选择性必修第二册
UNIT 1 SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS
1. frustrated adj. 懊恼的;沮丧的;失意的→ frustrating adj. 令人懊恼的;令
人沮丧的→ frustrate v. 使懊恼;使沮丧→ frustration n. 懊恼,沮丧;受阻
2. infect vt. 使感染;传染→ infection n. 感染;传染→ infectious adj.
传染性的;感染的
3. proof n. 证据;证明;检验→ prove vt. 证明;检验;显示 vi. 证明是
4. patriotic adj. 爱国的→ patriot n. 爱国者→ patriotism n. 爱国主义;
爱国精神
5. defend vt. 保卫;防守;辩解→ defence n. 防御,防御物;国防机构;辩
护
6. assistant n. 助理;助手→ assistance n. 援助,帮助;支持→ assist
v. 帮助;协助;援助
7. gifted adj. 有天赋的;有天才的;天资聪慧的→ gift n. 礼物;赠品;才能,
天赋;轻而易举的事,绝对不会错失的机会 v. 赠送;(无意中)让(对手)获得
8. steady adj. 稳定的;平稳的;稳步的→ steadily adv. 稳定地;稳固地;有规
则地
9. astronomer n. 天文学家→ astronomy n. 天文学
UNIT 2 BRIDGING CULTURES
1. ambition n. 追求的目标;夙愿;野心;抱负→ ambitious adj. 有野心的;有
雄心的
2. adaptation n. 适应;改编本→ adapt vi.& vt. (使)适应;(使)适合 vt. 改编
3. participate vi. 参加;参与→ participation n. 参加;参与→ participant
n. 参加者;参与者
4. edition n. (报纸、杂志)一份;(广播、电视节目)一期、一辑;版次→ edit
v. 编辑,校订;编选;剪辑;主编 n. 编辑,校订,剪辑→ editor n. 编辑;记者;剪辑师;
编辑程序
5. motivate vt. 成为……的动机;激发;激励→ motivation n. 动力;积极性;动
机→ motivated adj. 积极的;主动的6. reasonable adj. 有道理的;合情理的→ reason n. 原因,理由;充分理由,
正当理由;道理,情理;判断力,理智 v. 推论出,推断出;推理,思考;对(某人)以理相劝,劝告
7. expectation n. 期望;预期;期待→ expect v. 期待;预计
8. applicant n. 申请人→ apply vt. 申请;涂,敷;应用 vi. 申请;涂,敷;
适用;请求→ application n. 应用;申请;应用程序;敷用;(对事物、学习等)投入
9. depress vt. 使沮丧;使忧愁→ depression n. 沮丧;忧愁;抑郁症;洼地;不
景气;低气压区→ depressed adj. 沮丧的;意志消沉的
10. logical adj. 合乎逻辑的;合情合理的→ logic n. 逻辑;逻辑学;逻辑性
→ logically adv. 逻辑上;合乎逻辑
UNIT 3 FOOD AND CULTURE
1. prior adj. 先前的;优先的→ priority n. 优先事项;最重要的事;优先权
→ prioritize vt. 优先处理;按重要性排列
2. elegant adj. 精美的;讲究的;文雅的→ elegance n. 优雅,雅致;简练
→ elegantly adv. 优美地
3. minimum n. 最小值;最少量 adj. 最低(限度)的;最小的→ minimize vt. 减
到最低数量;降到最低程度;使最小化→ maximum n. 最大量;最大限度 adj. 最高的;最多的;
最大极限的→ maximize vt. 使增加到最大限度;充分利用;最大限度地利用
4. stable adj. 稳定的;稳重的→ stably adv. 稳固地;安定地;平稳地→stability
n. 稳定(性);稳固(性)
5. association n. 协会;关联→ associate v. 联想,联系 n. 同事;伙伴;合伙
人 adj. 有关联的;联合的;副的
6. regardless adv. 不顾;不加理会→ regard n. 尊敬;关注;关心 [pl.] 致意;
问候 vt. 看待;将……视为;注视
7. moderation n. 适度;合理→ moderate adj. 适度的;适中的;温和的 vi.&
vt. (使)缓和;(使)适中 n. 持温和观点者(尤指政见)
8. consistent adj. 一致的;连续的→ consistency n. 一致性,连贯性;黏稠度,
平滑度→ consistently adv. 一贯地;一致地;坚实地
UNIT 4 JOURNEY ACROSS A VAST LAND
1. pleasant adj. 令人愉快的;友好的→ pleasure n. 快乐,满足,欣慰2. freeze vi.& vt. 结冰;(使)冻住→ freezing adj. 极冷的;冰冻的→
frozen adj. 冰冻的;冻僵的
3. anticipate vt. 预料;预见;期望→ anticipation n. 预料;预见;期望
4. thunder vi. 打雷;轰隆隆地响;轰隆隆地快速移动 n. 雷声;轰隆声→
thunderous adj. 雷鸣般的;声音很大的
5. astonish vt. 使十分惊讶;使吃惊→ astonished adj. 感到十分惊讶→
astonishing adj. 令人十分惊讶的;难以置信的→ astonishment n. 惊讶;令人惊讶的
事物
6. mist n. 薄雾;水汽→ misty adj. 多雾的;模糊的
7. advertisement n. 广告;启事→ advertise v. 为……做广告,登广告
8. photographer n. 摄影师;拍照者→ photograph n. 照片;相片 vt. 拍照
→ photography n. 照相术;摄影
UNIT 5 FIRST AID
1. swell vi. 膨胀;肿胀→ swollen adj. (身体部位)肿起的;肿胀的
2. urgent adj. 紧急的;急迫的;急切的→ urgency n. 紧急,迫切;迫切需要;
紧急的事→ urgently adv. 迫切地;紧急地;急切地
3. ease vi.& vt. (使)宽慰;减轻;缓解 n. 容易;舒适;自在→ easy adj. 容
易的;舒适的,自如的;随和的;轻浮的;平缓的 adv. 小心;容易地,悠闲地
4. operator n. 电话接线员;操作员→ operation n. 运作,实施;运转,操作;
手术→ operate vi. 运转;动手术;起作用 vt. 操作;经营;引起
5. bleed vi. 流血;失血→ bleeding n. 流血;失血
6. tight adj. 牢固的;紧身的;绷紧的;严密的 adv. 紧紧地;牢固地→ tightly
adv. 紧紧地;牢固地;紧密地→ tighten vi.& vt. (使)变紧;更加牢固;抓紧 vt. 使更加严格;
加强
7. foggy adj. 有雾的→ fog n. 雾;烟雾,尘雾;困惑,迷惘 v. 起雾;使
(令)人困惑
8. membership n. 会员身份;全体会员;会员人数→ member n. 成员;会员
基础练习
用单词的适当形式完成句子1.The (assist) took the book and checked the price on the back cover.
【答案】assistant
【解析】考查名词。句意:售货员接过书,检查了封底上的价格。此处作主语,应用名词assistant“售货
员”,此处特指那名售货员,应用名词单数形式。故填assistant。
2.I suspected her damaging the equipment.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。句意:我怀疑她损坏了设备。suspect sb. of doing sth.意为“怀疑某人做某事”,为固
定搭配,所以此处应用介词of。故填of。
3. made him feel satisfied was that his students were able to read in English.
【答案】What
【解析】考查主语从句。句意:使他感到满意的是他的学生能够用英语阅读。此处引导主语从句,连接词
在从句中作主语,应用连接代词what,指代“使他感到满意的事情”,位于句首,首字母大写。故填
What。
4.This isn’t the original work but an (adapt).
【答案】adaptation
【解析】考查名词。句意:这不是原作,而是改编本。由an可知,此空应填可数名词单数,在本句中作表
语,adaptation表“改编本”,符合句意。故填adaptation。
5.With China (participate) in the world trade more frequently, the world economy is developing more
rapidly and steadily.
【答案】participating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着中国更加频繁地参与世界贸易,世界经济更加快速稳定地发展。
participate作with复合结构中宾语China的补足语,是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语China之间是主动关系,
用现在分词表主动。故填participating。
6.In the battle of the COVID-19, Chinese medical workers risk (expose) to the virus.
【答案】being exposed/exposure
【解析】考查非谓语动词(名词)。句意:在抗击新冠肺炎疫情的战斗中,中国医务工作者面临着被新冠
病毒感染的风险。分析句子成分可知,设空处充当谓语动词risk的宾语;risk后面接动名词作宾语,且结
合句意可知,设空处表达了被动的含义,所以需要用到动名词的被动语态。也可用名词exposure作risk的
宾语。故填being exposed/exposure。
7.His parents have high (expect) for his future.【答案】expectations
【解析】考查名词。句意:他的父母对他的未来期望很高。形容词 high后接名词,在句中作宾语。expect
的名词形式为expectation,泛指,所以用复数形式。根据句意,故填expectations。
8.Studying in another country exposes students to different (surround), which makes them know about
the country’s customs, people and regions.
【答案】surroundings
【解析】考查名词。句意:在另一个国家学习使学生接触到不同的环境,这使他们了解这个国家的风俗、
人民和地区。分析句子可知,空处应用名词作介词to的宾语;surround的名词形式为surrounding,表示
“周围环境”,常以复数形式出现。故填surroundings。
9.Coral turns white due to the increasing temperature of its (surround)water.
【答案】surrounding
【解析】考查形容词。句意:因为周围水的温度的提高,珊瑚变成了白色。此处作定语,修饰water,故应
用形容词surrounding“周围的”,故填surrounding。
10.The bar counter is possibly the only site in the British Isles where friendly conversation with strangers is
considered entirely appropriate and really quite normal (behave).
【答案】behavio(u)r
【解析】考查名词。句意:酒吧柜台可能是不列颠群岛上唯一一个与陌生人友好交谈被认为是完全合适的、
真正正常的行为的地方。根据句意,被认为是应该是固定短语be consider (to be),可知句中省略了to be,
所以空出应用名词作表语,表示行为,故填behavio(u)r。
11.Shortly after I received his invitation, (apply)to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet
groups were sent around through my high school.
【答案】applications
【解析】考查名词。句意:收到他的邀请后不久,加入青年自然保护组织和青年地区保护组织的申请表在
我的学校到处散发。此处作主语,故应用名词“application申请表”,且根据谓语动词were sent可知,此
处应用名词复数作主语,故填applications。
12.They only think it is a cheap way to travel and don’t really want to get (involve)in hard work.
【答案】involved
【解析】考查过去分词。句意:他们只认为这是旅行的便宜的方式,并不是真的想要努力工作。根据句意
可知,此处意为“参与”,表达为get involved in,过去分词作表语,故填involved。
13.Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best team. But this time there is an(except).
【答案】exception
【解析】考查名词。句意:通常,年度最佳球员的头衔是授予最好球队中的著名球员。但这次有个例外。
空处用于不定冠词an之后,应用名词exception的单数形式,表示“例外”,在there be句型中作主语。故
填exception。
14.The energy (consume) of wireless networks will definitely increase a lot if efficiency of
existing networks remains unchanged.
【答案】consumption
【解析】考查名词。句意:如果现有网络的效率不变,无线网络的能耗肯定会增加很多。分析句子结构可
知,此处为名词作主语,consume的名词为consumption意为“消耗”,且为不可数名词。故填
consumption。
15.Believe it or not, the first time I happened to read the newspaper Youth a couple of months ago, I felt an urge
to finish reading it in one (breathe).
【答案】breath
【解析】考查名词。句意:信不信由你,几个月前我第一次读《青年》的时候,我有一种想一口气读完的
冲动。根据句意以及空前介词“in”可知,应为名词breath作宾语。且in one breath为固定搭配“一口气”。
故填breath。
16.To our (astonish), he arrived on time.
【答案】astonishment
【解析】考查名词。句意:令我们吃惊的是,他准时到了。our后跟名词,astonish的名词是
astonishment,意为“惊讶”,是不可数名词,to one’s astonishment意为“令某人吃惊的是”,故填
astonishment。
17.I am very pleased (make)friends with you.
【答案】to have made/to make
【解析】考查固定搭配。句意:我很高兴和你交朋友。分析句意再根据pleased可知,此处用动词不定式构
成固定短语be pleased to do sth或be pleased to have done表示“很高兴做某事”。故填to make或to have
made。
18.He wondered if he could slide out of the lecture hall with nobody (notice) him.
【答案】noticing
【解析】考查with的复合结构。句意:他想知道他是否可以在没有人注意到他的情况下悄悄溜出演讲大厅。分析句子可知,这里考查with的复合结构,且宾语nobody和非谓语动词notice之间是逻辑上的主动关系,
所以这里应用现在分词作宾补。故填noticing。
19.It (suspect) that the drugs had been brought into the country by boat.
【答案】 was suspected
【解析】考查动词语态。句意:人们怀疑这些毒品是用船运进这个国家的。it是形式主语,that从句是真
正的主语,suspect与主语是逻辑动宾关系,应用被动语态,由that the drugs had been brought into the
country by boat可知,此处使用一般过去时。故填was suspected。
20.She gained a (qualify) in marketing.
【答案】qualification
【解析】考查名词。句意:她取得了市场营销方面的文凭。不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词,空处需填名词
qualification,作动词gained的宾语。故填qualification。
综合训练
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(一)
Lemon duck is a special dish in Wuming, Nanning, Guangxi. And it 21 (belong) to Guangxi cuisine
and is one of the top ten classic dishes in Guangxi.
Wuming lemon duck, also known as Gaofeng lemon duck, originated in Wuming District, Nanning. Lemon
duck first 22 (appear) in the early 1980s. There was a small shop beside the boundary marker on Yongwu
road in Nanning, 23 provided dishes for drivers all year round. After continuous development, this famous
dish came into being.
The 24 (finish) lemon duck looks golden and attractive with oil juice, and the lemon and duck meat
smell 25 (especial) delicious. Duck meat with lemon and sour pepper is suitable for a sour 26 spicy
taste, fragrant (香的) but not greasy (油腻的). It is an appetizer. And the duck is crispy, with a special aroma of
lemon.
The special flavor of lemon duck is not just credited to lemon. In fact, sour pepper, sour Chinese onions, sour
ginger, mashed garlic and so on should be added when frying. Before coming out of the pot, add salted lemon and
purple perilla (紫苏) 27 (leaf), and the salted lemon can only be put in after being seeded. Otherwise, it will
become bitter after 28 (cook) for a long time, and the fragrance will be lost.
The Gaofeng lemon duck was listed in the 29 (seven) batch of representative projects of intangiblecultural heritage in Nanning and it was rated 30 one of the top ten classic dishes in Guangxi as “Chinese
cuisine”.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了广西南宁武鸣的一道特色菜——柠檬鸭。
21.belongs【解析】考查时态。句意:它属于广西菜系,是广西十大经典菜之一。根据句意和后文is可知,
本句描述客观事实,用一般现在时。主语为单数,主谓一致,故填belongs。
22.appeared【解析】考查时态。句意:柠檬鸭最早出现在20世纪80年代初。根据时间状语in the early
1980s可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填appeared。
23.which【解析】考查定语从句。句意:南宁市永武路界标旁有一家小店,常年为司机提供菜肴。分析
句子可知,此处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指物,关系代词在从句中作主语,应用which引导。故填
which。
24.finished【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:成品的柠檬鸭色泽金黄,油滑诱人,柠檬和鸭肉闻起来特别
香。此处为非谓语,动词finish和后文名词lemon duck之间是被动关系,故用其过去分词作定语。故填
finished。
25.especially【解析】考查副词。句意:同上。修饰形容词用副词作状语。故填especially。
26.and【解析】考查连词。句意:柠檬酸椒鸭肉适合酸辣口味,香而不腻。根据句意可知,此处前后文
之间是并列关系,应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
27.leaves【解析】考查名词复数。句意:出锅前,加入盐柠檬和紫苏叶,盐柠檬要去籽后才能放进去。
leaf是可数名词,零冠词可数名词表泛指。故填leaves。
28.cooking/being cooked【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:否则烹调时间久了就会变苦,香味也就失去了。
介词之后要用动名词作其宾语;cook可作及物动词和不及物动词,所以此处填cooking 或being cooked(被
动含义)都可以。故填cooking/being cooked。
29.seventh【解析】考查序数词。句意:高峰柠檬鸭被列入南宁市第七批非物质文化遗产代表性项目,被
评为广西十大经典菜肴“中国菜”之一。根据句意和前文the可知,此处应用其序数词,修饰名词。故填
seventh。
30.as【解析】考查介词。句意:同上。be rated as“被评为”是固定搭配,符合句意。故填as。
(二)
Cloning is a technique scientists use to make genetic copies of living things. Genes, cells, 31
(tissue) and even whole animals can all be cloned.
Some clones already exist in nature. Single-celled organisms like bacteria make exact copies of themselves
each time they reproduce. In humans, identical twins are similar 32 clones.Scientists also make clones in the lab. They often clone genes in order to study 33 better understand
them. To clone a gene, researchers take DNA from a living creature and insert it into 34 carrier. Every
time that carrier reproduces, a new copy of the gene will be made.
In 1996, Scottish scientists cloned the first animal, which is a sheep 35 (name) Dolly. Since then,
scientists 36 (clone) cows, cats, deer, horses and rabbits. They still have not cloned a human, though.
37 (part), this is because it is difficult to produce a viable (能成活的) clone. In each attempt, there can be
genetic mistakes that prevent the clone from 38 (survive). There 39 (be) also ethical concerns
about cloning a human being.
The cloning of animals has been used in a number of different applications. Livestock (家畜) like cows and
pigs have been cloned to produce more milk or meat. Clones can even “bring back” a beloved pet 40 has
died. Cloning might one day bring back extinct species like the woolly mammoth or giant panda.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了克隆技术,包括克隆的动物和克隆技术的应用。
31.tissues【解析】考查名词。句意:克隆是科学家用来复制生物基因的一种技术。基因、细胞、组织甚
至整个动物都可以被克隆。设空处在句中和空前的Genes, cells并列作主语,应用名词复数的形式。故填
tissues。
32.to【解析】考查介词。句意:在人类中,同卵双胞胎与克隆体相似。固定短语be similar to和……相似。
故填to。
33.and【解析】考查连词。句意:他们经常克隆基因是为了更好地研究和理解它们。空前的“to study”和
空后的“to better understand”并列,应用and。故填and。
34.a【解析】考查冠词。句意:为了克隆基因,研究人员从生物身上提取DNA并将其插入载体中。设空
处后为名词单数,表示泛指,设空处应用不定冠词,carrier为辅音音素开头,应用a。故填a。
35.named【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1996年,苏格兰科学家克隆了第一只动物,那是一只名叫多
莉的羊。设空处在句中作非谓语,和句子的逻辑主语sheep之间是逻辑的被动关系,应用动词的过去分词
的形式。故填named。
36.have cloned【解析】考查谓语动词的时态和语态。句意:从那时起,科学家们已经克隆了牛、猫、鹿、
马和兔子。设空处在句中作谓语,根据时间状语since then,可知句子的时态为现在完成时,设空处和句子
的谓语之间是主动关系;主语为scientists,结合主谓一致。故填have cloned。
37.Partly【解析】考查副词。句意:这在一定程度上是因为很难产生一个可行的克隆体。设空处在句中作
状语修饰整个句子,应用副词的形式,位于句首,首字母应大写。故填Partly。
38.surviving【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:在每一次尝试中,都可能有基因错误阻止克隆生存。设空处在句中作非谓语,固定短语prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事,设空处应用动名词的形式。故填
surviving。
39.are【解析】考查谓语动词。句意:克隆人也存在伦理问题。设空处在句中作谓语,there be句型谓语
采取“就近一致”的原则,空后为“ethical concerns”为复数形式。故填are。
40.that/which【解析】考查定语从句的引导词。句意:像牛和猪这样的牲畜已经被克隆出来以生产更多的
牛奶或肉。克隆人甚至可以让死去的心爱宠物“复活”。设空处引导定语从句,且在句中作指物的主语,
先行词为pet,故填that/which。
(三)
Kunming, the capital of Yunnan province, is the economic and 41 (culture) center of southwest
China. It is linked by rail with all of China ’s major cities. Its rail link with Hanoi(河内) 42 (establish)
in1901.
Kunming ’s mild climate makes it 43 good place to visit any time of the year. 44 it can
be hot and humid in summer, it has cool, dry winters. The climate here is great for flowers, with more than 400
varieties 45 (plant) here. The camellia(山茶花) is the city ’s official flower. The city is also known for its
green parks, such as Cuihu (Green Lake) Park with its waterways and winding paths. Younger 46 (tourist)
may enjoy a visit to Daguan Park because of its food stalls.
In addition to its own charms, Kunming serves 47 a base from which people can explore the culture of
ethnic groups in the area. The best known 48 (be)the Dai , Bai and Naxi. People can also visit the
Yunnan Stone Forest, which has been 49 (universal) known as “the first wonder of the world” since the
Ming Dynasty. The stone forest is located 120 km from Kunming, 50 (feature)impressive rock
formations.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了昆明作为云南省的首府,是中国西南地区的经济和文化
中心。昆明以其温和的气候而闻名,全年都是一个好地方可以参观。此外,昆明还拥有众多的花卉和绿色
公园,以及其他少数民族文化的探索基地。同时,人们还可以参观云南石林,这是一座自明代以来就被誉
为“世界第一奇观”的景点,距离昆明120公里。
41.cultural【解析】考查形容词。句意:昆明是云南省的省会,是中国西南地区的经济文化中心。分析句
子,设空处使用culture的形容词cultural作定语,修饰名词center,意为“文化的”。故填cultural。
42.was established【解析】考查动词。句意:它与河内的铁路连接于1901年建成。分析句子,设空处使
用动词作谓语,根据in 1901可知,句子表述过去发生的动作,故使用一般过去时。同时rail link与
establish之间是被动关系,故使用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was established。43.a【解析】考查冠词。句意:昆明温和的气候使它成为一年中任何时候游览的好地方。分析句子,句
中place为可数名词,空前使用冠词,此处表示泛指,故使用不定冠词。good首字母发音为辅音。故填a。
44.Although/Though/While【解析】考查连词。句意:虽然夏天炎热潮湿,但冬天凉爽干燥。分析句子,
设空处引导的是让步状语从句,此处意为“虽然,尽管”用although/though/while。同时,该空置于句首,
开头单词首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。
45.planted【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这里的气候非常适合花卉生长,种植了400多种花卉。分析
句子,句中构成with的复合结构,即with sth done,此处400 varieties与plant之间是被动关系,故使用过
去分词作宾补结构。故填planted。
46.tourists【解析】考查名词。句意:年轻的游客可能喜欢去大观公园,因为那里有大排档。分析句子,
设空处使用名词作主语,tourist意为“游客”,此处表示复数意义。故填tourists。
47.as【解析】考查介词。句意:除了具有自己的魅力之外,昆明还是一个可以探索该地区少数民族文化
的基地。句中serve as为固定短语,意为“充当……”。故填as。
48.are【解析】考查动词。句意:最著名的是傣族、白族和纳西族。分析句子,设空处使用动词作谓语,
句子表述客观事实,故使用一般现在时。句子的主语为复数即 Dai , Bai and Naxi.,故be动词用are。故填
are。
49.universally【解析】考查副词。句意:自明朝以来,人们普遍称云南石林为“世界第一奇观”,游客
们也可以来这里参观。分析句子,设空处使用副词作状语,universal意为“普遍的”,其副词为
universally。故填universally。
50.featuring【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:石林位于距昆明120公里处,以令人印象深刻的岩层为特
色。句中is located为谓语动词,设空处使用非谓语动词,句中the stone forest与feature之间为主动关系,
故使用现在分词作状语。故填featuring。
(四)
UN Chinese Language Day is observed annually on April 20, celebrating the language’s contribution to the
world and 51 (encourage) more people to learn it.
April 20 marks the Guyu, Grain Rain in Chinese. The Guyu is the 52 (six) of the 24 solar terms in
the traditional lunar calendar, the day when farmers start sowing. Each year they will celebrate Guyu in memory of
the person: Cang Jie, 53 was believed to create Chinese characters.
Chinese 54 (allow) to be an official language of the United Nations in 1946. However, in the early
years, Chinese was not 55 (common) used in the work of the United Nations. The situation improved
56 the restoration (恢复) of the lawful rights of the PRC in the United Nations in 1971. And in 1973, theGeneral Assembly (联合国大会) included Chinese as 57 working language. Then more and more UN
offices and work members work with the Chinese language.
This year’s celebrations included lectures on Chinese culture, film screenings, panel discussions on education
and art 58 (exhibition). The event also provided an opportunity 59 (practise) Chinese
calligraphy, draw in the Chinese style, and play classical Chinese musical instruments.
Today, more and more diplomats and UN staff 60 (learn) Chinese and familiarizing themselves with
the Chinese culture.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了联合国的汉语日,并且介绍了汉语在联合国的发展过程。
51.encouraging【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:每年的4月20日是联合国汉语日,庆祝汉语对世界的贡
献,并鼓励更多的人学习汉语。分析可知,空处和上文的现在分词celebrating为并列的状语,因此用非谓
语动词,encourage和逻辑主语UN Chinese Language Day之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式。故填
encouraging。
52.sixth【解析】考查数词。句意:谷雨是传统农历24节气中的第6个节气,是农民开始播种的日子。结
合句意表达“第六”应用序数词sixth。故填sixth。
53.who【解析】考查定语从句。句意:每年他们都会庆祝谷雨,以纪念那个被认为创造汉字的人:仓颉。
空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词Cang Jie指人,关系词代替先行词Cang Jie在从句中作主语,应用关
系代词who。故填who。
54.was allowed【解析】考查时态和语态。句意:1946年,汉语被允许作为联合国的官方语言。空处为句
子谓语,主语Chinese和谓语动词allow是被动关系,结合时间状语in 1946判断此处用一般过去时的被动
语态,主语不可数,谓语动词用单数。故填was allowed。
55.commonly【解析】考查副词。句意:然而,在早些年,中文在联合国的工作中并不常用。修饰动词
used应用所给词的副词形式作状语。故填commonly。
56.after【解析】考查介词。句意:1971年中华人民共和国在联合国恢复合法权利后,情况有所改善。结
合句意可知,此处指中国在联合国的合法权益恢复后汉语在联合国的使用情况有所改善,因此应用介词
after ((时间)在……后)。故填after。
57.a【解析】考查冠词。句意:1973年,联合国大会将中文列为工作语言。language“语言”是可数名词,
此处表泛指,且修饰词working的发音是辅音音素开头,应用不定冠词a。故填a。
58.exhibitions【解析】考查名词的数。句意:今年的庆祝活动包括中国文化讲座、电影放映、教育小组
讨论和艺术展览。和上文screenings,discussions并列,此处应用名词exhibition的复数形式作宾语。故填
exhibitions。59.to practise【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:活动还提供了练习中国书法、中国风格绘画和演奏中国古
典乐器的机会。opportunity后常用不定式作定语,practise用不定式形式。故填to practise。
60.are learning【解析】考查时态。句意:如今,越来越多的外交官和联合国工作人员正在学习中文,熟
悉中国文化。根据时间状语today和语境可知,此处指目前一段时间正在发生的动作,应用现在进行时,
主语more and more diplomats and UN staff是复数,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are learning。
(五)
Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as 61 exchange student. The
British school day 62 (common) begins around 9 a.m. and 63 (end) around 4 p.m. In year ten,
students usually have to learn nine subjects. The classes are different 64 those in China. Each teacher has
their own classroom and the students move around for every lesson. In most of my classes, there 65 (be)
only about 20 students.
I enjoyed most of the classes, but some of them were quite 66 (challenge). Learning in English was
a great challenge for me. Class discussion is very important in the UK. 67 I could not make a great
contribution because sometimes I wasn’t able to express 68 (I) clearly in English. There were lots of
69 (choice) including bread and butter, chicken pie and puddings in the dining hall and after lunch, I often
played on the school’s huge sports field with Daniel and his friends. After school, there were many clubs to join.
Joining clubs was a great way 70 (meet) British students and make friends with them.
I am glad to have the opportunity to experience this different way of life.
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。作者介绍了自己去年在英国一所中学当交换生的学习和生活经历。
61.an【解析】考查冠词。句意:去年,我有机会作为交换生到英国一所中学学习。student是可数名词单
数,此处表示泛指,应用不定冠词,且exchange是以元音音素开头,故填an。
62.commonly【解析】考查副词。句意:英国人的上学时间通常在上午9点左右开始,下午4点左右结束。
修饰动词begins应用副词形式,故填commonly。
63.ends【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意同上。此处和begins是并列的谓语动词,应用第三人称单数
形式,故填ends。
64.from【解析】考查介词。句意:这些课程和中国的不一样。be different from不同于,固定搭配,故填
from。
65.were【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意:在我的大多数课上,只有大约20名学生。结合文章首句
“Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school”可知,作者去年在英国学习,故此处是描述
过去发生的事情,主语“students”是名词复数,be动词应用were,故填were。66.challenging【解析】考查形容词。句意:大部分课程我都很喜欢,但有些课程很有挑战性。此处应用
形容词作表语,challenging有挑战的,形容词,故填challenging。
67.But【解析】考查连词。句意:但是我不能做出很大的贡献,因为有时我不能用英语清楚地表达自己。
上文“Class discussion is very important in the UK.”提到在英国课堂讨论非常重要,与下文“我不能做出很
大的贡献”之间是转折关系,应用连词but连接,首字母应大写,故填But。
68.myself【解析】考查代词。句意同上。空处是宾语,和主语是同一指代对象,应用反身单词,故填
myself。
69.choices【解析】考查名词复数。句意:餐厅里有很多选择,包括面包和黄油、鸡肉派和布丁。午饭后,
我经常和丹尼尔和他的朋友们在学校巨大的运动场上玩耍。choice是可数名词,由空前的“lots of”可知应
用复数形式,故填choices。
70.to meet【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:加入俱乐部是认识英国学生并与他们交朋友的好方法。此处
应用动词不定式作后置定语,修饰名词way,故填to meet。