ARTICLE · 1045356
动词后只能跟ing的词有哪些?详细讲解试题举例
在英语中,有些动词后面如果跟另一个动词作宾语,必须使用动名词(V-ing)形式,而不能使用不定式(to do)。
为了方便记忆,我们可以把这些词分成几类,并配合口诀和例句来讲解。
一、 核心词汇分类记忆
1. “建议、考虑、承认”类
* suggest (建议)
* advise (建议)
* consider (考虑)
* admit (承认)
* recommend (推荐)
例句:
* He suggested going to the park. (他建议去公园。)
* I consider changing my job. (我在考虑换工作。)
* He admitted making a mistake. (他承认犯了个错。)
2. “喜欢、厌恶、介意”类 (情感类)
* enjoy (享受/喜欢)
* mind (介意)
* fancy (想要/喜欢 - 英式英语常用)
* appreciate (感激/欣赏)
例句:
* I enjoy reading books. (我喜欢读书。)
* Would you mind opening the window? (你介意打开窗户吗?)
* I appreciate your helping me. (我很感激你的帮助。)
3. “停止、放弃、拖延”类
* stop (停止) —— 注意:stop to do是停下来去做另一件事,stop doing是停止正在做的事
* give up (放弃)
* put off (推迟)
* delay (推迟/延误)
* keep / keep on (保持/继续)
例句:
* Please stop talking. (请停止说话。)
* He gave up smoking. (他戒烟了。)
* Don't put off doing your homework. (不要推迟做作业。)
4. “练习、避免、完成”类
* practice (练习)
* avoid (避免)
* finish (完成)
* miss (错过)
例句:
* You should practice speaking English every day. (你应该每天练习说英语。)
* We should avoid wasting time. (我们要避免浪费时间。)
* Have you finished cleaning the room? (你打扫完房间了吗?)
二、 经典记忆口诀
为了应付考试,你可以背这个顺口溜,涵盖了最高频的考点词:
“魅(miss)力(enjoy)无(practice)穷(admit),考(consider)完(finish)再避(avoid)免;”
“不介(mind)意(appreciate),建(suggest)议推(delay/put off)迟,放(give up)弃停(stop)止看(watch)。”
(注:watch/see/hear等感官动词属于“动词+宾语+doing”,表示看到动作正在进行,也常考)
三、 试题举例与解析
例题 1:
The boy enjoys ______ computer games on weekends.
A. play
B. to play
C. playing
D. played
解析:选 C。
enjoy 后面只能接动名词形式。句意:这个男孩喜欢在周末玩电脑游戏。
例题 2:
— Would you mind ______ the window? It's too hot inside.
— Not at all.
A. open
B. opening
C. to open
D. opened
解析:选 B。
mind (介意) 后面接 V-ing。Would you mind doing sth? 是非常客气的请求句型。句意:——你介意打开窗户吗?里面太热了。——一点也不介意。
例题 3:
My father has given up ______. It's good for his health.
A. smoke
B. to smoke
C. smoking
D. smoked
解析:选 C。
give up 是短语动词,up 是介词,介词后面必须接名词或动名词。句意:我爸爸已经戒烟了。这对他的健康有好处。
例题 4 (易错点):
He stopped ______ a rest because he was tired.
A. to have
B. having
C. have
D. had
解析:选 A。
注意陷阱! 虽然 stop 后面可以加 ing,但这里句意是“他停下来(手中的工作),为了去休息”。
* stop to do sth: 停下来去做另一件事(目的)。
* stop doing sth: 停止正在做的事情。
如果选 B,意思就变成了“他停止了休息”,逻辑不通。