Unit 4 Why don’t you talk to your parents?
单元知识清单 Section B
必背词汇
1. member [ˈmembə(r)] n. 成员;分子 10. continu e [kənˈtɪnjuː] v. 持续;继续
2. opinio n [əˈpɪnjən] n. 意见;想法;看法 存在
→ continuit y n. 连续性;连贯性;延续
3. pus h [pʊʃ] v. 推动;移动
性)
4. craz y [ˈkreɪzi] adj. 疯狂的;狂热的 → continuation n. 继续;延续;持续;
5. perhap s [pəˈhæps] adv. 可能;大概;也许 → continuou s adj.连续不断的;持续
的;不间断的
6. compet e [kəmˈpiːt] v. 参加比(竞)赛;竞
争 11. developmen t [dɪˈveləpmənt] n. 发
→ competition n. 竞争;比赛;竞赛; 展;发育;成长
→ competito r n. 竞争者;对手;参赛者) → develo p v.发展;开发;成长;使形成
→ competitiv e adj.竞争的;有竞争力的;好竞争的 → developin g adj.发展中的;生长的;
发育中的
→ competen t adj.有能力的;能胜任的;称职的
→ develope d adj.发达的;成熟的;
7. pressur e [ˈpreʃə(r)] n. 压力
先进的;发育完全的
→ pressured adj.有压力的;紧张的;被迫的
12. compar e [kəmˈpeə(r)] v. 比较
8. skil l [skɪl] n. 技巧;技艺
→ comparison n. 比较;对照;比喻;相
→ skille d adj.有技能的;熟练的;需要专门技术
比
的
→ comparabl e adj.可比较的;类似的;
9. typica l [ˈtɪpɪkl] adj. 典型的
比得上的
→ typ e n. 类型;种类;品种;典型;典范
13. cause [kɔːz] n. & v. 原因;造成;使
→ typicality n.典型性;代表性)
发生
→ typicall y adv.典型地;一般地;通常;代表性 → caused adj.由… 引起的
地 14. usual [ˈjuːʒuəl] adj. 通常的;平常的
→ usually adv.通常;惯常;一般
重要语块
1. compete with sb. 与某人竞争 6. give sb. pressure 给某人施压
2. cut out 删去;删除 7. get better grades 取得更好的成绩
3. compare...with 把…… 与…… 比较 8. give one's opinion 提出某人的观点
4. in one's opinion 依…… 看 9. learn exam skills 学习应试技巧
5. free time activities 业余活动 10. practice sports 体育训练
11. cause stress 造成压力常考句型
1. Instead he watches whatever he wants until late at night .
相反,他想看什么就看什么,一直到深夜。
2. Others are practicing sports so that they can compete and win.
其他孩子为了能参加竞赛并获胜而在参加体育训练。
3. Although it's normal to want successful children , it's even more important to have happy children .
尽管想要孩子成功很正常,但更重要的是让孩子快乐。
4. They are always comparing them with other children .
他们总是把他们和别的孩子进行对比。
5. Kids should have time to relax and think for themselves , too .
孩子们应该有时间来放松,也(应该有时间来)为他们自己考虑。
单元写作
本单元话题“烦恼(Problems)”,描述自己或他人的烦恼,并给出相应的建议或看法。
(北京)股份有限公司
【精讲01 词汇】
►►►1.push
(1)意为“鞭策;督促;推动”
常用于push sb. to do sth.结构,意为"督促某人做某事"
The teacher pushes her pupils.这位老师督促她的学生。
We always have to push him to do his homework.我们总是不得补督促他做家庭作业。
push oneself表示 “鞭策自己;努力奋进”
They pushed themselves to reach the top of the mountain before sunset.他们奋力拼搏,想在日落前到达山
顶。
(2) 意为“推动;移动;按下”其反义词是pu11“拉”,
Push the button if you want the elevator.如果你想要乘电梯,就按按钮。
He pushed the cup towards me.他把杯子推向了我这边。
Pull the door open,please.Don't push it.请拉开门,不要推。
(2023·江苏·二模)Children, if you don’t push y , you will never know how amazing your life can be.
【答案】(y)ourselves
【详解】句意:孩子们,如果你不鞭策自己,你永远不会知道你的生活有多精彩。根据“you will never
know how amazing your life can be.”可知,此处指你不鞭策自己,主语有代指children,为复数,此处反身
代词应填yourselves“你们自己”。故填(y)ourselves。
►►►2. continue
用法 例句
“继续做(某事)”, Don’t stop! Continue reading, please.
continue doing
表示继续做同一件事情 别停下!请继续读。
sth.
“继续做(某事)”,
continue to do 表示继续做与目前所做的事 She continued to do his work after lunch.
sth. 情 午饭后她继续工作。
不同的另一件事情
(22-23八年级下·全国)
The boy has finished the first book, and he is going to continue _________ the second one.
A.writes B.writing C.to be writing D.written
【答案】B
【详解】句意:这个男孩已经完成了第一本书,他将继续写第二本书。
考查非谓语动词。根据“he is going to continue ... the second one.”可知,此处指他将继续写第二本;表示
“继续做同一件事”应用continue doing sth.,动名词作宾语;continue to do sth.表示“(做完一件事)继续
做另一件事”。符合结构的是B项。故选B。
►►►3.compare
动词,意为“比较”,常与介词with/to搭配使用。
It’s hard to compare these two movies because they are so different.很难比较这两部电影,因为它们太不
一样了。
【辨析】 compare ... with ...与compare ... to ...
用法 例句
“把……与……比较”, The teacher compared the two poems with each other to
compare .. 常用于同类事物之间比较, show their differences.
. with ... 侧重区分compare to:比喻或类 老师将这两首诗进行了比较,以展示它们的不同之处。比,强调差异性。
“把……比作……”,
compare .. Life is often compared to a journey.
常用于异类事物之间比较或比喻,
. to ... 人生常被比作一段旅程。
强调相似性。
图解助记
(23-24八年级下·吉林长春·期中)________ my opinion, it’s not good to compare yourself ________ others.
A.In; about B.In; with C.On; about D.On; with
【答案】B
【详解】句意:在我看来,拿自己和别人比较是不好的。
考查介词。In在……内;On在……上;with和;about关于。In one’s opinion“在某人看来”,compare …
with…“……和……比较”,故选B。
►►►4.cause
cause用作及物动词,意为"造成;引起"。cause sb to do sth意为"导致某人做某事"。
What causes the pain on earth, Dr. Bill? 比尔大夫,究竟是什么引起这种疼痛?
The accident didn’t cause him to change his mind. 这次意外并没有使他改变主意。
【易混辨析】cause 与reason
用法 例句
I don't know the cause and effect.
意为"起因,原因",指引起某种结果的必然原
cause 我不知道此事的前因后果。
因,即主要事实方面的原因
There are many reasons for animals dying
强调指从逻辑推理上得出的结论性原因,
reason out.
不是直接说明起因。
动物的灭绝有许多原因(八年级下·河北邯郸)The cold weather caused the plants (die).
【答案】to die
【详解】句意:寒冷的天气导致植物死亡。die“死”,动词。cause sb. to do sth.意思是“使某人做某事”,
故填to die。
►►►5.perhaps
adv. 可能;大概;也许 。一般位于句首。
Perhaps some day he will be rich. 也许有朝一日他会富起来。
【易混辨析】perhaps、probably 、possibly "可能,或许,大概"
用法 例句
"可能,或许,大概" Perhaps/Maybe it will rain tomorrow.
perhaps
一般位于句首或句末,同maybe。 明天可能要下雨。
"大概,很可能",所表示的可能性比
He will probably come tomorrow.
probably maybe
他很可能明天来。
perhaps实现的可能性大,多放在动词前。
较probably语气弱, She was possibly the greatest writer of her
在肯定句表示可能性很小, generation.
possibly
在否定、疑问句与can,could连用, 她也许是她那时代最伟大的作家。
表示"无论如何也不" Could he possibly agree?他无论如何也不同意吗?
(21-22八年级下·安徽合肥·期中)Perhaps Maria is in her room now. (改为同义句)
Maria in her room now.
【答案】 may be
【详解】句意:也许玛丽亚现在在她的房间里。perhaps“可能”,副词;分析句子可知,此空应填谓语,
may be“可能是”,情态动词+动词原形作谓语。故填may;be。
【精讲02 短语】
►►►1. not... until... "直到……才……"
until作介词,句中的谓语动词常为非延续性动词,表示动作直到until所表示的时间才发生。until还可
用作连词,引导时间状语从句。
He can’t leave until Friday. 直到星期五他才能离开。
I won’t go to sleep until the match is over. 直到比赛结束我才会去睡觉。I didn’t do my homework until my father came back from work last night.
昨晚直到我爸爸妈妈下班回来我才做家庭作业。
(2024·江西九江·模拟预测)—Time to go home now, Lucy.
—Wait a moment. I can’t go home ________ I finish cleaning the classroom.
A.until B.since C.when D.after
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——露西,该回家了。——等一下。直到我打扫完教室,我才能回家。
考查连词辨析。until直到;since自从; when当……时候;after在……之后。根据“I can’t go home…I
finish cleaning the classroom.”可知,not…until…“直到……才”,固定用法。故选A。
►►►2.send sb. to sp. " 把某人送往某地"
She sent her son to a good school. 她把她儿子送到了一所好学校。
(1)send sb.to do sth. 意为"派某人去做某事"
She sent me to pick up her son last week,她上周派我去接她儿子。
(2)send sb.+ 宾补 表示"使某人处于某种状态"
The bad news sent him sad. 这个坏消息让他很悲伤。
【拓展】
send for 派人去请 send off 寄出,给...送行
send
send up发射
send away派遣,送出,解雇,把...送往远处
send in 提交 send back 退回,返还。
(24-25八年级上·天津津南·期中)Today is Father’s Day. I am going to send a gift ________ my father.
A.to B.for C.from D.with
【答案】A
【详解】句意:今天是父亲节。我打算送一份礼物给我爸爸。
考查介词辨析。to到;for为了;from来自;with和。send sth. to sb.“把某物送给某人”,固定词组。故选
A。
►►►3.cut out“删除;删去”“动词+副词”结构短语。
名词作宾语时,放在out的前后均可;代词作宾语时,必须放在cut和out中间。
You can cut out the last sentence. 你可以删去最后一句话。
These words are useless. Please cut them out. 这些词没用,请把它们删除。
【拓展】
cut down 砍倒 cut up 切碎
cut out 删除 cut cut off 切断;切除
cut back 削减 cut in 插嘴
(21-22八年级下·安徽黄山·期末)
—Look at the paper rabbits. Lily ______ from a piece of paper just now.
—How nice they are! She is really good at paper-cutting.
A.cut them out B.cut it out C.cuts it out D.cuts out them
【答案】A
【详解】句意:——那些纸兔子。刚才莉莉从一张纸上剪下来的。——它们多漂亮啊!她真的很擅长剪纸。
考查时态及代词辨析。them它们;it它。根据“just now”可知用一般过去时,此处用过去式cut,排除
CD;再由“Look at the paper rabbits”可知用them指代the paper rabbits。故选A。
【精讲03 句子】
►►►1. The Taylors are a typical American family. 泰勒一家是一个典型的美国家庭。
(1)"the+姓氏的复数形式"指该姓氏夫妇二人或全家人,是复数含义,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。
The Whites enjoy living in China. 怀特一家人很喜欢在中国生活。
The Zhangs are both doctors. 张家夫妇都是医生。
(2)typical为形容词,意为"典型的"。
He is a typical Englishman. 他是个典型的英国人。
(22-23八年级下·全国)Although the question is small, it is very (typically).
【答案】typical
【详解】句意:虽然问题很小,但很典型。根据“it is very”可知后接形容词作表语。typically的形容词是typical。故填typical。
【精讲04 写作】
►►►1.话题分析
本单元的写作任务是写一篇关于提建议的短文。要完成这一任务,首先需要掌握常用的提建议句型,
并结合具体情景,明确提建议的方式。在此基础上,根据题目提供的信息进行合理拓展,确保句子通顺流
畅、语义完整。
关于这一话题的书面表达形式主要是青少年学生在成长过程中遇到的一些问题或烦恼,包括与父母、
同学之间的问题,并涉及处理这些问题或烦恼的方法。该话题贴近学生生活,与学生的日常学习活动息息
相关。
►►►2.写作提纲
该话题先说明观点(问题或烦恼),然后给出解决问题或烦恼的原因并给出方法,最后表达自己的感
想。
►►►3.素材积累
短语:
1. b e angr y wit h sb . 对某人生气 8. g o t o slee p earlie r 早点睡觉
2. ge t int o a figh t wit h sb . 与某人吵架 9. writ e t o sb . 给某人写信
3. no t ge t o n wit h classmat e 不能与同学和睦相处 10. offe r t o hel p 主动提出帮助
4. giv e sb.pressur e 给某人施压 11. cal l sb . u p 给某人打电话
5. compet e wit h classmate s 与同学竞争 12. retur n sth . 归还某物
6. to o muc h homewor k 太多的作业 13. sa y sorr y t o sb . 给某人道歉
7. communicat e wit h parent s 与父母交流 14. i n one' s opinio n 根据某人的看法句子:
1. M y problem i s tha t I can 't slee p well .
我的问题是我睡不好觉。
2. I can 't ge t alon g wel l wit h m y classmates .
我和同学们相处得不好。
3. I am sorr y t o tel l yo u tha t I can 't ge t goo d grades .
我很遗憾地告诉你,我成绩不好。
4. M y bigges t problem i s tha t I hav e to o muc h homework .
我最大的问题是我的作业太多了。
5. I am reall y sa d tha t I hav e a figh t wit h m y bes t friend .
我很难过,因为我和我最好的朋友吵架了。
6. Yo u shoul d jus t b e yourself .
你应该做你自己。
7. Wh y don 't yo u tal k t o you r parents ?
你为什么不和你的父母谈谈呢?
8. Why not do some sports to keep healthy?
为什么不做些运动来保持健康呢?
9. Wh y don 't yo u tal k abou t thes e feelings ?
你为什么不谈谈这些感受呢?
1.(23-24八年级下·全国)
假设你是李华,最近你的美国笔友Tony在与同学的交往中遇到了烦恼,他写邮件向你寻求帮助。请
你给他回一封邮件,提出你的一些建议。要求:词数60—80。
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【答案】Dear Tony,
I’m sorry to hear that you have problems with your classmates. I’m glad to help you. Here are some
suggestions for you.
First, when you have difficulties, you should talk to your parents, your teachers or your friends. Please share
your sadness and happiness with them. They will help you work out the problems.
Second, when you get along with your friends, you should respect them.
Third, you should be friendly to people around you. You can help each other.
Last but not least, you have to be honest to your friends. Then you will make more friends.
I hope everything will go well with you soon.
Yours.
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材:本文是一篇电子邮件;
② 时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③ 提示:写作内容提示已给出,考生要注意不要遗漏内容提示中的信息,并且要在内容提示的基础上适
当发挥,使文章内容更加丰满。
[写作步骤]
第一步,表示对Tony问题的同情,并引出下文的建议;
第二步,陈述自己的建议,这一部分可以自己自由发挥,只要合情合理即可;
第三步,表达自己的祝愿。
[亮点词汇]
① have problems with sb.和某人有问题,和某人有冲突 ② share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物
③ work out解决 ④ get along with sb.和某人相处 ⑤ last but not least最后但同样重要的是
[高分句型]
① First, when you have difficulties, you should talk to your parents, your teachers or your friends.(when引导的
时间状语从句)
2.(22-23八年级下·全国)
假设你是李华,你的朋友刘明在学习、生活等方面遇到了一些问题和困难,所以他经常感到焦虑和郁
闷。请你根据以下内容给他发一份电子邮件,帮助他克服焦虑情绪,轻松、快乐地学习和生活。
内容包括:
1. 每个人都会有苦恼、焦虑的时候;
2. 一定要告诉别人你的烦恼;
3. 遇到任何困难时,与同学交流或和老师、家长及时沟通;
4. 可就如何轻松、快乐地学习和生活等适当发挥。
要求:1. 不得照抄原文,不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名。
2. 语句连贯,词数80左右。作文开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。
Dear Liu Ming,
Everyone may feel worried or sad sometimes.
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Yours,
Li Hua
【答案】One possible version:
Dear Liu Ming,
Everyone may feel worried or sad sometimes. It’s all right to tell others when you are anxious. It’s good to
communicate with your classmates, teachers or parents when you are in trouble. Thus, you can solve the problems
from study or life easily.
Listening to music or taking part in outdoor activities is another way to help you get relaxed.
Try to smile at yourself and never keep silent about your problems.
Please do remember: you’re not alone. No matter what difficulties we have, I believe all of them can be
overcome in the end.
Yours,
Li Hua
【详解】[总体分析]
① 题材:本文是一篇应用文,为电子邮件;
② 时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③ 提示:写作要点已经给出,考生注意不要遗漏要点中的“可就如何轻松、快乐地学习和生活等适当发
挥”;注意条理清晰、逻辑连贯、无拼写和语法使用错误。
[写作步骤]
第一步,整体介绍问题和困难在生活中是在所难免的,遇到问题需学会向他人求助;
第二步,介绍如何让自己更放松、如何快乐地学习和积极地生活;第三步,表达自己的希望。
[亮点词汇]
① communicate with sb. 与某人交流 ② in trouble 处于困难中
③ take part in 参加 ④ in the end 最后
[高分句型]
① It’s good to communicate with your classmates, teachers or parents when you are in trouble.(不定式作主语;
when引导的时间状语从句)
② No matter what difficulties we have, I believe all of them can be overcome in the end.(no matter what引导的
让步状语从句)
3.(20-21八年级下·全国·单元测试)
某中学生英文报社开展了主题为“如何与父母和谐相处”的征文大赛。作为一名初中生,你一定有自
己的思想与辨别是非的能力,但你是否曾想过应该怎样和自己的父母相处呢?请以“How to Get on Well
with Our Parents?”为题写一篇短文参加此次征文大赛。
要点提示:
1. 与父母和谐相处很重要;
2. 与父母和谐相处的做法或建议;
(1)理解与尊重父母;
(2)多与父母交流。
(3)与父母和谐相处的感受。
要求:
1. 短文应紧扣要点,但不要逐字翻译,可适当发挥,以使短文衔接、连贯;
2. 词数80-100。
How to Get on Well with Our Parents?
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【答案】参考范文
How to Get on Well with Our Parents?
It’s very important for us to get on well with our parents. But how can we get along well with our parents?
Here is some of my advice.
We should understand and respect our parents. Parents talk much because they care about us. We are supposed
to listen to them. When we want to tell them our opinions, we’d better be in a polite way. We should also talk with
them about our happiness and tell them about our problems. When we are free, we’d better help them do some
things.
I get on well with my parents. I enjoy sharing everything with my parents. My parents are like my best friends.
They are proud when I do something well and they try their best to help me when I have trouble. We love each
other.
Let’s get on well with our parents because they are our parents.
【详解】
1. 题干解读:本文是一篇材料作文。谈谈如何和自己的父母相处,根据所给提示信息,写一篇短文,要求
紧扣要点,可适当发挥。
2. 写作指导:本文要求围绕如何与父母和睦相处为题写一篇文章参加征文大赛,所以人称以第一人称为主。
时态以一般现在时为主。
写作时可以分三个方面来写:文章开头先点明主题;然后介绍与父母和谐相处的具体建议;接着介绍自己
与父母和谐相处的感受;最后总结全文,前后呼应。
4.(24-25九年级上·湖北孝感·期末)
假设你是Tom,你的中国朋友刘宇写信向你倾诉。他热爱跑步并且获得过多次比赛的大奖。长大后
他想成为一名专业的跑步运动员。但是父母不支持他花大量时间练习,而是觉得他应该把所有时间用于文
化学习,获得好的成绩,考上理想的高中学校。请你用英语给他回信,说一说你的看法和建议。
要点:
1. 向刘宇表示理解和支持;
2. 青少年应该被允许做出自己的决定及原因;
3. 解决与父母矛盾的有效方法。
参考词汇:win big prizes, professional runner, communicate with
要求:
1. 文章须包含所给要点,可适当发挥;
2. 80词左右(文章开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数);
3. 文中不得出现真实人名和校名。
Dear Liu Yu,
I’m happy to receive your letter.
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Tom
【答案】例文
Dear Liu Yu,
I’m happy to receive your letter. I really understand how you feel. It’s also normal for your parents to stop
you from being a professional runner. After all, your schoolwork is really important and it is your duty to enter a
good university. However, I have nothing against your training.
I think teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions. First of all, hobbies will not get in the way
of schoolwork. Instead, they can make us full of courage and energy. What’s more, we are serious enough to be
responsible for ourselves.
I hope you can communicate with your parents so that they can consider your feelings seriously. Besides,
there is no doubt that you are supposed to balance your training and schoolwork. Only then will you solve your
problems. Hope things work out and everything will be better!
Tom
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇书信作文;
②时态:时态为“一般现在时”;
③提示:开头以及要点已经给出,按照提示的要点逐点阐述,可以适当增加细节,并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步,承接开头,向刘宇表示理解和支持;
第二步,阐述观点:青少年应该被允许做出自己的决定及原因;
第三步,谈谈如何解决与父母矛盾的有效方法并书写结语。
[亮点词汇]
①after all毕竟 ②make one’s own decisions自己做决定
③be responsible for为……负责 ④communicate with sb与某人交流
[高分句型]
①I think teenagers should be allowed to make their own decisions.(宾语从句)
②I hope you can communicate with your parents so that they can consider your feelings seriously.(so that引导的目的状语从句)
③Besides, there is no doubt that you are supposed to balance your training and schoolwork.(that引导的同位语
从句)
④Only then will you solve your problems.(倒装句)