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初中英语八年级下册期末易错专项
06 现在完成时专练复习
含义：表示过去发生的或已完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
特点①是既涉及过去，又联系现在。
特点②动作是过去发生的，结果现在存在的。
结构：have/has+ done (过去分词)
过关检测一
现在完成时的句式
肯定句：主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他
例句：He has turned the light off .他已把灯关了。
否定句：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他
例句：I haven't cleaned my room.
一般疑问句：have/has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他
回答：Yes, 主语+have/has. No , 主语+haven't/hasn't.
例句：—Have you foun d your pen？你已经找到你的钢笔了吗？
—Yes, I have.
—No, I haven’t.
特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他?
例句：Who have been to UK twice?
* 在以上结构中， have/has 是助动词，作用是构成现在完成时时态。
▲注意：主语是三单（ h e 、 sh e 、 i t 、单个的人名，单个的事物名）时用
has ，其他情况下都用 have .
实战练习 1
句型转换
1．I have already seen the movie．(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答)
________you________the movie________？
_______，I________.
2．Mrs.Green taught in the club five years ago．(用since five years ago改写句子)
Mrs．Green_______ _______in the club since five years ago．
3．She has learned English for 6 years . (就划线部分提问)
_________ ___________ _________ ________ learned English ?
4．They have come up with a good idea．(改为否定句)
They_______ ________up with a good idea．
5. He has been to Macao before.(改为否定句)
He ___________ _____________ to Macao before.
过关检测二过去分词的变化规则
常规变化:
① 一般动词，在词尾直接加 “”ed
② 以 “e” 结尾的动词，只在词尾加 “d”
③ 以 “辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，将 “y” 变为 “i” ，再加
“ed”
④ 重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再
加 “ed”
练一练：写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词
stay-__________-____________ work-____________-________________
decide-__________-____________ like- ____________-________________
study-___________-___________ copy-____________-________________
stop-___________-___________ drop-_____________-_______________
不规则变化-参考P136-137
(1) AAA型
让(let)他放下(put)砍(cut)刀，去读书(read)，以免伤害(hurt), 头被撞(hit)，还要
花钱(cost)安置(set)关闭(shut)传播(spread)厂
(2)AAB型 打遍天下无敌手，分加en beat beat beaten
(3)ABA型 跑来成为超越，元音字母变成a
run ran run become became become come came come
(4)ABB型 teach taught taught catch caught caught
(5)ABC型 ring rang rung begin began begun sing sang sung
练一练：写出下列单词的过去式和过去分词
1.am /is-__________-____________ 2.are-__________-____________
3.become-__________-____________ 4.begin-__________-__________
5.bring-__________-____________ 6.buy-__________-____________
7.can-__________-____________ 8.come-__________-__________
9.cut-__________-____________ 10.do/does-__________-_________
11.draw-__________-____________ 12.drink-__________-____________
13.drive -__________ 14.find-__________-____________
15.fly-__________-____________ 16.get-__________-____________
17.give-__________-____________ 18.go-__________-____________
实战练习 2
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．Be careful! The paint hasn’t ________ yet. (dry)
2．For this year’s family dinner, my son has ________ a table for three at my
favourite restaurant in town. （book）
3．It’s exciting that we have ________ in sending up Shenzhou-16. (success)
4．Great changes have ________ place in my hometown these years. (take)
5．Has grandma ________ enough dumplings for lunch? (buy)
6．How can I trust you? You’ve ________ (lie) to me again and again.7．This novel was _______ (write) by Mo Yan in 2012.
8．The man has _______ (steal) many things from the company.
9．China has ________ (choose) its own system different from the Western model,
which is proved to be more suitable.
10．Have you ever ________ (hear) the strange story?
11．I borrowed the book last Sunday and I have ________ (keep) it for a week.
12．She has __________ (teach) English in this school for 10 years.
13．So far he hasn’t ________ (reply) to my letter. Is he angry with me?
14．Have you __________ (realize) that the pollution is getting worse?
15．Have you ever ________ (dream) of travelling to space?
16．Scientists have _________ (send) spaceships to space.
17．Have the children ________ up everything on the table yet? (eat)
18．—How long have you ________ (be) like this? —For two days.
19．—David, have you ________ (finish) your homework?
—Not yet, mum. I’m still working on it.
20．My aunt has just ________ (reach) Shenyang.
21．I have ________ (discover) the missing pen in the schoolbag.
22．Jack has ________ (deal) with many dangerous situations successfully.
23．His father isn’t at home and he has ________ (fly) to the USA．
24．— Have you ever ________ (study) with a group? — Yes, I have.
25．I have ________ a photo of myself to this envelope. (close)
过关检测三
现在完成时常用时间状语
现在完成时常与下列副词连用：
already 已经 （多用于肯定陈述句，句中）
yet 尚，还，仍然 （多用于否定句、疑问句，句末）
ever 曾经 （多用于疑问句，句中）
recently 最近 （多用于句末）
never 从不 （多用于否定句，句中）
just 刚刚 （多用于肯定句句中）
before 之前 （一般位于句末）
so far 到目前为止
in the past/last few years 在最近几年里
for + 一段时间
since + 过去时间点/一般过去时从句
实战练习 3
一、用just, already, yet, recently, ever, never填空
1. --- Have you been to the West Lake?
--- No, I have been there.2. I have read the novel twice.
3. Have you finished your work ?
4. I haven’t heard from her .
5. He has gone shopping with his parents.
6. I have seen him before, so I have no idea about him.
7. Jack has finished his homework.
8. --- Has the bus left ?
--- Yes, it has left.
9. 你曾经去过法国吗？
Have you been to France?
10. 以前我从没丢过书。
I have lost books before.
二、用since和for填空
1.The child has been crying _________ her mother left.
2.We have been playing tennis ___ ___ ____ five years,
3.The girl has been reading_________ an hour.
4.It has been raining _________ the whole day.
5.We have been friends with each other_________ we were children.
6.Jack's grandfather has been ill two weeks.
7. 2012,Dad has worked in this company.
8.—How long has your sister taught in this college?
— four years ago.
9.Fred has known Betty ___ ____ he was five years old.
10. Tony has played computer games two hours.
过关检测四
have/has been to &have/has gone to&have/has been in
1 . have /has gone to sp. 去了某地（还没回来）
Kitty and her family have gone to Hong Kong . They will come back next week.
Suzy is not at home at the moment. She has gone to the bookshop.
2 . have/has been to sp. 去过某地（已回来）
Mille and Amy have been to South Hill. They want to go there again.
Sandy has never been to South Hill. She wants to go with them.
Where have you been? I have been to the teachers’ office.
3 . have /has been in/at /on …+ 一段时间 在某地呆一段时间
My parents and I have been in Hong Kong for two days.
They have been on the farm since they got married.
实战练习 4
一、单选题
（ ）1．—________ you ever ________ to Japan?
—Yes. I ________ there with my mum last summer.A．Do...go, go B．Have...been, went
C．Have...gone, went D．Is...go, go
（ ）2．—How many times has Tony _________ Shanghai? —Twice.
A．went to B．gone to C．been to D．left for
（ ）3．—Where ________ in the last few years?
—I ________ to Russia three years ago.
A．have you been, went B．were you, have gone
C．have you gone, went D．have you been, have been
（ ）4．—Why is Lucy’s Chinese so good?
—Because she ________ Beijing for ten years.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．has come to D．has been in
（ ）5．—Where is Lucy?
—She ________ Wuhan. She’ll be back next week.
A．has gone to B．has been to C．went to D．is going to
（ ）6．Mr. And Mrs. Brown ________ Thailand for 2 years.
A．have been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have gone in
（ ）7．Mr. Sun ________ to Japan four times.
A．have been B．has been C．have gone D．has gone
（ ）8．I’ve never ________ to other countries before.
A．gone B．left C．been D．visited
（ ）9．So far his brother ________ New York several times.
A．is going to B．goes to C．has gone to D．has been to
（ ）10．—Is your father at home now?
—No, he ________ to Fan Changjiang Memorial with his friends.
A．has been B．has gone C．will go D．went
二、用have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空.
1. Mike and his parents __________ the north for half a year.
2. Mum is not at home now. she _________ the shop.
3. ______ you ever _____ to Kunming ? Never.
4. Where _____ you ______ these days?
5. Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _______ here for several days.
6. Where is Peter? I don’t know where he ________.
7. Hi Jim! Where _____ you _____ ? Li Lei is looking for you.
过关检测五
非延续性动词和延续性动词
非延续性动词和延续性动词的转换
get a letter from sb. / hear from sb. → have a letter from sb.come back /go back /return to sp. →be back in sp
get married /marry → be married
become interested in → be interested in
buy → have /own
borrow → keep
arrive/come/go to → be in
become a → be a
leave → be away (from)
join→ be in / be a member of
die → be dead
open/close → be open / closed
start/begin → be on
stop /finish/ end → be over
catch a cold → have a cold
get to know → know
go to sleep → be asleep / sleep
get out/ up → be out / up
fall ill → be ill
fall asleep → be asleep
wake up → be awake
get married /marry → be married
例句：
1. 这家店已经关门了。/ 这家店关门3天了。close--be closed(状态）
The shop has closed.
The shop has been closed for 3 days.=The shop has been closed since 3 days
ago.
2. 这家店已经开门了。/ 这家店开了一个月了。open--be open
The shop has opened.
The shop has been open for a month.=The shop has been open since a month
ago.
3. 电影已经开始了。/ 这场电影放映10分钟了。start/begin---be on
The movie has started/begun.
The movie has been on for 10 minutes.
=The movie has been on since 10 minutes ago.
4. 这场电影已经结束了。/ 这场电影已经结束了 10分钟了。finish-be
over
The film has finished.
The film has been over for 10 minutes./since 10 minutes ago.5. 他们已经结婚了。/ 他们已经结婚 10 年了。get married---be
married.
They have got married.
They have been married for 10 years./since 10 years ago.
6. 他已经死了。/ 他已经死了10年了。die-be dead
He has died.
He has been dead for 10 years.
7. 他已经加入了足球俱乐部。/ 他自从3月份就加入足球俱乐部了。
join-be in
He has joined the football club.
He has been in the foot ball club since March.
8. 这个宝宝已经入睡了。/ 这个宝宝已经入睡半小时了。fall asleep--
be asleep
The baby has fallen asleep.
The baby has been asleep for half an hour.
9. 他已经买了这本书。/ 他自从上个星期就买了这本书。buy-have
He has bought this book.
He has had the book since last week.
10. 他们已经借了一些书。/ 他们借这些书已经 1 个月了。borrow--
keep
They have borrowed some books.
They have kept some books for a month.
总结：对于for+一段时间和since+过去时间点，必须把瞬间性动词转换成延续
性动词。
实战练习 5
一、写出下列短暂性动词的非延续性形式。
buy _________ borrow _________
arrive/come/go to _________ become a _________
leave _________ join _________
die _________ open/close _________
get married _________ start/begin __________
stop /finish/ end ___________ catch a cold ___________
get to know ___________ go to sleep ___________
become interested in ___________ get out/ up ___________
fall ill ___________ fall asleep ___________wake up ___________
二、单选题
（ ）1．—How long _______ you _______ your hometown?
—For five years.
A．have; left B．has; left
C．have; been away from D．has; been away from
（ ）2．—How long can I ________ the book?
—Two weeks.
A．keep B．borrow C．take D. have
（ ）3．—Could you tell me when you ________ the new smartphone?
—Well, I _______ it for a month.
A．have bought; have had B．bought; have bought
C．have bought; have kept D．bought; have had
（ ）4．His pet dog ________ for over two weeks.
A．died B．has been dead
C．has been died D.dies
（ ）5．Miss Kelly ________ a secretary here for a long time. Everyone knows
her.
A．has become B．became C．was D．has been
（ ）6．Our English teacher is very nice. We _______ friends since three years
ago.
A．have been B．have made C．were D．became
（ ）7．— ________ did your uncle leave for the capital of Denmark?
—Let me see. He ________ for nearly 2 months.
A．When; has left B．How long; has been away
C．How long; has left D．When; has been away
（ ）8．—Mike, why do you come here so late? The concert _______ since half
an hour ago.
—What a pity! No wonder all the singers have left.
A．has ended B．has been on
C．has been over D. had been ended
（ ）9．The old couple __________ for over forty years.
A．married B．got married
C．is marrying D．have been married
（ ）10．Jenny ________ ill for two days. I hope she will be better soon.
A．fell B．falls C．has fallen D．has been
过关检测六
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别一般过去时 现在完成时
用法不同 只表示过去的动作或状态 表示过去发生的事情对现在造成
(不涉及现在) 的影响或结果 (与现在有联系)
时 时间状语不同 yesterday, last week, already, yet, ever, never,
… ago, just, before, for, since…
just now （注：不能与表示过去的时间状
When+一般过去式句子 语连用）
实战练习 6
用所给动词的正确时态完成对话。
（1）Have you read that book? Yes, I （read）it.
When did you read it? I (read) it last week.
（2）Have you seen the new movie? Yes, I (see) it twice.
I (see)it two weeks ago, and then I (see)it again last night.
（3）Have you ever been to Shanghai? No, I never (be)there.
My parents (go)there last winter.
（4）Have you finished your homework? I already (do) mine.
I (finish) it two hours ago.
（5）Have you met Mr.Wilson? No. He (move) to London.
He (arrive) in town last week.
（6）Have you seen the new girl in Andy’s class?
Yes, I (see) her. She’s very good-looking.
I (see)her with Andy at the bookstore yesterday.
（7）Where have you been? I (be) down at the garage.
I (take)my car down to be fixed.
（8）Mr. Wan has been to Shanghai several times. He (do) a lot of business there.
（9）Have you heard the news? Yes, I (hear) the news already.
I it yesterday.
(10) Have I worked long enough today? Yes, you (work) long enough.
But you only two hours yesterday.
综合训练题
一、用动词的适当形式填空。
1.--______ you _________your bike? (repair)
--Yes, I _______.
--When_______ you _______ it?
--I __________ it yesterday.
2.--How do you like the film?
--I ____________(not see) such a moving film before.
3. Mary’s sister _______(join) the club last week.
So she _________(be) in the club for nearly one week.
4.My father__________(give) up ________(smoke).He doesn’t _________(smoke) now.
5.The Green family______________(not come) back from the cinema yet.
They______(go) to see a film one hour ago.
6.You________________(not visit) your son for a long time.
7. He ______________(just, start) working.
8. _____ you _______(pack) your suitcase yet?
9. I ____________(tidy) my room already.
10. There _________(be) several meetings during the past few days.
11. I ____________ (buy) my plane ticket, but I can’t find it.
12. Everything is all right; nothing ____________(happen).
13. They can’t buy a computer because they _________ (spend) all their money.
14.The house is dirty. We ___________ (clean) it for weeks.
15. -- I’m sorry to keep you waiting.
--Oh, not at all. I ____________ (be) here only a few minutes.
16. You don’t need to describe her. I ___________ (meet) her several times.
17. --Will you go to Beijing for vacation ?
--I ______________(plan) to go , but I don’t know if I can go .
18. --When will they leave ?--They ____________ ( leave) very soon.
19.The teacher told the pupils that the earth _____ (be) round.
20. She _______________ (read) such an interesting book before.
二、用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空.
1. Mike and his parents __________ the north for half a year.
2. Mum is not at home now. she _________ the shop.
3. ______ you ever _____ to Kunming ? Never.
4. Where _____ you ______ these days?
5. Has Jim arrived yet? Yes, he _______ here for several days.
6. Where is Peter? I don’t know where he ________.
7. Hi Jim! Where _____ you _____ ? Li Lei is looking for you.
三、用for和since完成句子。
1. We have lived here _______ 2018
2. — How long have you studied here? — ______ 8 years.
3. The boy has had a bad cold ______ last Sunday.
4. I have waited ______ two hours.
5. Mr. Huang has kept the book ______ last week.
6. I have taught in the school ______ I came here.
7. We have been friends ______ a long time.
8. I have been in Nanjing ______ five years.
9. Sally has been away from London ______ last night.
10. Our school has changed a lot ______ the new building was built.
11. Tommy has had this motorcycle ____ three years.
12. My parents have been married ____ 30 years.
四、按要求改写句子。1. The class was over ten minutes ago. (同义句转化)
The class _________________ for ten minutes.
2. His grandpa died in 2004. (同义句转化)
His grandpa _________________ for 10 years.
3. The exhibition has been on for three days.(同义句转化)
The exhibition ______________ three days ago.
4. My parents got married 25 years ago. (同义句转化)
My parents __________________ for 25 years.
5. I bought the MP3 last week. (同义句转化)
I __________ the MP3 for a week.
6. Kitty joined the Reading Club last year. (同义句转化)
Kitty _________________________ the Reading Club since last year.
7. My uncle began to teach Chinese when he was 23. (同义句转化)
My uncle has _______ Chinese _____ he was 23.
8. We haven’t seen each other for 2 years. (同义句转化)
It’s two years __________ we last ___________.
参考答案：
实战练习 1
句型转换
1.Have seen yet No, I haven’t 2. has taught
3. How long has she 4. haven’t come
5. hasn’t been
实战练习 2
用所给单词的正确形式填空
1．dried 2．booked 3．succeeded 4．taken
5．bought 6．lied 7．written 8．stolen 9．
chosen 10．heard 11．kept 12．taught
13．replied 14．realized 15．dreamt/dreamed
16．sent 17．eaten 18．been 19．finished
20．reached 21．discovered 22．dealt
23．flown 24．studied 25．enclosed实战练习 3
一、用just, already, yet, recently, ever, never填空
1. ever; never 2. already 3. yet 4. recently/yet/before
5. already/just 6.never 7. just/already 8. yet, already/just
9. ever 10. ever; never
二、用since和for填空
1.since 2.for 3.for 4.for 5.since
6.for 7.Since 8.Since 9.since 10.for
实战练习 4
一、单选题
1-5 BCADA 6-10 ABCDB
二、用have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空.
1. have been in 2. has gone to 3. Have; been
4. have; been 5. has been 6. has gone 7. have;
been
实战练习 5
一、写出下列短暂性动词的非延续性形式。
buy have /own borrow keep
arrive/come/go to b e i n become a be a
leave be away (from) join be in / be a member of
die be dead open/close be open / closed
get married be married start/begin be on
stop /finish/ end be over catch a cold have a cold
get to know know go to sleep be asleep / sleep
become interested in be interested in get out/ up be out / up
fall ill be ill fall asleep be asleep
wake up be awake
二、单选题
1-5 CADBD 6-10 ADCDD
实战练习 6
用所给动词的正确时态完成对话。
（1）have read; read （2）have seen; saw saw
（3）have been; went （4）have done; finished
（5）has moved; arrived （6）have seen; saw
（7）have been; took （8）has done
（9）have heard; heard (10) have worked; worked
综合训练题一、用动词的适当形式填空。
1. Have, repaired, have, did, repair, repaired
2. haven't seen 3. joined; has been
4. has given; smoking; some 5. haven't come; went
6. haven't visited 7. has just started
8. Have; packed 9. have tidied
10. have been 11. have bought
12. has happened 13. has spent
14. haven't cleaned 15. have been
16. have met 17. have planned
18. are learning 19. is 20. has read
二、用Have been to, have gone to, have been in 填空.
1. have been in 2. has gone to 3. Have; been
4. have; been 5. has been 6. has gone
7. have; been
三、用for和since完成句子。
1. since 2. for 3. since 4. for 5. since 6. since
7. for 8. for 9. since 10. since 11. for 12. for
四、按要求改写句子。
1. has been over 2. has been dead
3. began/started 4. have been married
5. have had 6. has been a member of
7. thought；since 8. since; met
