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【赢在高考·黄金8卷】备战2024年高考英语模拟卷（上海专用）
黄金卷01
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：140分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡
皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
I.Listening Comprehension （第1-10题, 每题1分；第11-20题，每题1.5分；共25分）
Section A
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each
conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken
only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,
and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1. A. $30. B. $27. C. $20. D. $10.
【答案】B
【解析】
【原文】M: How much are the roses?
W: Thirty dollars a dozen, but I can give you a ten-percent discount. They are on sale today.
Q: How much should the man pay for a dozen roses?
2. A. He may feel better soon. B. He doesn’t like to take pills.
C. He may not be able to wake up on time. D. He may want to take the pills without food.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】W: Take two pills three times a day. And you shouldn’t take them on an empty stomach.
M: What if I don’t have an appetite.
Q: What does the man imply?
3. A. Post her the paper after the deadline. B. Hand in a handwritten draft of the paper.
C. Attend a conference with her two weeks later. D. Complete the course without handing in the paper.
【答案】A【解析】
【原文】M: Professor Jones, last night when I was putting the finishing touches on my paper, there was suddenly a
power failure. Do you think I can have another day to retype it?
W: I am sorry, Steven. I am leaving for a conference tomorrow, and I will be away for two weeks. I suppose you
could mail it to me there.
Q: What will the professor probably allow the student to do?
4. A. Lose some weight. B. Shop for new clothes.
C. Have his jeans altered. D. Wear clothes that fit better.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I am having trouble fitting into my jeans. Looks like I have to get some new ones.
W: But you wouldn’t have to do that if you just cut down on what you eat.
Q: What does the woman imply the man should do?
5. A. Sharpen the man’s pencil. B. Ask the model to move his arm.
C. Give the man a new sheet of paper. D. Show the man a drawing technique.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: I am having trouble draw the model’s right arm.
W: To get the perspective you want, you need to use what we call foreshortening. Here, give me your pencil.
Q: What will the woman most probably do next?
6. A. Disappointed. B. Curious. C. Satisfied. D. Casual.
【答案】C
【解析】
【原文】M: How are you getting on with your experiment?
W: In spite of my continuous failure, I have already made some progress.
Q: How does the woman feel about her experiment?
7. A. He’d like some help at the baggage counter.
B. He doesn’t know the woman ahead of him.
C. He was permitted to carry one extra bag.
D. He is carrying someone else’s suitcase.
【答案】D
【解析】【原文】W: I am sorry, Sir. But you are allowed only one piece of luggage on the plane. You have to check in one
of your suitcases at the baggage counter.
M: Actually, one of these belongs to the woman up ahead. I am just giving her a hand.
Q: What does the man mean?
8. A. Some of her colleagues may not take part in the program.
B. A few of them are allowed to participate in the training.
C. All her colleagues have agreed to go for the program.
D. Employees are all required to receive the training.
【答案】A
【解析】
【原文】M: I guess all our colleagues are participating this training program.
W: I am not quite sure. Not everyone has given a definite reply in their emails to me.
Q: What does the women mean?
9. A. She would rather take a direct train.
B. It doesn’t take long to get to Chongqing.
C. She doesn’t care how long the trip takes.
D. Taking an airplane might be more practical.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: We’ve got to be in Chongqing by Saturday. We could take the train, but we’ll have to change a few
times.
W: A direct flight would be a lot less complicated. And maybe even cheaper.
Q: What does the woman mean?
10. A. If he has more than a dollar.
B. If he makes a phone call first.
C. If he finds the change machine.
D. If he buys something from her.
【答案】D
【解析】
【原文】M: Miss, can you give me change for a dollar so that I can make a phone call at the callbox.
W: Sorry, sir. I am not allowed to give change without a purchase. But you’ll find a change machine in front of the
jewelry store.Q: In which situation can the woman give the man some change?
Section B
Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked
several questions on each of the short passages and the longer conversation. The short passages and the longer
conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the
four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage
11. A. The origin of shopping malls. B. The location of shopping malls.
C. The inventor of shopping malls. D. The prospect of shopping malls.
12. A. They were roofless buildings.
B. They mainly housed specialty shops.
C. They had a certain kind of landscape.
D. They provided indoor parking service.
13. A. People loved wandering from shop to shop.
B. The shops didn’t need to keep out bad weather.
C. Shoppers were more comfortable in such shops.
D. Malls could contain much more than just shops.
【答案】11. A 12. C 13. B
【解析】
【原文】Victor Green, an American architect, revolutionized shopping in the 1950s by creating the type of
shopping center that we now call a shopping mall. Green’s aim was to provide a pleasant, quiet and spacious
shopping environment with large car parks, which usually meant building in suburbs. He also wanted people to be
able to shop in all kinds of weather. He insisted on using building designs that he knew people would feel
comfortable with, but please them in landscaped streets that were entirely enclosed and often covered with a curved
glass roof. This was done to imitate some of the older shopping areas of city centers. But while these housed only
small specialty shops, Green’s shopping malls were on a much grander scale. Access to the whole shopping mass
was gained by using the main doors, which separated the shopping streets from the parking areas outside. As there
was no need to keep out bad weather, shops no longer needed windows and doors and people could wander freely
from shop to shop. In many cities shopping malls now contain much more than just shops. Cinemas, restaurants
and other forms of entertainment are also growing in popularity.11. What is the passage mainly about?
12. Which of the following is true according to Victor Green’s idea of shopping malls?
13. Why did shops in malls no longer need windows and doors?
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. How the London Underground system developed.
B. What the London Underground Drawing office did.
C. What the London Underground platforms were like.
D. How the London Underground map came into being.
15. A. Accurate information about distance. B. Time of the first and the last trains.
C. The number of station entrances. D. Locations of the stations.
16. A. Original and clear. B. Simple but advanced.
C. Attractive but misleading. D. Old-fashioned and complex.
【答案】14. D 15. A 16. A
【解析】
【原文】 Many people would agree that the London Underground map is extremely well-designed. It is not only
simple and easy to understand but also quite attractive. And most importantly, it performs its primary task of
guiding both Londoners and tourists round the underground system in the city very well. The man behind this great
achievement was called Henry Beck. He was an employee of the London underground drawing office, and first
came up with his design for the map in 1931. The map which had been in use before 1931 was messy and unclear.
Beck decided that a traditional map which gave accurate information about distance was not necessary for the
underground, and instead produced a diagram which showed only the stations on the underground system. This new
map was an enormous success with the public. When in 1933, it made its first appearance on the underground
platforms and at the station entrances. The design of the map showed great originality because it provided a very
clear representation of a highly complex network of communication. Beck’s approach was later adopted by most of
the world underground system.
14. What is the passage mainly about?
15. Which element of the old map didn’t appear on Henry Beck’s map?
16. What does the speaker think of the design of the map?
Questions 17 through 20 are bused on the following conversation.
17. A. To fight against violent action.
B. To explore new ways of studying animals.C. To stop animal being used for medical research.
D. To highlight the protection of endangered animals.
18. A. It might be the most efficient way to free animals
B. The damage done in this case might not be so terrible.
C. It might not be such a serious crime in the eyes of the law
D. The cost of setting up the lab might discourage the firm from doing so.
19. A. Evidence was found that no actual animal cruelty did happen
B. Evidence was found that the scientists didn’t obey certain rules.
C. The scientists couldn’t afford to find animals again for the research
D. The scientists were believed to have been involved in illegal action.
20. A. It is not their original intention.
B. It does bring them much trouble.
C. It has made their life difficult.
D. It is what they apologise for.
【答案】17. C 18. D 19. B 20. A
【解析】
【原文】W: Two members of the animal defence group, the ADG, are suspected of being involved in an attack on
a medical research laboratory last night. Today I am joined in the studio by Nick Davidson, who is also a member
of the ADG, and their spokesperson. Good morning!
M: Good morning!
W: How can you possibly justify the actions of your colleagues, who broke into the lab last night and caused such
criminal damage?
M: Well, you say it’s criminal damage, but using animals in experiments is a crime.
W: You mean destroying the equipment used to help find cures for diseases isn’t a crime?
M: Yes, it is a crime in the eyes of law, but the reason we do that is to make it really expensive for the firms to use
animals in experiments. They might think it is too expensive to set up the experiment all over again.
W: I see, so you completely support this kind of direct action.
M: Absolutely. Direct action is one of the many things you can do to highlight the cause of animal suffering.
However, there are also completely peaceful ways of protesting. For example, I am a vegetarian, and I don’t buy
anything that has been tested on animals.
W: And have you yourself been involved in any type of illegal action?
M: Yes. I poured red paint over fur coats in a clothes shop and I have been involved in an attack on a laboratory.W: What happened at the laboratory?
M: We broke in and looked for evidence of the animal cruelty involved. The evidence we found actually put a stop
to the research in that particular laboratory, because it wasn’t being conducted in an acceptable way. There are rules
to be obeyed, even for animal testing. And we found that scientists were not following these rules.
W: But this sort of violence just gives the animal rights movement a bad name, doesn’t it？
M: We don’t agree with violence. Yes, we make life as difficult as possible for the scientists, but we don’t aim to
hurt them. Where people have been accidentally injured, we have apologized as harming people is not our
intention.
W: I’ll have to stop you there, Mr. Davidson. Thank you for coming in.
17. What is the ADG intended to do?
18. According to the man, why did the ADG members destroy the lab equipment?
19. Why did the scientists stop the research after the man and his colleague broke into their lab?
20. What does the man say about the bad name the ADG action has given to the animal rights movement?
II.Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分）
Section A
Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically
correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other
blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
（2023春·上海·高三上海交大附中校考开学考试）
Wikipedia has come a long way since it started in 2001. With around 70, 000 volunteers editing in over 100
languages, it is by far the world’s 2 1 (popular)reference site. However, its future is uncertain.
One of the biggest threats it faces is the rise of smartphones 2 2 the dominant personal computing
device. Wikipedia has always depended on contributors (撰稿人) who hunch over keyboards 23 (search) for
references, discussing changes and writing articles with a special code. It’s simply too hard to use complex code on
a tiny screen. The pool of potential Wikipedia editors 2 4 dry up as the number of mobile users keeps
growing. The nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation, 2 5 oversees Wikipedia’s operations, 2 6 (look)
for solutions for a while. For instance, the development of touch-screen tools allows editors to sift through (筛
选)information and share content from their phones.
The tension runs through the community. Last year, the foundation took unprecedented steps of forcing the
installation of new software on the German-language Wikipedia. The German editors 2 7 (show) theirindependence by resisting an earlier update to the site’s user interface(界面). 2 8 the wishes of these
experienced editors, the foundation installed a new method for viewing multimedia content and then set up a
“superprotect” feature 2 9 (prevent) stubborn administrators from changing it back.
Could the pressure from mobile users, and the internal tension, tear Wikipedia apart? A world without it seems
unimaginable, but consider the fate of other online communities. Blogging, celebrated a decade ago as pioneering
an exciting new form of personal writing, has decreased significantly in the social-media age.
These are challenges, but they can still 3 0 (solve). There is no other significant alternative to
Wikipedia, and good will toward the project could hardly be higher. In an age of internet giants, the selflessness of
websites is worth saving.
【答案】
21．most popular 22．as 23．searching 24．could 25．which 26．is looking 27．had
shown 28．Against 29．to prevent 30．be solved
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了维基百科（Wikipedia）当前面临的危机和挑战，希望维基百科能
够得到拯救。
21．考查形容词。句意：它是迄今为止全世界最受欢迎的参考网站，有大约七万名志愿者用 100多种语言
对其进行编辑。分析句子结构可知，此处应为形容词作定语修饰reference site，根据句意和定冠词the，此
处应使用形容词的最高级，popular为多音节词，其最高级为most popular。故填most popular
22．考查介词。句意：维基百科面临的最大威胁之一是作为主导地位的个人计算设备的智能手机的崛起。
分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词，与空后的名词构成介宾短语作定语修饰 smartphones，结合句意可知，
此处表示“成为，作为”为as符合句意。故填as。
23．考查非谓语动词。句意：维基百科一直依赖于贡献者，他们弯腰在键盘上搜索参考文献，讨论更改并
使用特殊代码撰写文章。分析句子结构可知，此处应为非谓语动词，且该空与其后面的 discussing和
writing为并列结构，与逻辑主语contributors是主动关系。故填searching。
24．考查情态动词。句意：随着移动用户人数持续增加，潜在的维基百科编辑群可能会消失。分析句子结
构可知，此处应与dry up构成句子的谓语，根据空后为动词原形可推断，此处应为情态动词，结合句意，
此处表示逻辑上的可能性，且可能性较小。故填could。
25．考查定语从句。句意：非营利性的维基媒体基金会(Wikimedia Foundation)负责维基百科的运行，该基
金会正在研究解决办法。分析句子结构可知，此处应为连词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰 The nonprofitWikimedia Foundation，从句中缺少主语，且先行词指物。故填which。
26．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：非营利性的维基媒体基金会(Wikimedia Foundation)负责维基百科的
运行，该基金会正在研究解决办法。分析句子结构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据从句中的谓语动词
oversees可知，此处应用现在时态，结合句意，此处表示动作正在进行，所以使用现在进行时态，句子主
语the nonprofit Wikimedia Foundation为第三人称单数，与look for为主动关系。故填is looking。
27．考查谓语动词。句意：德国编辑通过抵制早期对网站用户界面的更新表明他们的独立性。分析句子结
构可知，此处应为谓语动词，根据上文中的“the foundation took unprecedented steps”可知，此处为过去时
态，结合句意可知，show发生在took之前，所以应使用过去完成时态，且与主语为主动关系。故填 had
shown。
28．考查介词。句意：基金会不顾资深编辑的意愿，安装了一种查看多媒体内容的新方式，后来又设置了
一种“超级保护”功能，阻止那些不愿屈服的管理员改回从前版本。分析句子结构可知，此处应为介词与
空后的名词短语构成介词短语作状语，结合句意可知，此处为 against意为“与……相反，违反”符合句意，
且位于句首，首字母大写。故填Against。
29．考查非谓语动词。句意：基金会不顾资深编辑的意愿，安装了一种查看多媒体内容的新方式，后来又
设置了一种“超级保护”功能，阻止那些不愿屈服的管理员改回从前版本。分析句子结构可知，此处为非
谓语动词作状语，结合句意可知，此处表目的，所以使用不定式形式，且prevent与逻辑主语the foundation
间为主动关系。故填to prevent。
30．考查被动语态。句意：尽管有些挑战，这些仍可以解决。分析句子结构可知，情态动词后为动词原形，
且该动词与主语they间为被动关系。故填be solved。
Section B
Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once.
Note that there is one word more than you need.
（2023春·上海·高三复旦附中校考阶段练习）
A．stem B．dot C． attributable D．exceeded E. overlook F. exposed
G. drainage H. emerging I. sinking J. access K. established
The Mega-City Environment
Mega-cities suffer from a catalog of environmental ills. A World Health Organization(WHO)/United Nations
Environment Program(UNEP)study found that seven of the cities-Mexico City, Beijing, Cairo, Jakarta, Los
Angeles, Sao Paulo and Moscow-had three or more pollutants that 3 1 the WHO health protectionguidelines. All 20 of the cities studied by WHO/UNEP had at least one major pollutant that went beyond 3 2
health limits.
According to the World Resources Institute, “Millions of children living in the world’s largest cities,
particularly in developing countries, are 3 3 to life-threatening air pollution two to eight times above the
maximum based on WHO guidelines. Indeed, more than 80 percent of all deaths in developing countries 3 4
to air pollution-induced lung infections are among children under five.” In the big Asian mega-cities such as New
Delhi, Beijing and Jakarta, approximately 20 to 30 percent of all respiratory diseases 3 5 from air
pollution.
Almost all of the mega-cities face major fresh water challenges. Johannesburg, South Africa, is forced to draw
water from highlands 370 miles away. In Bangkok, saltwater is invading aquifers(地下蓄水层). Mexico City has a
serious 3 6 problem because of excessive groundwater withdrawal.
More than a billion people, 20 percent of the world’s population, live without regular 3 7 to clean
running water. While poor people are forced to pay high fees for private water, many cities squander their resources
through leakages and illegal 3 8 . “With the population of cities expected to increase to five billion by
2025,” says Klaus Toepfer, executive director of the UNEP, “the urban demand for water is set to increase rapidly.
This means that any solution to the water crisis is closely linked to the governance of cities.“
Mega-city residents, crowded into unsanitary slums, are also subject to serious disease outbreaks. Lima,
Peru(with population estimated at 9.4 million by 2015)suffered a cholera outbreak in the late 1990s partly because,
as the New York Times reported, ”rural people new to Lima...live in houses without running water and use the
outhouses(屋外厕所)that 3 9 the hillsides above.“
It’s worth looking at some of these 4 0 mega-cities in detail, because daily life there is likely to be
the pattern for a majority of the world’s population. Most are already experiencing severe environmental problems
that will only be worsened by rapid population increases.
【答案】
31．D 32．K 33．F 34．C 35．A 36．I 37．J 38．G 39．B 40．H
【导语】本文是说明文。主要讲述了大城市遭受着一系列的环境问题。
31．考查动词。句意：世界卫生组织(WHO)/联合国环境规划署(UNEP)的一项研究发现，其中7个城市
——墨西哥城、北京、开罗、雅加达、洛杉矶、圣保罗和莫斯科——有三种或三种以上的污染物超过了世
卫组织的健康保护准则。分析句子结构可知，句中缺少谓语动词，所以应填动词，根据后文“All 20 of the
cities studied by WHO/UNEP had at least one major pollutant that went beyond health limits.”可知，此处是指“超过世卫组织的健康保护准则”之意，所以D项exceeded意为“超过”符合题意。故选D项。
32．考查形容词。句意：卫生组织/环境规划署研究的所有20个城市至少有一种主要污染物超过既定的健
康限度。分析句子结构可知，空前是介词，空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词，根据句意此处表达“既定
的健康限度”之意，所以K项established意为“已确立的”符合题意。故选K项。
33．考查形容词。句意：生活在世界各大城市，特别是发展中国家的数百万儿童暴露在威胁生命的空气污
染中，空气污染比世卫组织指南规定的最大污染水平高出 2至8倍。根据后文“Indeed, more than 80
percent of all deaths in developing countries to air pollution-induced lung infections are among children
under five.”可知，儿童是暴露威胁生命的空气污染中，所以F项exposed意为“暴露的”符合句意。故选F
项。
34．考查形容词。句意：事实上，在发展中国家，由空气污染引起的肺部感染导致的所有死亡中，80%以
上是5岁以下的儿童。根据后文“to air pollution-induced lung infections”可知，此处表达“引起的肺部感
染”之意，所以C项attributable和空后的to构成固定短语：attributable to意为“归因于”符合题意。故选
C项。
35．考查动词。句意：在新德里、北京和雅加达等亚洲大城市，大约 20%到30%的呼吸道疾病是由空气污
染引起的。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意可知表达“引起”之意，
所以A项stem和空后的from构成固定搭配：stem from意为“源于”符合题意。故选A项。
36．考查形容词。句意：由于过度抽取地下水，墨西哥城存在严重的下沉问题。根据后文“because of
excessive groundwater withdrawal”可知由于过度抽取地下水，所以它有下沉的危险，所以 I项sinking意为
“下沉的”符合题意，作定语，修饰名词problem。故选I项。
37．考查名词。句意：超过10亿人（占世界人口的20%）生活在无法定期获得清洁自来水的环境中。根
据后文“While poor people are forced to pay high fees for private water”可知，此处表达“无法定期获得清洁
自来水”之意，所以J项access和后文的to构成固定搭配：access to意为“接近；有权利使用”符合题意。
故选J项。
38．考查名词。句意：虽然穷人被迫为私人用水支付高额费用，但许多城市却因漏水和非法排水而浪费资
源。根据前文“many cities squander their resources through leakages”可知空处和空前的leakages并列，意思
接近，所以G项drainage意为“排水”符合题意。故选G项。
39．考查动词。句意：秘鲁利马（2015年人口估计为940万）在20世纪90年代末爆发了霍乱，部分原因
是，正如《纽约时报》报道的那样，“新来到利马的农村人……住在没有自来水的房子里，使用散布在山
坡上的屋外厕所。”分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语动词，所以空处应填动词，根据句意，此处表达
“散布在山坡上的屋外厕所”之意，所以B项dot意为“星罗棋布于”符合题意。故选B项。40．考查形容词。句意：我们有必要仔细研究一下这些新兴的超级城市，因为那里的日常生活很可能是世
界上大多数人的生活模式。根据前文主要讲述了秘鲁利马这些新兴的超级城市，所以此处表达“新兴的超
级城市”之意，所以H项emerging意为“出现的，新兴的”符合题意。故选H项。
III.Reading Comprehension (共45分。 41-45每题1分；56-70每题2分)
Section A
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D.
Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
（2023·上海·上海市复兴高级中学校考模拟预测）Human beings have somehow managed to engineer the
night to receive us by filling it with light. This kind of control is no different from the feat ( 壮 举 ) of damming a
river. Its benefits come with 4 1 — called light pollution — whose effects scientists are only now
beginning to study. Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design. 4 2 lighting washes out the
darkness of night, altering light levels and light rhythms to which many forms of life, including ourselves, have
4 3 . Wherever man-made light spills into the natural world, some aspects of life-migration, reproduction,
feeding-is affected.
For most human history, the phrase “light pollution” would have 4 4 . Imagine walking towards
London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city. Nearly a million people lived
there, 4 5 candles, torches and lanterns, as they always had. Only a few houses were lit by gas, and there
would be no public gaslights in the streets or squares for another seven years. From a few miles away, you would
have been more likely to 4 6 London than to see its dim collective glow.
We’ve lit up the night as if it were a(n) 4 7 country. As a matter of fact, among mammals alone, the
number of species active at night is astonishing. Light is a powerful biological force, and on many species it acts as
a magnet attracting them to it. The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being 4 8
by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms, circling and circling in the thousands
until they drop.
It was once thought that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its
glorious clarity. Unlike astronomers, most of us may not need a 4 9 view of the night sky for our work.
5 0 , like most other creatures, we do need darkness. 5 1 darkness is pointless. It is as essential to
maintaining our biological welfare as 5 2 itself; the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it
doesn’t operate as it should, causing various physical discomforts. So fundamental are the regular rhythms ofwaking and sleep to our being that 5 3 them is similar to altering our center of gravity.
In a very real sense, light pollution causes us to 5 4 our true place in the universe, to forget the
scale of our being, which is best 5 5 against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way — the
edge of our galaxy — arching overhead.
41. A．consequences B．achievements C．agreements D．circumstances
42. A．Randomly-designed B．Well-designed
C．Poorly-designed D．Economically-designed
43. A．appealed B．adapted C．objected D．amounted
44. A．come under criticism B．made no difference
C．come into effect D．made no sense
45. A．making do with B．fed up with
C．identifying with D．overflowing with
46. A．visit B．greet C．feel D．smell
47. A．independent B．disconnected C．unoccupied D．excluded
48. A．exposed B．captured C．dismissed D．frustrated
49. A．clear B．comprehensive C．traditional D．critical
50. A．Subsequently B．However C．Therefore D．Similarly
51. A．Reviewing B．Embracing C．Denying D．Regulating
52. A．light B．rhythm C．status D．dawn
53. A．emerging from B．withdrawing from C．messing with D．coinciding with
54. A．keep track of B．lose sight of C．catch hold of D．let go of
55. A．measured B．neutralized C．undergone D．supervised
【答案】
41．A 42．C 43．B 44．D 45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 49．A 50．B
51．C 52．A 53．C 54．B 55．A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了因为人类照明导致的光污染相关情况。
41．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它的好处伴随着被称为光污染的后果，科学家们现在才开始研究光污染的
影响。A. consequences结果；B. achievements成就；C. agreement同意；D. circumstances情况。根据下文
“light pollution (光污染)”可知，这是人类黑夜使用灯光造成的结果。故选A项。
42．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：拙劣设计的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改变包括我们在内的许多生命形式所适应的光线水平和光线节奏。A. Randomly-designed 随意设计的；B. Well-designed 好好设计的；C.
Poorly-designed 拙劣设计的；D. Economically-designed 经济实惠设计的。根据上文“Light pollution is
largely the result of bad lighting design. (光污染在很大程度上是不良照明设计的结果)”可知，本文探讨的光污
染与不良照明设计关系密切，即拙劣设计的照明。故选C项。
43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拙劣设计的的照明消除夜晚的黑暗，改变包括我们在内的许多生命形式所
适应的光线水平和光线节奏。A. appealed呼吁；B. adapted使适应；C. objected反对；D. amounted共计。
根据上文“altering light levels and light rhythms (改变光线水平和光线节奏)”可推测，发生改变的是大家习以
为常的光线水平和节奏，而动词搭配adapt to意为“使适应”，此处表示人们以及适应的光线水平和节奏
被改变，符合语境。故选B项。
44．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于大多数人类历史而言，“光污染”这一短语毫无意义。A. come under
criticism遭受批评；B. made no difference没区别；C. come into effect生效；D. made no sense没意义。根据
下文“Imagine walking towards London on a moonlit night around 1800, when it was Earth’s most populous city.
(想象一下，大概在1800年，在一个月明的夜晚走向伦敦这个地球上人口最多的城市)”可知，人类历史上
很长一段时间大家并没意识到光污染这件事情，因此“光污染”这一短语毫无意义。故选D项。
45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：近一百万人住在那里，像往常一样，凑合着使用蜡烛、火把和灯笼。A.
making do with凑合着用；B. fed up with使对……厌烦；C. identifying with认同；D. overflowing with充满。
根据下文“Only a few houses were lit by gas (只有几所房子被煤气点亮)”可知，许多家庭无法使用煤气灯，
凑合使用蜡烛等照明。故选A项。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几英里之外，你更可能闻到伦敦的味道，而不是看到它暗淡的集体光芒。
A. visit参观；B. greet打招呼；C. feel感受；D. smell闻。根据上文“candles, torches and lanterns (蜡烛、火
把和灯笼)”和“gas (煤气)”可知，这些照明方式有很重的气味，可能先闻到气味才能看见灯光。故选D项。
47．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们点亮了夜晚，仿佛这是一个无人居住的国家。A. independent独立的；
B. disconnected不连贯的；C. unoccupied空置的；D. excluded排除在外的。根据下文“Light is a powerful
biological force, and on many species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. (光是一种强大的生物力，对许多
物种来说，它就像一块磁铁，吸引着它们)”可知，因为照明的灯光，夜晚不再是原本意义上的夜晚，生物
物种都被照明灯光吸引，不在身处黑夜，故可将这样的夜晚比喻成没有物种，空置的地方。故选C项。
48．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种效应是如此强大，以至于科学家们说，鸣禽和海鸟被陆地上的探照灯
或海洋石油平台上的废气燃烧器所捕获，数千只在空中盘旋，直到坠落。A. exposed暴露；B. captured捕
获；C. dismissed解雇；D. frustrated使受挫。根据上文“Light is a powerful biological force, and on many
species it acts as a magnet attracting them to it. (光是一种强大的生物力，对许多物种来说，它就像一块磁铁，吸引着它们)”可知，这些鸣禽海鸟被陆地上的探照灯或海洋石油平台上的废气燃烧器产生的灯光吸引，最
终掉落，可以比喻为被捕获。故选B项。
49．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：与天文学家不同，我们大多数人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜空。A. clear
清楚的；B. comprehensive全面的；C. traditional传统的；D. critical批评的。根据上文“It was once thought
that light pollution only affected astronomers, who need to see the night sky in all its glorious clarity. (曾经有人认
为光污染只会影响天文学家，他们需要看到夜空的明亮)”可知，此处把天文学家和大多数普通人作对比，
天文学家需要清晰的夜空，而普通人不需要。故选A项。
50．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，和大多数生物一样，我们的确需要黑暗。A. Subsequently随后；B.
However然而；C. Therefore因此；D. Similarly相似地。根据上文“Unlike astronomers, most of us may not
need a clear view of the night sky for our work. (与天文学家不同，我们大多数人的工作可能不需要清晰的夜
空)”可知，这与下文“我们的确需要黑暗”形成转折关系。故选B项。
51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：否认黑暗是无意义的。A. Reviewing复习；B. Embracing拥抱；C. Denying
否认；D. Regulating调节。根据下文“It is as essential to maintaining our biological welfare as light itself (它对
维持我们的生物福利和光本身一样重要)”可知，此处it指代的“黑暗”本身对我们生物而言很重要，和光
线一样必不可少，因此我们不能否认它。故选C项。
52．考查名词词义辨析。句意：它就像光本身一样，对维持我们的生物福利至关重要；改变我们体内生物
钟的代价意味着它不能正常工作，导致各种身体不适。A. light光；B. rhythm节奏；C. status身份；D.
dawn黎明。根据上文“Denying darkness is pointless. (否认黑暗是无意义的)”可知，前后两句在对比黑暗和
光线，二者一样重要，空格处应该填light“光”。故选A项。
53．考查动词短语辨析。句意：清醒和睡眠的规律对我们来说是如此的基本，以至于打乱它们就像改变我
们的重心。A. emerging from来自；B. withdrawing from从……中退出；C. messing with打乱；D. coinciding
with与……一致。根据上文“the price of modifying our internal clockwork means it doesn’t operate as it should,
causing various physical discomforts. (修改我们内部时钟的代价意味着它不能正常工作，导致各种身体不
适)”可知，修改内部时钟即意味着打乱清醒和睡眠的节奏。故选C项。
54．考查动词短语辨析。句意：从某种非常实际的意义上来说，光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实
位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模，而衡量人类位置和规模的最佳对照就是悬拱于头顶、处在星系边缘的
银河所在的幽深夜空。A. keep track of了解……的动态；B. lose sight of看不见；C. catch hold of抓住；D.
let go of放开。根据下文“our true place in the universe (我们在宇宙中的真实位置)”可知，位置是需要用眼
睛看的，而光污染使我们看不清天空，故也看不见我们在宇宙中的位置。故选B项。
55．考查动词词义辨析。句意：从某种非常实际的意义上来说，光污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模，而衡量人类位置和规模的最佳对照就是悬拱于头顶、处在星系边缘的
银河所在的幽深夜空。A. measured衡量；B. neutralized使无效；C. undergone经受；D. supervised监督。根
据上文“light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe, to forget the scale of our being (光
污染使我们看不到我们在宇宙中的真实位置，忘记了我们人类存在的规模)”可知，此处所提到的“我们在
宇宙中的真实位置”以及“我们人类存在的规模”都是我们应该清楚的东西，而清楚的方式就是用黑夜来
进行对比，词组measure against意为“使相比较，衡量”符合语境。故选A项。
Section B
Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according
to the information given in the passage you have just read.
(A)
（2023·上海·上海市民办文绮中学校考三模）As a boy, when Jonny Kinkead wasn’t making things using
the tools in his dad’s garage, he was messing about with a guitar. And the two pre-occupations have been his living
for the past four decades: building steel-string guitars by hand. “The guitar still appeals to me,” he says. “Making a
sound out of wood—it’s amazing what you can do.”
Jonny learned to play his brother’s guitar when he was eleven. Then, when he was sixteen, he wanted to learn
the bass guitar. “Some people would have got a holiday job and saved up and bought one,” he says. “But I was of a
mindset that if you wanted something, you made it.”
Although the bass was the first instrument Jonny built from nothing, he and his brothers had long been doing
essentially the same thing with other items. “I made model boats and aeroplanes as a child, so I was familiar with
that process. My father had taught me and my brothers how to use tools, and we had free materials in the garage.”
Jonny had also been customizing and repairing instruments for his mates.
Jonny’s bass guitar turned out well, but the idea of a career building guitars had yet to cross his mind. “My
ambition then was to be a sculptor,” he says. His interests evolved further and on finishing school, he chose to
study architecture at university. Halfway through the course, however, he dropped out, but left with a clearer idea of
what he wanted to do and started to think seriously about guitar making. “I was still interested in painting and
sculpture but I realized that when you are building guitars, you’re actually sculpting sound.” In addition, he
explains, “I thought this might be more reliable than being an artist as it’s craft-based.”
Ever since then, Jonny has made guitars for a living. For the first ten years, he added to his income by cleaningwindows part-time. The first guitars he sold only went for the cost of the materials, but as he developed a reputation
as one of the best guitar-makers around, he was able to charge a little more. But even now, almost forty years later,
Jonny describes what he does as “still scratching a living”. He admits he can never actually turn out more than ten
guitars a year, which inevitably restricts his earnings.
56．Why did Jonny choose to make a bass guitar for himself in his teens?
A．He regarded it as the natural thing to do.
B．He feared that he would not be able to afford one.
C．He saw it as good practice for making other guitars.
D．He thought he could ensure it was in the style he wanted.
57．In paragraph 3, “that process” refers to _____.
A．doing some favours for friends B．cooperating with his brothers
C．creating something from nothing D．getting tools and materials ready
58．What does Jonny say about the architecture course he attended?
A．It gave him the chance to explore different types of art.
B．It helped him become financially independent.
C．It provided him with ideas for guitar design.
D．It enabled him to decide on a career path.
59．Jonny suggests that the main reason for his low income is _____.
A．the high cost of the materials he makes guitars with
B．the small number of guitars that he produces
C．the limited demand for hand-made guitars
D．the competition between guitar-makers
【答案】56．A 57．C 58．D 59．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述Jonny Kinkead由于小时候的经历在念大学时决定选择制作低音
吉他作为自己的职业。
56．细节理解题。根据第二段的“ “Some people would have got a holiday job and saved up and bought one,”
he says. “But I was of a mindset that if you wanted something, you made it.” (他说：“有些人会找到一份假期工
作，然后存起来买一份。”。“但我的想法，如果你想要什么，你就自己做。”)”可知，Jonny在十几岁时
选择自己做一把贝斯吉他是因为他认为自己做是理所当然的。故选A。
57．词句猜测题。根据第三段的“Although the bass was the first instrument Jonny built from nothing, he and
his brothers had long been doing essentially the same thing with other items.“I made model boats and aeroplanes asa child, so I was familiar with that process. (尽管低音贝斯是Jonny从无到有制作的第一种乐器，但他和他的
兄弟们长期以来一直在对其他乐器做基本相同的事情。“我小时候做过模型船和飞机，所以我对这个过程
很熟悉。”)”可知，Jonny和兄弟们长期以来在父亲的指导下自己制作乐器，这是一个从无到有的创造过程。
由此猜测that process指的是“从无到有制作一件东西”。故选C。
58．细节理解题。根据第四段的“Jonny’s bass guitar turned out well, but the idea of a career building guitars
had yet to cross his mind. “My ambition then was to be a sculptor,” he says. His interests evolved further and on
finishing school, he chose to study architecture at university. Halfway through the course, however, he dropped out,
but left with a clearer idea of what he wanted to do and started to think seriously about guitar making. (乔尼的低音
吉他非常不错，但他还没有想过要用吉他来建立职业生涯。“当时我的志向是成为一名雕塑家，”他说。
他的兴趣进一步发展，在完成学业后，他选择在大学学习建筑。然而，课程进行到一半时，他退出了，但
离开时对自己想做什么有了更清晰的想法，并开始认真思考吉他制作)”可知，Jonny所上的建筑学课程促使
他决定了以制作吉他为职业。故选D。
59．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“He admits he can never actually turn out more than ten guitars a year,
which inevitably restricts his earnings. (他承认，实际上他一年制作的吉他永远不会超过10把，这不可避免地
限制了他的收入)”可知，Jonny认为他的低收入是因为他制作的吉他数量很少——一年不超过10把。故选
B。
(B)
（2023·上海·南洋中学校考三模）What is PayQwiq?
PayQwiq is a fast and secure payment service that helps you go quickly through the Tesco checkout. It lets you
add your credit or debit card details to the app so you can use your smartphone to pay for your shopping with just
one scan. Not only that but it collects your Clubcard points automatically. This means you can now go wallet-free
in all UK Tesco stores. So why not give it a go? It only takes a moment to download and you will receive these
benefits:
Collect your Clubcard points automatically
Pay for your weekly shop up to £250
Use payQwiq offline, even with no signal
Track your spending in Tesco
Sign up to PayQwiq and collect 100 extra Clubcard points for each week you pay with the app, for up to 5
weeks—that’s up to 500 extra points.Available to new customers who sign up by 3 September 2018 and make all payments by 31 October 2018.
One offer per customer. Only one qualifying deal per week will collect the extra points. Additional payments in the
same week will not receive extra points. Clubcard points will be added to a future Clubcard statement.
How does it work?
Head to the App Store or Google Play to download the PayQwiq app.
As soon as you’ve added your card details, you’ll be ready to shop using just your phone.
And there’s no need to worry about your bank details being stored on your phone—they’re all securely
protected in our data centers. So not only it is quicker and easier, it’s safer too.
60．If customers use PayQwiq in UK Tesco stores, they can _______.
A．get Clubcard points automatically B．pay for their weekly shop without limit
C．budget their everyday spending D．win 500 extra points at a time
61．From the passage we can learn that _______.
A．users must sign up by 3 September 2018
B．users needn’t add their payment card information
C．PayQwiq can guarantee both convenience and safety
D．PayQwiq can be downloaded only from the App Store
62．What is the purpose of this passage?
A．To stress the importance of PayQwiq. B．To popularize the use of PayQwiq.
C．To describe the feasibility of PayQwiq. D．To ensure the safety of PayQwiq.
【答案】60．A 61．C 62．B
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了名为PayQwiq的支付服务，介绍了其提供的好处以及工作方式。
60．细节理解题。根据第一段“Not only that but it collects your Clubcard points automatically.(不仅如此，它
还会自动收集你的会员卡积分)”可知，如果顾客在英国乐购商店使用PayQwiq，他们可以自动获得会员卡
积分。故选A。
61．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“As soon as you’ve added your card details, you’ll be ready to shop using
just your phone.(一旦你添加了信用卡的详细信息，你就可以只用手机购物了)”以及最后一段“And there’s
no need to worry about your bank details being stored on your phone—they’re all securely protected in our data
centers.(你也不必担心你的银行信息会被存储在手机上——它们都在我们的数据中心得到安全保护)”可知，
PayQwiq既方便又安全。故选C。
62．推理判断题。根据第一段“PayQwiq is a fast and secure payment service that helps you go quickly through
the Tesco checkout. (PayQwiq是一种快速安全的支付服务，可以帮助您快速通过Tesco结账)”结合文章主要介绍了名为PayQwiq的支付服务，介绍了其提供的好处以及工作方式。可推知，这篇文章的目的是推广
PayQwiq的使用。故选B。
(C)
（2023·上海·卢湾高级中学校考三模）On June 22, 1927, Charles Lindbergh flew into Dayton, Ohio of the
US, for dinner at Orville Wright’s house. It had been just a month since the young aviator (飞行家) completed the
first ever solo nonstop crossing of the Atlantic, and he felt he ought to pay his respects to the celebrated pioneer of
flight.
Forty-two years later, on July 16, 1969, Apollo 11 astronaut Neil Armstrong was allowed to bring a personal
guest to the Kennedy Space Center to witness the launch of NASA’s towering Saturn V rocket. Armstrong invited
his hero, Charles Lindbergh.
One man, Lindbergh, could be the living link between the pilot of the first powered flight and the commander
of the first mission to another world.
In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist
Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized
agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth
simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the
special century.”
Since 1970 the only notable creation has been the ever-growing increase in computing power in the form of
the Internet and our mobile devices. But in most other ways, Gordon argues, the lives of people in developed
nations look and feel the same in 2019 as they did in 1979 or 1989.
Consider consumer robotics. There’s enormous potential for robots to help us with housework, education,
entertainment and medical care. But home robotics companies seem to keep folding. So far, the only commercially
successful home robot, the Roomba vacuum cleaner, hit the market in 2002.
Or consider access to space. In 2007 the XPRIZE Foundation offered $30 million in prizes to commercial
teams that would compete to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2018. Although five teams had built rovers, all
had trouble raising enough money to buy launch contracts.
Meanwhile the list of potentially world-changing technologies that get lots of press ink but remain stubbornly
in the prototype (雏形) phase is very long. Self-driving cars, flying cars, gene therapy, nuclear fusion. Need I
continue?
Granted, these are all hard problems. But historically, solving the really big problems—rural electrification,for example—has required sustained, large-scale investments, often with private markets and taxpayers splitting the
burden. In this century, we urgently need to undo some of the consequences of the last great boom by developing
affordable zero-and negative-emissions technologies. That’s another hard problem—and to solve it, we’ll need to
recapture some of what made the “special century” so special.
63．In the beginning of the passage, the author used the story Charles Lindberg to _____.
A．explain technology advanced fast in the past 100 years
B．infer most aviators are likely to know each other well
C．prove this man was a key historic figure of the past century
D．point out we should be grateful to such a pioneering inventor
64．Why does Robert Gordon call the past 100 years “the special century”?
A．Computing power keeps growing at a high speed.
B．New things keep coming up to make life easier.
C．Human life has become highly mechanized.
D．People have been trained to be more creative.
65．What can be inferred from the example of access to space in paragraph 7?
A．Big innovations can’t be achieved without constant financial support.
B．Technological development can’t be gained if it is not applied practically.
C．Scientific projects are not considered valuable unless commercially successful.
D．New creations are not worth making unless significantly improving people’s lives.
66．Which of the following best summarizes the passage?
A．Sustained and large-scale investments are harder to get now than before.
B．People are facing a time with more difficult problems than it used to be.
C．Major technological shifts are fewer and farther between than they were.
D．Solutions to the really big problems are fewer than we could expect.
【答案】63．A 64．B 65．A 66．C
【导语】文章是一篇说明文。文章通过对比前100年和这个世纪的可能改变世界的技术，发现这个世纪的
技术创新和经济增长都变得很慢。
63．推理判断题。根据第三段“One man, Lindbergh, could be the living link between the pilot of the first
powered flight and the commander of the first mission to another world. (一个人，林德伯格，可能是第一次动
力飞行的飞行员和第一次飞往另一个世界的任务的指挥官之间的活生生的联系。)”和第四段“In our
century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be. Northwestern University economist Robert Gordonargues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture,
highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that, innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t
keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” (在
我们这个世纪，不管是好是坏，进步都不如从前。西北大学的经济学家罗伯特·戈登认为，到1970年，现
代生活的所有关键技术都已经到位：电力、机械化农业、高速公路、航空旅行、电信等等。在那之后，创
新和经济增长根本无法保持前100年的惊人速度——戈登称之为“特殊世纪”。)”可推断作者用了查尔斯·
林德伯格的故事解释过去100年来科技的飞速发展，故选A。
64．细节理解题。根据第四段“In our century, for better or worse, progress isn’t what it used to be.
Northwestern University economist Robert Gordon argues that by 1970, all the key technologies of modern life
were in place: electricity, mechanized agriculture, highways, air travel, telecommunications, and the like. After that,
innovation and economic growth simply couldn’t keep going at the breakneck pace set over the previous 100 years
—a period Gordon calls “the special century.” (在我们这个世纪，不管是好是坏，进步都不如从前。西北大学
的经济学家罗伯特·戈登认为，到1970年，现代生活的所有关键技术都已经到位：电力、机械化农业、高
速公路、航空旅行、电信等等。在那之后，创新和经济增长根本无法保持前100年的惊人速度——戈登称
之为“特殊世纪”。)”可知罗伯特·戈登把过去的100年称为“特殊的世纪”是因为新事物不断涌现，使生
活更轻松。故选B。
65．推理判断题。根据第七段“In 2007 the XPRIZE Foundation offered $30 million in prizes to commercial
teams that would compete to land a robotic rover on the moon by 2018. Although five teams had built rovers, all
had trouble raising enough money to buy launch contracts. (2007年，XPRIZE基金会向商业团队提供了3000万
美元的奖金，这些团队将竞争在2018年之前将机器人探测器送上月球。尽管有五个团队建造了探测器，但
都难以筹集到足够的资金来购买发射合同。)”可推断这个利用空间的例子说明没有持续的资金支持，就无
法实现重大创新。故选A。
66．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其最后一段“In this century, we urgently need to undo some of the
consequences of the last great boom by developing affordable zero-and negative-emissions technologies. That’s
another hard problem—and to solve it, we’ll need to recapture some of what made the “special century” so special.
(在本世纪，我们迫切需要通过开发负担得起的零排放和负排放技术来消除上一次经济大繁荣带来的一些后
果。这是另一个难题——为了解决这个问题，我们需要重新找回让这个“特殊世纪”如此特别的一些东
西。)”可知文章主要讲述对比前100年，这个世纪的技术创新和经济增长都变得很慢，因此C选项“重大
的技术变革比以前少了，间隔也远了。”符合本文大意，故选C。Section C
Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used
once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need.（2023·上海南洋模范中学校考三模）
A. Your furry companion obtains comfort and security from enclosed spaces.
B. Others prefer shoes, bowls, shopping bags, coffee mugs, empty egg cartons, and other small, enclosed
spaces.
C. She found a significant difference in stress levels between cats that had the boxes and those that didn’t.
D. A box, in this sense, can often represent a safe zone, a place where sources of anxiety, hostility (恶意), and
unwanted attention simply disappear.
E. So rather than work things out, cats tend to simply run away from their problems or avoid them altogether.
F. Thankfully, behavioral biologists and veterinarians have come up with a few interesting explanations.
Why Do Cats Love Boxes So Much?
There is an object that’s pretty much guaranteed to arouse your cat’s interest. That object, as the Internet has so
thoroughly documented, is a box. Any box, really. Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t
fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的) mystery.
____67____ In fact, when you look at all the evidence together, it could be that your cat may not just like
boxes, he may need them.
The box-and-whisker plot
Understanding the feline mind is extremely difficult. Still, there’s a sizable amount of behavioral research on
cats who are, well, used for other kinds of research. These studies have been taking place for more than 50 years
and they make one thing quite clear: ____68____
This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of
separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology.
Ethologist Claudia Vinke of Utrecht University in the Netherlands is one of the latest researchers to study
stress levels in shelter cats. Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for
a group of newly arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. ____69____ In effect, the cats with
boxes got used to their new surroundings faster, were far less stressed early on, and were more interested in
interacting with humans.
The ‘If it fits, I sits’ principle
Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax.
Some curl up in a bathroom sink. ____70____ This brings us to the other reason why your cat may like
particularly small boxes: It’s really cold out.So there you have it: Boxes are insulating, stress-relieving, comfort zones—places where cats can hide, relax,
sleep, and occasionally launch a surprise attack against the huge, unpredictable apes they live with.
【答案】67. F 68. A 69. C 70. B
【解析】
【导语】本是一篇说明文。主要介绍了猫喜欢盒子的原因。
【67题详解】
上文“Like many other really strange things cats do, science hasn’t fully cracked this particular feline (猫科的)
mystery. (就像猫做的许多其他非常奇怪的事情一样，科学还没有完全破解这种特殊的神秘的猫科动物)”说
明猫科动物很神秘，与空格处是转折关系，因此F项“值得庆幸的是，行为生物学家和兽医提出了一些有
趣的解释”符合语境，故选F。
【68题详解】
下文“This is likely true for a number of reasons, but for cats in stressful situations, a box or some other type of
separate enclosure can have a strong impact on both their behavior and physiology.(这可能有很多原因，但对于
处于压力环境中的猫来说，一个盒子或其他类型的单独围栏会对它们的行为和生理产生强烈影响。)”说明
猫处于压力环境中需要有缓解压力的空间，因此A项“你的毛茸茸的同伴从封闭的空间中获得舒适和安
全”符合语境，故选A。
【69题详解】
上文“Working with domestic cats in a Dutch animal shelter, Vinke provided hiding boxes for a group of newly
arrived cats while keeping another group from them entirely. (Vinke在荷兰的一家动物收容所与家猫合作，为
一群新来的猫提供了隐藏箱，同时让另一群猫完全远离它们)”说明的是Vinke做的实验，空格处是实验得
出的结果，因此C项“她发现有盒子的猫和没有盒子的猫在压力水平上有显著差异”符合语境，故选C。
【70题详解】
上文“Some feline observers will note that in addition to boxes, many cats seem to pick other odd places to relax.
(一些猫科动物观察者会注意到，除了盒子，许多猫似乎还会选择其他奇怪的地方放松。)”说明猫科动物
喜欢的狭小的奇奇怪怪的空间，空格处是具体的奇怪的地方，因此B项“其他猫更喜欢鞋子、碗、购物袋、
咖啡杯、空鸡蛋盒和其他小的封闭空间”符合语境，故选B。
IV.Summary Writing (共10分）
Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more
than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.
（2023·上海·上海市建平中学校考三模） Multi-taskingAre you a multitasker? Do you watch TV and cook dinner at the same time? Do you often interrupt your work
to check your email? Do you talk on your phone while you’re driving? If you do these or similar things, then you
are one of many multitaskers. According to a survey by the magazine Scientific American MIND, 90 percent of
American adults multitask regularly.
Most people say they multitask because they are too busy, and multitasking saves time. Popular electronic
devices like tablets and smart phones make it convenient to do several tasks at once, so people feel like they are
getting more done. Melissa Brown of Evanston, Illinois, says she has no trouble listening to music, surfing the
Internet, and sending text messages to friends while she does her homework.
Recent studies, however, show that Melissa and others like her are perhaps getting less done than they think
they are. That’s because with multitasking, there are actually many “microinterruptions” in which people stop one
task, start another, and eventually return to the first one. These stops and starts make it difficult to concentrate, and
so multitaskers actually waste time, according to a study at Microsoft Corporation. In the study, workers who
interrupted their work to answer an email or text message took an average of 15 minutes to return to the work they
were doing before the interruption.
Some psychologists say that the human brain just isn’t good at concentrating on two things at the same time.
This doesn’t matter if you’re only preparing a salad and listening to the radio, they say. But if you’re doing a
difficult task that requires thinking, like writing a report, then multitasking can slow you down and cause mistakes.
It can even be dangerous, as in the case of people who talk on the phone, eat, or even apply makeup while driving.
71.__________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________
【答案】One possible version:
Multitasking has become a popular habit mainly because they feel too busy and multitasking helps save time.
However, studies show multitasking leads to “microinterruptions,” making it difficult to concentrate and waste
time, causing low productivity. Moreover, as humans are not good at concentrating on two things simultaneously,
multitasking can make people slow at work and cause mistakes and dangers.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说，多任务处理已经成为一种流行的习惯，主要是因为他们觉得太忙了，而多任务处理有助于节省时间。然而，研究表明，多任务处理会导致“微干扰”，使人难以集中注
意力，浪费时间，导致效率低下。此外，由于人类不擅长同时专注于两件事，多任务处理会使人们工作速
度变慢，并导致错误和危险。
【详解】1.要点摘录
①According to a survey by the magazine Scientific American MIND, 90 percent of American adults multitask
regularly. Most people say they multitask because they are too busy, and multitasking saves time.
②These stops and starts make it difficult to concentrate, and so multitaskers actually waste time, according to a
study at Microsoft Corporation. In the study, workers who interrupted their work to answer an email or text
message took an average of 15 minutes to return to the work they were doing before the interruption.
③Some psychologists say that the human brain just isn’t good at concentrating on two things at the same time. This
doesn’t matter if you’re only preparing a salad and listening to the radio, they say. But if you’re doing a difficult
task that requires thinking, like writing a report, then multitasking can slow you down and cause mistakes.
2.缜密构思
将第1个要点进行总说，将第2、3三个要点进行分说。
3.遣词造句
Multitasking has become a popular habit mainly since they feel too occupied and multitasking helps save time.
But studies show multitasking contributes to “microinterruptions,” making it hard to concentrate and waste time,
causing low productivity.
Besides, as humans are not expert at focusing on two things simultaneously, multitasking can make people slow at
work and cause mistakes and dangers.
【点睛】[高分句型 1] Multitasking has become a popular habit mainly because they feel too busy and
multitasking helps save time.运用because引导原因状语从句原文第一段和第二段进行了概括。
[高分句型2] But studies show multitasking contributes to “microinterruptions,” making it hard to concentrate and
waste time, causing low productivity.用现在分词作状语对第三段进行了概括，表达非常高级。
V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。)
Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets
72.（2023·上海南洋模范中学校考模拟预测）建议家长们尽量多花点时间陪伴孩子。 (accompany)
【答案】Parents are advised to spend as much time as possible (in) accompanying their children.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态语态。主语为复数名词 parents；表示“建议”应用advise，与主语构成被动关系，为一般现在时的被动语态；表示“尽量多花点时间”短语为 spend as much time as possible (in)；表
示“陪伴孩子”应用动名词短语accompanying their children，作宾语。故翻译为Parents are advised to spend
as much time as possible (in) accompanying their children.
73．（2023·上海中学校考模拟预测）显而易见，照片上的形象与我眼前的这个人一点不像。（look）
【答案】Obviously, the image in the photo looks nothing like the person in front of me.
【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和短语。根据所给中文提示词，“显而易见”应该做状语，修饰后面整个句
子，译为“obviously”，本句主语是“形象”，“照片上的”做定语修饰主语，所以译为“the image in the
photo”，谓语动词根据题干要求，需用 look，再根据句意此处应该用固定搭配：look like意为“看起来
像”，“与我眼前的这个人一点不像”应译为“look nothing like the person in front of me”描述的是客观事
实，应该用一般现在时，主语是“the image”为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用“looks”。故译为：
Obviously, the image in the photo looks nothing like the person in front of me.
74．（2023·上海复旦附中模拟预测）过去的三年里，这个曾经无人问津的小村庄吸引了大量游客。
(attract)
【答案】Over the past three years, this once deserted village has attracted a large number of tourists.
【详解】考查动词、短语和名词。表示“过去的三年里”应用over the past three yearsr作时间状语；表示
“这个曾经无人问津的小村庄”可以用this once deserted village作主语；表示“吸引”用动词attract,时间
状语是“过去的三年里”，用现在完成时，主语“小村庄”是单数，故用 has attracted；表示“大量游客”
可以用a large number of tourists。故翻译为Over the past three years, this once deserted village has attracted a
large number of tourists。
75. （2023·上海建平中学三模）这座公园设施陈旧，疏于管理，荒草丛生，经改造后，却让人眼前一亮。
(absence)
【答案】Though the park with outdated facilities/, whose facilities were outdated, was overgrown with weed in
the absence of proper management, it amazed people / made an impression on people/ gave people a surprise after
being rebuilt/transformed.
【解析】
【详解】考查固定短语和时态。引导让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though；表示“这座公园设施陈
旧”翻译为the park with outdated facilities或翻译为whose引导的定语从句，whose facilities were outdated；
表示“疏于管理，荒草丛生”翻译为be overgrown with weed in the absence of proper management；表示“让
人眼前一亮”可用it作形式，动词amaze或短语make an impression on或give people a surprise作谓语；表
示“经改造后”翻译为 after being rebuilt/transformed。为一般过去时。故翻译为 Though the park withoutdated facilities/, whose facilities were outdated, was overgrown with weed in the absence of proper
management, it amazed people / made an impression on people/ gave people a surprise after being
rebuilt/transformed.
VI.Guided Writing (共25分)
Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese
（上海市育才中学2023-2024学年高三上学期10月第一次阶段检测）
假设你是明启中学高三学生李华，学校即将举办运动会，各班为自己的班级准备班服，需设计班服“T恤
logo或图案”，请撰写一篇文章，介绍自己设计的T恤logo或图案，供班级同学阅读。内容须包括：
1)对该logo或图案的简要描述;
2)你设计该logo或图案的原因。
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
【参考答案】
My T-shirt design for our class is a combination of our school name and a symbol of unity. The logo consists
of the letters "MQ" from our school name, Ming Qi, with a stylized arrow passing through them horizontally. The
letters are bold and in a contrasting color to make them stand out. The arrow symbolizes progress and moving
forward together as a class.
I chose this design because I believe it represents our class perfectly. The letters "MQ" represent our school
and the unity that we have as a class, while the arrow symbolizes our determination and progress. We are all
working towards a common goal, and this logo reminds us of that every time we wear it. It also serves as a
reminder to stay focused and keep moving forward, even when faced with challenges.
I hope that our class will find this design appealing and meaningful. It will serve as a reminder of our shared
goals and the strength we have as a class.
【解析】
【导语】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。要求考生对于学校即将举办运动会，各班为自己的班级准备班服，
需设计班服“T恤logo或图案”这一情况，撰写一篇文章，介绍自己设计的T恤logo或图案，供班级同学
阅读。【详解】1.词汇积累
吸引人的：appealing→ attractive
选择：chose → selected
目标：goal→ aim
专注的：focused→ dedicated
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：The letters are bold and in a contrasting color to make them stand out.
拓展句：The letters are bold and in a contrasting color, which make them stand out.
【点睛】【高分句型1】The logo consists of the letters "MQ" from our school name, Ming Qi, with a stylized
arrow passing through them horizontally.（运用了with的复合结构作状语。）
【高分句型2】I chose this design because I believe it represents our class perfectly.（运用了连词because引导
的原因状语从句。）
