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考点 01 冠词（原卷版）
【命题趋势】
冠词是历年高考英语试题中的常考点。主要考查在理解冠词基本含义的基础上，在具体语境下的冠词
的运用，主要包括定冠词和不定冠词的用法区别，特指与泛指以及习语中的冠词用法。
【重要考向】
一、不定冠词a, an用法；
二、定冠词the的用法；
三、含有冠词的词组辨析。
考向一
不定冠词
【典例】
【2021全国新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空】While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is ______ must to visit!
【 不定冠词提分秘籍 】
不定冠词有两个，a 和 an。a用在辅音开头（不是辅音字母，是音标）的单词前面；an用于以元音开头
（不是元音字母，是音标）的单词前。如：a book, an apple；a university，an hour.
1．指人或事物的某一类，这是不定冠词的基本用法
A car rans faster than a truck.
小汽车比卡车跑得快。
2．表示数量“一个”，但一般不能与one互换
Rome was not built in a day.
罗马不是一天建起来的。
3．指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物
A Mr. Li is waiting for you outside.
一位李先生在外面等你。
(不知道那位李先生是谁)
4．用于表示次数、速度、价格等意义的名词前，表示“每一”①He goes home to see his parents once a month.
他每月回家一次去看父母。
②He can earn five yuan an hour in the shop.
他在这家商店每小时挣五元钱。
5．表示三餐的名词前有形容词修饰时，用不定冠词
①I only want a small supper because of cold.
由于感冒晚饭我只想吃一点东西。
②People usually have quite a good dinner on festivals.
人们在过节时通常会吃一顿丰盛的大餐。
6．有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再次”“又一个”
①She invited him to come to the party a second time.
她再次邀请他来参加聚会。
②Then a third boy came to join us.
接着又一个孩子加入到我们的行列。
7．有些物质名词以及抽象名词具体化时，可用不定冠词
a paper一份报纸；a tea一杯茶；a beauty一个美人；a surprise一件意想不到的事；a pity一件遗憾的事；
an honour一个(件)光荣的人(事)
8．不定冠词还可以用于“a most＋adj.＋n.”结构，注意在句中没有表示可比较的范围状语，这时
“most”相当于“very”
Xiamen is a most beautiful coastal city and I’ll come for a second time.
厦门是个非常美丽的海滨城市，我还要再来一次。
9．不定冠词还可以用于“a＋比较级＋名词”结构，与否定词连用时，表示“从来没有比这更……”，
具有最高级含义
I have never spent a more worrying day.
我从未度过这样烦人的一天。
10．用于短语搭配中
(1)“have/take＋a(n)＋与动词同形的名词”，表示动作的一次。
have/take a rest休息一会儿；have/take a look看一下；have/take a bath洗个澡。
(2)“go out for a(n)＋名词”，表示从事某项活动。
go out for an outing去郊游；go out for a picnic去野餐。
(3)习惯搭配中。
come to an end结束；drop sb. a line给某人写信；at a disadvantage处于不利地位；in a way从一方面说；in a word总之；in a sense就某种意义来说；on a diet吃特定食物；with a view to为了，鉴于。
考向二
定冠词
【典例】
【2021浙江卷6月语法填空】
______ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
【 定冠词 提分秘籍】
1．特指某(些)人或某(些)事物，这是定冠词的基本用法
①The books on the desk were published last month.
桌子上的那些书是上个月出版的。
②The factory I mentioned has installed a new assembly line.
我提到的那家工厂已经安装了一条新的装配线。
③We were all lost in the beauty of nature.
我们都被大自然的美所陶醉。
2．再次提到前面已出现的人或事物，表示特指
①I met a friend in the street；he said he had been seriously ill.
我在街上遇见了一位朋友，他说他生过一场大病。
②He told us a story，but I was not interested in the story.
他给我们讲了一个故事，但我对这个故事不感兴趣。
3．指谈话双方彼此都知道的人或事物
We went to the station to see the manager off.
我们到车站为经理送行。
4．用在某些可数名词单数前，用来指事物的整体(总称)与其他事物的区别
①The telephone was invented by Bell.
电话是贝尔发明的。
②The elephant is much stronger than the horse.
象比马强壮得多。
5．用在表示某国人的名词前
the Chinese中国人；the French法国人；the English英国人；the Spanish西班牙人；the Dutch荷兰人；the Irish爱尔兰人；the Swiss瑞士人；the Japanese日本人。
6．某些形容词或分词前加定冠词the表示一类人(表示复数)
the homeless无家可归的人；the rich富人；the poor穷人；the blind盲人；the old老年人；the young年
轻人；the strong强者；the weak弱者；the sick病人；the wounded伤者。
7．在序数词前要加定冠词the(有时在序数词前加不定冠词，表示“再次”“又一”)
She lives on the twelfth floor.她住在十二楼。
8．在形容词最高级及形容词only(唯一的)，very(正是那个)，same(同样的)等前加定冠词the
①This is the most interesting film I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最有趣的电影。
②He must be the only student who has ever been to the city in our class.
他一定是我们班唯一去过那座城市的同学。
③That’s the very thing I’ve been looking for.
那正是我要找的东西。
9．在表示一些独一无二的东西的名词前要用定冠词the
the earth地球；the moon月亮；the sun太阳；the sky天空；the universe宇宙；the world世界；the air空
中；the ground地面。
10．用于时间、重量等单位名词之前，表示每一个单位
①The boat is hired by the hour.
小船按小时出租。
②There are two or three apples to the pound.
每磅有两三个苹果。
11．在表示方位、方向的名词前用定冠词the
in the east/south/west/north在东/南/西/北方；on the right/left在右/左边。
12．在表江河、海洋、山脉、群岛、沙漠、海峡、海湾等专有名词前，要用定冠词the
the Yellow River黄河；the Rhine莱茵河；the Pacific太平洋；the Red Sea红海；the Himalayas喜马拉雅
山脉；the British Isles不列颠群岛；the Taiwan Strait台湾海峡；the Sahara Desert撒哈拉沙漠。
13．用在逢“十”的数词前，指世纪的某个年代
in the 1980s/1980’s在20世纪80年代。
14．乐器名称前用定冠词the
She plays the piano best in her class.
她钢琴在班上弹得最好。
15．在姓氏的复数形式前加定冠词the表示“……一家”the Browns布朗一家；the Lis姓李的一家。
16．在“动词＋sb.＋介词＋the＋表身体部位的名词”的固定结构中
hit sb. in the face打某人的脸；take sb. by the arm/hand抓住某人的胳膊/手；pat sb. on the shoulder拍某
人的肩；hit sb. on the head打某人的头。
本结构中不能用物主代词替代定冠词，常用于该结构的动词有pat，strike，beat，hit，catch，put，take
等。
17．在短语搭配中
in the end最后；come to the point谈到正题；on the contrary相反；in the morning在早晨；in the distance
在远处；in the water在水中；on the subject of关于……的主题；on the air在广播。
考向三
含有冠词的词组分析
【典例】
【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
It took us about 3 hours to go all ______ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
【 冠词词组分析 提分秘籍】
英语中有不少词组，从形式看好像只有冠词之差，而实际上却是意义完全不同的词组。
1. in front of 在……（外）的前面；in the front of在……（内）的前面
There is a garden in front of the classroom. 教室前面有一个花园。（外）
There is a blackboard in the front of the classroom. 教室前面有一块黑板。（内）
2. in charge of 掌管、负责；in the charge of 在……负责之下
An experienced worker is in charge of the project. 一位有经验的个人负责这个项目。
The project is in the charge of an experienced worker. 这个项目由一位经验丰富的工人负责。
3. at table 在进餐、吃饭时；at the table 在桌旁
He seldom talks at table. 吃饭时他很少说话。
They sat at the table, talking and laughing. 他们坐在桌旁，边说边笑。
4. by day 白天、日间；by the day 按日计
He works in an office by day. 他白天在办公室工作。
Cleaning women in big cities get paid by the day. 大城市的清洁女工按日获得报酬。
5. take place 发生、举行；take the place (of) 代替、接替When did this conversation take place? 这次谈话什么时候进行的？
Electric trains have now taken the place of steam trains in our country. 在我们国家，电力火车已经取代了蒸
汽火车。
6. in words 用语言；in a word 总之
Please express your thoughts in words. 请用言语表达你的想法。
In a word, I don’t trust you. 总之，我不相信你。
7. at times 有时、不时；at a time 一次
I do feel a little nervous at times. 有时我确实感到有些紧张。
Pass me the bricks two at a time. 每次递给我两块砖。
8. little 少、不多的；a little 一些、一点儿
Hurry up, there is little time left. 快点，时间不多了。
Don’t hurry, you still have a little time. 不用急，你还有时间。
9. few 很少、几乎没有的；a few 有些、几个
He is a man of few words. 他是一个少言寡语的人。
Only a few of the children can read. 只有几个孩子会阅读。
10. a most interesting 非常有趣的；the most interesting 最有趣的（形容词的最高级）
This is a most interesting story. 这是一个非常有趣的故事。
This is the most interesting story of the three. 这是三个故事中最有趣的一个。
11. a doctor and nurse 一位医生兼护士；a doctor and a nurse 一位医生和一位护士
A doctor and nurse is standing there. 一位兼护士的医生正站在那儿。
A doctor and a nurse are standing there. 一位医生和一位护士正站在那儿。
12. a number of 许多、好些；the number of ……的数目（后面的谓语动词用单数）
A number of students are in the classroom. 许多学生在教室里。
The number of students in the classroom is forty. 教室里有40个学生。
1.【2021全国乙卷语法填空】
Due to ______ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now
being classified as ecotourism. Actually, a true eco-friendly trip must meet the following principles:2.【2020全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
The plum trees are ______ first to flower even as the snow is melting(融化). They represent the promise of spring
and a renewal of life.
3.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
Then, with ______ rise of science, changes began.
4.【2020浙江卷7月语法填空】
A child born in the US today has ______ very realistic chance of living beyond 100 and needs to plan accordingly.
5.【2019全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
Of ______ nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six are stable, one is
increasing, and nine lack enough data.
6.【2019全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
When we got a call saying she was short-listed, we thought it was ______ joke.
7.【2019浙江卷6月语法填空】
Everybody wears______ same style of clothes.
8.【2018全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ______ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7
percent.
9.【2018全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
Unexpectedly, I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ______ top of her lungs.
10.【2017全国卷Ⅰ语法填空】
As ______ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
11.【2017全国卷Ⅱ语法填空】
This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over ______ top.
12.【2017全国卷Ⅲ语法填空】
Instead, she is earning $6,500 a day as ______ model in New York.13.【2017浙江卷11月语法填空】
Like many things in life, it's ______ ongoing process, and the best part of the process is that there's enough room
for improvement, which means you'll just keep getting better and better.
14.【2017浙江卷语法填空】
For Pahlsson, its return was ______ wonder.
1.【辽宁省朝阳市建平县2021届高三9月联考】It went on to say that almost half of all museums reported ______
annual increase in visitor numbers.
2.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三仿真】Granddaughter Gayle Parks, 31—who works alongside her in the family
business —said it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for ______ award.
3.【重庆市一中2021届高三适应性考试】So, everyone was afraid of it. Zhong spent days and nights to find
______ cause of the disease.
4.【辽宁省沈阳市2021届高三教学质量监测】Whenever there is a sandstorm, it forms ______ upward air flow
between the surrounding sand mountains.
5.【辽宁百校联盟2021届高三质监】With Xiongan aiming to become a "smart, green and residents-friendly" city
that faces the future, the Xiongan Railway Station, the landmark of the area, resembles a model for such ______ future.
6. 【湖南师范大学附中2021届高三模拟】Now as ______Chinese international, Wu is working hard to show
that “there are players in China that can shine in the best leagues in the world”, he told Global Times.
7.【湖南省永州市2021届高三二模】It is also important to note that the greatest amazement (amaze) of the
journey is Chang'e 5's lunar landing site-referred to as the Ocean of Storms-on the near side of the moon, where no
probes (探测器) have paid ______ visit before.8.【湖北省武汉市2021届高三质量检测】China’s writing system forms ______ strong bridge linking the Chinese
people and culture of the present with those of the past.
9.【湖北省九师联盟2021届高三质量检测】Those amazing light shows in ______ sky of the arctic regions
occur frequently between September and October and then occur again between March and April.
10.【湖北省八市2021届高三联考】Shanghai culture is amazing, and the city is filled with smart people, dynamic
interactions, a willingness to move and an appetite for being modern while embracing diversity and creating ______
business friendly environment.
11.【湖北省2021届高三联考】The recovery team would do ______ initial processing of the capsule and then use
a plane to transport it to Beijing, where it would be opened for technicians to remove the container holding lunar
samples, then administration said.
12.【河北省张家口市2021届高三一模】It was ______ $12,000 tip.
13.【河北省衡水中学2021届高三联考】They seem to be tricked by ______ sudden darkness.
14.【河北省保定市2021届高三模拟】The differences between the upper, middle and lower reaches of the river
should be fully considered, because the Yellow River ecosystem is ______ organic whole.
15.【广东省深圳市2021届高三调研】Gan’s company has been______ great success and Gan has received lots
of awards for her achievement
16.【广东省六校2021届高三联考】Many of us are turning to activities like skipping with ______ old rope, or
watching one of the many ‘times experts’ who produce exercise videos online.
17.【广州2021届高三一模】Tea spread into northern China during the Tang Dynasty; by the Song Dynasty it had
acquired a loose-leaf production as well as the ceremonies that made its consumption ______ art form.
18.【广东省佛山市2021届高三质检】British swimmer Adam Peaty said, “As an athlete, I am certainly sad, butthis is ______ matter of life or death and we all need to do the right thing. ”
19.【福建省龙岩市 2021 届高三质检】In September 2013, after failing in the senior high school entrance
examination, Liang entered Chongqing Mechanical Technician College to study motor and electrical assembly and
maintenance (维护). He said he valued ______chance more than ever.
20.【福建省福州一中2021届高三模拟】They found that the benefits of jogging are maximized when done at
______ average or even slow pace, and just one or two hours of jogging a week can be enough for you to gain
success, regardless of your age or health condition.
21.【福建省福州市2021届高三一模】Oxen seldom bully the weak or fear ______ strong.
22.【重庆市育才中学2021届高三模拟】If you take it as ______way of life, only expecting to find ways to feel a
little better, one day you’ll notice you have changed your thinking.
23.【重庆市南开中学2021届高三模拟】He even left out food and water at the base of the tree in case they
fell______second time.
24.【重庆市巴蜀中学2021届高三模拟】Earlier this year, the Qilu Transportation Development Group, also
handling the Jinan Expressway solar road, built a 160-meter- long solar road in ______ city of Jinan.
25.【山东省青岛市 2021届高三质检】Every movement in Tai Chi represents ______ important part of old
Chinese philosophy—harmony.
26.【辽宁省辽阳市2021届高三模拟】Grandparents Day became ______ official holiday in 1978.
27.【辽宁省葫芦岛市2021届高三模拟】The person on the machine can start or stop it through______ simple
controller.
28.【江苏省如皋市2021届高三调研】Children were responsible for ______ vast majority of cases—95% of
objects from noses and 85% ears.29.【江苏省南通市通州区2021届高三质量监测】Of course, swimming is also______ great way to cool down
on a hot day!
30.【江苏省海安高级中学2021届高三五调】However，connecting with other humans is______ big part of
Laughter Yoga’s success in helping people feel better and experience more joy.
31.【江苏省常州高级中学2021届高三调研】Through Western color and Chinese painting techniques, Deng has
been looking for ______ crossing between Eastern and Western art styles.
32.【湖南省长沙一中2021届高三四调】The students returned to school with ______ sense of achievement, a
feeling that they helped people in need.
33.【湖南省长沙市一中2021届高三三调】Don't do this in ______ obvious way because this is annoying，but
do it without his awareness of your intention．
34.【湖北省孝感高中2021届高三模拟】But the country's economic development over the years has permitted
the sport to spread beyond ______ wealthy.
35.【湖北省孝感高级中学2021届高三调研】Being liked by a large group of people cannot take______ place of
building deep, supportive friendships.
36.【湖北省武汉外国语学校2021届高三调研】So thousands of terrified people died when there was an outbreak.
John Snow wanted to solve ______ problem.
37.【河北省2021届高三模拟】Just look to ______ fifth planet in our, solar system, Jupiter.
38.【广东省深圳外国语学校 2021届高三三调】Kites were used for military(军事的) purposes in the very
beginning, such as measurement and signaling. Later kite flying gradually became ______ outdoor activity for both
recreation and art.39.【广东省2021届高三四校联考】Nobu Okada, CEO of Astroscale, ______ company working on ways to clean
up space junk, says “even a small paint fleck has enough power to blow up other satellites.
40.【福建省福州一中2021届高三调研】______ elephant museum is there for those who want to know more
about the animal.
