专题02阅读词汇→（读文眼·高频）（专项训练）（教师版）_英语(2)_一轮复习_2027年高考英语一轮更新中_2027年高考英语一轮复习讲义+练习+课件（新教材新高考）-G55_2027版

专题 02 阅读词汇 → 【 读文眼·高频】（专项训练）
目 录
基础·阅读演练...............................................................................................................................................................1
拔高·阅读演练.............................................................................................................................................................20
真题·阅读演练.............................................................................................................................................................40
基础·阅读演练
（2026·广东深圳·模拟预测）Painting Competitions
There are loads of different competitions out there, from world-renowned painting contests to inspiring
digital art challenges. Depending on your ability, you can try for these annual awards year after year.
Watermedia Showcase
Prize: $2,500 first prize, $1,250 second prize.
Entry Fee: $35 per entry.
Requirements: Open to international artists 18 years of age and older.
The Watermedia Showcase awards original art created primarily with water-based media on a surface created
for watermedia. Judged by the editors of Watercolor Artist, all winners and honorable mentions will have their
works featured in the magazine.
Jackson’s Painting Prize
Prize:£6,000 first prize.
Entry Fee:£5 per entry.
Requirements: Open to international artists of all ages.
Jackson’s Painting Prize was created to reward excellence in two-dimensional (二维的) works of fine art.
Both painting and drawing media are accepted and in addition to the main prize, there are also awards for best
watercolor, and people’s choice.
The Lumen Prize for Digital Art
Prize: $4,000 first prize, with a $13,500 total prize fund.
Entry Fee: $40 for two works ($32 for two works if submitted prior to March 24).
Requirements: Open to artists worldwide.
This digital art competition is organized by Lumen Art Projects Ltd, a non-profit organization that’sdedicated to providing new opportunities for digital artists around the world. The contest guidelines are relatively
loose — the only requirement is that the submitted artworks must somehow engage with technology.
Animago Award
Prize: €3,000 cash prize for Best Young Production.
Entry Fee: Free.
Requirements: Open to artists worldwide.
For over 20 years, the Animago Award competition has spotlighted talent in the fields of 3D animation (动
画) and stills, visual effects, visualization, and design. Organized by the German magazine Digital Production, all
winners are announced at the annual Animago conference in Munich, Germany.
1．Where is this text probably taken from?
A．A textbook. B．A contest guide. C．A course plan. D．An academic article.
2．What is special about Watermedia Showcase?
A．Artists needn’t pay entry fees. B．Artists of first prize will win £6,000.
C．It’s not open to artists under 18. D．It’s held by a non-profit organization.
3．Which is held by a famous magazine in Germany?
A．Watermedia Showcase. B．Jackson’s Painting Prize.
C．The Lumen Prize for Digital Art. D．Animago Award.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了几个著名的艺术比赛，从世界知名的绘画大赛到鼓舞人心的数字艺术挑战赛及相
关的参赛信息。
【详解】1．推理判断题。根据第一段“There are loads of different competitions out there, from world-
renowned painting contests to inspiring digital art challenges. Depending on your ability, you can try for these
annual awards year after year. (世界各地有许多不同的比赛，从世界知名的绘画大赛到鼓舞人心的数字艺术
挑战赛。根据你的能力，你可以年复一年地参加这些年度奖项。)”可知，本文介绍了多个艺术比赛的详
情，是一篇比赛指南。
2．细节理解题。根据Watermedia Showcase部分“Requirements: Open to international artists 18 years of age
and older. (参赛要求：面向18岁及以上的国际艺术家开放。)”可知，18岁以下的艺术家不能参加这个赛
事。
3．细节理解题。根据Animago Award部分“Organized by the German magazine Digital Production, all
winners are announced at the annual Animago conference in Munich, Germany. (该奖项由德国杂志《DigitalProduction》主办，所有获奖者均在德国慕尼黑举行的年度Animago大会上公布。)”可知，Animago Award
是由德国的一家知名杂志社主办的。
（2026·湖南常德·一模）The Nobel Institute library has been open to the public ever since September
1905. It is a specialized library containing some 204,000 volumes in the fields of international history and politics
since 1800, international law, peace studies, and international economics. The library subscribes to about 100
current periodicals (期刊) within the same topics. The collection also includes a special collection with literature
and works of reference concerning Alfred Nobel and the Nobel Prizes. The collection includes several rare early
publications.
Depository (寄存) library
The library is also a depository library for publications from a number of international organizations and
institutions. Official documents from organizations such as the United Nations, League of Nations, the Council of
Europe, and others, are included in the collection.
Practical information
Access to the library is dependent on making an appointment with the library staff each time. Booking an
appointment can be done either by sending an e-mail to library@ nobel.no,or by telephone 22-12-93-00.
Appointments are given within the Nobel Institute’s normal opening hours. There is a reading room with 18 seats
for the visitors. Visitors may access a wireless network, and there is also a lunchroom in connection with the
reading room.
You can order books to your local library through bibsok.no.
Material newer than 1990 is searchable through Oria.
For material older than this you have to use the cards catalogue in the reading room.
You may make appointments at these times:
The library is colosed till 16 December
Monday — Friday: 09.00-15.00 (15 September-14 May)
Monday — Friday: 09.00-14.30 (15 May-14 September)
Saturdays and Sundays: Closed
4．What is one of the special collections of the library?
A．Official documents from the UN.
B．Rare books published after 1990.
C．Current periodicals on peace studies.
D．Literature about Alfred Nobel and the prizes.5．What are visitors allowed to do in the library?
A．Visit the library on weekends.
B．Borrow books without an appointment.
C．Use wireless Internet in the reading room.
D．Access the reading room without a seat limit.
6．How can one find materials published in 1985?
A．By searching the database Oria.
B．By using the cards catalogue.
C．By ordering through bibsok.no.
D．By contacting the library staff.
【答案】4．D 5．C 6．B
【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了诺贝尔研究所图书馆的开放历史、馆藏范围、寄存文献资源，同时说明了预
约方式、配套设施、资料查询途径及分时段开放时间。
【详解】4．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“The collection also includes a special collection with
literature and works of reference concerning Alfred Nobel and the Nobel Prizes.( 藏品中还包括关于阿尔弗雷德·
诺贝尔和诺贝尔奖的文献及参考书的特别收藏。)”可知，关于诺贝尔及诺贝尔奖的文献是图书馆的特别收
藏之一。
5．细节理解题。根据Practical information部分中的“Visitors may access a wireless network, and there is also
a lunchroom in connection with the reading room.( 访客可以连接无线网络，阅览室旁还有一个午餐室。)”可
知，访客被允许在阅览室使用无线网络。
6．细节理解题。根据Practical information部分中的“Material newer than 1990 is searchable through Oria. For
material older than this you have to use the cards catalogue in the reading room.(1990年以后的资料可通过Oria
检索。对于早于此时间的资料，必须使用阅览室的卡片目录。)”可知，1985年出版的资料早于1990年，因
此需要通过使用卡片目录（cards catalogue）来查找。
（2026·天津东丽·二模）Now, children who are recovering from a long-term illnesses in the hospital or at
home may have a high-tech friend to help feel less lonely. And that friend is a robot called AV1. AV1 goes to school
for a child who is homebound while recovering from a long-term illness. And the child’s school friends must help.
They carry the robot between classes and place the robot on the child’s desk.
A Norwegian company called No Isolation created the robot. The co-founders of No Isolation are Karen
Dolva and Marius Aabel. Dolva explains how the robot AV1 works. She says from home, the child uses a tablet orphone to start the robot. Then he uses the same device to control the robot’s movements. At school, the robot
becomes the eyes, ears and voice of the child. “So, it sits at the child’s desk in the classroom and the child uses a
tablet or a phone to start it, control its movement with touch, and talk through it.”
The student can partake in classroom activities from wherever he is recovering. The robot is equipped with
speakers, microphones and cameras that make communicating easy. “It has speakers and microphones and cameras,
and when the child speaks at home or in the hospital to his iPad it just comes out.”
This smooth interaction helps the child keep up with lessons, join group discussions freely and even share
small joys with peers in class. It well narrows the distance between their recovery place and school, letting them
stay closely linked to campus life instead of being left out alone.
The robot is designed to be tough. It is water proof and can take a fall from a desk without damage. Inside
AV1, there is a small computer connected to 5G network. A small camera connected to a small computer could do
the job. But that would not be the same. AV1 is large and looks like a human for a reason. Dolva says this is
important because the robot is supposed to be a friend to the children. Hopefully AV1 will help some children feel
less lonely while they are absent from class.
7．What can we know about AV1 in Para.2?
A．Its function. B．Its prospect.
C．Its developing history. D．Its production material.
8．What do the underlined words “partake in” in Para. 3 probably mean?
A．make up for B．replace C．take part in D．design
9．What’s the advantage of the smooth interaction for the student?
A．It makes the student forget the pain of recovery.
B．It helps the student keep connected with campus life.
C．It lets the student have more time to rest at home.
D．It allows the student to make more new friends.
10．Why is AV1 designed to be human-like?
A．To hold more advanced computer parts.
B．To offer kids support and companionship.
C．To make it tough enough against falls.
D．To attract more attention in the classroom.
11．What is the best title for the text?
A．The Development of Smart Robots.B．5G Network: A Trend in Education.
C．How to Cure Long-term Illnesses.
D．AV1: A Bridge to School Life.
【答案】7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 11．D
【导语】主要介绍AV1机器人的工作原理、功能优势、设计特点，它能帮助长期养病的孩子远程融入校园
生活、减少孤独感。
【详解】7．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Dolva explains how the robot AV1 works. She says from home, the
child uses a tablet or phone to start the robot. Then he uses the same device to control the robot’s movements. At
school, the robot becomes the eyes, ears and voice of the child.(多尔瓦解释了AV1机器人如何工作。她说孩子
在家可以用平板或手机启动机器人，再用同一设备操控它的行动，在学校里机器人就成了孩子的眼睛、耳
朵和声音。)”可知，第二段主要讲解AV1机器人的工作方式与功用。
8．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“The student can partake in classroom activities from wherever he is
recovering. The robot is equipped with speakers, microphones and cameras that make communicating easy.(学生无
论在养病的任何地方都能参与课堂活动。这款机器人配备扬声器、麦克风和摄像头，让沟通变得十分便
捷。)”可知，结合上下文语境，生病学生可借助机器人参与课堂活动，由此可推断，partake in的意思为
“参加、参与”，和take part in意思一致。
9．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“This smooth interaction helps the child keep up with lessons, join group
discussions freely and even share small joys with peers in class. It well narrows the distance between their recovery
place and school, letting them stay closely linked to campus life instead of being left out alone.(这种顺畅的互动帮
助孩子跟上课程进度、自由参与小组讨论、甚至和班上同学分享小快乐。它拉近了休养地与学校之间的距
离，让他们与校园生活紧密相连，不会独自被边缘化。)”可知，顺畅互动能帮助养病学生和校园生活保持
紧密联系。
10．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“AV1 is large and looks like a human for a reason. Dolva says this is
important because the robot is supposed to be a friend to the children.(AV1体型偏大且外形酷似人类是有缘由
的。多尔瓦称这一点十分重要，因为这款机器人理应成为孩子们的朋友。)”可知，将AV1设计成人形，是
为了给孩子陪伴与精神支持。
11．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是首段中的“Now, children who are recovering from a long-term illnesses in
the hospital or at home may have a high-tech friend to help feel less lonely. And that friend is a robot called AV1.
(如今，在医院或家中康复的长期患病儿童，可以拥有一位高科技伙伴来减少孤独感，这位伙伴就是名叫AV1的机器人。)”以及后文依次介绍它的工作原理、功能作用、交互优势和拟人设计用意可知，文章围绕
AV1机器人展开，介绍它成为患病孩子衔接校园生活的纽带，所以“AV1: A Bridge to School Life(AV1：通
往校园生活的桥梁)”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。
（2026·河南周口·三模）Named among the world’s top 15 design-forward cultural institutions by
Architectural Digest in 2025, Italy’s Museo del Design Futurista (Museum of Futuristic Design) opened its doors in
Milan in May 2024. Visitors are invited to engage with digital art installations and immersive environments that
reimagine transportation, urban living, and even personal identity.
What’s on Display?
The museum spans four floors, each dedicated to a distinct vision of the future: Ground Floor explores
sustainable architecture, vertical gardens, and AI-driven urban planning through a 1:200 scale model of a futuristic
metropolitan (未来大都市); Second Floor features conceptual vehicles, from flying cars to hyperloop pods,
alongside interactive simulations of zero-gravity travel; Third Floor is focused on biohacking, wearable tech, and
neuro-enhanced creativity, with exhibits like a “mood-altering” light suit and 3D-printed organs; Top Floor
imagines life beyond Earth, with prototypes (模型) for lunar habitats, asteroid-mining tools, and space tourism suits
designed in collaboration with the European Space Agency.
How to Visit
Tickets: Standard admission costs €18, with discounts for students (€12), seniors over 65 (€10), and children
under 12 (free). Groups of 10+ receive a 20% discount.
Booking: Tickets must be reserved online via www.museodesignfuturista. Same-day entries are limited and
subject to availability.
Hours: Open Tuesday-Sunday, 10:00 AM-8:00 PM (closed Mondays).
Museum Guidelines
Photography: Allowed for personal use, except in the Prototype Lab (where unreleased designs are
showcased). No flash.
Food & Drink: Only water bottles are permitted inside exhibits. A cafe on the ground floor serves espresso,
light bites, and vegan snacks.
Accessibility: The museum is fully wheelchair-accessible, with exhibits for visually impaired guests and
induction loops for hearing aids.
Connectivity: Free high-speed Wi-Fi is available; download the museum’s app.
12．What might be the topic of Second Floor?
A．Redefined mobility. B．The city of tomorrow.C．Future agriculture. D．The art of architecture.
13．What do we know about ticket pricing?
A．Children under 12 must pay half price.
B．There is a 20% discount for groups of 20.
C．Seniors over 65 receive a discount of 50%.
D．Students are offered the standard admission.
14．What is forbidden in the museum?
A．Accessing the museum Internet. B．Taking photos in the Prototype Lab.
C．Having some coffee and snacks. D．Videoing the regular exhibition.
【答案】12．A 13．B 14．B
【导语】文章主要介绍意大利米兰未来设计博物馆的开馆信息、四层展览内容、购票参观规则与场馆须
知。
【详解】12．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Second Floor features conceptual vehicles, from flying cars to
hyperloop pods, alongside interactive simulations of zero-gravity travel.(二层展示概念交通工具，从飞行汽车到
超级高铁舱，还有零重力出行互动模拟。)”可知，这些展示都围绕着移动出行方式的重新定义，所以二楼
的主题可能是重新定义的移动性 。
13．细节理解题。根据How to Visit板块中的“Standard admission costs €18, with discounts for students (€12),
seniors over 65 (€10), and children under 12 (free). Groups of 10+ receive a 20% discount.(标准票价18欧元，学
生12欧元、65岁以上老人10欧元、12岁以下儿童免费；十人及以上团体享八折优惠。)”可知，10 人及
以上团体可享受20%折扣，20人的团体满足此条件。
14．细节理解题。根据Museum Guidelines板块中的“Photography: Allowed for personal use, except in the
Prototype Lab (where unreleased designs are showcased). No flash.(允许个人拍照，但原型实验室禁止拍照，这
里陈列未公开设计作品，禁止使用闪光灯。)”可知，在原型实验室拍照是被禁止的。
（2026·河南驻马店·模拟预测）These are the UK’s best running routes that you should try at least once.
Around Tresco, Isles of Scilly
The Isles of Scilly offer a perfect escape with sandy beaches, clear water, and a relaxed outdoor lifestyle. The
trail (线路) around Tresco, the second-largest island, lets you explore its varied landscapes and rich wildlife.
Starting at the quay (码头) , the clockwise route takes you past Cromwell’s Castle and the wild, rocky north coast.
You will then reach the eastern shore with its soft sand beaches, before arriving at the famous Benedictine Abbey
and its beautiful gardens in the south.The Monsal Trail, Peak District National Park
This route follows a former railway line through the Peak District, connecting the lovely town of Bakewell
with Chee Dale. It is flat and smooth, making it ideal for families, cyclists, and wheelchair users. As you run, you
will pass through dark tunnels and over the impressive Headstone Viaduct, which offers amazing views of the
surrounding limestone (石灰岩) hills.
Loch Ossian from Corrour station, Scottish Highlands
Deep in the Scottish Highlands, remote Loch Ossian can only be reached on foot, by bike, or by train.
Corrour Station, an hour from Fort William, serves as the starting point for this peaceful trail. The route takes you
through atmospheric forests and open countryside, offering wide views of mountains and water.
Around Derwent Water, Lake District National Park
This popular 10-mile trail circles beautiful Derwent Water and is best run clockwise. Starting from
Keswick’s Moot Hall, the path follows the eastern shore of the lake, offering great views of the surrounding hills.
The return journey leads up the wooded western shore, crossing a suspension bridge before arriving back in
Keswick.
15．What can we learn about the trail around Tresco?
A．It is known for its difficult mountain climbs.
B．It is a 10-mile route circling beautiful waters.
C．It passes by a historic castle and beautiful gardens.
D．It features atmospheric forests and open countryside.
16．Which trail is most suitable for people with mobility issues?
A．Around Tresco, Isles of Scilly.
B．Loch Ossian from Corrour station, Scottish Highlands.
C．The Monsal Trail, Peak District National Park.
D．Around Derwent Water, Lake District National Park.
17．What do the trails of Loch Ossian and Around Derwent Water have in common?
A．They require a boat to access. B．They feature impressive views of water.
C．They have a famous suspension bridge. D．They are best run in a clockwise direction.
【答案】15．C 16．C 17．B
【导语】文章介绍了英国四条绝佳跑步路线，包括路线位置、特点及沿途景观等相关信息。
【详解】15．细节理解题。根据Around Tresco, Isles of Scilly部分中“Starting at the quay (码头), theclockwise route takes you past Cromwell’s Castle and the wild, rocky north coast. You will then reach the eastern
shore with its soft sand beaches, before arriving at the famous Benedictine Abbey and its beautiful gardens in the
south. (从码头出发，顺时针路线会带你经过克伦威尔城堡和荒凉多岩石的北海岸。然后你会到达有着柔软
沙滩的东海岸，之后到达南部著名的本笃会修道院及其美丽的花园。)”可知，围绕特雷斯科岛的路线会经
过一座历史城堡和美丽的花园。
16．细节理解题。根据The Monsal Trail, Peak District National Park部分中“It is flat and smooth, making it
ideal for families, cyclists, and wheelchair users. (它平坦顺滑，使其成为家庭、骑自行车的人和轮椅使用者的
理想之选。)”可知，峰区国家公园的蒙萨尔小径最适合行动不便的人。故选 C。
17．推理判断题。根据Loch Ossian from Corrour station, Scottish Highlands部分中“The route takes you
through atmospheric forests and open countryside, offering wide views of mountains and water. (这条路线带你穿
过富有氛围的森林和开阔的乡村，能看到广阔的山水景色。)”以及Around Derwent Water, Lake District
National Park部分中“This popular 10-mile trail circles beautiful Derwent Water and is best run clockwise.
Starting from Keswick’s Moot Hall, the path follows the eastern shore of the lake, offering great views of the
surrounding hills. (这条受欢迎的10英里小径环绕着美丽的德文特湖，最好顺时针跑。从凯西克的莫特厅出
发，小路沿着湖的东岸延伸，可以看到周围群山的壮丽景色。)”可知，奥西恩湖和德文特湖周围的路线共
同之处在于它们都有令人印象深刻的水景。
（2026·山东日照·三模）Technological Innovations That Aim To Make Roads SaferSmarter Traffic Signages
Traffic signs may not be visible for everyone to see, with some drivers even forgetting what they mean. A proposal
for “smart signs” has floated recently with the goal of signaling a car’s receiver of what the road sign means. The
driver can receive the information through a display on their car’s dashboard or through voice alert. This solution
will not be affected by the weather or lighting which can increase one’s safety while driving.Immediate Car Crash
Detection
Although there are car accidents that result in minor injuries, the result of a crash can often be life-altering. This is
where having vehicle communication technology can help. This system will be able to send out a notification of the
crash to the nearest emergency response unit to get immediate help. It can also inform other drivers that a car crash
has occurred so they can take appropriate measures to avoid adding to the collision (碰撞).Safety Technology for
Intersections
Crossing an intersection can be tricky as you will never know if other vehicles will be approaching until it is too
late. This particular tech can combine sensors as well as cameras to determine if there is incoming traffic or a
pedestrian even. It is also possible to use this technology to adjust the light timers to help with the incoming flow oftraffic in the intersection.Traffic Violation Detection and Notification
Another technology innovation that may help roads become safer is the automatic transmission of
information when a violation has occurred. The combination of camera monitoring as well as sensors can help
determine if a driver disobeyed any traffic rules and will notify them immediately. The automatic notification will
be recorded into the vehicle’s black box, which prevents the driver from making excuses.
18．What is an advantage of the Smarter Traffic Signages system?
A．It makes driving fully automatic. B．It is easier to operate on the road.
C．It can replace traffic voice alerts. D．It works in any weather condition.
19．What can Immediate Car Crash Detection do?
A．Prevent car accidents from happening. B．Inform emergency services about a crash.
C．Reduce the damage caused by collisions. D．Remind drivers to observe traffic rules.
20．Which of the following can help avoid traffic jams?
A．Smarter Traffic Signages.
B．Immediate Car Crash Detection.
C．Safety Technology for Intersections.
D．Traffic Violation Detection and Notification.
【答案】18．D 19．B 20．C
【导语】文章主要介绍了四项旨在提升道路安全的技术创新及其各自的功能优势。
【详解】18．细节理解题。根据文章Smarter Traffic Signages部分“This solution will not be affected by the
weather or lighting which can increase one’s safety while driving.(这种解决方案不会受到天气或照明的影响，
从而提高驾驶时的安全性)”可知，智能交通标志系统的优势在于能在任何天气条件下正常工作。
19．细节理解题。根据文章Immediate Car Crash Detection部分“This system will be able to send out a
notification of the crash to the nearest emergency response unit to get immediate help.(该系统将能够向最近的应
急单位发送事故通知，以获得即时救助)”可知，即时车祸检测系统能将事故信息通知紧急救援部门。
20．细节理解题。根据文章Safety Technology for Intersections部分“It is also possible to use this technology
to adjust the light timers to help with the incoming flow of traffic in the intersection.(也可以利用这项技术调整信
号灯计时，以帮助应对交叉路口即将到来的车流)”可知，交叉口安全技术可通过调节信号灯缓解交通拥
堵。
（2026·天津河北·二模）Engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) have developed an
innovative ultrasonic (超声) system that can extract water from an atmospheric (大气层的) water harvester in justminutes. The new approach could help ease global water shortages, especially in dry regions where clean water is
hard to obtain.
Scientists have long explored atmospheric water harvesting, a method that collects water directly from the
air, even in desert environments. The idea is promising because air contains water vapour almost everywhere.
Traditional systems, however, usually depend on solar heat to release the water held by a special absorbent
material. As team leader Boriskina explained, materials that are effective at capturing water are often reluctant to
release it. As a result, the process can take hours, making it difficult to respond to urgent needs in water-scarce
areas.
To solve this problem, Boriskina brought in Ikra Shuvo, an MIT graduate student whose research focuses on
ultrasound technology for wearable medical devices. Boriskina believed that combining Shuvo’s knowledge of
ultrasound with the team’s experience in water-harvesting materials might lead to a faster and more practical way of
recovering water.
Ultrasound consists of high-frequency sound waves that can create tiny vibrations (震动) in a substance.
Based on this principle, the team proposed a simple solution: use ultrasound to break the weak bonds between the
captured water molecules and the material. Once those bonds are loosened, the water quickly separates and falls out
as droplets. Compared with heat-based methods, this process is much faster and wastes less energy.
The researchers then built an ultrasonic water-harvesting device. The system does not rely on heat, though it
does require an external power source. A solar cell can power the device and also serve as a sensor, signalling when
the absorbent material has reached capacity. The system is programmed to switch on automatically when enough
water has been captured. Compared with heat-based methods, it is 45 times more energy-efficient, works without
direct sunlight, and can operate repeatedly throughout the day to produce more water. These advantages make it
suitable for remote dry regions, where it could provide a steady supply of clean water and offer a greener
alternative to energy-intensive methods such as seawater desalination (脱盐).
More broadly, this work highlights the value of combining ultrasound technology, materials science, and
environmental engineering. Such cross-disciplinary cooperation may open up new ways to solve water shortages in
some of the world’s driest regions. Ultimately, this breakthrough could one day bring clean water to millions living
in arid regions.
21．What can we learn about traditional water harvesting methods according to Boriskina?
A．They use waterproof materials. B．They require complex facilities.
C．They are difficult to manufacture. D．They have low efficiency in water output.22．What can be learned about Shuvo from Paragraph 3?
A．He took over the project from Boriskina.
B．He developed a new water-harvesting material.
C．His professional knowledge led to a breakthrough in the research.
D．His solid background in environmental engineering made a difference.
23．The team developed the solution by taking advantage of .
A．the improved strength of materials
B．ultrasound’s medical applications
C．ultrasound’s physical properties
D．the rapid release of water
24．The new device is suitable for remote dry regions partly because it can .
A．work without direct sunlight B．store rainwater for dry seasons
C．operate without external power D．produce fresh water from seawater
25．What mainly accounts for the team’s technological breakthrough?
A．Pressing water demand.
B．Interschool academic exchanges.
C．Boriskina’s exceptional leadership.
D．Integration of multiple scientific fields.
【答案】21．D 22．C 23．C 24．A 25．D
【导语】本文主要介绍了麻省理工学院的工程师们开发了一种创新的超声波系统，能在几分钟内从大气集
水器中提取水分，有望缓解全球水资源短缺问题，尤其适合偏远干旱地区。
【详解】21．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“As team leader Boriskina explained, materials that are effective at
capturing water are often reluctant to release it. As a result, the process can take hours, making it difficult to
respond to urgent needs in water-scarce areas. (正如团队负责人Boriskina所解释的，善于吸水的材料往往不愿
意释放水分。因此，这个过程可能需要数小时，难以满足缺水地区的紧急需求。)”可知，Boriskina认为传
统方法由于材料吸水易但放水难，导致取水过程耗时很长，效率低下。
22．推理判断题。根据第三段“To solve this problem, Boriskina brought in Ikra Shuvo, an MIT graduate
student whose research focuses on ultrasound technology for wearable medical devices. Boriskina believed that
combining Shuvo’s knowledge of ultrasound with the team’s experience in water-harvesting materials might lead to
a faster and more practical way of recovering water. (为了解决这个问题，Boriskina请来了Ikra Shuvo，一位MIT研究生，其研究专注于用于可穿戴医疗设备的超声技术。Boriskina认为，将Shuvo的超声知识与团队
在集水材料方面的经验相结合，可能会带来更快、更实用的取水方式。)”可知，正是Shuvo在超声波领域
的专业知识促成了研究的突破。
23．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Ultrasound consists of high-frequency sound waves that can create tiny
vibrations (震动) in a substance. Based on this principle, the team proposed a simple solution: use ultrasound to
break the weak bonds between the captured water molecules and the material. (超声波由高频声波组成，能在物
质中产生微小震动。基于这一原理，团队提出了一个简单的解决方案：利用超声波打破被捕获的水分子与
材料之间的弱键。)”可知，团队是利用了超声波能够产生震动这一物理特性来开发解决方案的。
24．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Compared with heat-based methods, it is 45 times more energy-efficient,
works without direct sunlight, and can operate repeatedly throughout the day to produce more water. These
advantages make it suitable for remote dry regions, where it could provide a steady supply of clean water and offer
a greener alternative to energy-intensive methods such as seawater desalination (脱盐). (与基于热量的方法相
比，它的能源效率高出45倍，无需阳光直射即可工作，并且可以全天反复运行以产生更多水。这些优势使
其适合偏远干旱地区，可为当地稳定供给洁净水源，同时相比海水淡化等高能耗制水方式，提供了一种更
环保的替代方案。)”可知，新设备适合偏远干旱地区的部分原因是它无需阳光直射即可工作。
25．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“More broadly, this work highlights the value of combining ultrasound
technology, materials science, and environmental engineering. Such cross-disciplinary cooperation may open up
new ways to solve water shortages in some of the world’s driest regions. (从更广泛的层面来看，这项研究凸显
了融合超声技术、材料科学与环境工程的价值。此类跨学科合作有望开辟新途径，缓解全球部分极度干旱
地区的水资源短缺问题。)”可知，团队技术突破的主要原因是多个科学领域的融合。
（2026·安徽六安·模拟预测）Young people’s engagement with social media platforms like TikTok and
Instagram is shaping how they understand and interact with the natural world, offering opportunities to connect
their online experiences with meaningful encounters with nature, a new study reveals.
The research, published in People and Nature, found that teenagers often encounter nature through their
time online, which influences their perceptions and behaviors when visiting the countryside. These digital baselines
provide educators, policymakers and outdoor leaders with a unique starting point for building deeper connections
with nature.
Dr. Jack Reed, from the University of Exeter, who led the study, said, “Young people are not separating their
online and offline worlds the way previous generations might have. Their experiences of nature can begin online,
and this influences how they engage with the outdoors in person. Rather than resisting this change, we can adopt itand use it as a tool to inspire stronger connections with the natural world.”
The study emphasizes that “screen based nature” content, from outdoor challenges to virtual environments, is
shaping how young people come to know nature. Social media platforms offer round-the-clock access to natural
imagery and ideas, inspiring trends like nature-inspired art and outdoor adventures. While these digital interactions
lack the sensory richness of being outdoors, they present exciting opportunities to introduce young people to real-
life experiences in nature.
Dr. Reed said, “It’s clear that young people are learning about nature in new and innovative ways. By
recognizing and building on this, we can create educational programs that meet them where they are at and inspire
real-world exploration. This approach allows us to connect young people’s online inspirations to the practical
benefits of being outdoors.”
“There’s no value in trying to deny young people’s use of technology — it’s part of their world,” Dr. Reed
said. “Instead, we can celebrate and channel their digital experiences to build meaningful, real-world connections to
nature.”
26．What does the underlined part “this change” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Young people’s engaging with social media platforms.
B．Young people’s beginning exploring the natural world.
C．Young people’s separating their online and offline worlds.
D．Young people’s integrating their online and offline worlds.
27．Which of the following is mentioned as a positive effect of “screen-based nature” content?
A．It motivates real-world interests. B．It provides a sensory-rich experience.
C．It avoids dangerous outdoor adventures. D．It reduces the need for experiences in nature.
28．How does Dr. Reed view young people’s use of social media platforms?
A．It’s useless. B．It’s necessary. C．It’s fashionable. D．It’s unbelievable.
29．What does Dr. Reed emphasize about educating young people?
A．Limiting technology use to prioritize outdoor activities.
B．Replacing digital experiences with traditional education.
C．Using online experiences to inspire real-world exploration.
D．Encouraging young people to get more digital experiences.
【答案】26．D 27．A 28．B 29．C
【导语】文章主要讨论了社交媒体不是自然教育的敌人，而是连接年轻人与真实自然世界的桥梁。【详解】26．词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Young people are not separating their online and offline worlds
the way previous generations might have. Their experiences of nature can begin online, and this influences how
they engage with the outdoors in person. Rather than resisting this change...( 年轻人不像前几代人那样把网络生
活和现实生活割裂开来。他们对自然的认知体验可以从线上开始，而这又会影响他们线下亲身接触户外自
然的方式。与其抗拒这种变化……)”可知，我们不必抗拒年轻人融合线上线下生活这种变化，由此可知，
this change指代“年轻人融合线上线下生活”。
27．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“While these digital interactions lack the sensory richness of being outdoors,
they present exciting opportunities to introduce young people to real-life experiences in nature.(虽然这类线上自然
内容缺少户外实景丰富的感官体验，但它为引导年轻人参与现实中的自然体验提供了绝佳机会。)”可知，
屏幕类自然内容的积极作用是激发现实自然兴趣。
28．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“There’s no value in trying to deny young people’s use of technology —
it’s part of their world.(试图否定年轻人使用科技是毫无意义的——科技本就是他们生活的一部分。)”可知，
Reed博士认为年轻人使用社交媒体是生活常态、有其必要性。
29．推理判断题。根据第五段“By recognizing and building on this, we can create educational programs that
meet them where they are at and inspire real-world exploration. This approach allows us to connect young people’s
online inspirations to the practical benefits of being outdoors.(通过认可并依托这一点，我们可以打造贴合年轻
人现状的教育项目，激发他们走进现实、探索自然。这种方式能把年轻人从线上获得的兴趣启发，和置身
户外带来的实际益处结合起来。)”可知，Reed博士强调要借线上经历启发现实现实世界探索。
（2026·广西桂林·三模）The world’s 4 largest sea protected areas
Coral Sea
The Coral Sea is off the northeast coast of Australia and it includes the Great Barrier Reef. Every year, huge
humpback whales travel through the sea protected area from Antarctica and six of the world’s seven species of sea
turtle can be found within its waters. Set up in 2021 to protect sea life, the MPA is divided into four different areas,
the most part of which don’t permit dragging a net in fishing and other industrial fishing methods.
South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands
The sea protected areas in the Southern Ocean cover an area five times larger than the UK and were set up by
the British government in 2012 and enlarged in 2013 and 2019. Its no-fishing areas, where all fishing activity is not
allowed, cover 283, 000 sq km. And they include the richest areas of seafloor life, including all coastal waters
around South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands at depths below 100metres.
Pitcairn IslandsSet up in 2016, the MPA covers the whole of the islands’ Exclusive Economic Zone in one of the most
remote (偏远的) parts of the Pacific Ocean. Four volcanic islands form the smallest village in the world with just
47 people. The sea protected areas are to protect some of the world’s most original ocean habitats from fishing
activities.
The Kerguelen Islands
The Kerguelen Islands in the southern Indian Ocean are also known as the Lonely Islands. France keeps a
group of 45 to 100 soldiers and scientists living and doing research on the small islands which have no original
population. France announced the waters around the Kerguelen Islands in the southern Indian Ocean as sea
protected areas in 2006.
30．What can be found in Coral Sea?
A．French soldiers. B．Large sea animals.
C．Lonely islands. D．Four volcanic islands.
31．What is special about Pitcairn Islands?
A．It has the richest sea life. B．Its area was increased twice.
C．It has villagers living there. D．No one lives there besides scientists.
32．Which sea protected areas was set up first?
A．South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands. B．Coral Sea.
C．Pitcairn Islands. D．The Kerguelen Islands.
【答案】30．B 31．C 32．D
【导语】主要介绍全球四大海洋保护区的地理位置、设立时间、规模以及各自的特点。
【详解】30．细节理解题。根据Coral Sea部分中的“Every year, huge humpback whales travel through the
sea protected area from Antarctica and six of the world’s seven species of sea turtle can be found within its waters.
(每年，体型庞大的座头鲸从南极洲途经这片海洋保护区，全球七种海龟中有六种都能在此海域见到。)”可
知，珊瑚海中可以见到大型海洋动物。
31．细节理解题。根据Pitcairn Islands部分中的“Four volcanic islands form the smallest village in the world
with just 47 people.(四座火山岛屿组成了世界上最小的村落，这里仅有47位居民。)”可知，皮特凯恩群岛的
特别之处在于有村民在此居住。故选C项。
32．细节理解题。根据Coral Sea部分中的“Set up in 2021 to protect sea life, the MPA is divided into four
different areas, the most part of which don’t permit dragging a net in fishing and other industrial fishing methods.
(该海洋保护区于2021年为保护海洋生物而设立，它被划分为四个不同区域，大部分区域禁止拖网捕鱼以及其他工业捕鱼方式。)”、South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands部分中的“The sea protected areas in
the Southern Ocean cover an area five times larger than the UK and were set up by the British government in 2012
and enlarged in 2013 and 2019.(这片位于南大洋的海洋保护区面积是英国的五倍，由英国政府于2012年设
立，并在2013年和2019年两次扩建。)”、Pitcairn Islands部分中的“Set up in 2016, the MPA covers the
whole of the islands’ Exclusive Economic Zone in one of the most remote (偏远的) parts of the Pacific Ocean.(该
海洋保护区于2016年设立，覆盖了这座岛屿的全部专属经济区，地处太平洋最偏远的区域之一。)”以及
The Kerguelen Islands部分中的“France announced the waters around the Kerguelen Islands in the southern
Indian Ocean as sea protected areas in 2006.(法国在2006年宣布将印度洋南部凯尔盖朗群岛周边海域划为海
洋保护区。)”可知，对比四处保护区的设立年份：凯尔盖朗群岛2006年、南乔治亚和南桑威奇群岛2012
年、皮特凯恩群岛2016年、珊瑚海2021年，凯尔盖朗群岛海洋保护区设立时间最早。
（2026·天津南开·二模）Long ago, there was a great musician named Yu Boya (俞伯牙). During a boat
trip, he played his qin. Zhong Ziqi (钟子期), a woodsman, heard the music and liked it. Yu invited Zhong onto the
boat.
Yu played music of high mountains Zhong said, “Wonderful! I see the mountain!” Yu then played music of
flowing water, and Zhong said, “Wonderful! I see the rushing river.”
Yu was surprised. “You really understand my music!” They became good friends and decided to meet each
other again. However, Yu came back the next year and found Zhong was no longer alive.
Yu felt very sad. He played their music High Mountains and Flowing Water one last time. “No one in the
world understands my music anymore,” he said. Then he broke his qin and never played it again.
High Mountains and Flowing Water shows great friendships. Boya and Ziqi shared the same interest. They
understood each other well. How good it is to have a good friend like this!
33．Yu Boya was ________ according to the story.
A．a doctor B．a musician
C．a teacher D．a woodsman
34．Yu Boya played music of ________ on a boat.A．tall trees and beautiful flowers B．blue sky and white clouds
C．high mountains and flowing water D．quiet lakes and flying birds
35．Yu Boya was surprised because Zhong Ziqi ________.
A．lived in the forest B．was a good musician
C．could play qin D．understood his music
36．After Zhong Ziqi died. Yu Boya ________.
A．made a new qin to remember him B．played music for him every day
C．taught other people to play music D．broke his qin and never played it
37．The story is about ________.
A．friendships B．music
C．families D．nature
【答案】33．B 34．C 35．D 36．D 37．A
【导语】本文讲述了古代音乐家俞伯牙与樵夫钟子期“高山流水遇知音”的故事。
【详解】33．细节理解题。根据第一段“Long ago, there was a great musician named Yu Boya (俞伯牙).(很久
以前，有一位大音乐家名叫俞伯牙。)”可知，俞伯牙是一名音乐家。
34．细节理解题。根据第二段“Yu played music of high mountains. Zhong said, ‘Wonderful! I see the
mountain!’ Yu then played music of flowing water, and Zhong said, ‘Wonderful! I see the rushing river.’(俞伯牙弹
奏了高山之曲，钟子期说：“太美妙了！我仿佛看到了高山！”随后俞伯牙又弹奏了流水之曲，钟子期
说：“太美妙了！我仿佛看到了奔腾的河流。”)”可知，俞伯牙在船上弹奏了高山和流水之曲。
35．细节理解题。根据第三段“Yu was surprised. ‘You really understand my music!’(俞伯牙感到很惊讶：
“你真的听懂了我的音乐！”)”可知，俞伯牙感到惊讶是因为钟子期能听懂他的音乐。
36．细节理解题。根据第四段“Yu felt very sad. He played their music High Mountains and Flowing Water one
last time. ‘No one in the world understands my music anymore,’ he said. Then he broke his qin and never played it
again.(俞伯牙感到非常伤心。他最后弹奏了一次他们的曲子《高山流水》，说道：“世界上再也没有人能
听懂我的音乐了。”然后他摔碎了自己的古琴，从此再也没有弹奏过。)”可知，钟子期去世后，俞伯牙摔
碎了古琴，不再弹奏。
37．主旨大意题。根据最后一段“High Mountains and Flowing Water shows great friendships. Boya and Ziqi
shared the same interest. They understood each other well. How good it is to have a good friend like this!(《高山流
水》彰显了深厚的友谊。伯牙和子期有着共同的爱好，他们彼此非常了解。有这样一位好朋友真好！)”可
知，这个故事主要是关于友谊的。拔高·阅读演练
（2026·天津·三模）My presentation was horrible. I knew it before I heard “we’ll be in touch” from the
client. I wouldn’t look my boss in the eye and the rest of my day was spent in relative silence. Finally, I left my
office and walked home.
Around the building near my home, I found some kids were noisily shooting water at each other using water
guns. I was annoyed, thinking, “Don’t wet me!” When seeing me in my suit and my mean look, they stopped the
water fight and got quiet.
Then I noticed a five-year-old kid with a water gun eyeing me a little harder than the others. I eyed him back.
Then his brother nodded to him like he was saying, “I dare you.” My eyes tightened a little further as I
communicated my own “I dare you” to the five-year-old kid. Then he darted (瞥) a look at me, planning his escape
route through the alley, and immediately I knew I was going to get wet.
And he got me before he ran toward his exit. Right away I headed toward the alley to preclude his escape.
But as I took my first step, his brother, the instigator (唆使者), threw me one of his water guns. I caught it and
without much thinking, I shot water at him. He shot back but his shooter was no match for mine. So he turned his
water gun on a few other little kids after that.
Then, somehow I also turned my water gun on these kids and before long we were in an all-out water fight.
Soon, there were water balloons dropping from upstairs windows and the whole block seemed to be involved —
adults and kids. Needless to say, I was totally wet and laughing like I had never laughed before.
It was the five-year-old kid who brought out the kid in me and helped me realize that you may not be able to
control your disappointment but you can still let the joy in.
38．Why did the author spend the rest of his day in relative silence? (no more than 10 words)
39．How did the brother respond to the 5-year-old kid’s intention? (no more than 10 words)
40．What does the underlined mean in paragraph 4? (no more than 1 words)
41．What made the author laugh a lot? (no more than 10 words)42．How do you think you can live a joyful life according to the story? (no more than 20 words)
【答案】38．Because he was upset about his poor performance in work. 39．He encouraged his younger
brother by nodding to him. 40．Prevent/Stop. 41．Being involved in the water fight. 42．I should
avoid being too troubled by unfortunate things that have happened and try to get joy from simple things.（答案不
唯一）
【导语】文章讲述作者工作汇报失利后心情低落，一场水枪大战治愈了他，让他懂得接纳失落、拥抱快
乐。
【详解】38．考查细节理解。根据第一段“My presentation was horrible. I knew it before I heard “we’ll be in
touch” from the client. I wouldn’t look my boss in the eye and the rest of my day was spent in relative silence.(我的
汇报糟糕透顶。在听到客户说出“我们后续再联系”之前我就察觉到了。我不敢直视老板，当天剩余的时
间我都在相对沉默中度过)”可知，作者汇报失败心情低落，所以整日沉默。
39．考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Then his brother nodded to him like he was saying, “I dare you.”(随后他的
哥哥朝他点了点头，仿佛在说“我谅你不敢”)”可知，哥哥通过点头鼓励弟弟朝作者喷水。
40．考查词句猜测。根据第三段中“Then he darted (瞥) a look at me, planning his escape route through the
alley, and immediately I knew I was going to get wet.(然后他瞥了我一眼，规划着从小巷逃走的路线，我立刻
明白我要被水泼到了)”可知，小男孩计划从小巷逃走，因此猜测作者走向小巷，是为了阻止他逃走，以免
自己被泼水。由此猜测preclude意为“阻止”，意思与prevent/stop接近。
41．考查细节理解。根据第五段中“before long we were in an all-out water fight... Needless to say, I was
totally wet and laughing like I had never laughed before.(不久之后我们展开了全面的水枪大战……不用说，我
全身湿透，笑得前所未有地开怀)”可知，参与水枪大战让作者开怀大笑。
42．开放性问题。结合文章从小事情中获得快乐的主旨，答案符合逻辑即可，注意字数。例如可回答：I
should avoid being too troubled by unfortunate things that have happened and try to get joy from simple things.
（2026·天津·三模）What do social climbers and gossipers (爱说闲话的人) have in common? My mother
believes that both are morally suspect, a lesson we readily pass on to our children: avoid the cheater and the
whisperer.
But stories simplify reality. The most effective social climbers and gossipers possess a remarkable grasp of
social structure to navigate their social worlds. This skill isn’t a moral failing; it’s a cognitive (认知的) skill.
Recent work from my laboratory shows that cognitive maps — mental representations of the social world —
shape our critical social skills. Social success depends not just on whom you know but also on how well youunderstand the invisible architecture of your social world. Mapping this is no small task, as social networks are
large and dynamic. Yet building such cognitive maps offers great advantages.
To better understand social navigation, my collaborator and I developed studies to investigate how people
build cognitive maps. Across a year we tracked about 200 freshmen’s friendships and asked them to report their
understanding of others’ connections.
In one study, we discovered that those who rise to the top of the social structure aren’t the most charming or
outgoing — they’re the best social mapmakers. The most influential people quickly build mental maps of their
peers’ connection; those initially influential but without accurate mental maps of the network did not stay
influential for long.
In a second paper, we examined whether mapmaking aids gossiping — a behavior that, despite its poor
reputation, can be an efficient way to quickly learn about the ins and outs of the community. To understand how
humans pull off this remarkable task, we wondered whether mapmaking helps predict where information will
spread. Mental maps become quite useful in this case, as they reveal two key network features: someone’s
popularity and their distance from the gossip target. They help find a good friend — someone far enough from the
target yet well-connected to spread information.
How does the brain build these maps? In one of our recent studies, we discovered that the hippocampus and
entorhinal cortex — a neural (神经的) center known for navigating physical space — also carries a map of
connections among people. The more strongly these maps are rooted in the brain, the better we are at brokering
community ties. If the brain needs to quickly figure out where gossip might spread, knowing where the popular
people are positioned or the key relationships that bridge the otherwise disconnected communities allows us to
chart the sequence of ties that can efficiently cross the network.
Strategic wayfinding isn’t only for physical space. It is just as necessary to be able to effectively move
through our social landscapes. Armed with a deliberately unclear map of their social community, skilled social
navigators can do what no GPS can. They see the bridges before they’re built, avoid the storms of gossip, and map
out a course to common ground.
43．As for his mother’s belief, the author is ________.
A．unconcerned B．supportive C．puzzled D．disapproving
44．What does the author suggest about the ability to navigate social worlds?
A．It is a cognitive skill. B．It relies on being charming.
C．It is primarily a moral issue. D．It requires physical fitness.
45．According to the passage, social cognitive maps can help ________.A．control the wide spread of gossip storms
B．memorize others’ connections in social groups
C．gain long-lasting social influence among peers
D．choose well-connected people as gossip targets
46．What does the underlined word “brokering” in Paragraph 7 probably mean?
A．Breaking. B．Experiencing.
C．Managing. D．Recording.
47．Which would be the best title for the passage?
A．Navigating Our Social Worlds
B．How to Interpret Social Skills
C．What Lies Behind People’s Social Behaviors
D．Brain Structures Shaping Social Relationships
【答案】43．D 44．A 45．C 46．C 47．A
【导语】主要反驳世俗对钻营者和闲话者的道德偏见，阐释社会认知地图对社交导航的重要作用与大脑运
作机制。
【详解】43．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“My mother believes that both are morally suspect, a lesson we
readily pass on to our children: avoid the cheater and the whisperer.(我的母亲认为这两类人在道德上都值得怀
疑，我们轻易就把这个观念传给孩子：远离投机钻营者和搬弄是非之人。)”以及第二段中的“But stories
simplify reality. The most effective social climbers and gossipers possess a remarkable grasp of social structure to
navigate their social worlds. This skill isn’t a moral failing; it’s a cognitive (认知的) skill. (但是故事会简化现
实。那些最擅长向上攀爬阶层、搬弄是非的人，对社会架构有着极强的把控能力，以此在社交圈子里周旋
游走。这项能力并非道德缺陷，而是一种认知本领。)”可知，作者不认同母亲单纯从道德层面否定这两类
人的观点，持不赞同态度。
44．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This skill isn’t a moral failing; it’s a cognitive skill.(这项能力并非道德缺
陷，而是一种认知技能。)”可知，游走社交圈的能力本质上是一种认知能力。
45．细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The most influential people quickly build mental maps of their peers’
connection; those initially influential but without accurate mental maps of the network did not stay influential for
long.(影响力最强的人能快速构建同伴社交关系的心智地图；那些起初有影响力，但没有精准社交网络心智
地图的人，无法长久保持影响力。)”可知，社会认知地图能够帮助人在同龄人中长期保有社交影响力。
46．词句猜测题。根据第七段中的“The more strongly these maps are rooted in the brain, the better we are atbrokering community ties. If the brain needs to quickly figure out where gossip might spread, knowing where the
popular people are positioned or the key relationships that bridge the otherwise disconnected communities allows
us to chart the sequence of ties that can efficiently cross the network.(这些社交图谱在大脑中扎根越深，我们就
越擅长brokering社群联结。倘若大脑需要快速判断流言会往何处扩散，清楚核心人物所处位置，或是知晓
能原本互不连通的社群衔接起来的关键人脉，我们就能梳理出人际链条次序，高效打通整张社交网络。)”
可知，拥有精准的社会认知地图，人们能更好地处理、维系社群人际关系，因此画线单词“brokering”意为
“管理、协调”，与Managing含义一致。
47．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“Strategic wayfinding isn’t only for physical space. It is just as
necessary to be able to effectively move through our social landscapes. Armed with a deliberately unclear map of
their social community, skilled social navigators can do what no GPS can.(策略性寻路不只适用于实体空间，高
效穿梭社交图景同样不可或缺。手握社群心智地图，老练的社交导航者能做到导航设备无法实现的事。)”
可知，文章围绕社交导航展开，介绍社交认知地图的作用、实验依据和大脑支撑机制，因此“游走我们的
社交世界”最适合作为文章标题。
（2026·江苏宿迁·模拟预测）Books were stamped with “Human Authored” logos (标识) at this week’s
London Book Fair. The Society of Authors described its labelling as “an important logo to protect and promote
human creativity instead of AI labelled content in the marketplace”.
Visitors to the fair were also given copies of Don’t Steal This Book， a collection of 10，000 writers
including Nobel winner Kazuo Ishiguro and Richard Osman, in which the pages are completely blank. The back
cover states: “The UK government must not legalize book theft to benefit AI companies.”
The empty book is a protest against AI companies using copyrighted works without permission or payment
to train their models and against UK government proposals that could legalize this practice. Organized by Ed
Newton-Rex, a composer and copyright campaigner， the project has drawn vast support from the literary world.
The AI industry is “built on stolen work”. “This is a crime that has victims,” he added, “Generative AI competes
with the creators of the works it trains on, taking away their livelihoods.”
The protest comes just a week before the UK government is due to publish an economic impact assessment
of proposed changes to copyright law. The government initially proposed a system, under which AI firms could use
copyrighted material unless rights holders refused permission – an exact opposite of copyright law’s core principle.
Only 3% of people surveyed backed the plan. The government dropped it but is now considering a “commercial
research exception” that would still allow AI companies to use works without approval for commercial training.
For the authors behind Don’t Steal This Book, the blank pages are a powerful symbol: they represent thefuture of writing if AI companies continue to use creative work without payment - a world where authors are left
with nothing. As the Society of Authors put it, the empty book is just a band-aid fix - but the real solution is a
copyright system that protects human creativity, not commercial greed.
48．Why were the books stamped with “Human Authored” logos?
A．To introduce promising authors.
B．To promote newly-published works.
C．To show public sympathy for authors.
D．To fight AI stealing copyrighted works.
49．What does the underlined word “victims” in paragraph 3 refer to?
A．Human writers. B．Literary campaigners.
C．Ordinary readers. D．Generative AI developers.
50．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．The protest weakens UK’s economy.
B．The UK government favors AI firms.
C．Copyright law enjoys public support.
D．AI firms prioritize commercial profits.
51．How does the Society of Authors view the empty book?
A．It is a win-win deal. B．It is a game changer.
C．It is a well-intentioned failure. D．It is a temporary measure.
【答案】48．D 49．A 50．B 51．D
【导语】本文围绕伦敦书展上作家群体的抗议活动展开。作家协会推出 “人类创作” 标识，上万名作家
推出空白抗议书籍，抵制 AI 企业未经授权盗用受版权保护的作品训练模型；同时介绍英国政府版权法案
的摇摆调整，作家群体认为空白书只是临时手段，完善版权体系才是根本办法。
【详解】48．细节理解题。根据第一段“The Society of Authors described its labelling as “an important logo to
protect and promote human creativity instead of AI labelled content in the marketplace”.(作家协会将这种标识描
述为“一种重要标识，用于保护和促进人类创造力，而非市场上人工智能标注的内容”)”以及第三段“The
empty book is a protest against AI companies using copyrighted works without permission or payment to train their
models...(这本空白书是对人工智能公司未经许可或未支付报酬就使用受版权保护的作品来训练其模型的抗
议……)”可知，书籍盖上“人类创作”标识是为了抵制人工智能窃取受版权保护的作品。
49．词义猜测题。根据第三段“Organized by Ed Newton-Rex, a composer and copyright campaigner， theproject has drawn vast support from the literary world. The AI industry is “built on stolen work”.(该项目由作曲家
兼版权活动家埃德·牛顿 - 雷克斯组织，获得了文学界的广泛支持。人工智能行业是“建立在被盗用的作
品之上”的)”以及后文“Generative AI competes with the creators of the works it trains on， taking away their
livelihoods.(生成式人工智能与其所训练作品的创作者竞争，夺走了他们的生计)”可知，这里说的“受害
者”指的是人类作家，因为人工智能公司的行为损害了他们的利益。
50．主旨大意题。根据第四段“The government initially proposed a system， under which AI firms could use
copyrighted material unless rights holders refused permission – an exact opposite of copyright law’s core principle.
Only 3% of people surveyed backed the plan. The government dropped it but is now considering a “commercial
research exception” that would still allow AI companies to use works without approval for commercial training.(政
府最初提议了一个系统，在这个系统下，除非版权所有者拒绝许可，人工智能公司可以使用受版权保护的
材料——这与版权法的核心原则完全相反。只有3%的受访者支持该计划。政府放弃了该计划，但现在正
在考虑一个“商业研究例外”，这仍将允许人工智能公司未经批准就使用作品进行商业训练)”可知，该段
主要表明英国政府在版权问题上倾向于人工智能公司。
51．细节理解题。根据最后一段“As the Society of Authors put it， the empty book is just a band - aid fix - but
the real solution is a copyright system that protects human creativity, not commercial greed.(正如作家协会所说，
这本空白书只是一个权宜之计——但真正的解决办法是建立一个保护人类创造力而非商业贪欲的版权制
度)”可知，作家协会认为空白书是一种临时措施。
（2026·广东佛山·模拟预测）In January 2024, near Dominica, I encountered a sperm whale named Pinchy.
As she sank into the deep, I realized that despite our shared mammalian need for air, we lived in entirely separate
worlds. As a scientist studying whale communication, I wondered what whales might tell me if I could understand
what she was saying?
My research has learned that sperm whales have a remarkably sophisticated communication system — one
that may even resemble a form of language. This discovery has been made possible thanks to the use of technology
itself, especially artificial intelligence.
This might seem contradictory. In our technology-driven civilization, doesn’t technology often make us more
distant from the natural world? Yet what I’ve come to know is that technology and nature do not exist in a zero-sum
relationship, where the rise of one side is the downfall of the other. Instead, these tools can give humans an
opportunity to feel more connected to nature.
This view took years to fully form. In recent work, when AI technologies began to predict words and form
sentences on their own, my colleagues and I work with computer scientists to test if these models could analyzesperm whale codas (嗒嗒声). In a pilot study, AI successfully identified different coda types, whale family groups
and even individual whales with over 90% accuracy. This gave rise to Project CETI, an initiative where 50
biologists, AI experts and linguists work together to decode whale communication.
Our latest study shows that sperm whales produce sounds similar to human vowels. Later this year, we will
release an AI system that can translate human audio into whale-like sounds — allowing humans, for the first time,
to potentially experience what it might be like to interact with a whale in its own language.
The potential is profound. Truly understanding whale “language” would not only rewrite biology textbooks,
but also fundamentally challenge our human-centered worldview. Just as Copernicus showed that Earth was not the
center of the universe, we hope our work could mark a similar shift — a recognition that we are not the only beings
with rich internal and communal lives. To me, this is the real potential promise of AI: not to make us faster or more
efficient, but to make us wiser.
52．What can be inferred from the author’s discussion of technology and nature?
A．As technology rises, nature falls．
B．Technology separates humans from nature．
C．Technology and nature are mutually beneficial．
D．Technology leads to the destruction of nature．
53．What is the primary goal of Project CETI?
A．To classify different whale species．
B．To use AI to understand whale communication．
C．To study the behavior of whales in the wild．
D．To train whale to communicate with humans．
54．Why does the author mention Copernicus in paragraph 6?
A．To highlight a cognitive shift through comparison．
B．To criticize traditional views of human centrality．
C．To show the project is as complex as astronomy．
D．To stress the importance of scientific discoveries．
55．Which of the following is the best title for the text?
A．AI: A Double-edged Sword in Modern Science
B．Whale Communication: The Discovery of “Vowels”
C．Sperm Whales: The Intelligent Creatures in the Ocean
D．Talking to Whales: AI Bridges the Gap Between Species【答案】52．C 53．B 54．A 55．D
【导语】文章主要介绍了科学家利用人工智能技术研究和解码抹香鲸的交流系统，以促进人与鲸鱼之间的
跨物种沟通。
【详解】52．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Yet what I’ve come to know is that technology and nature do not
exist in a zero-sum relationship, where the rise of one side is the downfall of the other. Instead, these tools can give
humans an opportunity to feel more connected to nature. (然而，我逐渐认识到，技术与自然并非此消彼长的零
和关系。相反，这些工具可以让人类有机会感受到与自然更紧密的联系)”可知，技术可以帮助人类与自然
建立更深的联系，二者互益。
53．细节理解题。根据第四段中“This gave rise to Project CETI, an initiative where 50 biologists, AI experts
and linguists work together to decode whale communication. (这促成了CETI项目，这是一个由50名生物学
家、人工智能专家和语言学家共同解码鲸鱼交流的倡议)”可知，CETI项目的主要目标是利用人工智能来理
解鲸鱼的交流。
54．推理判断题。根据第六段中“Truly understanding whale “language” would not only rewrite biology
textbooks, but also fundamentally challenge our human-centered worldview. Just as Copernicus showed that Earth
was not the center of the universe, we hope our work could mark a similar shift (真正理解鲸鱼的“语言”不仅会
重写生物学教科书，还会从根本上挑战我们以人类为中心的世界观。正如哥白尼表明地球不是宇宙的中心
一样，我们希望我们的工作能标志着类似的转变)”可知，作者提到哥白尼是为了通过类比来强调一种认知
上的转变——从以人类为中心到承认其他物种也具有丰富的内心和社群生活。
55．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第五段“Later this year, we will release an AI system that can translate
human audio into whale-like sounds — allowing humans, for the first time, to potentially experience what it might
be like to interact with a whale in its own language. (今年晚些时候，我们将发布一个AI系统，可以将人类音
频翻译成类似鲸鱼的声音——让人类首次有可能体验用鲸鱼自己的语言与鲸鱼互动的感觉)”和第六段“To
me, this is the real potential promise of AI: not to make us faster or more efficient, but to make us wiser. (对我来
说，这才是人工智能真正的潜力：不是让我们更快或更高效，而是让我们更智慧)”可知，文章主要讲述了
科学家利用人工智能技术研究抹香鲸的交流系统，希望能够实现人与鲸鱼之间的跨物种对话。故D项
“Talking to Whales: AI Bridges the Gap Between Species (与鲸鱼对话：人工智能弥合物种间的鸿沟)”能概括
文章内容，最适合做文章标题。
（2026·山东·模拟预测）Welcome to our 2026 International Summer Course, a program designed for
global teenagers aged 15-18 to enhance academic skills and cross-cultural communication. Running from July 7 toAugust 1, the course adopts a flexible modular (模块化) structure, requiring participants to select a combination of
one Main Course plus one Optional Activity.
Main Courses (Choose ONE)
Course Name Schedule Core Focus & Assessment
Speaking, listening, group debates and
English Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30
impromptu (即兴的) public speaking. Graded
Communication am
by class performance.
Narrative stories, argumentative essays and
Mon-Fri, 1:00-3:30
Creative Writing personal reflections. Final work submitted via
pm
email.
Campus-based simple experiments,
Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30
Science Exploration community environmental projects and team
am
research reports.
Optional Activities (Choose ONE)
Art: Tue & Thu, 4:00-5:30 pm (studio access provided for extra practice after class)
Sports: Mon & Wed, 4:00-5:30 pm (including basketball, badminton and outdoor hiking)
Music: Fri, 3:00-5:30 pm (covering vocal training and basic music production)
Important Information
Course Fee: $380 per person, covering the selected main course, one optional activity, textbooks and basic
learning materials. Lunch is excluded; participants may bring packed meals or purchase food at the school cafe
(cash and mobile payment accepted).
Certificate Requirement: To obtain the official course certificate, participants must attend at least 85% of all
scheduled sessions and complete the required coursework for their main course.
Cancellation Policy: A 50% refund will be issued only if the cancellation is made in writing two weeks prior
to the course start date (June 23). No refunds will be granted for cancellations made after this deadline or for
absences due to personal reasons.
56．What do the three main courses have in common?
A．They focus on writing skills. B．They include outdoor activities.
C．They are assessed by final written work.D．They last two and a half hours each time.
57．What should a participant do to get the course certificate?
A．Get high scores in class performance. B．Finish both main and optional coursework.
C．Attend at least 85% of the scheduled sessions. D．Complete main course tasks and meet attendance rules.
58．What can we know about the program?A．It offers a full refund for early cancellation. B．It requires one main and two optional courses.
C．It targets teenagers and lasts roughly four weeks. D．It includes extra practice for all optional activities.
【答案】56．D 57．D 58．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了2026年国际青少年暑期课程的课程设置、时间安排、费用、证书要求及退费政策
等相关信息。
【详解】56．细节理解题。根据表格中三门课的时间“Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am(周一至周五，上午 9:00-
11:30)”、“Mon-Fri, 1:00-3:30 pm(周一至周五，下午 1 点至 3 点 30 分)”和“Mon-Fri, 9:00-11:30 am(周
一至周五，上午 9:00-11:30)”可知，三门课每次均为2.5小时。
57．细节理解题。根据文中“Certificate Requirement:”部分“To obtain the official course certificate,
participants must attend at least 85% of all scheduled sessions and complete the required coursework for their main
course.(要获得正式的课程证书，学员必须参加所有预定课程的至少 85%的授课内容，并完成其主课程所
要求的作业。)”可知，获取证书需满足两个条件，完成预定课程的85%的授课内容并完成相关的作业，即
达到出勤率要求并完成主课任务。
58．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Welcome to our 2026 International Summer Course, a program designed
for global teenagers aged 15-18 to enhance academic skills and cross-cultural communication. Running from July 7
to August 1, the course adopts a flexible modular (模块化) structure, requiring participants to select a combination
of one Main Course plus one Optional Activity.(欢迎参加我们将于2026年举办的国际暑期课程，这是一项专
为 15 至 18 岁的全球青少年设计的项目，旨在提升学术能力和跨文化沟通能力。该课程从7月7日持续
至8月1日，采用灵活的模块化结构，要求参与者选择一门主课程加一门选修活动的组合。)”可知，该课
程面向15–18岁青少年，时间为7月7日至8月1日，时长约四周，即该项目的目标群体是青少年，大概
持续四周。
（2026·广东佛山·模拟预测）In my grandparents’ era, the question of whether to repair or replace an item
was irrelevant. Repair was usually the only option. So when faced with a broken hoe (锄头) one summer, I let my
brain do a little time-traveling and decided to make the repair, just like grandpa would have done.
I dug through my old toolbox for the needed parts, sorting through a mix of nails, screws, and bolts. I have a
strong love for the past and cherish the bonds connecting present and past generations. Finally, I chose my favorite
hammer passed down from my dad, who received it from his dad. Grandpa’s hammer has a worn, ash handle, the
grain smooth from 70 years of use and spotted with colorful paint. Grandpa used his hammer to make things — a
kitchen table, a rocking chair and a doll house. Grandpa said it took two things to make dreams come true — faithand a hammer.
My grandpa was quiet and reserved. but never humourless. Small, silly things would amuse him. He had his
favorite expressions. He liked saying “It’s immaterial to me” even when “I don’t mind” would have been enough.
Deep down, I think he was probably disappointed that he hadn’t achieved more in life. He left school without
qualifications and became a carpenter — a job he wasn’t passionate about. He was never particularly ambitious,
though there was a moment when he and my grandma planned to move to Canada, an idea that never came to
fruition. Where he came into his own was around the house. He had an “eye for the job”. Whether it was building a
bookshelf or fixing a cupboard — what he could achieve was astonishing.
Repairing the hoe meant digging through Grandpa’s dusty hardware. With just the right bolt in hand, I was
ready to begin. As I finished the hoe repair and replaced the hammer, I said a hearty thanks to grandpa. I’m
determined to pass it to the next generation — mentoring with purpose and weaving together the connecting cords.
59．Why did the author choose to repair the hoe?
A．Repair was usually the only option.
B．He wanted to carry on the family tradition.
C．He wanted to test if the hammer still worked.
D．The toolbox had the parts needed for the repair.
60．What is the writer’s attitude to his grandpa in paragraph 3?
A．He sympathized with his grandpa’s behavior.
B．He regretted his grandpa had not achieved more.
C．He was annoyed by his grandpa’s choice of words.
D．He was grateful his grandpa never moved to Canada.
61．What does the underlined phrase “came into his own” in paragraph 3 mean?
A．He was able to show his real talents.
B．He was able to do things on his own.
C．He was able to forget his past failures.
D．He was able to continue his regular job.
62．What is the main purpose of this passage?
A．To argue the value of old objects.
B．To show how to repair old tools.
C．To reflect on personal experiences.
D．To share imagined family histories.【答案】59．B 60．A 61．A 62．C
【导语】文章通过修理锄头、回忆祖父的锤子和人生，表达对家族传统的珍视及对祖父的理解与感恩。
【详解】59．推理判断题。根据第一段中 “So when faced with a broken hoe (锄头) one summer, I let my brain
do a little time-traveling and decided to make the repair, just like grandpa would have done. (所以当一个夏天面对
一把坏锄头时，我让大脑进行了一次时光旅行，决定像爷爷那样去修理它)”和第二段中 “I have a strong
love for the past and cherish the bonds connecting present and past generations. (我深爱过去，珍惜连接现在和过
去几代人的纽带)”可知，作者选择修理锄头是为了传承家族传统，像祖父一样生活。
60．推理判断题。根据第三段中 “Deep down, I think he was probably disappointed that he hadn’t achieved
more in life. He left school without qualifications and became a carpenter — a job he wasn’t passionate about. (在
内心深处，我认为他可能对自己一生没有取得更多成就感到失望。他没有取得任何学历就离开了学校，成
了一名木匠——一份他并不热爱的工作)”可知，作者对祖父未能实现更多抱有理解和同情，而非责备或遗
憾。
61．词句猜测题。根据第三段中 “Where he came into his own was around the house. He had an “eye for the
job”. Whether it was building a bookshelf or fixing a cupboard — what he could achieve was astonishing. (他came
into his own 的地方是在家里。他有“干活的眼光”。无论是做书架还是修橱柜——他能做到的事令人惊
叹)”可知，祖父在家里的修理和建造方面能够真正展现自己的才华，故came into his own意为 “发挥出自
己真正的才能”，与A项同义。
62．推理判断题。通读全文，作者以修理锄头为线索，回忆祖父的锤子、祖父的人生选择和手艺，最后表
达 “I’m determined to pass it to the next generation (我决心把它传给下一代)”。作者通过修理锄头这件小事，
回忆了祖父的人生、性格和才能，并表达了对祖父的感激以及将传统传承下去的决心。由此可推知，这篇
文章是对个人经历的反思。
（2026·北京朝阳·模拟预测）It had been a week since we moved to New York. On the way to a picnic at
Yaddo Gardens, I complained, “New school, no friends, nothing to do. I hate it!” Mom and Dad exchanged glances,
sighing, as the silent car wound into the shady path.
“We’re here!” my dad said, attempting enthusiasm. We laid out the blanket, looking at the gardens that were
just starting to bloom. A number of people in green shirts and garden gloves bent over, hard at work. With a smile, a
chatty woman named Vera told us about their voluntary work here. “Hey,” my dad elbowed me, “maybe you should
work here!”
I rolled my eyes, but with nothing else to do, I decided to give it a try. I was there bright and early on aTuesday morning. Entering my assigned garden, my hands struggled with a bucket and gloves. Vera introduced me
to John, the head gardener, whose energy truly impressed me. At eighty-one, he still hiked mountains and bounded
around with ease, cutting and clearing plants with a skill I could never have.
Over the next several months, I came to the gardens regularly. John would always be there, smiling and
ready to teach me a new lesson about roses and life. During snack breaks, my new friend and I would chat and
discuss everything from mountains to middle school, laughing and learning the joys of a friendship across
generations.
One day I opened up about my fears for the fall. “I’m just not ready for school,” I said, biting my lip. “What
if I have no friends?”
John said nothing, but took me instead to a spot overlooking the four-quadrant (象限) garden. “See these two
quadrants? Now look at the other two. What’s different?” I looked back and forth. “The left ones are shorter!”
“Exactly. From a certain spot, all the beds look the same size. It’s called perspectivism. You can see your new
school as scary, or as an opportunity. The choice is yours.”
Three months later, after I had started high school, it was time for the Yaddo Gardens volunteer celebration. I
saw John — my first friend in New York — and gave him a hug. “You were right,” I said. “I just needed a little
perspective.”
63．What was the main cause for Dana’s complaint?
A．Her parents’ unnatural glances. B．Her fear of the friendless new life.
C．Her boredom with the picnic plan. D．Her father’s pretended enthusiasm.
64．Why did Dana agree to volunteer at Yaddo Gardens?
A．To fill her time. B．To please her parents.
C．To learn gardening. D．To escape from school.
65．What role does John mainly play in Dana’s life?
A．A silent listener to her school fears. B．A reminder of her love for gardening.
C．An elderly friend offering life guidance. D．A gardener leading her to voluntary work.
66．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Where there is life, there is hope. B．Friendship needs time to grow old.
C．Change always comes bearing gifts. D．Everything comes to him who waits.
【答案】63．B 64．A 65．C 66．C
【导语】主要讲述主人公搬家到纽约内心烦闷，在花园做志愿者时结识长者约翰并得到人生开导的故事。【详解】63．细节理解题。根据第一段“On the way to a picnic at Yaddo Gardens, I complained, ‘New school,
no friends, nothing to do. I hate it!’(在去亚多花园野餐的路上，我抱怨道：“新学校，没朋友，无事可做。我
讨厌这样！”)”可知，达娜抱怨的主要原因是害怕没有朋友的新生活。
64．细节理解题。根据第三段“I rolled my eyes, but with nothing else to do, I decided to give it a try.(我翻了个
白眼，但由于无事可做，我决定试一试)”可知，达娜同意在亚多花园做志愿者是为了打发时间。
65．推理判断题。根据第四段“John would always be there, smiling and ready to teach me a new lesson about
roses and life. During snack breaks, my new friend and I would chat and discuss everything from mountains to
middle school, laughing and learning the joys of a friendship across generations.(约翰总是在那里，微笑着准备
教我关于玫瑰和生活的新知识。在休息时间，我和我的新朋友会聊天，讨论从山脉到中学的各种事情，笑
着并享受着跨代友谊的乐趣)”以及第六段约翰以花园视角开导达娜可知，约翰在达娜生活中扮演着给予生
活指引的老年朋友的角色。
66．推理判断题。根据最后一段““You were right,” I said. “I just needed a little perspective.”(“你说得没
错，” 我开口道，“我只是需要换个角度好好想想。”)”可知，文章讲述达娜搬到纽约后对新生活不满，
通过参加花园志愿活动，不仅结识了朋友，还在约翰的指引下改变了对新学校的看法，明白换个视角看问
题，生活中的改变会带来收获。
（2026·江西南昌·模拟预测）As artificial intelligence-powered prosthetic (义肢的) arms become more
common, one key question stands out: Will people truly feel that these devices are part of their bodies? To explore
this, a group of scientists conducted new research.
Traditional prosthetics research has focused on control methods that enable devices to respond accurately to
user intentions, often by detecting bio-signals. This time, researchers used virtual reality to create the illusion (错
觉) that a participant’s biological arm had been replaced with a robotic prosthetic. Participants performed reaching
tasks while the virtual prosthetic arm independently moved toward the target. The researchers systematically varied
how long the movement lasts across six levels, ranging from 125 milliseconds (毫秒) to 4 seconds. After each trial,
participants evaluated multiple dimensions including body ownership, sense of agency, usability, and social
impressions of the robot.
Researchers found that when prosthetic limbs move at a suitable pace with a movement time of about one
second instead of 125 milliseconds, participants report the strongest sense of body ownership and usability. The
findings challenge the assumption that high speed is the most important measure of quality in prosthetic design,
showing instead that natural movement timing is essential for user acceptance.
At the same time, advances in machine learning and AI are opening the door to prosthetic limbs that can acton their own. Future systems may assess a complex situation and provide support through autonomous or semi-
autonomous movement. However, when a limb moves independently, users may experience it as “unsettling” or
“not part of my body.” That reaction poses a significant obstacle to widespread acceptance.
Looking ahead, the research team plans to explore how long-term use changes perception. People often
begin to experience frequently used tools as if they were part of their body. With continued daily use, even a fast
and highly capable robotic limb may start to feel normal, easier to operate, and more like part of one’s own body.
67．How did the new research study prosthetics?
A．By using virtual reality to imitate a robotic arm.
B．By focusing on conventional control methods.
C．By detecting biosignals from users’ muscles.
D．By asking participants to wear real prosthetic arms.
68．What can we learn about the study results?
A．Faster prosthetic movement leads to stronger body ownership.
B．The sense of agency is unrelated to movement speed.
C．Users prefer prosthetics that act completely on their own.
D．Natural movement timing matters more than high speed.
69．What might be a challenge for the acceptance of prosthetic limbs?
A．Lack of advanced technology. B．Unease about self-moving limbs.
C．High cost of production. D．Complexity of the system.
70．What does the follow-up study focus on?
A．Frequencies of using prosthetics. B．Improvement of arm appearance.
C．Effects of the daily use on users’ feeling.D．Complete replacement of human arms.
【答案】67．A 68．D 69．B 70．C
【导语】本文介绍一项关于AI智能义肢的研究，发现自然的运动速度比高速更能让人产生肢体归属感；
自主运动的义肢可能让人感到不适，未来研究将关注长期日常使用对用户感知的影响。
【详解】67．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“This time, researchers used virtual reality to create the
illusion (错觉) that a participant’s biological arm had been replaced with a robotic prosthetic.(这一次，研究人员
利用虚拟现实技术制造出一种错觉，让参与者觉得自己的生物手臂已被机械义肢所取代。)”可知，研究人
员通过使用虚拟现实技术，让参与者产生自己的生物手臂已被机械义肢取代的错觉，从而进行研究。
68．细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“The findings challenge the assumption that high speed is the mostimportant measure of quality in prosthetic design, showing instead that natural movement timing is essential for
user acceptance.(这些发现挑战了高速是假肢设计中最重要的质量衡量标准的假设，表明自然运动时间对用
户接受度至关重要。)”可知，研究推翻了“速度越快越好”的观点，证明自然的运动节奏对用户接受度更
重要。
69．细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“However, when a limb moves independently, users may experience it
as “unsettling” or “not part of my body.” That reaction poses a significant obstacle to widespread acceptance.(然
而，当义肢独立运动时，使用者可能会觉得这种感觉“令人不安”或者“不属于我的身体”。这种反应极
大地阻碍了其被广泛接受。)”可知，当义肢自主运动时，用户会感到不安，不认为它是自己身体的一部
分，这种反应是义肢被广泛接受的重大障碍。
70．细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“Looking ahead, the research team plans to explore how long-term use
changes perception.(展望未来，研究小组计划探索长期使用如何改变人们的看法。)”可知，团队计划研究长
期、日常使用如何改变用户的感知与感受。
（2026·北京朝阳·模拟预测）Writing is one of the great channels of expression. It gave human thought the
power to travel across centuries. But that may be changing. Writing hasn’t failed, but the conditions around it,
particularly Large Language Models, have deeply changed it.
Writing is more than words on a page. 71 Behind the words is a mind trying to work something
out. Writing has what I would call a biography behind it. 72 That gives the written word a kind of
authority that is not only literary, but psychological. It feels connected to a person.
That connection is disappearing. Large Language Models can write. The work is often smooth and the
structure is convincing. And it can be generated quite easily at a very large scale. 73 It no longer reliably
signals the labor of thought. This is a critical shift. The issue here isn’t just that machines can write, but that writing
itself starts to feel disconnected from the human struggle that gives it substance and worth.
Now, if writing loses some of its old authority, we may begin looking elsewhere for signs of genuine
thought, such as human speech. 74 It can be challenged, and in that challenge it can be subject to
interrogation (质询). If these qualities begin to matter more, authority may begin moving away from the written
record and back toward live performance, toward what can be spoken and defended in the moment. That would be a
cultural change, it would be a cultural one.
But we need to point out the danger as well. Presence isn’t truth. 75 The return of speech wouldn’t
solve the problem but relocate it. Still, the movement itself tells us something important — it suggests that writing
— from term paper to court brief — no longer feels like enough.A．It comes from somewhere and it belongs to someone.
B．More and more contemporary writing feels oddly empty.
C．It reflects effort and the difficult mechanics of human thought.
D．And a charming speaker can mislead us just as easily as LLM.
E．In this context, writing begins to lose what made it feel substantial.
F．Writing will weaken memory by moving knowledge outside the mind.
G．A speech carries a presence that is harder to produce in the same way.
【答案】71．C 72．A 73．E 74．G 75．D
【导语】文章主要探讨了大型语言模型的出现对写作的冲击，指出写作正脱离人类思考，权威转向口头表
达，同时警示其弊端。
【详解】71．由上文“Writing is more than words on a page. (写作不只是纸上的文字)”以及下文“Behind the
words is a mind trying to work something out. (文字背后是一个试图解决问题的头脑)”可知，本空要说明写作
承载着人类的思考与努力，C选项“It reflects effort and the difficult mechanics of human thought. (它反映了人
类思考的努力和复杂过程。)”能承上启下，符合题意，该选项中的“It”指代上文的“Writing”，且该选项中
的“effort and the difficult mechanics of human thought”与下文的“a mind trying to work something out”相呼
应，体现写作与人类思考的关联。
72．由上文“Writing has what I would call a biography behind it. (写作背后有我所说的一段人生历程)”以及下
文“That gives the written word a kind of authority that is not only literary, but psychological. (这赋予了文字一种
不仅是文学上的，而且是心理上的权威)”可知，本空要说明写作的归属与来源，A选项“It comes from
somewhere and it belongs to someone. (它有出处，也归属于某个人。)”承接上文，解释了写作背后人生历程
的内涵，符合题意，该选项中的“It”指代上文的“Writing”，且该选项内容为下文文字具备心理层面权威
的原因。
73．由上文“Large Language Models can write. The work is often smooth and the structure is convincing. And it
can be generated quite easily at a very large scale. (大型语言模型可以写作。作品往往流畅，结构令人信服。
而且可以很容易地大规模生成)”以及下文“It no longer reliably signals the labor of thought. (它不再可靠地体
现思考的付出)”可知，本空要说明大型语言模型写作带来的影响，E选项“In this context, writing begins to
lose what made it feel substantial. (在这种背景下，写作开始失去使其具有实质意义的东西。)”能承上启下，
符合题意，该选项中的“In this context”指代上文LLM易生成大量文字的情况，且该选项中的“lose what
made it feel substantial”与下文“no longer reliably signals the labor of thought”相呼应，体现写作失去价值。
74．由上文“Now, if writing loses some of its old authority, we may begin looking elsewhere for signs of genuinethought, such as human speech. (现在，如果写作失去了一些旧的权威，我们可能开始在其他地方寻找真正思
想的标志，比如人类演讲)”以及下文“It can be challenged, and in that challenge it can be subject to
interrogation (质询). (它可以被质疑，在质疑中接受质询)”可知，本空要说明口语的特性，G选项“A speech
carries a presence that is harder to produce in the same way. (口语带有一种难以被同样方式复刻的现场感。)”承
接上文，引出口语的特点，符合题意，该选项中的“A speech”指代上文的“human speech”，且该选项中的
“presence”与下文口语可被质疑、质询的现场属性相呼应。
75．由上文“Presence isn’t truth. (现场感不等于真相)”以及下文“The return of speech wouldn’t solve the
problem but relocate it. (口语的回归不会解决问题，只是转移了问题)”可知，本空要说明口语也存在弊端，D
选项“And a charming speaker can mislead us just as easily as LLM. (一个有魅力的演讲者也能像大型语言模
型一样轻易误导我们。)”承接上文，解释现场感不等于真相的原因，符合题意，该选项内容与下文口语回
归只是转移问题的表述相呼应，体现口语的局限性。
（2026·西藏昌都·二模）As smart cockpits (智能座舱) have become a key competition area for car
companies, the automotive industry is quickly turning to AI-driven smart experiences. Car makers are trying their
best to improve in-car intelligence to meet users’ rising demand for personal and comfortable travel.
Chinese car company XPeng has worked with glass maker Fuyao Group to develop AI dimming glass. This
special glass lets passengers see outside clearly in dark conditions, while people outside cannot look in. It also
works with the car’s system to change itself according to light, driving direction and inside situations.
WEY, another Chinese brand, has put a native AI helper in its smart cockpit. The AI remembers users’ daily
habits and serves detailed needs. For example, it can find if the driver is tired and give warnings, and stay quiet
when people are making phone calls.
Traditional car companies are also joining in. FAW-Volkswagen’s new model can understand different
Chinese dialects (方言) and give smart answers. When the driver says “It’s hot inside,” the system can open the
window or change the air conditioning.
Market research shows smart experience has become an important factor when people buy cars, especially
for buyers aged 25 to 35. More and more car buyers care about in-car feelings, not just models, prices or cost of
energy.
Experts say the “experience economy” is growing fast. AI is making cars more intelligent, and deeply
improving people’s driving and riding experience.
76．What is special about XPeng’s AI dimming glass?
A．It produces clean energy for the car. B．It protects passengers’ privacy well.C．It can clean itself automatically. D．It reduces driving risk greatly.
77．What can WEY’s AI agent do for drivers?
A．Help find the way in real time. B．Offer free online music service.
C．Notice tired driving and remind drivers. D．Control traffic lights around the car.
78．What can we infer from the text?
A．Young buyers care much about smart cockpits.B．Traditional cars refuse to use AI technology.
C．Smart cockpits have replaced car engines. D．All dialects can be fully understood by cars.
79．What is the main idea of the text?
A．AI technology is widely used in car production. B．Smart cockpits lead a new trend of car
experiences.
C．Car companies compete in making new car models.D．Experience economy is developing across China.
【答案】76．B 77．C 78．A 79．B
【导语】本文主要讲述了智能座舱现已成为车企竞争的重要领域，各大汽车品牌纷纷运用人工智能打造车
载智能体验，智能驾乘感受也逐渐成为消费者购车时的重要考量。
【详解】76．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“This special glass lets passengers see outside clearly in dark
conditions, while people outside cannot look in.(这种特殊玻璃能让乘客在昏暗环境下清晰看到车外，而车外
的人无法看向车内)”可知，这款玻璃的特别之处在于能够很好地保护乘客隐私。
77．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The AI remembers users’ daily habits and serves detailed needs. For
example, it can find if the driver is tired and give warnings, and stay quiet when people are making phone calls.(人
工智能会记住用户的日常习惯，并满足详细的需求。例如，它可以察觉驾驶员疲劳并发出提醒，有人打电
话时还会保持安静)”可知，该人工智能助手能发现驾驶员疲劳并进行提醒。
78．推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Market research shows smart experience has become an important factor
when people buy cars, especially for buyers aged 25 to 35.(市场调研显示，智能体验已成为人们购车的重要因
素，对于25至35岁的购车群体尤为突出)”可推知，年轻购车者十分看重智能座舱。
79．主旨大意题。首段首句“As smart cockpits (智能座舱) have become a key competition area for car
companies, the automotive industry is quickly turning to AI-driven smart experiences.(随着智能座舱成为车企竞
争的核心领域，汽车行业正快速发展人工智能驱动的智能体验)”是全文主旨句，后文围绕它展开，依次介
绍了小鹏、WEY、一汽大众等车企在智能座舱、车载AI方面的创新应用，又说明智能体验深受年轻消费
者喜爱，最后点明AI 技术优化驾乘体验、体验经济快速发展。由此可知，本文的中心是智能座舱引领汽
车体验新趋势。真题·阅读演练
（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Ways to Teach Kids Work Ethic Early
Ever watched your child try to get out of doing housework by making excuses? If only the effort they put
into avoiding responsibility could be redirected into, well, actual responsibility. In fact, building work ethic (道德)
in kids doesn’t require military-style drills. Here are four simple and practical ways.
● Make housework part of the family routine.
Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog, watering the plants. 80
When the tasks become as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of
life.
● 81
You can’t expect your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the
dishwasher. If your child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely
to do the same.
● Build determination through goals.
82 Sometimes you have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with
them and celebrate progress, not perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix
things the moment they experience a setback.
● Treat mistakes as opportunities.
Few things strike fear into a child’s heart like the prospect of failing. The best way is to normalise mistakes
as a natural part of learning. When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission. 83
Teaching kids work ethic is to gently and consistently push them toward responsibility, determination, and
pride in their efforts. 84 No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a
lifetime of resilience (韧性) and satisfaction.
A．The key is consistency.
B．Help kids develop analytical skills.
C．Model the work ethic you want to see.
D．Instead, encourage them to do differently next time.
E．Sometimes, a cleaner living room is the best reward.F．Progress can be slow, and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in.
G．Not every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.
【答案】80．A 81．C 82．G 83．D 84．F
【导语】文章介绍了四种从小培养孩子劳动品质的实用方法。
【详解】80．根据空前“Involve your child in the daily running of the house: tidying toys, feeding the dog,
watering the plants.(让孩子参与家庭日常事务：整理玩具、喂狗、浇花。)”以及空后“When the tasks become
as routine as brushing teeth, kids internalise that helping with housework is simply part of life.(当做家务变得像刷
牙一样常规化，孩子就会从内心认同做家务是生活的一部分。)”可知，前文给出具体家务内容，后文强调
把家务固化成日常习惯，能让孩子形成观念，想要实现这个转变，核心要素就是持之以恒。A选项“The
key is consistency.(关键在于持之以恒。)”，句中consistency对应后文routine，点明坚持常态化做家务是养
成习惯的核心逻辑。
81．分析文章结构，该空为本段小标题，其余小标题均为简洁祈使句；根据本段后文“You can’t expect
your child to tackle their tasks with enthusiasm while you’re complaining about loading the dishwasher. If your
child sees you enjoying your work and taking pride in a job well done, they’re far more likely to do the same.(你不
能指望孩子满怀热情地处理自己的任务，而你自己却在抱怨把洗碗机里的碗碟摆好。如果你的孩子看到你
享受工作、并为自己出色完成的事情感到自豪，他们就更有可能也这样做。)”可知，整段核心是家长自身
行为会被孩子模仿，家长要做好榜样。C选项“Model the work ethic you want to see.(树立你希望孩子拥有
的劳动榜样。)”概括本段内容，适合做小标题。
82．本段小标题是“Build determination through goals.(借助目标培养意志力。)”；根据空后“Sometimes you
have to help them find their “thing.” Set small, achievable goals together with them and celebrate progress, not
perfection. The trick is to let them struggle a bit — resist the urge to help fix things the moment they experience a
setback.(有时你需要帮孩子找到适合自己的事。和他们一起设定容易达成的小目标，看重进步而非完美。
诀窍是让他们适当经历磨砺，不要一遇到挫折就立刻帮忙解决问题。)”可知，后文提出需要借助外力、设
定小目标来锻炼意志力，反向说明孩子天生意志力参差不齐，不是所有人天生意志力都很强。G选项“Not
every child is born with the willpower of a marathon runner.(并非每个孩子生来都拥有马拉松运动员那般强大
的意志力。)”解释了为什么需要靠目标培养毅力，前后因果通顺，且与本段主题一致。
83．根据空前“When kids mess up, don’t jump in with a rescue mission.(孩子搞砸事情时，不要立刻出手包揽
补救。)”可知，建议家长孩子出现问题不要立刻出手包揽补救，后文需要给出对应的正向替代方案。D选
项“Instead, encourage them to do differently next time.(取而代之，鼓励他们下次换一种方式处理。)”中instead承接前文不插手的做法，给出引导孩子自主修正错误的具体方式，符合语境。
84．根据空后“No worry. Those habits you’re building now are setting your child up for a lifetime of resilience
(韧性) and satisfaction.(不必担心。你当下正在培养的这些习惯，会让孩子终身拥有抗挫折能力与成就
感。)”可知，No worry是安慰语气，说明空格处必然是家长会产生的顾虑。F选项“Progress can be slow,
and you’ll wonder if it’s all sinking in.(进步速度可能很慢，你会疑惑孩子究竟有没有真正听进去、学进
去。)”提出家长的焦虑疑惑，后文紧接着进行安抚解释，符合语境。
（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The peak of Mount Qomolangma, 8,849 meters above sea level. Chimborazo,
6,263 m; Mont Blanc, 4,806 m; Pradidali hut, at the foot of the Pala group in the Dolomites, 2,278 m. It is common
practice to provide the elevation (高度) of a place. Simple readings are now readily available on our phones and
wearables. But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference point allows us to express
numerically the height of an object or a location.
The idea of sea level as a reference point for elevations has by now been around for so long as to go
essentially unnoticed-we mention it without even considering what it means. That the concept has a history is easily
ignored. We tend to forget that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this
book, I tell a story of these assumptions.
Appropriately, the book took shape during a summer spent between sea and mountains. A month after
visiting the French Riviera and enjoying the sandy beaches of Nice and Menton, I went hiking with friends in the
Pala group. Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings offered by our altimeters (测
高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense of uncertainty led me to
think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history of sea level.
In this book I examine three crucial stages in the history of mean sea level. These stages mirror the
development of human conceptions of the sea. Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of
sea-level rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022
the global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993.
85．What does the author point out at the beginning of the text?
A．Some mountains are getting higher. B．Data on wearables are misleading.
C．The concept of elevation is relative. D．The reference point is hard to locate.
86．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．How the altimeter was invented. B．What initiated the author’s research.
C．Why the digital readings varied. D．Where the author spent his holiday.
87．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the last paragraph?A．The book. B．The project. C．The issue. D．The development.
88．What can be the title of the book mentioned in the text?
A．The Altimeter: A Must-Have B．Sea Level: A History
C．Meaning of Zero: Nothing or EverythingD．Mountains to Seas: Ups and Downs
【答案】85．C 86．B 87．C 88．B
【导语】文章主要探讨了海拔高度的相对性，以及海平面作为参考点的历史演变。作者通过个人经历引出
对海平面概念的思考，并介绍了其著作中关于平均海平面历史的研究。
【详解】85．细节理解题。根据第一段“But elevation is necessarily relative: only the choice of a reference
point allows us to express numerically the height of an object or a location. (但海拔必定是相对的：只有选择一
个参考点，我们才能用数字表达一个物体或位置的高度。) ”可知，作者在文章开头指出海拔的概念是相对
的。
86．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Resting on a pass near the Pradidali hut, we began discussing the readings
offered by our altimeters (测高仪). Why did they vary ever so slightly from one instrument to the next? This sense
of uncertainty led me to think about the meaning of zero. This is how I began my search for the conceptual history
of sea level. (在Pradidali小屋附近的山口休息时，我们开始讨论测高仪上的读数。为什么不同仪器之间的读
数略有差异？这种不确定性让我开始思考零的含义。这就是我开始探究海平面概念史的原因。)”可推知，
本段主要讲述了作者研究工作的起因。
87．词义猜测题。根据最后一段“Since I began thinking about this project in August 2011, the issue of sea-level
rise and the need to place it historically have only become more urgent: between then and the end of 2022 the
global sea rose by almost 5 centimeters, about half of the overall rise recorded by satellites since 1993.(自从我在
2011年8月开始思考这个项目以来，海平面上升的问题以及将它置于历史背景下的必要性变得愈发紧迫：
从那时到2022年底，全球海平面上升了近5厘米，约占自1993年以来卫星记录的总体上升幅度的一
半。)”可知，划线词“it”指代前文提到的“the issue of sea-level rise”中的“the issue”，即海平面上升的问
题。
88．推理判断题。通读全文，根据第二段“That the concept has a history is easily ignored. We tend to forget
that sea level is a product of technically and culturally determined assumptions. In this book, I tell a story of these
assumptions.(这个概念有一段历史很容易被忽视。我们往往忘记海平面是技术和文化决定的假设的产物。
在这本书中，我讲述了这些假设的故事。)”以及第四段“In this book I examine three crucial stages in the
history of mean sea level.(在这本书中，我考察了平均海平面历史的三个关键阶段。)”可推知，该书主要探讨海平面的历史。因此，这本书最合适的标题是“海平面：一段历史”。
（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But
that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home
he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous
architect.
The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York,
just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of
Usonia.
Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began
looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what
they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such
enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.
The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling,
concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is
now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家)
not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building
Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes
that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years.
89．How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer?
A．Honored. B．Amused. C．Stressed. D．Inspired.
90．What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia?
A．Its natural environment. B．Its large-sized houses.
C．The convenience of its location. D．The warmth of its residents.
91．What can we learn about Reisley’s house?
A．It is older than its owner. B．It uses local materials.
C．It has a pointed roof. D．It is put up for sale.
92．What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph?
A．He is very attached to Wright buildings.
B．He is devoted to health education.
C．He is an expert in home decoration.
D．He is passionate about tourism.【答案】89．A 90．D 91．B 92．A
【导语】主要讲述百岁老人赖斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故
事。
【详解】89．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last
original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright
open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位
知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，
仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。
90．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted
with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他
们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬
来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。
91．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials,
has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用
本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使
用了当地材料。
92．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the
Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an
organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居
住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖斯
利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。
（2026·全国二卷·高考真题）The Barcelona subway pulls into the station, the doors slide open and
passengers pour out to go about their daily business. Little do they know that as they do so, a burst of energy is sent
up to street level to help charge an electric car.
Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy technologies to help public transportation go greener,
while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric
vehicle market.
Sixteen stations of Barcelona’s subway system are part of its new MetroCharge project, whereby the energy
from the underground trains’ brakes (刹车) is used to power the trains and the stations themselves, while theremainder is sent snaking through cables (电缆) to the surface to power plug-in stations for privately owned
vehicles.
Bernardo Espinoza, an engineer who takes the subway every day, owns an electric car. “I am pleasantly
surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a
working-class area of southern Barcelona. “And if it is from energy from the trains’ brakes, then even better.”
Regenerative brakes have been in trains for decades and are also used in some cars. They consist of an
electric motor which collects energy used in the braking action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes.
That energy can be immediately used to accelerate (加速) the vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway
system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for electric car chargers.
Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is innovative in so far as it allows for
recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering electric cars parked nearby. That, he
said, boosts efficiency.
93．Why does Barcelona launch the MetroCharge project?
A．To fuel the city’s economy. B．To enhance passengers’ experience.
C．To promote green transportation. D．To raise the quality of electric cars.
94．What is Espinoza’s concern?
A．How to cut his travel expenses. B．Where to get a parking space.
C．How to avoid rush-hour traffic. D．Where to find a charging point.
95．What aspect of regenerative brakes is discussed in paragraph 5?
A．Their operating conditions. B．Their conventional standard.
C．Their potential risks. D．Their working mechanism.
96．What did Luna say about the system?
A．It uses reclaimed energy creatively. B．It improves workers’ efficiency.
C．It prioritizes the safety of trains. D．It generates jobs for the locals.
【答案】93．C 94．D 95．D 96．A
【导语】文章主要介绍了巴塞罗那推出的地铁能量回收项目，利用列车刹车余能为电车充电桩供电，实现
绿色交通与能源高效利用。
【详解】93．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Barcelona has put together a package of clean energy
technologies to help public transportation go greener, while also doing its part to tackle climate change and aid
Europe’s difficult shift to the privately owned electric vehicle market.(巴塞罗那整合了一整套清洁能源技术，助力公共交通走向绿色环保，同时为应对气候变化出力，并助力欧洲艰难转向私人电动汽车市场。)”可知，
该项目目的是推广绿色交通。
94．细节理解题。根据第四段中的““I am pleasantly surprised, because I am always looking for where to plug
it in,” Espinoza said before catching the subway in a working-class area of southern Barcelona. (埃斯皮诺萨在巴
塞罗那南部一处工人街区搭乘地铁前说道：“我又惊喜又开心，我总在四处找地方给车充电。”)”可知，
埃斯皮诺萨一直发愁找不到充电桩。
95．主旨大意题。根据第五段中的“They consist of an electric motor which collects energy used in the braking
action that would be lost as heat by conventional brakes. That energy can be immediately used to accelerate the
vehicle or, in the case of the Barcelona subway system, sent along cables to supply electricity for the station or for
electric car chargers.(它们由一个电动机构成，该电动机会收集刹车动作中产生的能量——这些能量在传统
刹车系统中会以热量的形式散失掉。这些能量可以立即用于加速车辆，或者在巴塞罗那地铁系统的情况
下，通过电缆输送，为车站或电动汽车充电桩供电。)”可知，本段介绍了再生刹车的工作原理。
96．细节理解题。根据第六段中的“Alvaro Luna, a professor of electrical engineering, said that the system is
innovative in so far as it allows for recycled energy to be redirected to specific local uses — in this case powering
electric cars parked nearby. (电气工程教授阿尔瓦罗・卢纳表示，这套系统颇具创新性，原因在于它能将回
收的电能重新调配，用于当地特定用途——本案例中就是为停在附近的电动汽车供电。)”可知，卢纳认为
该系统创新性地利用了回收能源。
（2026·浙江·高考真题）During your initial reading of material, do you ever go back and reread sentences
or paragraphs? Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are
asleep? 97 You are napping (打盹) or daydreaming. Halfway down the page you realize that you have
no idea what you have read. 98 Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not understand, but
because you were not paying attention. This type of rereading is called regression.
Napping and daydreaming are habits caused by lack of involvement with the material. Be demanding on
yourself and expect 100 percent attention to the task. Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate
the new material to what you already know. 99 If your mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not
be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.
Regression is a crutch (拐杖) that allows you to make up for wasted time. First of all, become aware of when
and why you are regressing. 100 Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something
else, but I’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.”
101 Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However,regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time.
A．Both are to blame.
B．Probably the latter is true.
C．Don’t just read the words; think the ideas.
D．Spend a few minutes reading the material aloud.
E．Your eyes were engaged, but your mind was not.
F．Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit.
G．Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy.
【答案】97．B 98．E 99．C 100．F 101．G
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍阅读中因打瞌睡导致的回读现象，分析原因并给出专注阅读、克服
该习惯的建议。
97．根据上文“Is it because the material is too difficult to comprehend on the first reading or because you are
asleep? (是因为材料太难，第一次读不懂，还是因为你打瞌睡了？)”以及下文“You are napping (打盹) or
daydreaming. (你在打盹或做白日梦。)”可知，此处应承接上文的两个疑问，明确更可能是后者（打瞌睡）
的情况，B选项“Probably the latter is true. (可能后者是对的。)”中的the latter指代上文because you are
asleep，与下文的打盹、做白日梦相呼应，符合语境。故选B项。
98．根据上文“Halfway down the page you realize that you have no idea what you have read. (读到页面中间，
你意识到自己根本不知道读了什么。)”以及下文“Thus, you go back and reread, not because you did not
understand, but because you were not paying attention. (因此，你回去重读，不是因为你不懂，而是因为你没
有集中注意力。)”可知，此处应体现眼睛在看但大脑没专注的状态，E选项“Your eyes were engaged, but
your mind was not. (你的眼睛在看，但你的大脑没有投入。)”既解释了为什么不知道读了什么，又为下文
“没集中注意力”的原因做铺垫，符合语境。故选E项。
99．根据上文“Engage your mind. Visualize the incoming ideas, and relate the new material to what you already
know. (集中注意力。想象即将接收的观点，并将新材料与你已有的知识联系起来。)”以及下文“If your
mind is truly occupied with the text, you will not be able to think about Friday night or where to go on Saturday.
(如果你的大脑真的专注于文本，你就不会去想周五晚上或周六去哪里。)”可知，此处应强调阅读时要思考
观点而非只看文字，C选项“Don’t just read the words; think the ideas. (不要只看文字，要思考其中的观
点。)”与上文Engage your mind和下文mind is truly occupied with the text相呼应，符合语境。故选C项。
100．根据上文“First of all, become aware of when and why you are regressing. (首先，要意识到自己何时以
及为何会回读。)”以及下文“Say, “OK. I missed that paragraph because I was thinking of something else, butI’m going to keep on going and start paying close attention.” (比如，“好的。我因为想别的事情错过了那一
段，但我会继续读下去，并开始集中注意力。”)”可知，此处应体现意识到回读原因后，要拒绝回读以打
破习惯，F选项“Then, start denying yourself the right in order to break the habit. (然后，开始拒绝自己回读的
权利，以打破这个习惯。)”中的Then承接上文First of all，denying yourself the right与下文keep on going相
呼应，符合语境。故选F项。
101．根据下文“Good readers who monitor their own comprehension use it in the reading process. However,
regressing because your mind was asleep is a waste of time. (善于监控自己理解程度的优秀读者会在阅读过程
中使用它。然而，因为打瞌睡而回读是浪费时间。)”可知，此处应区分两种回读，强调因不懂而回读是合
理的，G选项“Rereading because you did not understand is a reasonable fix-up strategy. (因为不懂而回读是一
种合理的补救策略。)”中的Rereading because you did not understand与下文regressing because your mind was
asleep形成对比，reasonable fix-up strategy与下文use it in the reading process相呼应，符合语境。故选G
项。
（2026·浙江·高考真题）Carbon removal is crucial for fighting climate change. Scientists at Salk Institute
are making use of the natural capacity of plants to absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This
optimization (优化) aims to increase the amount of carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage.
To design these climate-saving plants, the scientists are using a research tool called SLEAP — an AI
software that tracks multiple features of root growth. Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially
designed to track animal movement in the lab. Now, Pereira has teamed up with plant scientist Professor Wolfgang
Busch to apply SLEAP to plants.
In a study published in Plant Phenomics, Busch and Pereira establish a new procedure for using SLEAP to
analyze plant root phenotypes — how deep and wide they grow, how massive their root systems become, and other
physical qualities. Prior to SLEAP, tracking the physical characteristics of both plants and animals required a lot of
labor that slowed the scientific process. SLEAP uses computer vision (the ability for computers to understand
images) and deep learning (an AI approach for training a computer to learn and work like the human brain) to help
researchers process images much more quickly.
The application of SLEAP to plants has already enabled researchers to establish the most extensive catalog
(目录) of plant root phenotypes to date. What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps
scientists find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics are
determined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most
beneficial to their plant designs.“Our cooperation is truly proof of what makes Salk science so special and impactful,” says Pereira. “We’re
not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re really putting them on equal footing in order to create
something greater than the sum of its parts.”
102．What do the scientists at Salk Institute hope to achieve?
A．Keeping more carbon in plants. B．Optimizing the use of energy.
C．Enhancing biological diversity. D．Reducing carbon absorption.
103．Why did Pereira create SLEAP?
A．To generate plant images. B．To conduct research on animals.
C．To study climate patterns. D．To track features of root growth.
104．What will SLEAP help the scientists do?
A．Pick out diseased plants in the forest. B．Collect samples of plant root systems.
C．Identify genes for desirable plant roots.D．Preserve the genes of endangered plants.
105．What can be inferred from Pereira’s words?
A．Academic disciplines are of equal importance.
B．Computer programming is a must for scientists.
C．Interdisciplinary approach promotes creativity.
D．Cooperation outweighs competition in research.
【答案】102．A 103．B 104．C 105．C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述索尔克研究所科学家为固碳优化植物根系，将原追踪动物AI工具
SLEAP应用于研究植物根系表型，助力筛选有益基因，这也是跨学科合作的成果。
102．细节理解题。根据第一段“Scientists at Salk Institute are making use of the natural capacity of plants to
absorb carbon dioxide by enhancing their root systems. This optimization ( 优化) aims to increase the amount of
carbon stored and extend the duration of its storage. (索尔克研究所的科学家们通过强化植物根系，利用其吸收
二氧化碳的天然能力。这一优化旨在增加碳的储存量并延长其储存时间。)”可知，索尔克研究所的科学家
们希望让植物储存更多的碳。故选A项。
103．细节理解题。根据第二段“Created by Salk Fellow Talmo Pereira, SLEAP was initially designed to track
animal movement in the lab. (SLEAP 由索尔克研究所的塔尔莫・佩雷拉研发，最初被设计用于在实验室中
追踪动物的活动。)”可知，佩雷拉研发SLEAP是为了开展动物相关研究。故选B项。
104．细节理解题。根据第四段“What’s more, tracking these physical root system characteristics helps scientists
find genes (基因) associated with those characteristics, as well as whether multiple root characteristics aredetermined by the same genes or independently. This allows the Salk team to determine what genes are most
beneficial to their plant designs. (此外，追踪这些植物根系的物理特征，有助于科学家找到与这些特征相关的
基因，同时还能弄清多种根系特征是由同一基因决定，还是各自独立调控。这也让索尔克研究所的研究团
队能够确定，哪些基因对其植物育种研究最具利用价值。)”可知，SLEAP能帮助科学家识别出利于培育理
想根系的基因。故选C项。
105．推理判断题。根据最后一段佩雷拉的话“We’re not just ‘borrowing’ from different disciplines — we’re
really putting them on equal footing in order to create something greater than the sum of its parts. (我们不只是从
不同学科中‘借鉴’，而是真正让各学科处于平等地位，以创造出比各部分总和更有价值的成果。)”可
知，跨学科的研究方法能够促进创新。故选C项。
（2026·浙江·高考真题）The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary
public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual
artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call
is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes,
but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be
from existing or newly created work.
The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production,
installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs.Estimated Project Timeline
August 2 Call for Artists responses due
Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with
By August 12
the City of Burlington
September 6 Final artwork files due
Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days
September 23 — October 13
celebration
Application Package
Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork
concept.
Artwork or Writing Submission:
•Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in
progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your
“sketch”.
•Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such asa poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece.
Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third
person.
106．What is the purpose of this text?
A．To raise money for local artists. B．To release a collection of artwork.
C．To introduce a cultural festival. D．To call for artworks for a project.
107．How long will the public art signs be on display?
A．Ten days. B．Three weeks. C．One month. D．Two months.
108．Which of the following meets the application requirements?
A．A 150-word poem. B．A 100-word self-introduction.
C．A 300-word story. D．A 200-word artwork statement.
【答案】106．D 107．B 108．A
【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合文化日征集本地艺术家作品，涵盖视觉
与文学类型，明确报酬、时间节点及提交材料要求，作品将在指定时段展示。
106．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a
series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will
select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-
use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign
format. (伯灵顿市的公共艺术项目将在贝希威亚海滩举办一系列临时公共艺术标识，与安大略文化日活动
同步进行。该项目将挑选 10 名视觉艺术家和 10 名作家来创作作品，这些作品将被展示在多用途路径上
的临时标识牌上。此次征集面向伯灵顿本地的艺术家，并且接受所有能够以标识形式呈现的艺术形式的投
稿。)”可知，文章核心内容是伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合安大略文化日，面向本地艺术家征集可用于标牌
展示的艺术作品（包括视觉艺术和文学作品），同时明确了征集要求、时间节点、报酬及提交材料。由此
可知，这篇文章的目的是为一个项目征集艺术作品。故选D项。
107．细节理解题。根据Estimated Project Timeline部分，作品展示时间为“September 23 — October 13 (9
月23日至10月13日)”计算可知，9月剩余8天（23日 - 30日），10月展示13天，总计21天，即三周。
故选B项。
108．细节理解题。根据Application Package中“Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement
(maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. (作品说明：请提供一份简短的说明（最多150个
词），阐述您的作品理念。)”、“Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It maybe a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. (文字投稿：投稿内容不得
超过 250 个词。可以是独立的作品，比如一首诗或一篇短篇小说，也可以是从一篇较大作品中选取的一
部分。)”以及“Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in
the third person. (艺术家简介：请以第三人称撰写一段简短的艺术家介绍（最多50个词）。)”可知，A选项
“150 词的诗歌”符合写作类作品“最多250 词”的要求，正确。BCD选项均与原文实意不符。故选A
项。
（2026·浙江·高考真题）When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student misconceptions.
Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn isn’t relevant to
the real world — much less to their personal interests. I’ve discovered that if I show students how what they learn is
relevant to my hobbies, they’re much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their
own hobbies.
No matter what subject I’m teaching, I find ways to bring my hobbies into the classroom. For example, I’m a
car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my knowledge about cars. If we’re covering
friction, for example, I bring different tires (轮胎) into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab
experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications.
When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing so would build engagement
and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the practice also helped me build
stronger relationships with them. When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who
were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses. Even those who
didn’t share that interest with me seemed more engaged once I showed a different side of myself.
What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy. Even when I’m planning classes, I tend to think
about how I can bring in my hobbies. I find that doing so energizes my instruction, engages my students, and
demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world. Best of all, my passion for my hobbies
seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own.
109．What poses a challenge to teachers according to the author?
A．Students’ misunderstandings about teachers.
B．Students’ false assumptions about learning.
C．The irrelevance of textbooks to students’ life.
D．The gap between teachers’ and students’ hobbies.
110．Why does the author bring tires into the classroom?A．To teach an engineering skill. B．To explain the structure of a car.
C．To share a real-life experience. D．To illustrate a scientific concept.
111．What was the unexpected outcome of the author’s teaching method?
A．A higher class attendance rate. B．Better examination results.
C．A closer teacher-student bond. D．More spare time for students.
112．Which of the following best describes the author as a teacher?
A．Innovative. B．Humorous. C．Decisive. D．Sympathetic.
【答案】109．B 110．D 111．C 112．A
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位教师为打破学生对学习的错误认知，将自己的爱好融入课堂教
学的经历，介绍了该教学方式的具体实践、初衷，以及意外收获的师生关系升温的效果，最终这一做法成
为其教学理念，不仅让课堂更生动，还能启发学生找到自身的兴趣热情。
【详解】109．细节理解题。根据第一段“When you’re a teacher, a big part of your job is battling student
misconceptions. Often students come to the classroom believing that learning can’t be fun and that what they learn
isn’t relevant to the real world — much less to their personal interests (作为一名教师，工作的很大一部分是纠
正学生的错误认知。学生们走进教室时，往往认为学习毫无乐趣，所学的知识与现实世界无关，更不用说
和他们的个人兴趣相关了)”可知，教师面临的一大挑战是学生对于学习的错误设想，认为学习无趣且和现
实、自身兴趣无关。故选B。
110．细节理解题。根据第二段“I’m a car enthusiast, so when I teach physics, I contextualize concepts with my
knowledge about cars. If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my
students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (我是一名汽车
爱好者，所以教物理时，我会用汽车相关知识为物理概念创设情境。比如讲到摩擦力时，我会把不同的轮
胎带到教室，让学生用它们做实验，看看摩擦力在现实生活中是如何起作用的)”可知，作者将轮胎带到教
室，是为了借助实物实验，让学生理解摩擦力这一科学概念在现实中的应用，也就是阐释科学概念。故选
D。
111．细节理解题。根据第三段“When I first brought my hobbies to my classroom, I was focused on how doing
so would build engagement and help my students understand concepts in science. But I quickly learned that the
practice also helped me build stronger relationships with them (起初我把爱好带进课堂时，一心想着这样做能
提高学生的课堂参与度，帮助他们理解科学概念，但我很快发现，这种做法还帮助我和学生建立了更紧密
的关系)”可知，作者将爱好融入课堂的初衷是提升参与度、帮助学生理解概念，而意外的结果是师生之间
的联系变得更加紧密。故选C。112．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据作者打破传统教学模式，主动将自己的汽车爱好融入物理课堂，
通过第二段“If we’re covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students
can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications (例如，如果我们要讨论
摩擦，我会把不同的轮胎带到教室里，这样我的学生就可以用它们进行实验室实验，看看摩擦在现实生活
中是如何工作的)”和最后一段“What started as an experiment is now more of a philosophy.Even when I'm
planning classes，I tend to think about how I can bring in my hobbies.I find that doing so energizes my
instruction，engages my students，and demonstrates to them how abstract concepts play out in the real world.Best
of all，my passion for my hobbies seems to inspire them to be passionate about finding their own.(最初的尝试如
今已演变成一种教学理念。即使在备课的时候，我也会思考如何把爱好融入教学。我发现这样做能让我的
课堂更有活力，吸引学生的注意力，并向他们展示抽象概念在现实世界中的具体体现。最重要的是，我对
爱好的热情似乎能激励他们满怀热情地去寻找属于自己的兴趣所在)”可知，作者作为教师，敢于创新教学
方式，打破学生对学习的固有认知，是富有创新精神的。故选A。
（2026·浙江·高考真题）Human beings have always loved reviews: word of mouth has long been
regarded as one of the most valuable marketing tools available to a company. Consumers enjoy reading
and giving reviews. However, the problem is that a lot of the reviews are fake (假的). Shabnam Azimi and
Alexander Krasnikov of Loyola University of Chicago and Kwong Chan of Northeastern University
recently published a study on fake reviews.
The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of them were real; others were
fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to read: a balanced set
of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a random
order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel.
The results show that consumers generally trust negative reviews more than positive ones. Moreover,
we humans tend to assume that positive reviews might be fake. “Overall, negative reviews are less
common. So, we pay more attention to them. When a negative review is fake, we get tricked,” Azimi
says.
When it came to faking a review, length was important to believability, as was detail. A long,
negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information, tended to convince participants. A lengthy,
positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious, and participants tended to trust writers that
kept their glowing reviews short. Emotion was also important in convincing readers — or the lack of
emotion, at least. Azimi says study participants tended not to trust reviews where the writers expressedtheir feelings in a big way. The more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take
the reader in.
The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by humans, but increasingly, fake
reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many companies use
algorithms (算法) to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by
humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign.
113．Which aspect of the study does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?
A．Its design. B．Its findings. C．Its purposes. D．Its significance.
114．What does the underlined word “glowing” in paragraph 4 mean?
A．Funny. B．Abusive. C．Insightful. D．Praising.
115．What kind of review would readers most likely trust?
A．A long, positive one. B．An unemotional, negative one.
C．A short, negative one. D．An enthusiastic, positive one.
116．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Many companies are producing fake reviews. B．Writing fake reviews will be declared illegal.
C．Machines can detect fake reviews accurately. D．It will be harder to recognize fake reviews.
【答案】113．A 114．D 115．B 116．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍关于虚假评论的一项研究，包括研究设计、结果发现以及AI
生成虚假评论带来的识别难题等内容。
113．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The study used a data set of 1,600 reviews of Chicago hotels. Some of
them were real; others were fake. The reviews were presented to 400 subjects. Each subject got eight reviews to
read: a balanced set of two positive fake, two positive real, two negative fake and two negative real, presented in a
random order. The reviews were written by real people who were given information about the hotel.(该研究使用了
芝加哥酒店的1600条评论作为数据集，其中一些是真实的，另一些是虚假的。这些评论被呈现给400名受
试者，每位受试者要阅读8条评论：两组均衡的评论，包括2条虚假好评、2条真实好评、2条虚假差评和
2条真实差评，以随机顺序呈现。这些评论由获得酒店相关信息的真实人员撰写。)”可知，第二段主要介
绍了这项研究的数据集、受试者以及评论呈现方式等，即研究的设计情况。B项“它的发现”、C项“它
的目的”、D项“它的意义”均未在第二段体现，故选A项。
114．词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“A lengthy, positive review, on the other hand, was regarded as suspicious,
and participants tended to trust writers that kept their glowing reviews short.(另一方面，冗长的好评被认为是可疑的，受试者往往更信任那些保持glowing评论简短的作者。)”可知，此处“glowing reviews”与前文
“positive review（好评）”构成同义指代，由此猜测glowing意为“赞美的、表扬的”。A项“有趣
的”、B项“辱骂的”、C项“有洞察力的”均不符合语境，故选D项。
115．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A long, negative review of a hotel, complete with lots of information,
tended to convince participants.(一条包含大量信息的冗长酒店差评，往往更能让受试者信服。)”和“The
more dispassionate that negative write-up, the more likely it was to take the reader in.(负面评论越冷静客观，就
越有可能让读者相信。)”可知，读者最有可能相信的是冷静客观、不带强烈情绪的差评。A项“冗长的好
评”与“冗长的好评被认为可疑”相悖；C项“简短的差评”与“冗长的差评更有说服力”不符；D项
“热情洋溢的好评”与“情绪强烈的评论不被信任”相悖，故选B项。
116．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“The fake reviews written for Azimi’s study were put together by
humans, but increasingly, fake reviews are being written by AI, which makes them look more real. Though many
companies use algorithms (算法) to weed out fake reviews, Azimi points out that the machines are programmed by
humans, and given our limited ability to spot fake reviews, this isn’t a good sign.(为阿齐米的研究撰写的虚假评
论是由人类编写的，但如今越来越多的虚假评论由人工智能生成，这使得它们看起来更真实。尽管许多公
司使用算法来清除虚假评论，但阿齐米指出，这些机器是由人类编程的，而考虑到我们识别虚假评论的能
力有限，这并不是一个好迹象。)”可推断，随着AI生成的虚假评论越来越逼真，未来识别虚假评论将会变
得更加困难。A项“许多公司在生成虚假评论”文中未提及；B项“撰写虚假评论将被宣布为非法”文中
未提及；C项“机器能准确检测虚假评论”与“算法由人类编程，识别能力有限”相悖，故选D项。
（2025·上海·高考真题）How to Save Outdoor Recess (课间休息) As the first and last weeks of school keep
getting hotter in some places in the US, recess might be moved indoors day after day. Recess can improve grades
and is where children learn how to problem-solve and cooperate. 117
Shade can make a person feel much cooler. In the next few years, schools’ ability to install structures that provide
artificial shade could determine whether recess survives June, August, and September. 118
In Cheston, on average, the city’s primary-school playgrounds are almost entirely exposed to direct sunlight.
Some schools have no shade at all. In California, 91 percent of the average schoolyard has zero tree cover.
Shade structures can take just days to put up, but installing shade can cost thousands, even tens of thousands, of
dollars. Public schools and nonprofits can apply to the American Academy of Dermatology (皮肤病学) for up to
$8,000 in funding for shade structures, which won’t cover the full cost of many projects. 119
This is largely due to the fact that most government programs intended to help schools adapt to climate change
right now focus on energy efficiency, or cover the cost of planning, but do not fund the actual changes to buildings.Unless more resources emerge to support shade construction, in many parts of the country, school districts will
spend the first two weeks — even up to a month — with indoor recess.
If children do spend recess indoors, they’ll probably stay in the classroom, doing things like watching movies.
Some teachers will use the additional classroom time to pack in more instruction, while others may put on dance
videos that help children burn off energy. 120 They run freely and chase each other on the playground,
playing games and making friends. Those moments may endure in their memory.
A．After measuring shade in schoolyards, researchers have found that most have next to none.
B．But those things can’t replace the type of unstructured play that children need as they grow.
C．Financing these projects improves the quality of outdoor recess.
D．Still, these funds are one of the few outside sources of financing these projects.
E．The development of such an ability requires support from all levels.
F．The quickest way to keep playgrounds open through extreme heat is to get them out of direct sunlight.
【答案】117．F 118．A 119．D 120．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在美国部分地区天气炎热的背景下，通过增设遮阳设施来挽救户
外课间休息的方法及相关现实困境。
117．根据空前的“As the first and last weeks of school keep getting hotter in some places in the US, recess might
be moved indoors day after day. Recess can improve grades and is where children learn how to problem-solve and
cooperate. (在美国的一些地方，学期的第一周和最后一周变得越来越热，课间休息可能会日复一日地转移
到室内。课间休息可以提高成绩，也是孩子们学习如何解决问题和合作的地方)”以及空后的“Shade can
make a person feel much cooler. (阴凉处可以让人感觉凉快得多)”可知，此空需要引出解决户外课间休息因炎
热被迫转移的办法，且要衔接下文的“阴凉处”这一关键信息。F选项“The quickest way to keep
playgrounds open through extreme heat is to get them out of direct sunlight (在酷热天气下让操场正常开放的最
快方法是让它们避开阳光直射)”既回应了前文的问题，又自然引出下文的遮阳解决方案，符合语境。故选
F项。
118．根据空前的“In the next few years, schools’ ability to install structures that provide artificial shade could
determine whether recess survives June, August, and September. (在未来几年里，学校安装人工遮阳设施的能力
可能会决定课间休息能否在六月、八月和九月保留下来)”以及空后的“In Cheston, on average, the city’s
primary-school playgrounds are almost entirely exposed to direct sunlight. Some schools have no shade at all. In
California, 91 percent of the average schoolyard has zero tree cover. (在切斯顿，该市的小学操场平均几乎完全
暴露在阳光直射下。有些学校根本没有阴凉处。在加利福尼亚州，普通校园91%的区域没有树木遮荫)”可知，此空需要起到承上启下的作用，引出后文关于校园缺乏遮阳处的具体数据。A选项“After measuring
shade in schoolyards, researchers have found that most have next to none (研究人员在测量了校园的遮阳情况后
发现，大多数校园几乎没有遮阳处)”能够衔接前文的遮阳设施话题，同时引出后文的具体案例和数据，符
合语境。故选A项。
119．根据空前的“Shade structures can take just days to put up, but installing shade can cost thousands, even
tens of thousands, of dollars. Public schools and nonprofits can apply to the American Academy of Dermatology for
up to $8,000 in funding for shade structures, which won’t cover the full cost of many projects. (遮阳设施只需几天
就能搭建好，但安装遮阳设施可能要花费数千甚至数万美元。公立学校和非营利组织可以向美国皮肤病学
会申请高达8000美元的遮阳设施资金，但这笔钱不足以支付许多项目的全部成本)”可知，此空需要围绕这
笔资金的作用或地位展开，说明其虽不足但仍有价值。D选项“Still, these funds are one of the few outside
sources of financing these projects (尽管如此，这些资金仍是为这些项目提供资金的为数不多的外部来源之
一)”中的these funds指代前文的8000美元资助金，且承接前文“资金不足”的内容，强调其稀缺性，符合
语境。故选D项。
120．根据空前的“If children do spend recess indoors, they’ll probably stay in the classroom, doing things like
watching movies. Some teachers will use the additional classroom time to pack in more instruction, while others
may put on dance videos that help children burn off energy. (如果孩子们真的在室内度过课间休息，他们很可能
会待在教室里，做一些比如看电影之类的事情。一些老师会利用额外的课堂时间安排更多的教学内容，而
另一些老师可能会播放舞蹈视频来帮助孩子们消耗精力)”以及空后的“They run freely and chase each other
on the playground, playing games and making friends. Those moments may endure in their memory. (他们在操场
上自由奔跑、互相追逐，一起玩游戏、交朋友。那些瞬间可能会在他们的记忆中留存)”可知，此空需要将
室内课间活动和户外课间活动进行对比，突出户外课间活动不可替代的特点。B选项“But those things
can’t replace the type of unstructured play that children need as they grow (但这些活动无法替代孩子们成长过程
中所需要的那种无拘无束的玩耍)”中的those things指代前文的看电影、额外教学、看舞蹈视频等室内活
动，且通过转折引出户外自由玩耍的独特价值，符合语境。故选B项。