cheat
【答案】6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了聊天机器人ChatGPT，作者认为人工智能还有很
长的路要走。
6．根据上文“ChatGPT is an online service which can not only answer questions but also write
realistic school essays just like humans. (ChatGPT是一个在线服务，不仅可以回答问题，还可
以像人类一样写实际的学校论文。)”可知，此处介绍了ChatGPT的功能之一是可以写论文。
B项“ChatGPT is an easy way for students to write an essay. (ChatGPT是学生写文章的一种简
单方法。)”补充解释了这一功能，符合语境。故选B。
7．根据下文“it can have a human-like conversation answering questions, admitting mistakes
and rejecting any inappropriate questions. (它可以进行类似人类的对话，回答问题或拒绝任何
不适合的问题。)”可知，这个在线聊天机器人可以与人类进行对话。D项“The technology
chats in a conversational way .( 这项技术以对话的方式聊天。)”符合语境，承接下文
“answering questions from the user(回答用户的问题)”。故选D。
试卷第4页，共3页8．根据上文“Experts say it can be used to write essays, stories, poems and even solve computer
coding. (专家表示，它可以用来写文章、故事、诗歌，甚至解决电脑编码问题。)”以及下文
“Sometimes it writes answers which are incorrect or don’t make sense (有时它会写出不正确或
没有意义的答案)”可知，上文介绍了ChatGPT的优点，下文介绍了它的局限，所以此处表
示转折，引出ChatGPT的缺点。A项“But there are limits to what it can do. (但它所能做的是
有限的。)”符合语境。故选A。
9．根据上文“What are people saying about it? (关于它人们是怎么说的？)”以及下文“Some
think students might use it to cheat whereas others think they should use the tool in the classroom
to help children learn. (一些人认为学生可能会用它来作弊，而另一些人则认为他们应该在课
堂上使用这个工具来帮助孩子学习。)”可知，此处介绍人们对于ChatGPT的看法，人们的
看法各不相同。C项“ChatGPT is getting mixed reviews from people. (人们对ChatGPT的评
价褒贬不一。)”符合语境。故选C。
10．根据下文“They argue that, just like when the calculator or Google were created, people
were unsure at first, but if teachers introduce the technology and teach pupils the benefits but also
the downfalls that could help their learning. (他们认为，就像计算器或谷歌被创造出来时一样，
人们一开始也不确定，但如果教师引入这项技术，并教给学生好处和坏处，这将有助于他
们的学习。)”可知，本段介绍了随着新事物的出现，认清它们的优缺点会对人们有帮助。F
项“Some people have suggested that the software should be welcomed .( 一些人建议应该欢迎
这个软件。)”最能概括本段内容。故选F。
（2023·浙江·模拟预测）ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and
launched in November 2022. Built on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it
engages in human-like dialogue directed by prompting (提示). 11
ChatGPT has numerous potential uses. But from a scientific point of view, there is a need to
closely watch the development of technologies like ChatGPT before reaching a conclusion about
their impacts. 12 So we should not fear ChatGPT will take up humans’ jobs overnight.
ChatGPT’s performance is being improved. 13 However, it still has a long way to
go to completely imitate the human mind and language competence. When it comes to
professional writing, ChatGPT’s answers at times seem reasonable but actually incorrect or
meaningless. It might give some good answers to general questions, yet it is no substitute for
professional advice.14 It is a kind of groundbreaking research, but its potential risks have not been
thoroughly studied. It is still a new technology that we need to study, but should not over-rate (高
评). It’s even unwise to blindly commit huge amounts of money to further develop ChatGPT,
because it may not turn out to be successful and create bubbles in the high-tech market.
China has developed its own large-scale language models, such as Huawei’s Pangu NLP
models, Baidu’s ERNIE, Tencent’s HUNYUAN NLP models, and Alibaba’s AliceMind. 15
China needs more special models in specific fields, such as the modern Chinese language, ancient
Chinese language, minority languages, and dialects, to break the language barrier among people.
A．Technology progresses step by step.
B．It is important to view ChatGPT objectively.
C．ChatGPT is still a product with very limited application.
D．It is designed to respond in a natural, understandable way.
E．But these models need to focus more on deeper technologies.
F．It has made quite some progress in natural language processing.
G．ChatGPT can accurately decide which word comes next in a sentence.
【答案】11．D 12．A 13．F 14．B 15．E
【导语】本文为一篇说明文。文章介绍了由OpenAI开发的功能强大的聊天机器人
ChatGPT的优势和缺点，告诫人们要客观地看待ChatGPT，中国方面也已开发了多个大规
模语言模型，但这些模型需要更多地关注更深层次的技术。
11．根据上文“ChatGPT is a powerful chatbot developed by OpenAI and launched in November
2022. Built on top of OpenAI’s GPT-3 family of large language models, it engages in human-like
dialogue directed by prompting (提示). (ChatGPT是由OpenAI开发的功能强大的聊天机器人，
于2022年11月推出。它建立在OpenAI的GPT-3系列大型语言模型之上，它通过提示进行
类似人类的对话)”可知，ChatGPT通过提示进行类似人类的对话，D项“It is designed to
respond in a natural, understandable way. (它被设计成以一种自然的、可理解的方式回应)”，
与上文的human-like dialogue呼应，ChatGPT进行类似人类的对话是建立在提示的基础上，
所以互动中ChatGP的回应方式自然、可理解，上下文衔接连贯，故选D项。
12．上文“But from a scientific point of view, there is a need to closely watch the development
of technologies like ChatGPT before reaching a conclusion about their impacts. (但是从科学的角
试卷第6页，共3页度来看，在得出关于其影响的结论之前，有必要密切关注ChatGPT等技术的发展)”提及the
development of technologies，A项“Technology progresses step by step. (技术是一步步进步
的)”与上文呼应，下文“So we should not fear ChatGPT will take up humans’ jobs overnight
(因此，我们不应该担心ChatGPT会在一夜之间取代人类的工作)”，与A项为因果关系，上
下文衔接连贯。故选A项。
13．上文“ChatGPT’s performance is being improved. (ChatGPT的性能正在得到改进)”，此
段与ChatGPT的性能有关，F项“It has made quite some progress in natural language
processing. (它在自然语言处理方面取得了相当大的进展)”，其中的natural language
processing是ChatGPT的性能之一，下文“However, it still has a long way to go to completely
imitate the human mind and language competence. (然而，要完全模仿人类的思维和语言能力，
还有很长的路要走)”与F项为转折关系，尽管ChatGPT的自然语言处理方面有进展，但还
不是很完善，故选F项。
14．根据下文“It is a kind of groundbreaking research, but its potential risks have not been
thoroughly studied. (这是一项开创性的研究，但其潜在的风险尚未得到充分的研究)”可知，
此段话题为ChatGPT的潜在风险，B项“It is important to view ChatGPT objectively. (客观地
看待ChatGPT是很重要的)”转换话题，上两段提及ChatGPT的优点，B项起到承上启下的
作用，故选B项。
15．上文“China has developed its own large-scale language models, such as Huawei’s Pangu
NLP models, Baidu’s ERNIE, Tencent’s HUNYUAN NLP models, and Alibaba’s AliceMind (中
国已经开发了自己的大规模语言模型，如华为的盘古NLP模型、百度的ERNIE、腾讯的浑
源NLP模型和阿里巴巴的阿里思维)”列举中国已有大规模语言模型，E项“But these
models need to focus more on deeper technologies. (但这些模型需要更多地关注更深层次的技
术)”中的these models指代上文的Huawei’s Pangu NLP models, Baidu’s ERNIE, Tencent’s
HUNYUAN NLP models, and Alibaba’s AliceMind，E项与上文为顺接关系。故选E项。
（2023·重庆·三模）As AI grows more sophisticated and widespread, the voices warming
against the potential dangers of artificial intelligence grow louder. “The development of artificial
intelligence could spell the end of the human race,” according to Stephen Hawking. 16
“AI scares the hell out of me,” Tesla and SpaceX founder Elon Musk once said. Below we take a
closer look the possible dangers of artificial intelligence.
Job losses due to AI automationAI-powered job automation is a pressing concern as the technology is adopted in industries
like marketing, manufacturing and healthcare. Eighty-five million jobs are expected to be lost to
automation between 2020 and 2025. 17 And while it’s true that AI will create new jobs,
many employees who won’t have the skills could get left behind.
Social control through AI algorithms (算法)
TikTok runs on an AI algorithm that fill a user’s feed with content related to previous media
they’ve viewed on the platform. Criticism of the app targets this process and the algorithm’s
failure to filter out harmful and inaccurate content, raising doubts over Tik Tok, ability to protect
its users from dangerous and misleading media. 18 So it really leads to a situation
where you literally cannot believe your own eyes and ears.
19
Blue-collar workers have experienced wage declines as high as 70 percent because of
automation. On the other hand, white-collar workers have remained largely untouched. From this
sense, if the trend continues, the existing social and economic gaps between different races and
classes will be further widened. Weakening ethics and goodwill If mankind’s so-called
technological progress were to become an enemy of the common good, this would lead to a heavy
blow to modern civilization. The rapid rise of the conversational AI tool ChatGPT gives these
concerns more substance. Many users have applied the technology to get out of writing
assignments. 20
A．This fear has become a reality
B．Widening socioeconomic inequality
C．Financial crisis brought about by AI
D．No one knows what’s real and what’s not
E．It threatens academic integrity and creativity
F．The famous theoretical physicist isn’t alone with this thought
G．As AI robots become smarter, the same tasks will require fewer humans
【答案】16．F 17．G 18．D 19．B 20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了人工智能可能带来的危险。
16．根据上文“As AI grows more sophisticated and widespread, the voices warming against the
试卷第8页，共3页potential dangers of artificial intelligence grow louder. “The development of artificial intelligence
could spell the end of the human race,” according to Stephen Hawking.(随着人工智能变得越来
越复杂和广泛，反对人工智能潜在危险的声音也越来越大。斯蒂芬·霍金说：“人工智能的
发展可能意味着人类的终结。”)”以及后文““AI scares the hell out of me,” Tesla and
SpaceX founder Elon Musk once said. Below we take a closer look the possible dangers of
artificial intelligence.(“人工智能把我吓坏了，”特斯拉和SpaceX的创始人埃隆·马斯克曾经
说过。下面我们来仔细看看人工智能可能带来的危险)”可知，后文提到了马斯克也有和霍
金一样的看法，故F选项“这位著名的理论物理学家并不是唯一有这种想法的人”符合语
境，故选F。
17．根据上文“AI-powered job automation is a pressing concern as the technology is adopted in
industries like marketing, manufacturing and healthcare. Eighty-five million jobs are expected to
be lost to automation between 2020 and 2025.(随着人工智能技术在营销、制造和医疗保健等
行业的应用，人工智能驱动的工作自动化是一个迫切需要关注的问题。2020年至2025年
间，预计将有8500万个工作岗位被自动化取代)”可知，上文提到“有8500万个工作岗位
被自动化取代”，说明需要的人力变少了，故G选项“随着人工智能机器人变得更加智能，
同样的任务将需要更少的人力”符合语境，故选G。
18．根据上文“TikTok runs on an AI algorithm that fill a user’s feed with content related to
previous media they’ve viewed on the platform. Criticism of the app targets this process and the
algorithm’s failure to filter out harmful and inaccurate content, raising doubts over Tik Tok, ability
to protect its users from dangerous and misleading media.(TikTok运行在一种人工智能算法上，
该算法将用户在该平台上看过的与之前媒体相关的内容填充到用户的feed中。对该应用程
序的批评针对这一过程，以及该算法未能过滤掉有害和不准确的内容，这引发了对Tik Tok
保护其用户免受危险和误导性媒体影响的能力的质疑)”可知，本段提到AI算法无法为用户
过滤掉无害或不精准的内容，因此受到TikTok批判者的质疑。在此情况下，用户无法分辨
眼前信息的真假，因此也造成了用户无法相信所见所闻的情况。故D选项“没有人知道什
么是真的，什么是假的”符合语境，故选D。
19．根据后文“Blue-collar workers have experienced wage declines as high as 70 percent
because of automation. On the other hand, white-collar workers have remained largely untouched.
From this sense, if the trend continues, the existing social and economic gaps between different
races and classes will be further widened.(由于自动化，蓝领工人的工资下降幅度高达70%。另一方面，白领基本上没有受到影响。从这个意义上说，如果这种趋势继续下去，不同种
族和阶级之间现有的社会和经济差距将进一步扩大)”可知，本段的主要内容是在讲述AI带
来的日益扩大的社会经济不平等。故B选项“社会经济不平等加剧”符合语境，故选B。
20．根据上文“Many users have applied the technology to get out of writing assignments.(许多
用户使用这项技术来逃避写作作业)”可知，用AI摆脱写作任务，这会给学术诚信和创造性
带来威胁。故E选项“威胁学术诚信和创造力”符合语境，承接上文，故选E。
Part2人与自我
（2024·安徽·三模）Reading is an exercise for the mind. It is good for our vocabulary and
literacy skills, teaching us math or science concepts and helping us learn history. Apart from those,
reading has another benefit. Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character’s
suffering? If so, that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character. 21
Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. 22 In
addition, your brain thinks you are in the story, which means you experience the characters’
thoughts as if they were real.
23 This skill, called emotional intelligence (EI), can make it easier to
communicate and connect with people. Research shows that building this intelligence can lead to
greater tolerance. One study found that people who read the Harry Potter novels, which tell stories
about humans fighting against the evil, were less likely to behave unfairly towards powerless
groups including refugees (难民).
This theory of EI has been put into practice in schools. After reading The Boy at the Back
of the Class, a story about a boy who is a refugee escaping from the war, students in St Michael’s
High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk for the non-profit organization — Refugee
Action. 24
25 Not only are we more likely to engage in helpful behaviors when we feel
empathy for other people, but others are also more likely to help us when they experience
empathy. For society to develop, communicative and empathetic individuals really matter.
A．In a way, all this increases our ability to read well.
B．This permits people to limit their emotions that others are feeling.
C．Many more areas of your brain light up when you’re enjoying a story.
D．It also stimulated them to raise £1,000 for the homeless caused by war.
试卷第10页，共3页E．Reading encourages us to empathize with others, which could be beneficial.
F．Empathy helps you to read people’s emotions and work out the best way to respond.
G．It helps you see into other people’s hearts and can be learned through various stories.
【答案】21．G 22．C 23．F 24．D 25．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究表明阅读可以帮助培养同理心，这是有益的。
21．上文“Have you read a story and felt tears well up because of a character’s suffering? If so,
that is because you have empathy (共情) for the character. (你是否读过一个故事，因为一个人
物的痛苦而热泪盈眶？如果是这样，那是因为你对角色有共情。)”提到“共情”，结合诸
选项信息可知，G选项“它可以帮助你看到别人的心，可以通过不同的故事来学习。”契
合语境，该句就是对上文“empathy”进行说明和解释，“it”指代“empathy”，“stories”呼
应上文“story”。故选G。
22．根据本段首句“Research shows that human brains react differently to stories and facts. (研
究表明，人类大脑对故事和事实的反应是不同的。)”可知，本段主要谈论人的大脑会根据
不同的故事和事实产生不同的反应；C选项“当你在欣赏一个故事时，你的大脑会有更多
的区域被激活。”也是谈论当人阅读时大脑的反应，契合语境。故选C。
23．下文“This skill, called emotional intelligence (EI), can make it easier to communicate and
connect with people. (这种技能被称为情商，可以让你更容易与人沟通和联系。)”讲述情感
智力这项技能能够使沟通和与人建立联系更容易，F选项“同理心可以帮助你读懂别人的
情绪并想出最佳方式来回应。”契合语境，下文This skill指代F项中的Empathy。故选
F。
24．上文“After reading The Boy at the Back of the Class, a story about a boy who is a refugee
escaping from the war, students in St Michael’s High School were inspired to do a 10-mile walk
for the non-profit organization — Refugee Action. (在读完《教室后面的男孩》后，圣迈克尔
高中的学生们受到启发，为非营利组织‘难民行动’进行了10英里的步行活动。这本书讲
述了一个逃离战争的男孩的故事。)”进一步举例说在读了《教室后面的男孩》这本书后，
圣迈克尔高中的学生的反应，选项D“这也促使他们为因战争而无家可归的人筹集了1000
英镑。”也是在谈论反应：促使他们为因战乱而无家可归之人募集一千英镑，因而契合语
境。故选D。25．由本空所在位置可知，此处为段首句，总括全段信息，下文“Not only are we more
likely to engage in helpful behaviors when we feel empathy for other people, but others are also
more likely to help us when they experience empathy. For society to develop, communicative and
empathetic individuals really matter. (当我们对他人感同身受时，我们不仅更有可能做出有益
的行为，而且当他人感同身受时，他们也更有可能帮助我们。为了社会的发展，善于沟通
和善解人意的个人真的很重要。)”谈论当我们对他人感同身受时，我们不仅更有可能做出
有益的行为，而且当他人感同身受时，他们也更有可能帮助我们，是在讲述共情对人有益。
由此可知，选项E“阅读鼓励我们去同情他人，这是有益的。”契合语境。故选E。
（2024·辽宁·模拟预测）Tips For Staying Active Over the Holidays
The holiday season is here, which for most people, signals a departure from their typical
exercise regime（方式，管理制度）. Being physically active on a consistent basis can be
challenging during this period especially as we travel to see relatives or host friends in our homes.
26 Exercise is also known to give you an energy boost and reduce stress levels. Considering
these, you can take following tips for making physical activities regular in your lifestyle, through
holidays and beyond.
27
This is the first rule of any sustainable exercise routine. If your workout feels like another
task on your to-do list, it’ll be difficult to stick with. Therefore, be creative in identifying physical
activities. Dance. Garden. Take a yoga class online. All of these count as physical activities, and
even small amounts add up.
Find breaks to move throughout the day.
28 Taking three 10-minute walks during the day —one in the morning, another
during your lunch and another after dinner —produces similar benefits to spending 30 minutes at
the gym. In other words, taking short movement breaks throughout your day makes for a more
active lifestyle and helps meet your goals.
Make it a priority.
Most of us are managing countless responsibilities every day, so it’s vital to consider
physical activities an important part of your day. 29 And, let others know when you’ll be
busy exercising and how they can help you find time to do so. Having the support from others is
an important element of success.
试卷第12页，共3页Be realistic.
Most are overly optimistic when first mapping out a workout plan. In fact, exercise isn’t
necessarily at maximal intensity to be effective. Besides, you don’t have to exercise before, during
and after work every day in order to hit your goals. 30
A．Find something you enjoy.
B．Participate in various physical activities.
C．Exercise doesn’t have to take place in a gym.
D．Of course, it is realistic to avoid being injured in sports.
E．Instead, just put more movement into your current daily life.
F．However hard it seems, staying active can help not just your waistline.
G．Put it on your schedule, just as you make an appointment with a doctor.
【答案】26．F 27．A 28．C 29．G 30．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在假期持续进行体育锻炼的几种方法。
26．根据上文“Being physically active on a consistent basis can be challenging during this
period especially as we travel to see relatives or host friends in our homes.”（在这段时间里，坚
持锻炼身体是很有挑战性的，尤其是当我们去拜访亲戚或在家里接待朋友的时候。）说明
在假期坚持锻炼很难。以及下文“Exercise is also known to give you an energy boost and
reduce stress levels.”（众所周知，锻炼能让你精力充沛，降低压力水平。）结合选项F项
However hard it seems, staying active can help not just your waistline.（无论多么困难，保持运
动不仅仅能帮助你控制腰围。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，上下文语意连贯。故
选F项。
27．由该题为段落小标题可知，为总结该段内容。该段下文“This is the first rule of any
sustainable exercise routine. If your workout feels like another task on your to-do list, it’ll be
difficult to stick with. Therefore, be creative in identifying physical activities. Dance. Garden.
Take a yoga class online. All of these count as physical activities, and even small amounts add
up.”（这是任何可持续锻炼的第一条规则。如果你的锻炼感觉像是你待办事项清单上的另
一项任务，那就很难坚持下去了。因此，在确定体育活动时要有创造性。跳舞。花园。在
网上上瑜伽课。所有这些都算作体育活动，即使是少量的运动也要加起来。）可知，主要
讲的是找到你喜欢的体育锻炼。结合选项A项Find something you enjoy.（找一些你喜欢的事情。）意思一致，为总结该段内容。故选A项。
28．根据下文“Taking three 10-minute walks during the day —one in the morning, another
during your lunch and another after dinner —produces similar benefits to spending 30 minutes at
the gym.”（每天散步三次，每次10分钟——一次在早上，一次在午餐时间，一次在晚餐后
——产生的效果和在健身房锻炼30分钟相似。）由此可反推，不一定要在健身房锻炼才会
有一样的效果。结合选项C项Exercise doesn’t have to take place in a gym.（锻炼并不一定要
在健身房进行。）符合此推断，上下文紧密连接，符合语境。故选C项。
29．根据上文“Most of us are managing countless responsibilities every day, so it’s vital to
consider physical activities an important part of your day.”（我们大多数人每天都要承担无数的
责任，所以把体育活动作为你一天中重要的一部分是至关重要的。）说明把体育活动作为
你一天中重要的一部分是至关重要的。结合选项G项Put it on your schedule, just as you
make an appointment with a doctor.（把它写进你的日程表，就像你和医生预约一样。）可知，
承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，上下文紧密连接。故选G项。
30．根据小标题和前文主要大意，讲的是制定计划时运动量要现实合理，强调的是运动量，
且逻辑上是转折关系，呼应上一句“Besides, you don’t have to exercise before, during and
after work every day in order to hit your goals.”（此外，你不需要为了达到目标而在每天工作
前、工作中和工作后锻炼。）故E选项Instead, just put more movement into your current
daily life.（相反，在你现在的日常生活中多做些运动。）符合语境，上下文紧密连接。故
选E项。
（2024·陕西西安·模拟预测）Tips For a Great Fall Garden
A fall garden can be a great place, which allows us to revel (陶醉) in the beauty and abundance of
the season. Many gardeners seem to focus on summer so much that the garden can fade during the
fall and not live up to its full potential. 31 Grow annual crops in fall.
32 When you switch from summer growing to year-round growing, you will
beamazed by how much more you are able to grow and by the abundance of your yields. By
growing the right crops at the right times, your garden can be incredibly productive. 33
Whether for production or for decoration, it is always a good idea to look first at native plants.
Plants that are native to your area should always make up a high proportion of the plants you
grow. Selecting plenty of native plants that bloom in the fall helps you to boost biodiversity and
they look lovely and right at home.Use and value fall leaves.
试卷第14页，共3页When trees drop their colorful leaves, creating a great fall garden means making the most of those
leaves as a resource to keep your garden looking good. To make the most of fall leaves, you can
use them to protect the soil and overwintering plants, to enrich the soil and fill planters or
containers. 34 Add garden features for year-round enjoyment.
Making a great fall garden is mostly about the plants you choose and the way you choose to
garden. But gardens should not be entirely about hard work. 35 Covered seating areas,
garden buildings, outdoor heat sources and perhaps outdoor lighting can help you enjoy your
garden as much in the fall as you do in the summer.
A．Choose native plants for a diverse fall garden.
B．Make designs for forest gardening on a small scale.
C．To help these gardeners, here are some tips for a great fall garden.
D．Native plants for your area can become shopping lists for a fall garden.
E．You can take steps to ensure you can fully enjoy the space in cooler seasons.
F．You can even take on some arts and crafts projects to enjoy their colors and shapes.
G．In cooler gardens, it is possible to grow year-round if you create an underco ver growing area.
【答案】31．C 32．G 33．A 34．F 35．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条在秋天收获好花园的贴士。
31．根据上文“Many gardeners seem to focus on summer so much that the garden can fade
during the fall and not live up to its full potential.(许多园丁似乎过于关注夏天，以至于花园在
秋天就会褪色，无法充分发挥其潜力。)”和下文的段落小标题可知，上文提出一些园丁遇
到的问题，下文提出建议来解决问题，空处承上启下，C项中的“these gardeners”和上文中
的“many gardeners”对应。C项：To help these gardeners, here are some tips for a great fall
garden.(为了帮助这些园丁，这里有一些关于美丽秋季花园的建议。)符合语境。故选C。
32．根据段落小标题“Grow annual crops in fall.(在秋天种植一年生作物。)”可知，空处承
接上文，指出应该在什么条件下种植一年生的作物，G项中的“grow year-round”和上文
“Grow annual crops”对应。G项：In cooler gardens, it is possible to grow year-round if you
create an undercover growing area.(在较凉爽的花园中，如果你在地下种植区域种植，它就可
以全年生长。)符合语境。故选G。
33．根据上文“When you switch from summer growing to year-round growing, you willbeamazed by how much more you are able to grow and by the abundance of your yields. By
growing the right crops at the right times, your garden can be incredibly productive.(当你从夏季
种植转变为全年种植时，你会惊讶于你能种植的更多，你的产量也会很丰富。在正确的时
间种植正确的作物，你的花园会非常多产。)”可知，本段强调要注意植物的多样化，A项
中的“diverse”和上文的“productive”对应。A项：Choose native plants for a diverse fall
garden.(选择本地植物来打造一个多样化的秋季花园。)符合语境。故选A。
34．根据上文“When trees drop their colorful leaves, creating a great fall garden means making
the most of those leaves as a resource to keep your garden looking good. To make the most of fall
leaves, you can use them to protect the soil and overwintering plants, to enrich the soil and fill
planters or containers.(当树木掉落五颜六色的叶子时，创造一个伟大的秋季花园意味着充分
利用这些叶子作为资源，让你的花园看起来很好。为了充分利用落叶，你可以用它们来保
护土壤和越冬植物，肥沃土壤，填充花盆或容器。)”可知，上文讲述了要利用好秋天多彩
的落叶，空处承接上文，继续说明落叶的用处。F项：You can even take on some arts and
crafts projects to enjoy their colors and shapes.(你甚至可以参加一些艺术和工艺项目，享受它
们的颜色和形状。)符合语境。故选F。
35．根据下文“Covered seating areas, garden buildings, outdoor heat sources and perhaps
outdoor lighting can help you enjoy your garden as much in the fall as you do in the summer.(有
顶棚的座位区、花园建筑、室外热源，或许还有室外照明，都能让你在秋天和夏天一样享
受花园的乐趣。)”可知，下文主要举例说明，如何在秋天享受花园的空间，空处强调在凉
爽的季节也要充分享受花园的空间。E项：You can take steps to ensure you can fully enjoy
the space in cooler seasons.(你可以采取措施确保在凉爽的季节你能充分享受这个空间。)符
合语境。故选E。
（2024·江苏·二模）If you are trying to assess a person’s character, make sure you do not
rely too heavily on factors that can be misleading. Instead, observe the individual’s ability to tell
the truth and to commit. 36
You can tell a lot about a person’s character by observing how he treats other people. 37
It may be difficult to determine how he treats different types of people if you only encounter him
in a single environment, such as the workplace. It is often possible, however, to get some idea of
his manner of interaction with different types of people through conversation with him.
Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character. The attitude a person has
试卷第16页，共3页about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is. 38 To some degree the types of
lies he may tell and his motives for doing so matter.
39 The word “commitment” often causes people to instantly think of close
relationships. Whether a person can respect the vows (誓约) and agreements is usually an
indication of character.
A person’s character is affected by his attitude. 40 Attitude can affect many aspects
of a person’s life, including how hard he works and his ability to be supportive of others.
When you are trying to assess someone’s character, remember that it consists of qualities
and habits that form his identity.
A．More importantly, it’s necessary to continue his inner struggle.
B．The level of commitment indicates the type of character he has.
C．There are many other things in life that may require commitment.
D．This includes both people he knows and people he does not know.
E．Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts his life.
F．Observe the person’s conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies.
G．Some people generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in
difficult situations.
【答案】36．E 37．D 38．F 39．B 40．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了如何评估一个人的性格，给出了具体的方法
和建议。
36．根据前文“If you are trying to assess a person’s character, make sure you do not rely too
heavily on factors that can be misleading. Instead, observe the individual’s ability to tell the truth
and to commit.(如果你试图评估一个人的性格，确保你不要过于依赖可能会误导人的因素。
相反，观察一个人说真话和承诺的能力)”可知，此处在讲述应该通过哪些方面去评估一个
人的性格，所以E项“Also, pay attention to his attitude and try to distinguish how it impacts
his life.(同时，注意他的态度，并试着区分它是如何影响他的生活的)”符合此处主题，承接
上文，讲述通过他的态度去评估一个人的性格。故选E项。
37．根据前文“You can tell a lot about a person’s character by observing how he treats other
people.(你可以通过观察一个人如何对待别人来了解他的性格)”可知，D项“This includesboth people he knows and people he does not know.(这包括他认识的人和他不认识的人)”是对
前句提及的“别人”的详细补充，符合文意。故选D项。
38．根据前文“Whether or not a person is honest says a lot about his character. The attitude a
person has about honesty can also indicate what type of person he is.(一个人是否诚实在很大程
度上反映了他的性格。一个人对诚实的态度也可以表明他是什么类型的人)”可知，本段主
要讲述了通过观察一个人是否诚实来评估他的性格，所以F项“Observe the person’s
conversations and try to determine how often he tells lies.(观察这个人的谈话，试着确定他说谎
的频率)”符合本段主题。故选F项。
39．分析设空处，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“The word “commitment” often
causes people to instantly think of close relationships. Whether a person can respect the vows (誓
约) and agreements is usually an indication of character.(“承诺”这个词通常会让人们立刻联想
到亲密的关系。一个人是否能尊重誓言和协议通常是一个人性格的标志)”可知，本段主要
讲述通过观察一个人是否能遵守承诺来评估一个人的性格，所以B项“The level of
commitment indicates the type of character he has.(承诺的程度表明了他的性格类型)”符合本段
主题，其中commitment为同词复现。故选B项。
40．根据前文“A person’s character is affected by his attitude.(一个人的态度影响他的性格)”
可知，本段主要讲述一个人对事物的态度会影响他的性格，所以G项“Some people
generally have a negative outlook while others may try to be positive even in difficult situations.
(有些人通常持消极态度，而有些人即使在困难的情况下也会努力保持积极态度)”是对前文
的详细解释，符合文意。故选G项。
Part3人与社会
（2024·吉林长春·模拟预测）If you search the internet these days, you’ll likely run across
some strange-looking, yet cheerful cartoon characters. These computer-generated people have
small heads and exaggerated bodies. 41 The happy figures are often moving or doing
something creative.
In 2017 Facebook paid a design team to develop a positive illustration system. 42
She worked to show human connection, motion, energy and joy in her drawings. She wanted to
portray that sense of joy people feel when they’re sharing things together. The name which was
given to the new art form when it was completed was very appropriate. They named it Alegria,
试卷第18页，共3页which means joy in Spanish.
Why did Alegria art become popular so quickly? There are many reasons. As websites
depended on illustrations to fill space, Alegria-type art became increasingly useful. 43
By comparison, more detailed art designs require extra time, skill and money to produce.
Businesses also love the fact that Alegria’s characters celebrate diversity by featuring international
cultural events. The illustrations convey good feelings. Those feelings help people believe they
can trust the companies that feature them on their pages.
44 These people think companies like Facebook have simply prepared over their
problems with positive images. They’ve failed to address their real problems or make lasting
changes.
For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents happiness. From
children hugging to couples dancing, the images are all about positive energy. 45
A．The style is flat, simple and easy to create.
B．For some consumers, though, that’s a problem.
C．One of the designers took that message to heart.
D．For the netizens, Alegria helps build trust on the big companies.
E．No wonder Alegria is now the most popular style of illustrations for books.
F．All in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name for this playful, fun art style.
G．They’re created in bold colors with arms and legs that resemble giant wet noodles.
【答案】41．G 42．C 43．A 44．B 45．F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了阿莱格里亚艺术风格作品。
41．根据上文“These computer-generated people have small heads and exaggerated bodies.”
（这些电脑生成的人物头很小，身体夸张。）提到电脑生成的人物形状很奇特。结合选项
G项They’re created in bold colors with arms and legs that resemble giant wet noodles.（它们以
大胆的颜色创作，手臂和腿像巨大的湿面条。）可知，和上文意思紧密连接，为对上文内
容的语意递进，符合语境。故选G项。
42．根据上文“In 2017 Facebook paid a design team to develop a positive illustration
system.”（2017年，Facebook雇佣了一个设计团队来开发一个正面插图系统。）提到
Facebook雇佣了一个设计团队。以及下文“She worked to show human connection, motion,energy and joy in her drawings.”（她致力于在她的绘画中表现人类的联系、运动、能量和快
乐。）结合选项C项One of the designers took that message to heart.（其中一位设计师牢记了
这一信息。）可知，起到上下文的承上启下作用，该句中的One of the designers指的就是
下文中的She，上下文紧密连接。故选C项。
43．根据上文“As websites depended on illustrations to fill space, Alegria-type art became
increasingly useful.”（由于网站依赖插图来填充空间，阿莱格里亚式的艺术变得越来越有
用。）提到阿莱格里亚式的艺术变得越来越有用。以及下文“By comparison, more detailed
art designs require extra time, skill and money to produce.”（相比之下，更详细的艺术设计需
要额外的时间，技能和金钱来制作。）说明详细的艺术设计需要额外的时间，技能和金钱。
结合选项A项The style is flat, simple and easy to create.（风格扁平，简单，易于创作。）可
知，承接上文内容，为对上文内容的语意递进，同时引起下文，和下文提到的内容作对比，
上下文语意连贯。故选A项。
44．根据下文“These people think companies like Facebook have simply prepared over their
problems with positive images.”（这些人认为像Facebook这样的公司只是用积极的形象来解
决他们的问题。）说明问题的实际情况。结合选项B项For some consumers, though, that’s a
problem.（不过，对一些消费者来说，这是个问题。）可知，和下文内容紧密连接，下文
是对空格处内容的语意递进，符合语境。故选B项。
45．根据上文“For many, however, Alegria is a nice visual language that represents
happiness. From children hugging to couples dancing, the images are all about positive
energy.”（然而，对许多人来说，阿莱格里亚是一种很好的视觉语言，代表着幸福。从孩子
们的拥抱到情侣们的舞蹈，这些照片都是关于正能量的。）说明阿莱格里亚式的艺术的优
点。结合选项F项All in all, it seems that Alegria is the perfect name for this playful, fun art
style.（总而言之，阿莱格里亚似乎是这种有趣的艺术风格的完美名字。）可知，上下文意
思一致，为总结该段内容。故选F项。
（2024·浙江·二模）Everyone knows memory fails as you age. 46 Short-term
memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, which is easily disturbed or disrupted. It
depends on your actively paying attention to the items that are in the “next thing to do” file in your
mind. Our ability of the short-term memory declines slightly with every decade after 30.
47 Some aspects of memory actually get better as we age. For instance, our
ability to extract patterns, regularities and to make accurate predictions improves over time
试卷第20页，共3页because we’ve had more experience. 48
So, how do we account for our subjective experience that older adults seem to struggle with
words and names? 49 Our brain capacity to deal with information and data does suffer
with the ageing process. But given a little more time, older adults perform just fine.
Then, older adults have to search through more memories than younger adults to find the
target information. Your brain becomes crowded with memories and information. 50
It’s just that there is so much more information to sort through. And experiencing new things is
the best way to keep the mind young.
A．But everyone is wrong.
B．It’s not that you can’t remember.
C．Obviously, our memories get crowded as we grow older.
D．But age is not the major factor so commonly assumed.
E．First, there is a generalized cognitive slowing with age.
F．For example, a senior soccer player always outperforms a green hand.
G．If you’re going to get an X-ray, you want a 70-year-old radiologist, not a 30-year-old one.
【答案】46．A 47．D 48．G 49．E 50．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探究人的记忆力与年龄之间的关系，分析得出人的记忆
不一定随着年龄增长而衰退，并解释现象背后的原因。
46．由上文“Everyone knows memory fails as you age. (每个人都知道，随着年龄的增长，记
忆力会衰退。)”可知，这句话提出了一个普遍认知，即随着年龄增长记忆力会衰退，由后
文“Short-term memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, which is easily
disturbed or disrupted. It depends on your actively paying attention to the items that are in the
“next thing to do” file in your mind. (短期记忆包含了你现在的想法，它很容易被干扰或破坏。
这取决于你积极地关注那些在你脑海中“下一件事要做”文件中的项目。)”可知，前文的
这种说法会被否定或修正，故A选项“But everyone is wrong. (但每个人都错了。)”适合作
为对这一普遍观点的反驳，能承上启下，符合题意。故选A。
47．由上文“Short-term memory contains the contents of your thoughts right now, which is
easily disturbed or disrupted. (短期记忆包含了你现在的想法，它很容易被干扰或破坏。)”可
知，讲述了短期记忆的特点及其随年龄增长的轻微下降，下文应转而讲述记忆的另一面，即并非所有记忆都随年龄衰退，故D选项“But age is not the major factor so commonly
assumed. (但年龄并不是人们普遍认为的主要因素)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选D。
48．由上文“For instance, our ability to extract patterns, regularities and to make accurate
predictions improves over time because we’ve had more experience. (例如，我们提取模式、规
律和做出准确预测的能力随着时间的推移而提高，因为我们有了更多的经验。)”可知，提
到了随年龄增长，我们提取模式、规律及做出准确预测的能力会提升，这里需要一个具体
例子来支撑这个观点，故G选项“If you’re going to get an X-ray, you want a 70-year-old
radiologist, not a 30-year-old one. (如果你要做X光检查，你需要70岁的放射科医生，而不
是30岁的。)”通过实例说明了经验丰富的老医生更受欢迎，能承接上文，符合题意。故选
G。
49．由上文“So, how do we account for our subjective experience that older adults seem to
struggle with words and names? (那么，我们如何解释老年人似乎在单词和名字上挣扎的主观
体验呢？)”可知，这里询问为何老年人在语言和命名上似乎有困难，下文应提供解释，故
E选项“First, there is a generalized cognitive slowing with age. (首先，随着年龄的增长，认知
能力普遍放缓。)”能承接上文，给出了一个可能的原因，即认知速度的减缓，符合题意。
故选E。
50．由上文“Then, older adults have to search through more memories than younger adults to
find the target information. Your brain becomes crowded with memories and information. (然后，
老年人必须比年轻人搜索更多的记忆来找到目标信息。你的大脑充满了记忆和信息。)”可
知，上文描述了随着年龄增长，大脑中累积的记忆和信息增多，接下来应该进一步解释这
种现象，由后文“It’s just that there is so much more information to sort through. And
experiencing new things is the best way to keep the mind young. (只是有太多的信息需要整理。
体验新鲜事物是保持思维年轻的最好方法。)”可知，这种现象不是因为人们记不住了，故
B选项“It’s not that you can’t remember. (并不是你记不住了。)”能承上启下，符合题意。故
选B。
（2024·湖北十堰·二模）Having a regular dentist check up is as essential for ensuring
healthy teeth and gums (牙龈) as regular brushing and flossing. Here’s why you should make the
trip.
Prevention is better than cure. Regular dental check-ups are recommended to maintain
healthy teeth and gums. 51 Your dentist will advise you on what’s right for you. The
试卷第22页，共3页aim of a check-up is to nip any problems in the bud, before you experience pain, lose teeth or have
other health problems.
You’ve had a new medical diagnosis. 52 For example, high blood sugar levels in
saliva caused by diabetes favour bacteria which can cause cavities (蛀牙). Some medications can
cause oral problems ranging from dry mouth to stained teeth.
53 More and more adults are having orthodontic (正畸) treatment to straighten their
teeth. Not only does it make a huge difference to your smile, it can also prevent gum disease,
which is more likely to take hold if you struggle to clean crooked teeth.
You’ve got bad breath. Halitosis (口臭) is embarrassing and can sometimes leave a nasty
taste in your mouth. You might have a hole in your tooth, an infection or gum disease. 54
Your family and friends will thank you for it.
Check for cancer. Dentists don’t just look for cavities and unhealthy gums. They can also
spot mouth cancer and refer patients to hospital to see a specialist. Cases have risen by 34 per cent
in the past decade, according to the Oral Health Foundation. 55
A．You want to improve your confidence.
B．You think it is time to have some changes.
C．However, early diagnosis can save your life.
D．Certain conditions can affect your oral health.
E．You might just be brushing too enthusiastically.
F．It varies from three months to two years depending on your oral health.
G．Your dentist can give you tips on freshening your breath more effectively.
【答案】51．F 52．D 53．A 54．G 55．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是应该定期看牙医的原因。
51．根据空前的“Regular dental check-ups are recommended to maintain healthy teeth and
gums.(建议定期进行牙齿检查，以保持牙齿和牙龈健康)”可知，此处讲述的是建议定期检查
牙齿，结合空后的“Your dentist will advise you on what’s right for you.(你的牙医会告诉你什
么适合你)”可知，牙医会根据检查的情况告诉你适合做些什么，由此可知，此空处讲述的
定期检查的情况，F选项“It varies from three months to two years depending on your oral
health.(根据你的口腔健康状况，从三个月到两年不等)”讲述的是定期检查牙齿的时间是根据口腔健康情况而定，it指代的为空前的“定期检查牙齿”，且与空后的内容衔接。故选F
项。
52．根据空后的“For example, high blood sugar levels in saliva caused by diabetes favour
bacteria which can cause cavities (蛀牙). Some medications can cause oral problems ranging from
dry mouth to stained teeth.(例如，由糖尿病引起的唾液高血糖有利于导致蛀牙的细菌。一些
药物会引起口腔问题，从口干到牙齿染色)”可知，通过举例说明一些疾病情况会影响口腔
健康，D选项“Certain conditions can affect your oral health.(某些情况会影响你的口腔健康)”
讲述的内容与空后举例内容一致，定期检查牙齿情况，如同进行一次医学诊断，帮助发现
健康问题。故选D项。
53．分析语篇可知，此空应为本段的主题句，根据空后的“More and more adults are having
orthodontic (正畸) treatment to straighten their teeth. Not only does it make a huge difference to
your smile, it can also prevent gum disease, which is more likely to take hold if you struggle to
clean crooked teeth.(越来越多的成年人正在接受正畸治疗来矫正牙齿。它不仅能让你的笑容
变得与众不同，还能预防牙龈疾病，如果你努力清洁弯曲的牙齿，牙龈疾病更有可能发
生)”可知，很多年轻人进行正畸治疗矫正牙齿，这样会使得笑容与众不同，还能预防牙齿
疾病，A选项“You want to improve your confidence.(你想提高你的信心)”讲述的内容是定期
看牙医，矫正牙齿能够提升信心，与本段内容吻合，概括了本段的主题。故选A项。
54．根据本段的主题句“You’ve got bad breath.(你有口臭)”可知，本段讲述的是口臭是来看
牙医的理由，结合空前的“Halitosis (口臭) is embarrassing and can sometimes leave a nasty
taste in your mouth. You might have a hole in your tooth, an infection or gum disease.(口臭是令
人尴尬的，有时会在你的嘴里留下难闻的味道。你的牙齿可能有洞、感染或牙龈疾病)”可
知，口臭会让人尴尬，去看牙医，医生会给出一些相应的治疗建议，G选项“Your dentist
can give you tips on freshening your breath more effectively.(牙医可以给你一些更有效清新口
气的建议。)”讲述的内容与空前内容吻合，其中的“freshening your breath”与本段的主题
“You’ve got bad breath.”呼应。故选G项。
55．根据主题句“Check for cancer.(检查癌症)”可知，检查癌症也是去看牙医进行口腔检查
的一个原因，结合空前的“They can also spot mouth cancer and refer patients to hospital to see
a specialist. Cases have risen by 34 per cent in the past decade, according to the Oral Health
Foundation.(他们还可以发现口腔癌，并把病人转到医院去看专家。口腔健康基金会(Oral
Health Foundation)的数据显示，在过去10年里，此类病例增加了34%)”可知，牙医可以检
试卷第24页，共3页查出口腔癌，而且空腔健康基金会的数据显示这类疾病病例在增加，C选项“However,
early diagnosis can save your life.(然而，早期诊断可以挽救你的生命)”可知，早期诊断可以
挽救生命，其中的however与空前内容构成转折关系，符合逻辑。故选C项。
（2024·河北·二模）Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create
real connections with others just by listening and talking. The following are four habits of super
communicators.
They know what kind of conversation they’re having. Super communicators are usually
able to respond accordingly. If you’re having a practical conversation, your friend might ask you
to help make hard decisions. 56 If your friend is just expressing his feelings, you just need
to be a good listener.
They prove they’re listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you’re listening, like
making eye contact or nodding. To do that, experts suggest a technique called “cycle for
understanding”. Ask a question and listen to the response. Repeat what they just told you. Ask
your conversation partner if you got what they said correct. 57
They ask a lot of the right questions. Research shows that highly effective communicators
tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else. They may simply be follow-up
questions like “What happened next?”. Super communicators also ask questions that get people to
open up. 58 They ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for
emotional connection.
59 The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait
for their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their
own views accordingly. The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both
parties can benefit from. 60
A．They aim to understand.
B．Experts call them “deep questions”.
C．They are persuasive communicators.
D．The decisions should be easy to carry out.
E．This practice sounds simple but is powerful.
F．Then you should be ready to give good advice.
G．And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.【答案】56．F 57．E 58．B 59．A 60．G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一些超级沟通者常用的沟通技巧。
56．根据下文“If your friend is just expressing his feelings, you just need to be a good listener.
(如果你的朋友只是在表达他的感受，你只需要做一个好的倾听者)”可知，当朋友只是表达
感受时，我们只需要倾听。结合空处上文“ If you’re having a practical conversation, your
friend might ask you to help make hard decisions.(如果你正在进行一场实际的对话，你的朋友
可能会让你帮忙做一些艰难的决定)”可知，如果朋友拿不定主意时，超级沟通者会给出建
议。F项“Then you should be ready to give good advice.(那么你应该准备好给出好的建议)”
符合语境，advice呼应上文hard decision。故选F。
57．空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Ask a question and listen to the response.
Repeat what they just told you. Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct.(问
一个问题，然后听回答。重复他们刚刚告诉你的话。问问你的对话伙伴，你是否明白了他
们所说的)”可知，超级沟通者通过“提问、重复、再提问确定”的方法来证明自己在倾听
别人的话。E项“This practice sounds simple but is powerful.(这种做法听起来很简单，但却
很有效)”与上文承接自然，this practice指代上文提到的那种方法——提问、重复、再提问
确定。故选E。
58．根据上文“They may simply be follow-up questions like “What happened next?” . Super
communicators also ask questions that get people to open up.(它们可能只是一些后续问题，比
如“接下来发生了什么?”。超级沟通者也会问一些问题，让人们敞开心扉)”和下文“They
ask about people’s values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connection.(他
们询问人们的价值观或经历，并创造一个情感联系的机会)”可知，超级沟通者先问一些比
较简单的问题，后来询问一些让人敞开心扉和创造情感联系的问题，由此可知，问题变得
深入了。B项“Experts call them “deep questions”.(专家称其为“深度问题”)”符合语境，
them指代上文“questions that get people to open up”。故选B。
59．根据下文“The goal of a discussion isn’t to impress someone, convince someone or wait for
their turn to speak. It’s to genuinely comprehend someone else’s point of view and share their own
views accordingly. (讨论的目的不是为了给某人留下深刻印象，说服某人或等着轮到他们说
话。它是真正理解别人的观点，并据此分享自己的观点)”可知，讨论的目的是为了理解别
人的观点，并分享自己的想法，即讨论是为了理解。由此可知，超级沟通者对话的目的是
试卷第26页，共3页理解。A项“They aim to understand.(他们的目标是理解)”符合题意。故选A。
60．空处位于段末应承接上文。根据上文“The right response creates an atmosphere of trust
and openness that both parties can benefit from.(正确的回应会创造一种信任和开放的氛围，双
方都能从中受益)”可知，通过正确的回应，可以创造信任和开放的氛围，能让对话双方受
益，这是谈话的神奇之处。G项“And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen.
(这是最神奇的事情了)”符合题意，与上文承接自然。故选G。
Part4人与自然
（2024·山东·模拟预测）Shop Sustainably
If you have to name one thing that contributes most to your ecological footprints, you may
say the energy you use at home, or your car’s emissions. 61 Knowing this can make your
grocery shops more planet-friendly. Here is what you can do to help shop sustainably.
● 62 Using those is a great first step. If you get some, do remember to fill them with
your purchases. When you adapt yourself to reusing them, then you’ll cut your consumption of
single-use plastic bags even further.
●Avoid unnecessary packing. Buy loose fruit and vegetables instead of pre-packaged
produce, and avoid products that contain multiple single packages or double packaging, like grain
in a box and a bag. Consider switching from tea bags and coffee pods to tea leaves and ground
coffee. 63
●Go organic when you can. In addition to the benefit organic farming has to insect
biodiversity, it’s also considered more sustainable and better for the environment. 64
Choosing free-range or Marine Stewardship Council-certified products also encourages
environment- and animal-friendly food production.
●Buy seasonal and native products. 65 So you can avoid buying goods that have
travelled long distances to reach your plate. As well as opting for local goods, depending on where
you live, in the supermarket, you can also buy directly from the source at farmers’ markets.
A．Take reusable grocery bags.
B．Select single-use plastic bags.
C．It supports local farmers and food producers.
D．You can also refill your own containers with loose-packed food.
E．When buying organic products, look for those officially certified.F．But it’s what we eat that accounts for up to 60% of our personal demand.
G．You’ll find it convenient whenever you buy tea or coffee in the supermarket.
【答案】61．F 62．A 63．D 64．E 65．C
【导语】本文是说明文。介绍如何在购物时做出更可持续和环保的选择，从而减少对环境
的影响。
61．根据前文“If you have to name one thing that contributes most to your ecological footprints,
you may say the energy you use at home, or your car’s emissions.(如果你必须说出一个对你的
生态足迹贡献最大的东西，你可能会说你在家使用的能源，或者你汽车的排放)”以及后文
“Knowing this can make your grocery shops more planet-friendly. Here is what you can do to
help shop sustainably.(了解这一点可以让你的杂货店对地球更友好。以下是你可以做的事情
来帮助可持续购物)”可知，后文提到“了解这一点”，前文没有提到，所以应是空处提及，
且和杂货店有关，所以F项“But it’s what we eat that accounts for up to 60% of our personal
demand.(但我们吃的东西占了我们个人需求的60%)”符合文意，和前文构成转折关系，并
且提出一个和杂货店有关的观点。故选F项。
62．分析设空，位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“Using those is a great first step. If you
get some, do remember to fill them with your purchases. When you adapt yourself to reusing
them, then you’ll cut your consumption of single-use plastic bags even further.(使用这些工具是
很好的第一步。如果你买了一些，记得把你买的东西填满。当你习惯重复使用它们时，你
就会进一步减少一次性塑料袋的消耗)”可知，此处讲述的使用可重复使用的购物袋，所以
A项“Take reusable grocery bags.(使用可重复使用的购物袋)”符合文意。故选A项。
63．分析设空，位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“Avoid unnecessary packing. Buy
loose fruit and vegetables instead of pre-packaged produce, and avoid products that contain
multiple single packages or double packaging, like grain in a box and a bag. Consider switching
from tea bags and coffee pods to tea leaves and ground coffee.(避免不必要的包装。购买散装的
水果和蔬菜，而不是预先包装好的农产品，避免含有多个单包装或双包装的产品，如盒子
和袋子中的谷物。考虑把茶包和咖啡豆荚换成茶叶和咖啡粉)”可知，本段主要讲述与减少
包装、环保购物相关的建议，所以D项“You can also refill your own containers with loose-
packed food.(你也可以用自己的容器重新装满散装食品)”符合文意，是对前文的总结。故选
试卷第28页，共3页D项。
64．根据前文“Go organic when you can. In addition to the benefit organic farming has to insect
biodiversity, it’s also considered more sustainable and better for the environment.(尽可能食用有
机食品。除了有机农业对昆虫生物多样性的好处外，它还被认为更具可持续性，对环境更
好)”可知，本段主要讲述了尽可能食用有机食品，所以E项“When buying organic products,
look for those officially certified.(购买有机产品时，寻找那些官方认证的产品)”符合本段主题，
且和下文“Choosing free-range or Marine Stewardship Council-certified products also
encourages environment- and animal-friendly food production.(选择自由放养或海洋管理委员会
认证的产品也鼓励环境和动物友好的食品生产)”构成顺承关系。故选E项。
65．根据前文“Buy seasonal and native products.(购买时令产品和土特产)”以及后文“So you
can avoid buying goods that have travelled long distances to reach your plate.(这样你就可以避免
购买经过长途跋涉才到达你盘子里的食物)”可知，C项“It supports local farmers and food
producers.(它支持当地农民和食品生产商)”是对前句的进一步解释，且和后文构成因果关系。
故选C项。
（2024·重庆九龙坡·二模）Plogging is a great way to make your little area of the world a little
cleaner, brighter, and safer while boosting your own health, fitness, and mood. This up and
coming environmental activity began in Sweden in 2016. 66 . It is quite a common
scene across other European countries, as well as the United States, Mexico, and other
areas.Definition of plogging
67 . It is a term made by combining “jogging” with “plocka upp,” which is Swedish for
“pick up.” Therefore, the plogging definition is an emerging fitness that involves picking up litter
or trash while you run.Benefits of plogging
Because plogging typically involves jogging or running, there are many health benefits to this eco-
friendly fitness trend. However, the benefits extend beyond just improving heart health. 68
. First, it improves mood and makes you feel good about yourself. What’s more, it gives back to
your community and connects you online and builds social connections with other ploggers.How
to get started
Before you start, you’ll need to outfit yourself with the right gear to get the job done. If
you’re already running or jogging, you should have a good pair of running shoes and running
apparel (装备). 69 . Otherwise, broken glass and sharp and dirty litter items you maypick up will hurt you. A trash bag of some sort for collecting what you pick up is a must as well.
70
Theoretically, you can go plogging almost anywhere you have permission to be. Depending
on where you live, you may encounter trash along the side of the roads, parks, school playgrounds,
trails, parking lots, town squares and bike paths.
A．How to do plogging
B．Where to go plogging
C．It has since spread around the world
D．Here are some of the top benefits of plogging
E．It’s important that you have the right footwear
F．Beyond that, you’ll need a good pair of gloves to protect your hands
G．Plogging is not, in fact, a compound word of “plodding” and “jogging”
【答案】66．C 67．G 68．D 69．F 70．B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了ploggging（跑步捡垃圾）这项环保活动的情况。
66．根据上文“Plogging is a great way to make your little area of the world a little cleaner,
brighter, and safer while boosting your own health, fitness, and mood. This up and coming
environmental activity began in Sweden in 2016.(Plogging是一个很好的方法，可以让你的小
区域变得更干净，更明亮，更安全，同时促进你自己的健康，健身和情绪。这项即将到来
的环保活动于2016年在瑞典开始)”后文“It is quite a common scene across other European
countries, as well as the United States, Mexico, and other areas.(在欧洲其他国家，以及美国、
墨西哥和其他地区，这是一个相当常见的场景)”可知，后文提到了Plogging活动在世界各
地都很常见，说明传播到了世界各地。故C选项“它已经传播到世界各地”符合语境，故
选C。
67．根据后文“It is a term made by combining “jogging” with “plocka upp,” which is Swedish
for “pick up.” Therefore, the plogging definition is an emerging fitness that involves picking up
litter or trash while you run.(这个词是由“慢跑”和“plocka upp”组合而成的，“plocka upp”
是瑞典语的“捡起来”。因此，plogging的定义是一种新兴的健身方式，包括一边跑步一
边捡垃圾)”可知，本句主要是在解释plogging这个单词的构成以及定义，故G选项“事实
上，Plogging并不是“plodding”和“慢跑”的合成词”符合语境，故选G。
试卷第30页，共3页68．根据后文“First, it improves mood and makes you feel good about yourself. What’s more, it
gives back to your community and connects you online and builds social connections with other
ploggers.(首先，它能改善情绪，让你自我感觉良好。更重要的是，它回馈了你的社区，连
接了你的网络，并与其他博客建立了社会联系)”可知，本句主要引出后文，说明ploggging
的好处。故D选项“以下是ploggging的一些最大好处”符合语境，故选D。
69．根据后文“Otherwise, broken glass and sharp and dirty litter items you may pick up will
hurt you.(否则，你可能捡起的碎玻璃和尖锐的脏垃圾会伤害到你)”可知，本句主要是说明
如何不被碎玻璃和尖锐的脏垃圾伤害的保护措施。故F选项“除此之外，你还需要一副好
的手套来保护你的手”符合语境，故选F。
70．根据本段内容“Theoretically, you can go plogging almost anywhere you have permission
to be. Depending on where you live, you may encounter trash along the side of the roads, parks,
school playgrounds, trails, parking lots, town squares and bike paths.(理论上讲，你几乎可以去
任何你允许去的地方。根据你住的地方不同，你可能会在路边、公园、学校操场、小路、
停车场、城镇广场和自行车道边遇到垃圾)”可知，本段主要介绍了可以进行ploggging活动
的地点。故B选项“去哪里跑步捡垃圾”符合语境，故选B。
（2024·湖北·三模）People have always believed that nature is good for health and
happiness. According to scientific studies, being in nature makes people less stressed. In a recent
experiment in Japan, one group of people were asked to walk through a forest while another group
had to walk through a busy city. 71 . However, researchers found that after the walks,
the people who had walked in the forest had better moods, less anxiety and even lower blood
pressure. So the experiment showed that it was being in nature that helped people feel less
stressed, not just the walk.
Gregory Bratman from Stanford University in the United States found in experiments that a
walk in nature could have important cognitive (认知) benefits, improving a person’s memory and
creativity. 72 . Teachers find that when children are enjoying the natural world, their
awareness and creativity are improved, along with their reasoning and observational skills.
Why does being in nature bring so many benefits for us? 73 , so we have an
instinctive (本能的) love for it. Even just looking out of the window at a beautiful tree can help us
feel less stressed.
Scientists also think that being in nature helps our brain recover from a lot of activities thatwe usually do during the day such as working on math problems or using our cell phone. 74
— putting all our attention into one thing, which can make us feel tired. But when we are outside,
we use undirected attention. We see an interesting cloud or a beautiful flower, and our attention
moves quickly and easily from one thing to another. So being in nature gives our brains the chance
to rest.
75 . For many of us, nature is something we can enjoy just by walking out of our
door. So enjoy the nature around you!
A．The walks were equally long and hard
B．Regular workouts are surprisingly helpful
C．One idea is that human beings come from nature
D．Nature’s benefits have been scientifically confirmed
E．In these activities, we use a lot of directed attention
F．Being in nature increases people’s mental health as well
G．We can see this in schools where outdoor learning has been introduced
【答案】71．A 72．G 73．C 74．E 75．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了走进自然对人的好处，呼吁大家更亲近自然。
71．由上文“In a recent experiment in Japan, one group of people were asked to walk through a
forest while another group had to walk through a busy city. (最近在日本进行的一项实验中，一
组人被要求穿过一片森林，而另一组人则被要求穿过一座繁忙的城市。)”以及下文
“However, researchers found that after the walks, the people who had walked in the forest had
better moods, less anxiety and even lower blood pressure.(然而，研究人员发现，散步后，在森
林里散步的人情绪更好，焦虑更少，甚至血压更低。)”介绍了走路实验的要求以及实验的
发现；A选项“The walks were equally long and hard(路程长度和难度是同样的)”介绍了实验
中两组走路的路程和难度是一致的，与下文构成转折关系，符合语境；选项中的“The
walks”指代上文中两组人的走路实验。故选A。
72．上文“Gregory Bratman from Stanford University in the United States found in experiments
that a walk in nature could have important cognitive (认知) benefits, improving a person’s
memory and creativity.(美国斯坦福大学的格雷戈里·布拉特曼在实验中发现，在大自然中散
步可能对认知有重要的好处，可以提高一个人的记忆力和创造力。)”指出，斯坦福大学的
试卷第32页，共3页格雷戈里·布拉特曼在实验中发现在大自然中散步可以提高一个人的记忆力和创造力；G选
项“We can see this in schools where outdoor learning has been introduced(我们可以在引入户
外学习的学校看到这一点)”为上文观点提供例证，选项中的“this”指代上文中的“could
have important cognitive (认知) benefits, improving a person’s memory and creativity”；下文
“Teachers find that when children are enjoying the natural world, their awareness and creativity
are improved, along with their reasoning and observational skills.(教师们发现，当孩子们享受自
然世界时，他们的意识和创造力得到了提高，推理能力和观察能力也得到了提高。)”承接
G选项，具体阐述引入户外学习有助于提高各种能力。故选G。
73．上文“Why does being in nature bring so many benefits for us? (为什么亲近大自然会给我
们带来这么多好处?)”提出问题：为什么亲近大自然会给我们带来这么多好处?；C选项
“One idea is that human beings come from nature(一种观点认为人类来自自然)”回答了上文提
出的问题，与下文“so we have an instinctive (本能的) love for it.(所以我们对它有一种本能
的爱)”构成因果关系，符合语境。故选C。
74．上文“Scientists also think that being in nature helps our brain recover from a lot of
activities that we usually do during the day such as working on math problems or using our cell
phone.(科学家们还认为，在大自然中可以帮助我们的大脑从我们白天经常做的许多活动中
恢复过来，比如解决数学问题或使用手机。)”指出，科学家们认为，在大自然中可以帮助
我们的大脑从我们白天经常做的许多活动中恢复过来；选项E“In these activities, we use a lot
of directed attention(在这些活动中，我们使用了大量的定向注意力)”承接上文，对上文所说
的活动进行说明，“these activities”指代上文中的“activities that we usually do during the
day”；下文“putting all our attention into one thing, which can make us feel tired(把我们所有的
注意力放在一件事上，这会让我们感到疲倦)”对E选项中的“directed attention(定向注意
力)”以及使用大量的定向注意力所产生的结果进行解释。故选E。
75．设空处是最后一段的首句；在上文中作者通过科学家们的研究发现来证明身处自然有
益身心健康；D选项“Nature’s benefits have been scientifically confirmed(大自然的益处已被
科学证实)”作为一个总结性陈述，概括了上文中讨论的研究成果，强调了大自然对健康有
益已被科学证实；下文“For many of us, nature is something we can enjoy just by walking out
of our door. So enjoy the nature around you! (对我们许多人来说，大自然是我们走出家门就能
享受的东西。所以享受你身边的大自然吧!)”承接上文，指出大自然很容易获得，是走出家
门就能得到的东西，并呼吁大家走进自然。故选D。试卷第34页，共3页
