文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．sex n．性别
2．female adj.女(性)的；雌的 n．雌性动(植)物；女子
3．male adj.男(性)的；雄的 n．雄性动(植)物；男子
4．guy n．小伙子；男人；家伙
5．flash card 教学卡片；识字卡
6．strategy n．策略；策划
7．personality n．性格；个性
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换
2．lecture n．讲座；讲课；教训 vi.(开)讲座；讲课 vt.训斥
3．campus n．校园；校区
4．senior adj.级别(或地位)高的 n．较年长的人
5．outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的
6．experiment n．实验；试验
7．awkward adj.令人尴尬的；难对付的
8．junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的 n．职位较低者；(体育运动中)青少年
9．forward adv.向前；前进 adj.向前的；前进的
10．flash n．光；信号 vi.闪耀；闪光；发出信号 vt.使闪耀；发出(信号)
11．goal n．目标；球门；射门
12．partner n．同伴；配偶；合伙人
13．company n．公司；陪伴
14．style n．方式；作风
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．registration n．登记；注册；挂号→register vt.& vi.登记；注册
2．nationality n．国籍；民族→nation n．国家；民族；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的3．designer n．设计者→design vt.设计；筹划 n．设计；设计方案
4．formal adj.正式的；正规的→formally adv.正式地→informal adj.非正式的
5．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑
6．annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的→annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰→annoying adj.令人恼怒的
→annoyance n．恼怒
7．frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten vt.& vi.(使)害怕；
(使)惊恐
8．impression n．印象；感想→impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象 vi.留下印象；
引人注目→impressive adj.令人印象深刻的
9．concentrate vi.& vt.集中(注意力)；聚精会神→concentration n．集中；专心
10．explore vt.& vi.探索；勘探→exploration n．探索→explorer n．勘探者；探险家
11．confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任
12．organis(z)e vt.组织；筹备；安排；组建 vi.组建；成立→organis(z)ation n．组织；团体；
机构→organis(z)er n．组织者
13．improve vi.& vt.改进；改善→improvement n．提高；改善
14．curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的→curiously adv.好奇地→curiosity n．好奇(心)；求知
欲
15．revise vt.& vi.修改；修订；复习→revision n．修订；复习
1．magnificence /mæɡ'nIfIsns/ n．景色壮观→magnificent /mæɡ'nIfIsnt/ adj.壮丽的；宏伟的；
值得赞扬的
2．bloom /bluːm/ vi.开花；变得健康 n．花；健康有精神的面貌
3．eternal /I'tɜːnl/ adj.永恒的；不朽的；无休止的
4．solitude /'sɒlItjuːd；NAmE'sɑːlətuːd/ n．独处；独居
5．infinite /'InfInət/ adj.无穷尽的；无限的；极大的 n．无限的事物；无穷尽的事物
6．horizon /hə'raIzn/ n．地平线；眼界；范围
7．solitary /'sɒlətri；NAmE'sɑːləteri/ adj.独自的；孤僻的
8．transparent /træns'pærənt/ adj.透明的；清澈的；显而易见的
9．presence /'prezns/ n．存在；出席；在场
10．awaken /ə'weIkən/ vt.唤起；(使)醒来
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．senior high school(美国)高中
2．at last终于；最终
3．make an impression留下好印象
4．concentrate on/upon集中精力于5．leave...alone不打扰；不惊动
6．junior high school(美国)初级中学
7．look forward to盼望；期待
8．take notes记笔记
9．make friends交朋友
10．come out出现，露出
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．What if no one talks to me？(What if...？)
要是没人和我说话怎么办呢？
2．I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.(find＋宾语＋宾补)
我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。
3．...I believe I will make new friends here，and there’s a lot to explore at senior high.(省略
that的宾语从句)
……我相信我在这儿会结交到新朋友，而且高中会有好多东西去探索。
4．Tim writes his parents an email every week and tells them what happened on the ship.(动
词＋双宾语)
蒂姆每周给他的父母写一封电子邮件并且告诉他们船上发生了什么事。
5．There’s always something exciting to do.(不定式作后置定语)
总有一些刺激的事情要做。
6．Studying and doing homework seem much more fun when you are at sea！(动名词短语作
主语)
当你在海上的时候，学习和做作业似乎有趣得多！
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．female adj. 女 ( 性 ) 的；雌的 n． 雌性动 ( 植 ) 物；女子
2．male adj. 男 ( 性 ) 的；雄的 n． 雄性动 ( 植 ) 物；男子
3．guy n．小伙子；男人；家伙
4．strategy n．策略；策划
5．personality n．性格；个性
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换
2．lecture n．讲座；讲课；教训 vi.(开)讲座；讲课 vt.训斥
3．campus n．校园；校区
4．senior adj.级别(或地位)高的 n．较年长的人5．outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的
6．awkward adj.令人尴尬的；难对付的
7．junior adj.地位(或职位、级别)低下的 n．职位较低者；(体育运动中)青少年
8．goal n．目标；球门；射门
9．partner n．同伴；配偶；合伙人
10．company n．公司；陪伴
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
1．registration n．登记；注册；挂号→register vt.& vi.登记；注册
2．nationality n．国籍；民族→nation n．国家；民族；国民→national adj.国家的；民族的
3．formal adj.正式的；正规的→formally adv.正式地→informal adj.非正式的
4．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑
5．frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten vt.使害怕；使惊恐
6．confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidence n．信心；信任
7．revise vt.& vi.修改；修订；复习→revision n．修订；复习
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共6分)
1．magnificence n．景色壮观→magnificent adj.壮丽的；宏伟的；值得赞扬的
2．bloom vi.开花；变得健康 n．花；健康有精神的面貌
3．solitude n．独处；独居
4．horizon n．地平线；眼界；范围
5．presence n．存在；出席；在场
6．awaken vt.唤起；(使)醒来
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．senior high school(美国)高中
2．at last 终于；最终
3．leave...alone 不打扰；不惊动
4．junior high school(美国)初级中学
5．come out 出现，露出
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共20分)
1．It is normal for children to be curious about everything.They will ask many questions
curiously and we should answer them patiently to meet their curiosity.(curious)
2．Facing such an annoying problem，I was quite annoyed and my annoyance was beyond
words.(annoy)
3．The world-famous designer is designing a nursing home for the elderly now.(design)
4．Their impressive performance left me a deep impression.In other words，I was deeplyimpressed by their performance.(impress)
5．The kind-hearted organiser of a social organisation has been organising several charity
activities in the past few months.(organise)
6．My English level got improved and I owed my improvement to my former English teacher.
(improve)
7．The courageous explorers had explored the unfamiliar region and their exploration led to
many new discoveries.(explore)
8．I have been concentrating on my learning and it is my concentration that leads to my success.
(concentrate)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．It is widely acknowledged that taking notes in class is a good way to revise what you have
learnt after class.
2．Concentrating on what your teachers say，you will make steady progress sooner or later.
3．I have been looking forward to being a volunteer so far，so I am writing to apply for the
position.(应用文写作之申请信)
4．Knowing that you have trouble making friends in your new school，I am willing to offer you
some good tips.(应用文写作之建议信)
5．The China-Ireland Culture Festival made an impression on me and the festival entirely held me
in its power.(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．我真诚地希望你可以发现我的建议对你的英语学习有益。(建议信之结束语)(find＋宾语
＋宾补)
I sincerely hope that you can find my proposals beneficial to your English learning.
2．这对双胞胎认为他们的妈妈会非常喜欢他们精心准备的母亲节早餐。(省略that的宾语从
句)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
The twins believed their mother would like the Mother ’ s Day breakfast very much they carefully
prepared.
3．我想给你写封信，告诉你一些下周六要举行的音乐节的相关信息。(动词＋双宾语)
I’d like to write you a letter and tell you some relevant information about the music festival to
be held next Saturday.
4．我认为这是一个很好的到处欣赏美妙的风景和品尝美味食物的机会。(不定式作后置定
语)
I consider it a good chance to enjoy the wonderful scenery and taste the delicious food here and
there.
5．读英文报Youth上的各种各样的文章进一步激发了我学英语的兴趣。(动名词短语作主语)
(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)Reading various articles in the English newspaper Youth further arouses my interest in learning
English.
Max is an exchange student from the UK.The first day，after a welcome speech in the
lecture hall，he went to the registration office 1.with the aim of registering his personal
information，which included name，sex，nationality，email address，etc.He was curious
about everything new on campus，2.whose style of design was very special.There was a lot for
him 3.to explore(explore)．Though he was outgoing，he was quite annoyed because he didn’t
know how to greet others in a formal way.He felt awkward and anxious.And he was
frightened that he would make a bad 4.impression(impress) on others.When doing 5.an
experiment in the school lab at eight a．m.，he almost lost confidence completely，for he
couldn’t perform it wonderfully.After all,6.learning(learn) at senior high school was different
from that in junior high school.What if he fell behind other guys? 7.Fortunately(fortunate)，he
had an amazing female partner who told him to concentrate on the meaning of whole sentences
while listening to the lectures.Another strategy was to take notes and regularly revise 8.what
had been learnt.With the company of the partner，he set a new goal at last.He looked forward
to joining an organisation 9.established(establish) by Student Council to improve
10.himself(he)．He was confident that he would soon adapt to the new school life with the
generous help of both his fellow classmates and teachers.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
exchange n．交换；交流 vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换
·in exchange for作为对……的交换
exchange student交换生
·exchange A for B用A来换取B
exchange sth with sb 和某人交换某物
(1)The frightened girl stepped up to me cautiously，whispering，“Could I exchange some of
the milk for your bread and butter？” Upon this，I willingly gave her half of my portion in
exchange for her milk.(读后续写之动作和语言描写)
(2)最近，学生们就如何在课外学好英语相互交换看法，其结果如下。
(2022·全国乙，书面表达)
Recently，students have exchanged ideas with each other about how to learn English well beyond
the classroom and the results are as follows.
(3)我真诚地邀请所有的交换生加入这个俱乐部，此俱乐部将组织各种各样的活动，如听讲座和练习中国书法。(应用文写作之邀请信)
I sincerely invite all the exchange students to join the club，which will organise various
activities，such as listening to lectures and practicing Chinese calligraphy.
design n．设计(方案)；图案；构思 vt.设计；筹划；构思(designer n．设计者)
·by design＝on purpose故意地
·be designed for sth/sb为……而设计
be designed to do sth为做……而设计；旨在做……；目的是……
(1)What annoyed the female designer(design) was that her partner spoke ill of her latest work
by design.
(2)特殊图案的剪纸被张贴来庆祝春节。(话题写作之传统文化)
Paper cuttings of special designs are put up to celebrate the Spring Festival.
(3)英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为高中生设计的，旨在丰富我们单调的校园生活。
(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are specially designed for senior high school
students and they are designed to enrich our boring campus life.
anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的(anxiously adv.焦虑地 anxiety n．忧虑，担心；
渴望)
·be anxious about/for为……担忧
be anxious to do/that...渴望(做)……
·with anxiety(＝anxiously)焦急地
(1)So anxious about/for his son’s safety that the frightened mother turned to a volunteer
organisation for help.
(2)去年的这个时候，我如坐针毡，正焦急地等待着录取通知书。(读后续写之心理描写)
This time last year I was on pins and needles waiting for the admission letter with
anxiety/anxiously.
(3)大卫渴望参加越野赛，但是他害怕被别人嘲笑，他是如此不安以至于焦急的泪水顺着脸
庞流了下来。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David was anxious to participate in/take part in the cross-country run，but he was afraid of being
laughed at by others.He was so anxious that tears of anxiety rolled down his cheeks.(be anxious to
do；so...that...)
annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的(annoy vt.使恼怒；打扰；使烦恼；使生气 annoying adj.
令人生气的 annoyance n．恼怒)
·be annoyed with sb对某人生气be annoyed about/at sth为某事生气
·It annoys sb that/when/how...……使某人恼怒。
·to one’s annoyance令某人生气的是
(1)My partner’s annoying behavior annoyed me so much that my voice trembled with extreme
annoyance.(annoy)
(2)令我们恼火的是，这家伙因为没有足够的信心，在足球比赛中又丢了一球。
To our annoyance，the guy lost another goal for having no enough confidence in the football
game.
(3)我因为他粗鲁的餐桌礼仪对他感到恼火，他满嘴食物就大声说话使我很恼怒。
I was annoyed with him about/at his rude table manners.It annoyed me that he talked loudly with
his mouth full of food.
frightened adj.惊吓的；害怕的[frighten v．(使)惊吓；(使)惊恐；使害怕 frightening
adj.令人恐惧的；可怕的]
·be frightened of (doing) sth害怕(做)某事
be frightened to do sth 害怕做某事
be frightened to death害怕得要死；非常害怕
·frighten sb into/out of (doing) sth 吓得某人做/不敢做某事
(1)听说你害怕在公共场合做演讲，我非常遗憾。(应用文写作之慰问信)
I am terribly sorry to hear that you are frightened of delivering/are frightened to deliver a lecture
in public.
(2)当我看到一头可怕的熊张着血盆大口时，我害怕得要死。我吓得站在那里，头发都竖起
来了。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
When I saw a frightening bear opening its bloody mouth，I was frightened to death.I was
frightened into standing there，with my hair standing on end.
impress vt.使钦佩；给……留下深刻的好印象；使铭记 vi.留下印象；引人注目
(impression n．印象；感想 impressive adj.给人深刻印象的；令人钦佩的)
·impress sb with sth＝impress sth on/upon sb某事/物给某人留下深刻的好印象；使某人铭
记……
be impressed by/with (某人)对……印象深刻
What impressed sb most was sth/that...让某人印象最为深刻的是……
·leave/make a(n)...impression on sb给某人留下……的印象
(1)What is the most impressive(impress) about Jiuzhaigou National Park is its many multi-level
waterfalls and colorful lakes.(话题写作之旅游景点介绍)(2)The outgoing guy impressed the interviewers with his personality.
→The outgoing guy impressed his personality on/upon the interviewers.
(3)这次活动给我们学生留下了深刻的印象，激发了我们对各种植物的热情。
(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)
The activity made/left a deep impression on us students and aroused the enthusiasm of us for
various plants.
(4)在“中国－爱尔兰文化节”中让我印象最深刻的是文化沙龙，文化沙龙帮助我短暂体验
了这两种文化的多样性和丰富性。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
What impressed me most was culture salon at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival，which helped
me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures.
curious adj.好奇的；求知欲强的(curiously adv.好奇地 curiosity n．好奇心)
·be curious about sth 对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth 好奇地做某事；极想做某事
·with curiosity(＝curiously)好奇地
out of curiosity出于好奇
(1)Out of curiosity(curious)，the little boy peered into the office through the window.(读后续写之
动作描写)
(2)如果你对我们学校的历史感到好奇，你一定不要错过这个黄金机会。(话题写作之学校生
活)
If you are curious about the history of our school，you mustn’t miss the golden opportunity.
(3)听到奇怪的声音，人们都围了过来，好奇地想知道发生了什么。我也停了下来，好奇地
使劲向前看。
Hearing the strange noise，people gathered around，curious to know what was happening.I also
stopped，looking forward hard curiously/with curiosity.
leave...alone 不打扰；不惊动
leave out删掉；漏掉；不理会；忽视
leave...behind遗留；把……甩在后面
leave for动身去(某地)
用leave短语的正确形式填空
(1)“Just mind your own business and leave me alone，” said the guy impatiently.
(2)Take notes，otherwise some important points will be left out.(应用文写作之建议信)
(3)In the five-kilometer cross-country running race，so fast did Sarah run that she soon left the
rest of us behind.(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
(4)Tomorrow we’ll gather at the school gate at 8 a.m. and leave for the campsite together.(应用文写作之活动安排)
look forward to盼望；期待
·look forward to作 “盼望、期待”讲时，to是介词，后跟名词或动词-ing形式。类似短语
还有：
get down to 着手做，pay attention to 注意，date back to起源于，apply oneself to致力于，
contribute to 为……作贡献；有助于，stick to坚持。
·look forward可表示“向前看”，后面跟to do表示目的。
(1)The day he had been looking forward to came(come)—he was finally admitted to his dream
university.
(2)Out of curiosity，I managed to squeeze into the crowd and looked forward to see(see) what
happened.(读后续写之动作描写)
(3)谢谢你考虑我的建议。我期待听到你对此事的看法。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
Thank you for considering my suggestion.I look forward to hearing your thoughts on this matter.
(4)拼车不仅有助于和拼车者建立积极的关系，而且有助于减轻压力。(话题写作之社会现象)
Not only does carpooling help to build up positive relations with the carpoolers，but also it will
contribute to reducing stress.
find＋宾语＋宾语补足语 I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and
helpful.我觉得我的大多数同学和老师都很友好，而且乐于助人。
·find＋宾语＋
温馨提示：该结构中宾语是oneself时，常表示主语“不知不觉发现自己……”。
·find＋it＋adj./n.＋to do(it作形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
(1)The father found his children preparing(prepare) a Mother’s Day breakfast，so he tiptoed into
the kitchen.(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
(2)我发现儿子沉迷于网络游戏，这使我怒火中烧。
I found my son addicted to online games，which made me boil with anger.
(3)随着时间的推移，越来越多的人觉得海洋保护对人类来说是有益的而且是有必要的。
(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
With time going by，more and more people find ocean conservation beneficial and necessary to
human beings.
(4)我发现适应新的学校生活很难，因此我真诚地寻求你慷慨的帮助。(应用文写作之求助信)
I find it difficult to adapt to the new school life，so I sincerely ask for your generous assistance.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．lecture
(1)What makes me angry is that he is always lecturing me about my behavior. C
(2)I feel greatly honored to deliver a lecture which is designed for senior high school students.(应
用文写作之演讲稿) A
(3)As a senior high school student，I know I must stop playing online games—don’t give me a
lecture about it. B
2．senior
(1)It’s important to impress your seniors if you want to be promoted. D
(2)“...And for that to happen，we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it，”
said Peter Kahn，a senior author of the study.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) A
(3)Many experts have given talks here that have focused on the medical care，and the development
of public services for senior citizens.(2022·全国乙) B
(4)Last Sunday，our school held a five-kilometer cross-country running race.All students in
Senior 3 took part in it.(2020·新课标Ⅰ) C
3．awkward
(1)Adult as he is，he is still awkward with chopsticks. C
(2)He is an awkward guy who is always finding fault with others. B
(3)The meeting was at 9 o’clock，which was an awkward time for many people. D
(4)If you’re faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party，the only thing that always gets
everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment.(2021·全国乙) A
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)The football player scored a goal and their team won the match.进球得分
(2)I’m confident we’ll have a wonderful time and enjoy each other’s company.陪伴
(3)Marriages usually break down as a result of the shortcomings of both partners.配偶
(4)To avoid further misunderstanding，we need a brief exchange about the matter.会谈；交谈
(5)In a wired world with constant global communication，we’re all positioned to see flashes of
genius wherever they appear.(2021·全国甲)闪现，出现
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Walking in our new campus，you will find yourself attracted(attract) by the amazing scenery.
2．It was our teacher’s concentration(concentrate) and optimism that impressed us most.(话题
写作之人物描写)
3．On seeing the frightening scene，the junior high school student was so frightened that sheburst out crying.(frighten)
4．Although my elder sister is only senior to me by two years，she always behaves as if she
could organise everything properly.
5．The designer got annoyed(annoy) with his assistant who always made the same mistakes
again and again.
6．If you want to join an organisation(organise)，you should first register your personal
information.
7．We are confident that the mission will improve our understanding of the universe and help
prepare our country for future human exploration(explore) on Mars in the 2030s.
8．The players all have confidence(confident) in their captain and believe that he will lead them to
achieve their goal.
9．My partner shows curiosity(curious) about the people who live upstairs.He is very curious
about everything.
10．I am looking forward to getting(get) your advice on how to improve my oral English.(应用文
写作之求助信)
2022·新课标Ⅰ
假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教Caroline写邮件
邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍；
2.访谈的时间和话题。
完成句子
1．我写信邀请您参加我们学校的节目“Talk and Talk”，这个节目旨在拓宽我们的视野。
(be designed to；定语从句)
2．因为对西方的传统节日充满好奇，我们认为您的访谈一定会有趣且令人愉悦。(curious；
形容词短语作状语；find＋宾语＋宾补)
3．访谈结束后，两名学生代表将和您面对面地交换他们的想法。(exchange...with...)
4．我相信您的访谈会给我们所有学生留下深刻印象。(be confident that；leave a deep
impression on)
5．我们都期待您的参与。如果您能在方便的时候尽快回复，我们将不胜感激。(lookforward to)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear Caroline，
I am writing to invite you to attend our school programme “Talk and Talk”，which is
designed to broaden our horizons.
The talk is scheduled to take place from 6 p．m.to 8 p．m.on June 10，whose focus is
mainly about the traditional Western culture.Curious about the traditional festivals in the West，we
will surely find your talk interesting and enjoyable.After the talk，two student representatives will
exchange their own thoughts with you face to face.I am confident that your talk will leave a deep
impression on all of us students.
All of us are looking forward to your participation.We would appreciate it if you could reply at
your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
[情感描写] anxious；annoyed；frightened；awkward；look forward to；
curious
亮词
[人物描写] male/female；outgoing；make an impression；concentrate on；
confident；partner；personality
1.I am not outgoing so I am a little anxious right now.(情感描写)
2.The class was difficult，but the teacher was kind and friendly...I found most of
my classmates and teachers friendly and helpful.(人物描写)
3.This morning，I was worried that no one would talk to me.But I was wrong.I
美句 didn’t feel awkward or frightened at all.(情感描写)
4.The guy next to me tried to talk to me the whole time.(人物描写)
5.I am an active person and I love sports.(人物描写)
6.I look good，think fast and play hard.(排比修辞)
7.A thousand-mile journey begins with the first step.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：紧张、焦虑panic n．/v.恐慌；unease n．不安；tense adj.紧张的→tension n．紧张；压
力；nervous adj.紧张的→nervousness n．紧张；scare vt.使恐惧；使害怕
单词 →scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.恐怖的；吓人的；terrify vt.使恐惧；恐吓
→terrifying adj.极其可怕的；骇人听闻的→terrified adj.非常害怕的；极度惊恐
的
be on pins and needles如坐针毡；(have) butterflies in one’s stomach忐忑不安；
like ants on a hot pan像热锅上的蚂蚁；be seized/overcome with panic/fear惊慌
失措；one’s heart in one’s mouth 心提到嗓子眼；one’s heart
词块
races/beats/pounds wildly/violently with fear吓得心怦怦跳；pace restlessly up and
down不安地踱来踱去；hands shake手发抖；palms sweat手心出汗；feel
one’s throat tight and one’s mouth dry感到喉咙发紧，嘴发干
1.All students were waiting for their first examination results anxiously，being on
pins and needles.(比喻句)所有学生都焦急地等待着他们第一次考试的结果，如
坐针毡。
2.When he thought that he would be faced with completely new surroundings，a
flood of fear welled up in him.(无灵主语句) 想到他将面临全新的环境，一阵
恐惧涌上了他的心头。
3.I felt so scared/nervous that my throat tightened and my knees weak.我感到
句型 很害怕/紧张，嗓子发紧，膝盖发软。
4.I know he didn’t believe me，and every time he looked my way，my heart
started pounding wildly.我知道他不相信我，每次他朝我看的时候，我的心就
开始狂跳。
5.Her stomach was gripped with anxiety，like a volcano erupting inside her.(比喻
句)她的胃因为焦虑而痉挛，就像一座火山在她体内喷发一样。
6.His heart beat/raced/pounded wildly and his legs trembled.他的心狂跳着，双
腿发抖。
语料运用 学校生活
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写改编)①Having butterflies in our stomachs(分词短语作状语)，
we were all waiting for the announcement of our experiment partner.②I had been looking forward
to a female partner who was outgoing and easy to get along with.To my disappointment，I was
assigned to work with an extremely serious guy who always wore dark clothes and was always not
satisfied with others’ work.Learning that，③a flood of fear welled up in me(无灵主语句)．To
be honest，so frightened was I that ④my throat tightened and my knees trembled uncontrollably
whenever speaking to him.⑤Anxious and nervous(形容词短语作状语)，I had no choice but ⑥to
concentrate on/upon designing our project with him.However，I gradually found he actually had
an amazing personality，⑦which erased my anxiety and panic(定语从句)．I ⑧was confidentthat our efforts would pay off.
我们都在忐忑不安地等待实验伙伴的宣布。我一直期待着一个外向、易于相处的女生搭
档。令我失望的是，我被分配和一个非常严肃的家伙一起工作，他总是穿着深色衣服，总是
对别人的工作不满意。得知这一点，我心中涌起了恐惧。 老实说，我太害怕了，每次和他
说话，喉咙都会发紧，膝盖都会不由自主地颤抖。尽管焦虑又紧张，我别无选择，只好集中
精力和他一起设计我们的项目。然而，我逐渐发现他其实有着极好的个性，这消除了我的焦
虑和恐慌。我相信我们的努力会有回报的。
高考题型组合练
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Throughout all the events in my life，one in particular sticks out more than the others.As I
reflect on this significant event，a smile spreads across my face.As I think of Shanda，I feel loved
and grateful.
It was my twelfth year of dancing，I thought it would end up like any other year：stuck in
emptiness，forgotten and without the belief of any teacher or friend that I really had the potential
to achieve greatness.
However，I met Shanda，a young，talented choreographer(编舞者)．She influenced me to
work to the best of my ability，pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up，encouraged
me and showed me the real importance of dancing.Throughout our hard work，not only did my
ability to dance grow，but my friendship with Shanda grew as well.
With the end of the year came our show time.As I walked to a backstage filled with other
dancers，I hoped for a good performance that would prove my improvement.I waited anxiously for
my turn.Finally，after what seemed like days，the loudspeaker announced my name.Butterflies
filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto the big lighted stage.But，with the determination
to succeed and eagerness to live up to Shanda’s expectations for me，I began to dance.All my
troubles and nerves went away as I danced my whole heart out.
As I walked up to the judge to receive my first-place shining，gold trophy(奖杯)，I realized
that dance is not about becoming the best.It is about loving dance for dance itself，a getaway from
all my problems in the world.Shanda showed me that you could let everything go and just dance
what you feel at that moment.After all the doubts that people had in me，I believed in myself and
did not care what others thought.Thanks to Shanda，dance became more than a love of mine，but
a passion.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在编舞者杉达的帮助下，重燃对舞蹈的热情，最终获得金牌的故事。
1．What did the author think her dancing would be for the twelfth year?
A．A change for the better.
B．A disappointment as before.
C．A proof of her potential.
D．A pride of her teachers and friends.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段“It was my twelfth year of dancing，I thought it would end up
like any other year：stuck in emptiness，forgotten and without the belief of any teacher or friend
that I really had the potential to achieve greatness.”可知，作者认为第十二年她的舞蹈会和以
前一样使人失望。故选B。
2．How did Shanda help the author?
A．By offering her financial help.
B．By entering her in a competition.
C．By coaching her for longer hours.
D．By awakening her passion for dancing.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She influenced me to work to the best of my ability，
pushed me to keep going when I wanted to give up，encouraged me and showed me the real
importance of dancing.”可知，杉达鼓励作者，向作者展示了舞蹈真正的重要性，唤醒了作
者对于舞蹈的热情，以此来帮助作者。故选D。
3．How did the author feel when she stepped on the stage?
A．Proud. B．Nervous.
C．Scared. D．Relieved.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Butterflies filled my stomach as I took trembling steps onto
the big lighted stage.”可知，登上舞台时，作者感到很紧张。“Butterflies in one’s
stomach”为俚语，意为“心里紧张，七上八下”。故选B。
4．What can we learn from the author’s story?
A．Success lies in patience.
B．Fame is a great thirst of the young.
C．A good teacher matters.
D．A youth is to be treated with respect.
答案 C解析 推理判断题。根据第三段及最后一段末句“Thanks to Shanda，dance became more
than a love of mine，but a passion.”可推知，好的老师很重要。故选C。
B★
Are you a good judge of character？Can you make an accurate judgement of someone’s
personality based only on your first impression of them？Interestingly，the answer lies as much in
them as it does in you.
One of the first people to try to identify good judges of character was US psychologist Henry
F Adams in 1927.His research led him to conclude that people fell into two groups—good judges of
themselves and good judges of others.Adams’s research has been widely criticized since then，
but he wasn’t entirely wrong about there being two clearly different types.
More on that in a moment，but first we need to define what a good judge of character is.Is it
someone who can read personality or someone who can read emotion？Those are two different
skills.Emotions such as anger or joy or sadness can generate easily identifiable physical signs.Most
of us would probably be able to accurately identify these signs，even in a stranger.As such，most
of us are probably good judges of emotion.
In order to be a good judge of personality，however，there needs to be an interaction with
the other person，and that person needs to be a “good target”．“Good targets” are people
who reveal relevant and useful signals to their personality.So this means “the good judge” will
only manifest when reading “good targets”．This is according to Rogers and Biesanz in their
2019 journal entitled “Reassessing the good judge of personality”．“We found consistent，
clear and strong evidence that the good judge does exist，” Rogers and Biesanz concluded.But
their key finding is that the good judge does not have magical gifts of perception—they are simply
able to “detect and use the information provided by the good target”．
So，are first impressions really accurate？Well，if you’re a good judge talking to a “good
target”，then it seems the answer is “yes”．And now we know that good judges probably do
exist，more research can be done into how they read personality，what kind of people they are—
and whether their skills can be taught.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。研究表明，优秀的性格判断者确实存在，他们能够读懂对方
发出的信号并做出正确的判断。
5．What can we learn about Adams from paragraph 2?
A．He is a good judge of character.
B．He divided psychologists into two groups.
C．His research result has been widely accepted.
D．His research on good judges was partially right.
答案 D解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Adams’s research has been widely criticized since then，
but he wasn’t entirely wrong about there being two clearly different types.”可知，对优秀判断
者的划分并非完全错误，即他的研究是部分正确的。故选D。
6．What does the author think of emotion reading?
A．Annoying. B．Joyful.
C．Simple. D．Strange.
答案 C
解析 观点态度题。根据第三段中“Emotions such as anger or joy...accurately identify these
signs，even in a stranger.”可推知，作者认为情绪判断非常简单。故选C。
7．Which of the following would Rogers and Biesanz agree with?
A．A good target is necessary for personality judgement.
B．A good target needs to get his personality reassessed.
C．A good judge can provide useful signals to our personality.
D．It’s possible to be a good judge just by looking at the other person.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第四段中“In order to be a good judge of personality，however，
there needs to be an interaction with the other person，and that person needs to be a ‘good
target’．..This is according to Rogers and Biesanz”可知，罗杰斯和比桑兹认为一个优秀的判
断者需要有与之相匹配的“好目标”才能表现出来，由此推知，他们会赞同“一个‘好目
标’是性格判断的必要条件”。故选A。
8．What does the author think future research should focus on?
A．The skills of good communication.
B．The features of good judges.
C．The ways to read personality.
D．The accuracy of first impressions.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“And now we know that good judges probably do exist，
more research can be done into how they read personality，what kind of people they are—and
whether their skills can be taught.”可推知，接下来需要研究优秀判断者的技巧、性格特点以
及他们的技巧是否可以被习得等，这些都是好的判断者的特点，也是作者认为研究应关注的。
故选B。
C
(2023·新课标Ⅱ，C)
Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of an everyday object—the book，
represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums around the world.The image ofthe reader appears throughout history，in art made long before books as we now know them came
into being.In artists’ representations of books and reading，we see moments of shared humanity
that go beyond culture and time.
In this “book of books”，artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes
these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at
home or at school，with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are
portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in thought or lost
in a moment of leisure.These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago，but they
record moments we can all relate to.
Books themselves may be used symbolically in paintings to demonstrate the intellect(才智)，
wealth or faith of the subject.Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured
objects and could be works of art in their own right.More recently，as books have become
inexpensive or even throwaway，artists have used them as the raw material for artworks—
transforming covers，pages or even complete volumes into paintings and sculptures.
Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the
printed page outdated.From a 21st-century point of view，the printed book is certainly ancient，
but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader.To serve its function，a book must be
activated by a user: the cover opened，the pages parted，the contents reviewed，perhaps notes
written down or words underlined.And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the
information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a
wholly private，“off-line” activity.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了收录近三百件来自博物馆和世界各地的收藏品的
一本书——Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers。书中以艺术作品的形式记录了不同时期人
们阅读的场景，论述了在通信技术发达的现在，纸质书仍然具有互动性，并没有过时。
9．Where is the text most probably taken from?
A．An introduction to a book.
B．An essay on the art of writing.
C．A guidebook to a museum.
D．A review of modern paintings.
答案 A
解析 文章出处题。根据第一段第一句“Reading Art: Art for Book Lovers is a celebration of
an everyday object—the book, represented here in almost three hundred artworks from museums
around the world.”以及第二段第一句“In this ‘book of books’，artworks are selected and
arranged...”可知，本文围绕Reading Art：Art for Book Lovers这本书展开介绍，可推测本
文最有可能出自该书的序言。10．What are the selected artworks about?
A．Wealth and intellect.
B．Home and school.
C．Books and reading.
D．Work and leisure.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段末句及第二段关于不同人物和阅读场景的描述可知，选定的
艺术作品是关于书籍和阅读的。故选C。
11．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean?
A．Understand. B．Paint.
C．Seize. D．Transform.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词上文及画线词所在句可推知，艺术作品里的场景可能是在几
百年前画的，但这些瞬间我们现在都能感同身受，故与画线短语“relate to”意思最相近的
为A项“理解、认识到”。故选A。
12．What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader?
A．The printed book is not totally out of date.
B．Technology has changed the way we read.
C．Our lives in the 21st century are networked.
D．People now rarely have the patience to read.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。通过文章最后一段中的“it remains as interactive as any battery-powered
e-reader”以及“a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private ，‘off-line’
activity”可推知，本文作者提到电子阅读器想表达的是印刷书籍并没有完全过时。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
Wonderful views from the mountains，breathtaking places waiting to explore，fresh air，as
well as all the special health benefits，are the main rewards of mountain hiking. 1
You need to train your lower body muscles，anytime and anywhere.Strong legs and core
muscles will improve your balance and help you hike longer.Focus on your lower body strength
and on your cardiovascular(心血管的) workout. 2 You really can train anywhere：use your
backyard，living room，or bedroom to keep your body ready for the true conditions in the
mountains.
You will need a stronger back.Who’s going to carry your backpack？ 3 So we are quite
sure what the true answer is.Develop back muscles with exercises like V-ups，deadlifts，diver
push-ups，and exercise named “mountain climbers”：Start in a traditional plank(平板支撑)
position and then bring your knee forward under your chest.You will start to feel your abs(腹肌) forsure，too.
4 Even Rome wasn’t built in a day so give yourself the pleasure to enjoy discovering
what your body is capable of! All the perfect benefits will improve your blood pressure and blood
sugar levels，helping you strengthen your core，and even help you control your weight as an
additional benefit. 5 Just don’t forget to stretch after each training.
Please remember that your training for mountain hiking should be combined with real
hiking.And don’t miss the other clues on what to do for mountaineering training!
A．Give yourself and your body time to prepare.
B．And don’t rely just on gyms or other similar areas.
C．Your balance will also get better and better over time.
D．However，there is always hidden danger in the mountains.
E．Try to combine muscle training with your indoor exercise.
F．However，it is of great significance to get prepared physically.
G．In the mountains，everyone should firstly be responsible for their own essentials.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。山地徒步有许多益处，但是进行山地徒步之前让身体做好准
备非常重要，文章阐述了有助于提高身体素质的一些策略。
1．答案 F
解析 上文阐述了山地徒步的益处，再结合下文每段的段首句可知本文主要阐述如何进行身
体训练，为徒步做好准备。F选项“然而，让身体准备好非常重要”能承上启下。故选F。
2．答案 B
解析 根据后文“You really can train anywhere”可知，B选项“不要只依赖健身房或其他类
似地点”能与前文形成顺承关系，并引出下文可以进行锻炼的地点。故选B。
3．答案 G
解析 根据上文“Who’s going to carry your backpack？”可知，G选项“在山上，每个人
都首先要为自己的必需品负责”能回答上文谁来背背包的问题，也解释了为什么需要锻炼背
部。故选G。
4．答案 A
解析 由下文“Even Rome wasn’t built in a day”可知，本段阐述的是做好身体准备是需要
时间的，不是一蹴而就的；A选项“给你自己和你的身体时间进行准备”符合本段主旨。故
选A。
5．答案 C
解析 上文“All the perfect benefits will improve...help you control your weight as an additional
benefit.”列举了此准备过程对身体的好处；C选项“你的平衡力也会变得越来越好”承接上
文，进一步阐述训练给身体带来的益处，符合语境。故选C。
