文档文本内容
2026 届高考英语一轮复习
120 个非谓语动词
高频搭配与易错清单
非谓语是语法填空和作文的拉分项
doing / done / to do 一网打尽
【避坑】标签标出被动误用主动的陷阱
【使用说明】绿色=正确，红色=错误，橙色【避坑】=易错陷阱
第一部分 doing 类（动名词/现在分词）
doing 形式表示主动或进行。常见于：动词后接doing 作宾语、感官动词后接doing 表示正在进行的
动作、介词后接doing。
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】enjoy doing sth.
I enjoy reading books.
I enjoy to read books.
She enjoys ______ (listen) to
music in her free time.
【避坑】avoid doing sth.
You should avoid making
mistakes.
You should avoid to make
mistakes.
He avoided ______ (answer)
my question.
【避坑】finish doing sth.
I finished writing the report.
I finished to write the report.
Have you finished ______
(read) the book?
【避坑】practice doing sth.
He practices playing piano
daily.
He practices to play piano
daily.
She practices ______ (speak)
English every morning.
【避坑】mind doing sth.
Would you mind opening the
window?
Would you mind to open the
window?
Do you mind ______ (wait)
for a few minutes?
【避坑】suggest doing sth.
I suggest going there by bus.
I suggest to go there by bus.
He suggested ______ (visit)
the museum.
【避坑】consider doing sth.
I'm considering changing my
job.
I'm considering to change my
job.
She is considering ______
(study) abroad.
【避坑】imagine doing sth.
Can you imagine living on
Mars?
Can you imagine to live on
Mars?
I can't imagine ______ (be) a
teacher.
【避坑】keep doing sth.
He keeps working hard.
He keeps to work hard.
She kept ______ (ask) the
same question.
【避坑】miss doing sth.
I miss seeing you.
I miss to see you.
He missed ______ (attend) the
meeting.
【避坑】risk doing sth.
Don't risk losing your job.
Don't risk to lose your job.
He risked ______ (lose)
everything.
【避坑】admit doing sth.
He admitted stealing the
money.
He admitted to steal the
money.
She admitted ______ (break)
the vase.
【避坑】deny doing sth.
He denied knowing anything.
He denied to know anything.
The suspect denied ______
(commit) the crime.
【避坑】appreciate doing
sth.
I appreciate hearing from you.
I appreciate to hear from you.
We appreciate your ______
(help) us.
【避坑】delay doing sth.
He delayed replying to the
letter.
He delayed to reply to the
letter.
They delayed ______ (start)
the project.
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】quit doing sth.
He quit smoking last year.
He quit to smoke last year.
She quit ______ (eat) junk
food.
escape doing sth.
He escaped being punished.
He escaped to be punished.
The thief escaped ______
(catch) by the police.
【避坑】can't help doing
sth.
I can't help laughing.
I can't help to laugh.
She couldn't help ______ (cry)
when she heard the news.
【避坑】feel like doing sth.
I feel like going for a walk.
I feel like to go for a walk.
Do you feel like ______
(have) dinner with us?
【避坑】be worth doing
The book is worth reading.
The book is worth to read.
This place is worth ______
(visit).
【避坑】be busy doing sth.
He is busy preparing for the
exam.
He is busy to prepare for the
exam.
She is busy ______ (write) her
thesis.
【避坑】have difficulty
doing sth.
I have difficulty understanding
him.
I have difficulty to understand
him.
He has difficulty ______
(express) himself.
【避坑】have trouble doing
sth.
She has trouble sleeping.
She has trouble to sleep.
They had trouble ______
(find) the hotel.
【避坑】spend time doing
sth.
I spent two hours reading.
I spent two hours to read.
He spent the whole day
______ (clean) the house.
【避坑】waste time doing
sth.
Don't waste time worrying.
Don't waste time to worry.
She wasted time ______ (chat)
online.
【避坑】be used to doing
sth.
I'm used to getting up early.
I'm used to get up early.
He is used to ______ (live)
alone.
【避坑】look forward to
doing sth.
I look forward to seeing you.
I look forward to see you.
We look forward to ______
(meet) you again.
【避坑】object to doing sth.
I object to changing the plan.
I object to change the plan.
She objects to ______ (work)
on weekends.
【避坑】devote...to doing
sth.
He devotes his life to teaching.
He devotes his life to teach.
She devoted herself to ______
(help) the poor.
【避坑】pay attention to
doing sth.
Pay attention to spelling.
Pay attention to spell.
Please pay attention to ______
(listen) to the teacher.
【避坑】stick to doing sth.
Stick to your plan.
Stick to do your plan.
He sticks to ______ (run)
every morning.
【避坑】get down to doing
sth.
Let's get down to business.
Let's get down to do business.
It's time to get down to ______
(work).
【避坑】lead to doing sth.
This led to solving the
problem.
This led to solve the problem.
His laziness led to ______
(fail) the exam.
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
see sb. doing sth.
I saw him running.
I saw him run. (强调过程vs
结果)
I saw her ______ (enter) the
building when I passed by.
hear sb. doing sth.
I heard her singing.
I heard her sing. (强调过程vs
结果)
I heard someone ______
(knock) at the door.
【避坑】catch sb. doing sth.
I caught him stealing.
I caught him steal.
The teacher caught him
______ (cheat) in the exam.
【避坑】find sb. doing sth.
I found him sleeping.
I found him sleep.
She found the cat ______ (lie)
on the sofa.
【避坑】keep sb. doing sth.
I'm sorry to keep you waiting.
I'm sorry to keep you wait.
He kept me ______ (wait) for
two hours.
【避坑】leave sb. doing sth.
He left me standing there.
He left me stand there.
She left the water ______
(run).
第二部分 done 类（过去分词）
done 形式表示被动或完成。常见于：have/get sth. done 结构、感官动词后接done 表示被动状态、be +
done 表示情感状态。
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】have sth. done
I had my hair cut.
I had my hair cutting.
She had her car ______
(repair) yesterday.
【避坑】get sth. done
I got my watch fixed.
I got my watch fixing.
He got his teeth ______
(check).
【避坑】make oneself done
I couldn't make myself
understood.
I couldn't make myself
understanding.
She made herself ______
(hear) by everyone.
【避坑】find sth. done
I found the door locked.
I found the door locking.
He found the window ______
(break).
【避坑】keep sth. done
Keep your eyes closed.
Keep your eyes closing.
Please keep the door ______
(close).
【避坑】leave sth. done
He left the work unfinished.
He left the work unfinishing.
She left the question ______
(answer).
【避坑】want sth. done
I want this work finished by
Friday.
I want this work finishing by
Friday.
He wants the report ______
(submit) tomorrow.
【避坑】need doing (=need
to be done)
The room needs cleaning.
The room needs being cleaned.
The flowers need ______
(water).
【避坑】require doing
The house requires repairing.
The house requires being
The problem requires ______
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
(=require to be done)
repaired.
(solve) immediately.
【避坑】deserve doing
(=deserve to be done)
He deserves praising.
He deserves being praised.
The suggestion deserves
______ (consider).
【避坑】be interested in
I'm interested in reading.
I'm interesting in reading.
He is ______ (interest) in
science.
【避坑】be surprised at
I was surprised at the news.
I was surprising at the news.
She was ______ (surprise) to
see him.
【避坑】be excited about
I'm excited about the trip.
I'm exciting about the trip.
The children were ______
(excite) about the holiday.
【避坑】be worried about
I'm worried about the exam.
I'm worrying about the exam.
She is ______ (worry) about
her health.
【避坑】be satisfied with
I'm satisfied with the result.
I'm satisfying with the result.
The boss was ______ (satisfy)
with his work.
【避坑】be disappointed
with
I'm disappointed with the
result.
I'm disappointing with the
result.
He was ______ (disappoint) at
the news.
【避坑】be frightened of
The child was frightened of
the dog.
The child was frightening of
the dog.
She was ______ (frighten) by
the noise.
【避坑】be tired of
I'm tired of waiting.
I'm tiring of waiting.
He is ______ (tire) of doing
the same thing.
【避坑】be confused about
I'm confused about the
instructions.
I'm confusing about the
instructions.
The students were ______
(confuse) by the question.
【避坑】be amazed at
I was amazed at his
performance.
I was amazing at his
performance.
We were ______ (amaze) by
the scenery.
第三部分 to do 类（不定式）
to do 形式表示目的、将来或具体动作。常见于：want/hope/decide 等后接to do、ask/tell sb. to do、it is
+ adj. + to do 结构。
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】want to do sth.
I want to go home.
I want going home.
She wants ______ (become) a
doctor.
【避坑】hope to do sth.
I hope to see you again.
I hope seeing you again.
He hopes ______ (pass) the
exam.
【避坑】wish to do sth.
I wish to speak to the manager.
I wish speaking to the
manager.
She wishes ______ (travel)
around the world.
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】expect to do sth.
I expect to finish by Friday.
I expect finishing by Friday.
We expect ______ (arrive) at 6
p.m.
【避坑】plan to do sth.
I plan to visit Paris.
I plan visiting Paris.
She plans ______ (study)
medicine.
【避坑】decide to do sth.
I decided to leave early.
I decided leaving early.
He decided ______ (accept)
the job.
【避坑】agree to do sth.
He agreed to help me.
He agreed helping me.
They agreed ______ (meet)
tomorrow.
【避坑】refuse to do sth.
He refused to answer.
He refused answering.
She refused ______
(cooperate) with them.
【避坑】promise to do sth.
I promise to be careful.
I promise being careful.
He promised ______ (return)
the book.
【避坑】offer to do sth.
He offered to help.
He offered helping.
She offered ______ (drive) me
home.
【避坑】pretend to do sth.
He pretended to be asleep.
He pretended being asleep.
She pretended ______ (not
hear) me.
【避坑】fail to do sth.
He failed to pass the exam.
He failed passing the exam.
The system failed ______
(work) properly.
【避坑】manage to do sth.
He managed to solve the
problem.
He managed solving the
problem.
She managed ______ (finish)
the work on time.
【避坑】afford to do sth.
I can't afford to buy a car.
I can't afford buying a car.
He can't afford ______ (lose)
this chance.
【避坑】dare to do sth.
I dare to say the truth.
I dare saying the truth.
She didn't dare ______ (tell)
him the truth.
【避坑】happen to do sth.
I happened to meet him.
I happened meeting him.
He happened ______ (be)
there at that time.
【避坑】seem to do sth.
He seems to be happy.
He seems being happy.
She seems ______ (know) the
answer.
【避坑】appear to do sth.
He appears to be honest.
He appears being honest.
The problem appears ______
(be) difficult.
【避坑】tend to do sth.
He tends to be late.
He tends being late.
Prices tend ______ (go) up.
【避坑】choose to do sth.
I chose to stay home.
I chose staying home.
She chose ______ (study) art.
learn to do sth.
I learned to swim.
I learned swimming.
He learned ______ (play) the
piano.
【避坑】prepare to do sth.
I'm preparing to leave.
I'm preparing leaving.
They are preparing ______
(launch) the product.
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】determine to do
sth.
He determined to succeed.
He determined succeeding.
She determined ______
(change) her lifestyle.
【避坑】be determined to
do sth.
I'm determined to win.
I'm determined winning.
He is determined ______
(succeed).
【避坑】be willing to do sth.
I'm willing to help.
I'm willing helping.
She is willing ______ (share)
her experience.
【避坑】be eager to do sth.
He is eager to learn.
He is eager learning.
The students are eager ______
(know) the result.
【避坑】be anxious to do
sth.
I'm anxious to know the result.
I'm anxious knowing the
result.
She was anxious ______
(please) her parents.
be afraid to do sth.
He is afraid to speak.
He is afraid speaking.
The child is afraid ______ (go)
out alone.
【避坑】be sorry to do sth.
I'm sorry to hear that.
I'm sorry hearing that.
I was sorry ______ (learn)
about his illness.
【避坑】be glad to do sth.
I'm glad to see you.
I'm glad seeing you.
We are glad ______ (help)
you.
【避坑】be happy to do sth.
I'm happy to help.
I'm happy helping.
She was happy ______
(receive) the invitation.
【避坑】be proud to do sth.
I'm proud to be your friend.
I'm proud being your friend.
He is proud ______ (represent)
his country.
【避坑】be lucky to do sth.
I'm lucky to have you.
I'm lucky having you.
She was lucky ______
(survive) the accident.
【避坑】it takes sb. time to
do sth.
It took me two hours to finish.
It took me two hours finishing.
It took him three days ______
(complete) the task.
【避坑】it is + adj. + to do
sth.
It is important to learn
English.
It is important learning
English.
It is necessary ______
(prepare) for the exam.
【避坑】it is + adj. + for sb.
to do sth.
It is hard for me to understand.
It is hard for me
understanding.
It is easy for him ______
(solve) this problem.
【避坑】it is + adj. + of sb.
to do sth.
It is kind of you to help.
It is kind of you helping.
It was foolish of him ______
(say) that.
【避坑】ask sb. to do sth.
I asked him to help.
I asked him helping.
She asked me ______ (wait)
for her.
【避坑】tell sb. to do sth.
He told me to leave.
He told me leaving.
The teacher told us ______
(hand) in our homework.
【避坑】want sb. to do sth.
I want you to be happy.
I want you being happy.
She wants her son ______
(become) a doctor.
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
【避坑】would like sb. to do
sth.
I'd like you to join us.
I'd like you joining us.
We would like you ______
(stay) for dinner.
【避坑】invite sb. to do sth.
I invited him to come.
I invited him coming.
She invited me ______
(attend) the party.
【避坑】encourage sb. to do
sth.
He encouraged me to try.
He encouraged me trying.
The teacher encouraged the
students ______ (ask)
questions.
【避坑】allow sb. to do sth.
They allowed me to leave.
They allowed me leaving.
My parents allow me ______
(stay) up late.
【避坑】forbid sb. to do sth.
He forbade me to go.
He forbade me going.
The school forbids students
______ (smoke).
【避坑】warn sb. to do sth.
I warned him to be careful.
I warned him being careful.
She warned me ______ (not
trust) him.
【避坑】remind sb. to do
sth.
Remind me to call him.
Remind me calling him.
Please remind me ______
(take) the medicine.
【避坑】persuade sb. to do
sth.
I persuaded him to stay.
I persuaded him staying.
She persuaded her father
______ (buy) her a car.
【避坑】advise sb. to do sth.
I advised him to rest.
I advised him resting.
The doctor advised him
______ (quit) smoking.
【避坑】force sb. to do sth.
They forced him to confess.
They forced him confessing.
He was forced ______ (leave)
the company.
【避坑】cause sb. to do sth.
What caused him to change?
What caused him changing?
The noise caused the baby
______ (wake) up.
teach sb. to do sth.
She taught me to swim.
She taught me swimming.
My father taught me ______
(ride) a bike.
【避坑】in order to do sth.
I study hard in order to pass.
I study hard in order passing.
He got up early ______ (catch)
the first bus.
【避坑】so as to do sth.
He worked hard so as to
succeed.
He worked hard so as
succeeding.
She spoke loudly ______
(make) herself heard.
【避坑】too...to do sth.
He is too young to understand.
He is too young
understanding.
The box is too heavy ______
(lift).
【避坑】...enough to do sth.
He is old enough to decide.
He is old enough deciding.
She is tall enough ______
(reach) the shelf.
【避坑】the first/last to do
sth.
He was the first to arrive.
He was the first arriving.
She was the last ______
(leave) the party.
【避坑】have the ability to
He has the ability to lead.
He has the ability leading.
She has the ability ______
固定搭配
正确结构
典型错误
真题精练
do sth.
(solve) complex problems.
【避坑】have the chance to
do sth.
I have the chance to travel.
I have the chance traveling.
He had the chance ______
(meet) the president.
【避坑】have the
opportunity to do sth.
I have the opportunity to study
abroad.
I have the opportunity
studying abroad.
She has the opportunity
______ (work) in New York.
【避坑】make an effort to
do sth.
He made an effort to improve.
He made an effort improving.
She made an effort ______
(learn) Chinese.
【避坑】make a decision to
do sth.
He made a decision to quit.
He made a decision quitting.
They made a decision ______
(move) to a new city.
【避坑】used to do sth.
I used to live in London.
I used to living in London.
He used ______ (smoke), but
he quit last year.
【避坑】be said to do sth.
He is said to be rich.
He is said being rich.
The company is said ______
(go) bankrupt.
【避坑】be reported to do
sth.
He is reported to have died.
He is reported having died.
The accident is reported
______ (kill) five people.
【避坑】be believed to do
sth.
He is believed to be honest.
He is believed being honest.
The painting is believed
______ (paint) by da Vinci.
真题精练答案
一、doing 类答案
1. enjoy doing sth.: listening
2. avoid doing sth.: answering
3. finish doing sth.: reading
4. practice doing sth.: speaking
5. mind doing sth.: waiting
6. suggest doing sth.: visiting
7. consider doing sth.: studying
8. imagine doing sth.: being
9. keep doing sth.: asking
10. miss doing sth.: attending
11. risk doing sth.: losing
12. admit doing sth.: breaking
13. deny doing sth.: committing
14. appreciate doing sth.: helping
15. delay doing sth.: starting
16. quit doing sth.: eating
17. escape doing sth.: being caught
18. can't help doing sth.: crying
19. feel like doing sth.: having
20. be worth doing: visiting
21. be busy doing sth.: writing
22. have difficulty doing sth.: expressing
23. have trouble doing sth.: finding
24. spend time doing sth.: cleaning
25. waste time doing sth.: chatting
26. be used to doing sth.: living
27. look forward to doing sth.: meeting
28. object to doing sth.: working
29. devote...to doing sth.: helping
30. pay attention to doing sth.: listening
31. stick to doing sth.: running
32. get down to doing sth.: working
33. lead to doing sth.: failing
34. see sb. doing sth.: entering
35. hear sb. doing sth.: knocking
36. catch sb. doing sth.: cheating
37. find sb. doing sth.: lying
38. keep sb. doing sth.: waiting
39. leave sb. doing sth.: running
二、done 类答案
1. have sth. done: repaired
2. get sth. done: checked
3. make oneself done: heard
4. find sth. done: broken
5. keep sth. done: closed
6. leave sth. done: unanswered
7. want sth. done: submitted
8. need doing (=need to be done): watering/to be watered
9. require doing (=require to be done): solving/to be solved
10. deserve doing (=deserve to be done): considering/to be considered
11. be interested in: interested
12. be surprised at: surprised
13. be excited about: excited
14. be worried about: worried
15. be satisfied with: satisfied
16. be disappointed with: disappointed
17. be frightened of: frightened
18. be tired of: tired
19. be confused about: confused
20. be amazed at: amazed
三、to do 类答案
1. want to do sth.: to become
2. hope to do sth.: to pass
3. wish to do sth.: to travel
4. expect to do sth.: to arrive
5. plan to do sth.: to study
6. decide to do sth.: to accept
7. agree to do sth.: to meet
8. refuse to do sth.: to cooperate
9. promise to do sth.: to return
10. offer to do sth.: to drive
11. pretend to do sth.: not to hear
12. fail to do sth.: to work
13. manage to do sth.: to finish
14. afford to do sth.: to lose
15. dare to do sth.: to tell
16. happen to do sth.: to be
17. seem to do sth.: to know
18. appear to do sth.: to be
19. tend to do sth.: to go
20. choose to do sth.: to study
21. learn to do sth.: to play
22. prepare to do sth.: to launch
23. determine to do sth.: to change
24. be determined to do sth.: to succeed
25. be willing to do sth.: to share
26. be eager to do sth.: to know
27. be anxious to do sth.: to please
28. be afraid to do sth.: to go
29. be sorry to do sth.: to learn
30. be glad to do sth.: to help
31. be happy to do sth.: to receive
32. be proud to do sth.: to represent
33. be lucky to do sth.: to survive
34. it takes sb. time to do sth.: to complete
35. it is + adj. + to do sth.: to prepare
36. it is + adj. + for sb. to do sth.: to solve
37. it is + adj. + of sb. to do sth.: to say
38. ask sb. to do sth.: to wait
39. tell sb. to do sth.: to hand
40. want sb. to do sth.: to become
41. would like sb. to do sth.: to stay
42. invite sb. to do sth.: to attend
43. encourage sb. to do sth.: to ask
44. allow sb. to do sth.: to stay
45. forbid sb. to do sth.: to smoke
46. warn sb. to do sth.: not to trust
47. remind sb. to do sth.: to take
48. persuade sb. to do sth.: to buy
49. advise sb. to do sth.: to quit
50. force sb. to do sth.: to leave
51. cause sb. to do sth.: to wake
52. teach sb. to do sth.: to ride
53. in order to do sth.: in order to catch/to catch
54. so as to do sth.: so as to make/to make
55. too...to do sth.: to lift
56. ...enough to do sth.: to reach
57. the first/last to do sth.: to leave
58. have the ability to do sth.: to solve
59. have the chance to do sth.: to meet
60. have the opportunity to do sth.: to work
61. make an effort to do sth.: to learn
62. make a decision to do sth.: to move
63. used to do sth.: to smoke
64. be said to do sth.: to have gone
65. be reported to do sth.: to have killed
66. be believed to do sth.: to have been painted
