文档内容
第 07 讲 构词法
目录
01 模拟基础练
【题型一】形容词后缀的考查
【题型二】副词后缀的考查
【题型三】名词后缀的考查
【题型四】动词后缀的考查
【题型五】前缀的考查
02 重难创新练
03 真题实战练
用所给词的适当形式填空
题型一 形容词后缀的考查
1.（23-24高三·福建漳州·阶段练习）So far, Shaolin Kungfu has become a window of Chinese culture to the
world, which also turns Shaolin Temple into the most (influence) “holy land” of martial arts in the world.
2.（23-24高三·重庆·期中）The city’s task centers on the belief that its (star) skies have the potential
to inject energy into the conventional tourism.
3.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）Born in 1587, Xu Xiake grew up in a rich family. Yet he rejected the ___
（comfort) life to travel the lost world of imperial China.
4.（23-24高三·广东·阶段练习）Today, these yellowed pieces of mail have become a (nation) cultural
treasure.
5.（2024·浙江·模拟预测）As China has more than 297 million people (age) 60 and over, according to
the latest statistics, this day has grown in popularity over the years.
6.（23-24高三·湖北·阶段练习）So it goes in China, where tea is (day) necessity.
7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）Nowadays, mutton hotpot has become one of the favorite cuisines of the Chinese,
with (technology) development in mutton production allowing for year-round supplies of fresh meat acrossthe country.
8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习） Whether due to its long history or the strong (decorate) effect,
silk flowers were common accessories of the ancient women.
9.（2024·山东·模拟预测）The tray table is (adjust), so that passengers seated at different heights are
able to use it.
10.（福建省厦门第二中学 2023-2024 学年高三试题）On the east bank of Chaohu, China’s fifth-largest
freshwater lake, rests a (mystery) ancient “kingdom” of jade called Lingjiatan.
题型二 副词后缀的考查
1.（2024·江苏泰州·模拟预测）Moving forward, we’ll grasp the opportunities to remain at the forefront of BRI’s
joint construction and provide more top-level green energy (global).”
2. （2024·浙江·二模）It is believed that by arranging things (appropriate), one can haronize the
energies of the natural world.
3.（2024·辽宁六校联考）Apart from this, existing examples of ancient Chinese architecture are also
(wide) praised for its elegant outlines and various features, such as overhanging eaves(屋檐), upturned roof corners,
and different shapes of roofs.
4.（2023高三·河北秦皇岛·阶段练习）“One who holds office should pool the ideas and wisdom of the people
and_________ (extensive) draw on all well-intended and useful views,” wrote Zhuge Liang in his article,
“Instructions to Subjects and Officials.”
5.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）The boat comes out (magnificent), and its shape and features are distinctive
of the north of Fujian province.
6.（2024·江西九江·二模）In 2005, the pattern was (successful)selected as the symbol of China’s
cultural heritage to showcase the ancient Chinese people’s wisdom and aspirations.
7.（2024·山东·模拟预测）It was also (extraordinary) popular among many royal families of the Qing
Dynasty.
8.（23-24高三·河南郑州·阶段练习）Silk flowers are the flowers (typical) made with silk, satin and
other high-grade fabrics.
9.(2024·湖南高三模拟 ) (basic), medical incense can kill bacteria in the environment, protecting people
against infections.
10. (2024·云南师大附中高三模拟) Saint-Exupéry wrote and drew on (extreme) thin paper, which made
the task of transporting the pages of the manuscript even more challenging.
题型三 名词后缀的考查
1. （ 2024· 浙 江 嘉 兴 · 模 拟 预 测 ） Unlike Qingzhi, Wan Yue, a mother of two, became a hanfu
(enthusiasm) for the sense of community.2.（23-24高三·安徽·阶段练习） It has also facilitated the (adopt) of clean energy in Africa, helping it
avoid the pollution associated with Western industrialization.
3.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）Have you ever experienced one of the earliest movies? It boasts star-studded
ensembles (乐团), undergoes rapid transformations in the blink of an eye, and even includes special effects, music
and (perform), all without the aid of machines or computers.
4.（2024·湖南·一模）Start your (explore) from Sichuan Cuisine Museum, enjoy different aspects of
Sichuan cuisine, satisfy your curiosity and taste buds and experience all fun for “Playing with Chuancais”.
5.（23-24·湖北·沙市中学模拟）Now as Hangzhou has grabbed the world's attention, tourists from various
places have gathered to this heavenly city to enjoy its slow life tempo and beautiful natural __ (surround) .
6. （23-24·湖南长沙·雅礼中学模拟）In some parts of China, this ceremony is experiencing a____
(revive).
7.（24-25高三·吉林长春·期末）“On the surface, Xu's travel can neither be classified as great affairs of state
nor great undertakings that changed the course of history.” writes the cultural historian Zheng Peikai. “Xu traveled
to satisfy his own______ (curious) — he traveled for the sake of traveling.”
8.（23-24·山东·阶段练习）During the early hours of the Lantern Festival, about 60 to 70 villagers gather to burn
the midnight oil at the local ancestral hall to finish the making of the giant boat,which is about 6 to 8 meters long
and 3 to 4 meters in (high), in one go.
9.（23-24高三·广东珠海·阶段练习）It’s believed that recognizing the cultural value of the custom matters in the
____ (promote) of Chinese traditions.
10.（23-24高三·山东威海·阶段练习）It is just one example of ancient works of art that not only tells the
(wise) of our ancestors, but also is a witness to the pursuit of beauty by Chinese craftsmen throughout centuries.
题型四 动词后缀的考查
1．To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surface, do exercises to (strength) your leg muscles.
2．Knowing some tips will help (sure) that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or
family — no matter where you are in the world.
3．For a beginner of sports, it is highly recommendable that the time for training (length) little by little.
4．The local elephant population (threat) by poaching until stricter law enforcement was implemented.
5．Fields of flowers, tile-roofed villages and tasty meals (rich) this wonderful experience.
题型五 前缀的考查
1.（2024·湖北十堰·模拟预测）The challenge of mastering this millennia-old technique within such a short time
initially seemed like mission (possible).
2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·阶段练习）I shall never forget watching the sunrise over the sea-it was
(forget)!
3．Many stars, which are out of the solar system, are (visible) without a telescope.4．If one is late for a job interview, it is (likely) that he will get the job.
5．He is a good teacher who never expresses the least (patience) with slow learners.
6．It is (legal) to employ someone under the age of sixteen.
题型一 阅读理解
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（运用构词法理解文中加黑字）
The US Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) recently asked scientists, lawyers, social
scientists and other experts to consider some of these ethical dimension. To give two examples: on privacy, as we
let more listening devices into our homes, how do we prevent the data they collect falling into the wrong hands
through hacking (黑客) or simply being sold between companies without us receiving any money? Another
example: mixed reality, including virtual reality, will become pervasive in the next few years. As we move from
headsets to what the IEEE committee describes as “more delicate sensory enhancements” we will use
technology to live in an illusory world in many aspects of our lives. How do we balance the rights of the
individual, control over our virtual identity, and the need to live and interact on a face-to-face basis while being
empowered to live rich lives in mixed reality?
There is, of course, always a tension between innovation and regulation. But it can often seem that giant
steps are taken in technology with minimal public discussion. Take the self-driving car: although it may be
safer than human drivers and is likely to save more than a million lives a year worldwide, it will also take jobs
from drivers, traffic police, sign-makers, car-repair companies, carmakers and more. Is this a bargain we
want to make? In taking that decision, have we given thought to a car that knows everywhere we go, decides
routes, perhaps, based on paid advertisement from shops along the way—and listens and sees everything we do
on board? What will happen to that data and can it be kept safe?
Additionally, while some worry about the uncommon “trolley problem” of whom the car should choose to
hit in a strange accident—an old lady or a mother and baby—perhaps the more frequent issue will be how we find
out what the algorithm (运算程序) was thinking at the time of an accident, because AIs (Artificial Intelligence) are
self-learning and devise their own strategies.
Similar concerns are emerging over the internet of things. Robot vacuum-cleaners already plot cleaning
cycles using computer-aided vision that, for some models, is relayed to their manufacturers. As more things at
home become connected, they will be hackable and the data they collect saleable.
It’s time for some messy, democratic discussions about the future of AI.
1．Two examples in paragraph 1 are used to________.
A．shed some light on hacking in our modern lifeB．lead the reader to think of ethical issues brought by hi-tech
C．lead in the following example concerning the self-driving car
D．list the existing problems that caught the attention of experts
2．The word “pervasive” in paragraph 1 probably means “________”.
A．intelligent B．powerful C．widespread D．skillful
3．We can infer from the passage that________.
A．innovation should be accompanied by guidelines to relieve tension
B．more giant innovative steps will lead to fewer public discussion
C．disadvantages of the self-driving car will outweigh its advantages
D．artificial intelligence fails to have a promising and bright future
4．In the passage, the author intends to ________.
A．expose some underlying problems in high-technology
B．call on professionals to enforce law and order
C．illustrate AI’s abilities in self-devising and self-learning strategies
D．display our inter-connected computer-aided life in future
题型二 语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（23-24高三·山东济南·开学考试）Silk, a kind of light, delicate and soft fabric, has pushed its way
throughout China’s history. One cannot be certain of its origin, but the ancient Chinese people credited their own
wisdom 5 Leizu, the wife of the Yellow Emperor, as the 6 (invent) of sericulture(养蚕业).
Among the various styles and materials of silk, Nanjing Yunjin is a fancy fabric often 7 (use) for royal
costumes, representing China’s highest level of silk knitting(编织) technique. Yunjin is best made by hand in a
complex procedure, 8 consists of more than a hundred steps. Even the most skilled craftsmen can only knit
a few centimeters a day. Time, patience 9 skillfulness all play critical roles in its rare beauty. In the Western
Han Dynasty, explorer Zhang Qian 10 (open) up the routes to the western regions. Silk, 11 (play) a
critical role in the ancient routes, beautified countries in Central Asia and then other parts of Eurasia and beyond.
In the hands of Chinese artists, the 12 (thin) threads can knit enormous possibilities, and the softest
material can pass through thousands of years. As one of the many 13 (wonder) of ancient China, silk is not
merely a type of fabric. It is a cultural symbol as well as 14 expression of elegance.
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。1.（2024年1月浙江卷阅读理解C篇）
On September 7, 1991, the costliest hailstorm (花暴) in Canadian history hit Calgary’s southern suburbs. As a
result, since 1996 a group of insurance companies have spent about $2million per year on the Alberta Hail
Suppression Project. Airplanes seed threatening storm cells with a chemical to make small ice crystals fall as rain
before they can grow into dangerous hailstones. But farmers in east-central Alberta — downwind of the hail project
flights — worry that precious moisture (水分) is being stolen from their thirsty land by the cloud seeding.
Norman Stienwand, who farms in that area, has been addressing public meetings on this issue for years
“Basically, the provincial government is letting the insurance companies protect the Calgary-Edmonton urban area
from hail,” Mr. Stienwan d says, “but they’re increasing drought risk as far east as Saskatchewan.”
The Alberta hail project is managed by Terry Krauss, a cloud physicist who works for Weather Modification
Inc. of Fargo, North Dakota. “We affect only a very small percentage of the total moisture in the air, so we cannot
be cousing drought.” Dr. Krauss says. “In fact, we may be helping increase the moisture downwind by creating
wetter ground.”
One doubter about the safety of cloud seeding is Chuck Doswell, a research scientist who just retired from the
University of Oklahoma. “In 1999, I personally saw significant tornadoes (龙卷风) form from a seeded storm cell
in Kansas,” Dr. Doswell says. “Does cloud seeding create killer storms or reduce moisture downwind? No one
really knows, of course, but the seeding goes on.”
Given the degree of doubt, Mr. Stienwand suggests, “it would be wise to stop cloud seeding.” In practice,
doubt has had the opposite effect. Due to the lack of scientific proof concerning their impacts, no one has succeeded
in winning a lawsuit against cloud-seeding companies. Hence, private climate engineering can proceed in relative
legal safety.
8. What does the project aim to do?
A. Conserve moisture in the soil. B. Prevent the formation of hailstones.
C. Forecast disastrous hailstorms. D. Investigate chemical use in farming.
9. Who are opposed to the project?
A. Farmers in east-central Alberta. B. Managers of insurance companies.
C. Provincial government officials. D. Residents of Calgary and Edmonton
10. Why does Dr. Doswell mention the tornadoes he saw in 1999?
A. To compare different kinds of seeding methods.
B. To illustrate the development of big hailstorms.
C. To indicate a possible danger of cloud seeding.
D. To show the link between storms and moisture.
11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Scientific studies have proved Stienwand right.
B. Private climate engineering is illegal in Canada.
C. The doubt about cloud seeding has disappeared.
D. Cloud-seeding companies will continue to exist.2.（2023年新高考II卷阅读理解D篇）
As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If
you’re lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it’s unusual to find places in a city that are
relatively wild.
Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that
wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being.
The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to
submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then
examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant’s
experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at
beach” and “listening to waves.”
Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a “nature language” began to emerge.
After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These
include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail.
Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the
activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge
of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a
workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.
“We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.
And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,” said Peter Kahn, a senior
author of the study.
12. What phenomenon does the author describe at the beginning of the text?
A. Pocket parks are now popular. B. Wild nature is hard to find in cities.
C. Many cities are overpopulated. D. People enjoy living close to nature.
13. Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories?
A. To compare different types of park-goers. B. To explain why the park attracts tourists.
C. To analyze the main features of the park. D. To find patterns in the visitors’ summaries.
14. What can we learn from the example given in paragraph 5?
A. Walking is the best way to gain access to nature.
B. Young people are too busy to interact with nature.
C. The same nature experience takes different forms.
D. The nature language enhances work performance.
15. What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn?
A. Language study. B. Environmental conservation.
C. Public education. D. Intercultural communication.
