文档内容
Unit 4 Same or Different?
课时 5 Section B Vocabulary in Use 分层作业
核心知识速记 03 拓展培优
01 基础达标 04 思维进阶
02 能力提升
词汇
happiness /ˈhæpinəs/ n. 幸福；快乐 disappoint /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望；使破灭
mushroom /ˈmʌʃrʊm / n. 蘑菇；伞菌 ton /tʌn/ n. 吨
role /rəʊl/ n. 作用；职能；角色 play a role (in) 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色
pea /piː/ n. 豌豆 climate /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候
句型
1. I felt disappointed when my favourite flowers died.
当我最喜欢的花调谢时，我觉得很失望。
2. I can’t imagine my life without my pets. They mean a lot to me.
我不能想象在我的⽣活中没有我的宠物。 它们对我来说意义重⼤。
3. You may not realize it, but frogs play an important role in our planet ecosystem.
你可能没有意识到，但青蛙在我们的地球⽣态系统中扮演着重要的⾓⾊。
一、单词默写。
1. _______ /ˈhæpinəs/ n. 幸福；快乐 2. ________ /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ v. 使失望；使破灭
3. __________ /ˈmʌʃrʊm / n. 蘑菇；伞菌 4. ________ /tʌn/ n. 吨
5. __________ /rəʊl/ n. 作用；职能；角色 6. ________ /ˈklaɪmət/ n. 气候
【答案】happiness; disappoint; mushroom; ton; role; climate
二、词组默写。
1. 在……中发挥作用；扮演角色 ________________ 2. 储存食物 _______________________
3. 为了，以便 _______________________ 4. communicate with sb. _______________________5. weigh a ton _______________________ 6. become popular _____________________
【答案】1. play a role (in) 2. store food 3. in order to 4. 和某人交流 5. 非常重 6. 变得流行
三、根据要求完成句子
1. 在贵州，丝娃娃是最受欢迎的小吃之一。
In Guizhou, Siwawa is one of the ________ ________ snacks.
2. 她的善良让社区里每个人都感到温暖。
Her ________ made everyone in the community ________ ________.
3. 观鸟者在森林发现稀有鸟类时满心喜悦，后来看到它受伤又很失望。
Finding a rare bird in the forest filled birdwatchers with ________, but seeing it injured later made them
________ .
4. 为保护河流生态，志愿者清理垃圾、监测水质。
To ________ ________ _______ of the river, volunteers clean up rubbish and monitor water quality.
5. 《中国诗词大会》是我最喜欢的节目之一。
Chinese Poetry Conference is one of my ________ __________.
【答案】1. most popular 2. kindness; feel warm 3. joy / happiness ; disappointed 4. protect the ecosystem
5. favorite programs
四 、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空。
1. I’d like to buy some sausages, ________ (mushroom), onions and cheese to make a pizza.
2. Volunteers bring ________ (happy) to the elderly in nursing homes.
3. She experienced ________ when she didn’t get the job she had applied for. (disappoint)
4. The film Coco helps viewers understand the ________ (important) of family and dream.
5. Let’s find out what else we can do ________ (protect) as many animals as possible.
【答案】1. mushrooms 2. happiness 3. disappointment 4. importance 5. to protect
五、阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。
communicate, ocean, which, long, tool, ton, fast, run, two, world
Do you know what the world’s fastest animal is? How about the world’s smartest animal? Do you know 1
animal lives the longest? Let’s read about some of these amazing animals.
The 2 animal in the world is the cheetah. Cheetahs can run at about 120 kilometers an hour. When they
are 3 at that speed (速度), they spend more time in the air than on the ground. Blue whales are the 4
largest animals. They are about 33 meters long, and they weigh around 170 5 . Blue whales eat about 3,600
kilograms of food every day. Of course, the smartest animal in the world is the human. The 6 smartest animal
is the chimpanzee (黑猩猩). Chimps can make 7 and build things. They can also solve problems. Some
chimps can even use their hands to make words and 8 . Other very smart animals include dolphins and parrots.Most people believe that tortoises live the longest in the world. It’s true that tortoises live 9 than other animals
on land. In fact, some 10 animals live longer. Some koi, a kind of goldfish, can live for more than 200 years.
【答案】【导语】本文介绍了地球上几种令人惊叹的动物之最。
1．句意：你知道哪种动物寿命最长吗？根据“animal lives the longest”可知是哪种动物活得最久，
which“哪个”。故填which。
2．句意：世界上速度最快的动物是猎豹，它们能以每小时约120公里的速度奔跑。根据“Cheetahs can
run at about 120 kilometers an hour”可知猎豹的速度最快，故此处用最高级fastest“最快的”。故填
fastest。
3．句意：当它们奔跑时，腾空时间比触地时间还长。根据“at that speed”可知是在它们跑的时候，
run“跑”，此处用现在分词和be动词构成现在进行时。故填running。
4．句意：蓝鲸是世界上最大的动物。根据“largest animals”可知鲸鱼是海洋里最大的动物，修饰名词用
所有格world’s。故填world’s。
5．句意：它们体长约33米，重达170吨。根据“weigh around 170”可知是重170吨，用名词复数
tons“吨”。故填tons。
6．句意：第二聪明的动物是黑猩猩。根据“the smartest animal in the world is the human”可知是世界
上第二聪明的动物，表示顺序用序数词second。故填second。
7．句意：黑猩猩能制造工具、建造物品。根据“Chimps can make...and build things”可知黑猩猩可以做
工具，tool“工具”，用名词复数。故填tools。
8．句意：有些黑猩猩甚至能用双手比划出单词来交流。根据“make words and ”可知比划出单词来交流，
communicate“沟通”，and前后的动词形式一致，此处用动词原形。故填communicate。
9．句意：确实，陆龟比陆地上的其他动物活得更久。根据“than other animals on land”可知乌龟比其他
动物活得长，根据“than”可知此处用比较级longer。故填longer。
10．句意：实际上，有些海洋动物的寿命更长。根据“Some koi, a kind of goldfish”可知是其他的海洋
动物，ocean“海洋”。故填ocean。
六、完形填空。
I bought a jasmine (茉莉) plant for my office. When I bought it, they 1 me it would bloom (开花) and
my office would be full of 2 sweet smell. I had the plant for two months, and I 3 looked at it, but there
weren’t any flowers 4 pleasant smell. I was not happy with the 5 , so I gave the plant to my friend Linda.
One day, 6 friend Mary called and invited me to her office. 7 I walked in, her jasmine flowers
surprised me. I reached out to 8 the flowers. Mary 9 some and gave them to me. I couldn’t help smelling
them. Lost in the 10 smell of only a handful of these flowers, I suddenly understood 11 .
Mary bought her plant the same time as I did. It took a year for her jasmine to bloom so 12 . I was not
patient enough.
In a way my life is like the jasmine plant. I need to be patient and let things 13 .
Last Sunday Linda told me that she was going abroad the next week. She returned the plant to me. This time
I am going to 14 my jasmine to bloom. And I have learnt that when we want something in our life, we have tobe 15 .
1．A．asked B．told C．questioned D．wished
2．A．my B．its C．our D．their
3．A．often B．never C．hardly D．sometimes
4．A．and B．but C．or D．also
5．A．service B．result C．action D．advice
6．A．others B．other C．the other D．another
7．A．If B．When C．Until D．Because
8．A．break B．give C．touch D．take
9．A．cut B．cuts C．to cut D．cutting
10．A．common B．poor C．enjoyable D．interesting
11．A．something B．everything C．nothing D．anything
12．A．loudly B．beautifully C．comfortably D．differently
13．A．choose B．happen C．reach D．follow
14．A．wait for B．care about C．laugh at D．come true
15．A．excited B．brave C．happy D．patient
【答案】【导语】本文讲述了作者买茉莉盆栽，因未开花送人，后从朋友处领悟耐心的意义以及学会等待。
1．句意：我买它时，他们告诉我它会开花，我的办公室会充满它的甜香。
asked询问；told告诉；questioned质问；wished希望。根据“it would bloom”可知，此处是卖花者告诉作
者的内容。故选B。
2．句意：我买它时，他们告诉我它会开花，我的办公室会充满它的甜香。
my我的；its它的；our我们的；their他们的。根据“sweet smell”可知，此处指茉莉花的香味，根据前文
“it”可知，是一株茉莉。故选B。
3．句意：我养了这盆花两个月，经常看它，但没有花也没有宜人的香味。
often经常；never从不；hardly几乎不；sometimes有时。根据上下文可知，作者期待开花，所以应该是经
常观察。故选A。
4．句意：我养了这盆花两个月，经常看它，但没有花也没有宜人的香味。
and和，用于肯定句；but但是；or和，用于否定句；also也。根据“there weren’t any flowers…”可知，
此处指没有花和香味，否定句用or表示“和”。故选C。
5．句意：我对这种结果不满，所以把这盆植物送给了我的朋友琳达。
service服务；result结果；action行动；advice建议。根据“there weren’t any flowers…”可知，此处指
对于不开花也没有花香的结果感觉不满。故选B。
6．句意：一天，另一个朋友玛丽打电话邀请我去她的办公室。
others其他（人或物），代词；other其他的，后接复数名词；the other两者中的另一个；another三者及以
上的另一个。根据“friend”可知，此处指另一个朋友，朋友应该不只两个。故选D。
7．句意：当我走进去时，她的茉莉花让我惊讶。If如果 ；When当……时；Until直到；Because因为。根据“I walked in”可知，此处指走进去时，引导
时间状语从句。故选B。
8．句意：我伸手去触摸花。
break打破；give给；touch触摸；take拿。根据“reached out”可知，作者伸出手应该是去碰触这朵花。
故选C。
9．句意：玛丽剪了一些花给我。
cut剪，原形/过去式/过去分词；cuts剪，第三人称单数形式；to cut剪，动词不定式；cutting剪，现在分
词/动名词。根据“and gave”可知，and连接并列谓语，前后形式一致。故选A。
10．句意：沉醉在这一小把花令人愉悦的香味中，我突然明白了某事。
common普通的；poor贫穷的；差的；enjoyable令人愉悦的；interesting有趣的。根据“Lost in”可知，让
作者沉醉应该是美好的花香。故选C。
11．句意：沉醉在这一小把花令人愉悦的香味中，我突然明白了某事。
something某事；everything一切；nothing没事；anything任何事，常用于否定句、疑问句。根据“I
suddenly understood”可知，此处指作者明白了某些事情，且是肯定句。故选A。
12．句意：她的茉莉过了一年才美丽地盛开。
loudly大声地；beautifully美丽地；comfortably舒适地；differently不同地。根据“bloom”可知，此处指美
丽地绽放，故选B。
13．句意：我需要有耐心，让事情发生。
choose选择；happen发生；reach到达；follow跟随。根据“things”可知，此处等待事情发生。故选B。
14．句意：这次我要等待我的茉莉开花。
wait for等待；care about关心；laugh at嘲笑；come true实现，常指梦想等。根据“my jasmine to
bloom”可知，此处指等待茉莉开花。故选A。
15．句意：而且我明白，当我们在生活中想要某样东西时，必须要有耐心。
excited兴奋的；brave勇敢的；happy开心的；patient耐心的。根据“I was not patient enough.”可知，茉
莉花的事告诉作者要有耐心。故选D。
七、阅读理解。
In a coastal city of Brazil, there is a special fishing team. It is made up of human fishers and dolphins! They
work together to catch the same fish—the mullet (鲻鱼).
Mauricio Cantor from Oregon State University, the US, studied this. As he told Science News Explores, this
partnership started more than a century ago.
“The dolphins are really good at finding fish in the murky (浑浊的) water and driving them to the coast,”
Cantor said. “The fishermen are really good at catching the fish with their nets.” Once the fish are caught in the
nets, dolphins can move in and get some for themselves.
Cantor’s study described how fishermen and dolphins give cues to each other during fishing. After dolphins
find fish, they drive fish to the coast. Then they arch (拱起) their backs in front of the fishermen to tell them to cast
nets (撒网). Fishermen will then cast the nets right away, or they may lose the best chance. “Fishermen need to be
well-trained to understand the cues from dolphins,” said Cantor.The study found that fishermen are 17 times more likely to catch fish by working with dolphins. At the same
time, the helpful dolphins have 13 percent higher survival rates (存活率) than other dolphins.
“Human-animal partnerships have been hard to see throughout history. But they give us an idea of how
positive our human interactions (互动) can be with nature,” Cantor said.
1．What does “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A．A city. B．A study. C．A university. D．A fishing team.
2．What is the right order of dolphins and fishermen working together according to the study?
dolphins arch their backs fishermen cast nets dolphins move in and get fish
①dolphins find fish in the wate②r dolphins drive fish③ to the coast
A．④③②⑤① B．⑤①③②④
④ ⑤
C．④⑤①②③ D．⑤②①④③
3．In Paragraph 5, the author mainly wants to show this partnership _________.
A．should be improved and changed B．must last for a long time in history
C．might result in a win-win situation D．could be in danger and end up soon
4．What’s the writer’s real purpose in the last paragraph?
A．To introduce how to cooperate with animals.
B．To tell us that humans can cooperate with animals positively.
C．To question the partnerships between humans and nature.
D．To explain the reasons why human-animal partnerships are popular.
5．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Train Hard to Win B．Team Up to Fish
C．Get Close to Nature D．Say No to Animals
【答案】【导语】本文主要介绍了一个特殊的捕鱼团队——人类和海豚，他们合作捕鱼，实现了共赢。
1．词义猜测题。根据“In a coastal city of Brazil, there is a special fishing team. It is made up of
human fishers and dolphins! They work together to catch the same fish—the mullet”以及“Mauricio
Cantor from Oregon State University, the US, studied this”可知在巴西的一个沿海城市，有一支特殊的捕
鱼队，它是由人类渔民和海豚组成的，他们一起捕捞同一条鱼——鲻鱼，美国俄勒冈州立大学的Mauricio
Cantor对此进行了研究，this指代的是渔民和海豚合作的捕鱼队。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“Once the fish are caught in the nets, dolphins can move in and get some for
themselves.”以及“After dolphins find fish, they drive fish to the coast. Then they arch (拱起) their
backs in front of the fishermen to tell them to cast nets (撒网). Fishermen will then cast the nets right
away, or they may lose the best chance”可知，海豚和渔民的合作流程为：海豚在水中找到鱼④；海豚将
鱼驱赶到海岸⑤；海豚拱起背部示意渔民①；渔民投网②；海豚捕食剩余的鱼③。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“The study found that fishermen are 17 times more likely to catch fish by
working with dolphins. At the same time, the helpful dolphins have 13 percent higher survival rates (存活
率) than other dolphins.” 可知，渔民和海豚的合作关系使渔民捕鱼效率提高，同时也提高海豚的生存率，体现了双赢的局面。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“But they give us an idea of how positive our human interactions can be with
nature”可知，最后一段告诉我们人类可以与动物进行积极的合作。故选B。
5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了渔民和海豚的合作捕鱼。以选项B“合作捕鱼”为标题最
合适。故选B。
任务型阅读。
Many plants in nature can be great treasures to people. From the leaves to fruits, each part of a plant can be
used for decorations, food and even medicine. And people have been using natural medicine for thousands of years.
When you have a fever or a toothache, you may take some aspirin (阿司匹林) to alleviate (减轻) pain. But
do you know that the medicine comes from the willow trees (柳树)? In the 5th century BC, the Greek doctor,
Hippocrates, gave willow-based remedies to his patients to alleviate their pains.
In the 1800s, the British doctor William Withering happened to know that purple foxgloves had something to
do with heart problems. So he started to work on the plant. After nine years of experimentation, he successfully
treated 163 patients with the medicine of purple foxgloves. This natural medicine is still given to people with heart
problems nowadays.
Many families may grow aloe vera (芦荟) in their gardens. And leaves from the plants can effectively
promote wound healing, particularly for burns and cuts. The Egyptian queen, Cleopatra, used this kind of amazing
plant to keep her skin soft and young-looking.
Finally, we mustn't forget the power of garlic (大蒜). It thins and cleans the blood. It's good for stomach
problems and coughs, and it’s a natural antiseptic (抗菌剂). So, the next time you have a cold at home, try a
mixture of garlic!
1至4题每题答案不超过3个单词，5题须用完整句子回答。
1．Many in nature have been used as natural medicine for a long history.
2．Dr Withering used purple foxgloves to treat patients with problems.
3．A mixture of garlic can be helpful when you at home.
4．The writer introduces kinds of natural medicine in this text.
5．What do you think of natural medicine? Why?
__________________________________________________________
【答案】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了自然界中多种植物被用作天然药物的历史及其具体用途。
1．根据文章第1段“Many plants in nature can be great treasures to people… people have been using
natural medicine for thousands of years.”可知，许多植物长期被用作天然药物。故填plants。
2．根据文章第 3 段“the British doctor William Withering… successfully treated 163 patients with the
medicine of purple foxgloves… This natural medicine is still given to people with heart problems
nowadays.”可知，紫色毛地黄用于治疗心脏问题。故填heart。
3．根据文章第5段“the next time you have a cold at home, try a mixture of garlic!”可知，大蒜混合
物对感冒有帮助。故填have a cold。4．通读全文可知，全文依次介绍了柳树（阿司匹林来源）、紫色毛地黄（治疗心脏问题）、芦荟（促进
伤口愈合）和大蒜（抗菌剂）共4种天然药物。故填four。
5．根据全文内容，天然药物历史悠久且效果显著，具有实际益处，比如当我们生病的时候可以帮助我们。
故填It is useful. Because it can help us when we are sick./... (开放性习题，答案不唯一，言之有理即可)
