ARTICLE · 1128497
小学英语固定搭配100组整理:覆盖日常表达+考试高频考点,基础薄弱也能跟着学
孩子单词都认识，句子却说不出来——卡住的地方很少是单词，是词和词之间那根线没接上。
say 和 tell 都会，但"告诉我"写成 say me；good 和 at 都是学过的词，但"擅长"写不出 be good at。这类问题统称固定搭配，它是小学英语里最容易被忽略、又最影响表达的一块。
下面这 100 组按使用场景整理：8 个日常场景各 10 组，最后 2 类 20 组是考试卷面上的高频搭配。基础薄弱的孩子可以从第一个场景顺着往下走，不用管语法术语。
一、固定搭配不是"多背一组词"，是把词连成句
很多家长把固定搭配当成"额外的词汇量"，其实它不是——它是把已经认识的词连起来用的说明书。下面这两种学法的差别，一学期后就会拉开距离。
背单词表：good 好、at 在、look 看、for 为了
每个词都认识，但说"我擅长游泳"时，四个词在脑子里各站一边，拼不出 I am good at swimming.
考场上认识单词，却填不出空格里该放哪个介词。
背搭配：be good at 擅长、look for 寻找
把"几个词"当成"一个词"存进脑子，用的时候整块取出来，不用现场拼。
考场填空题看到 be good ___ swimming，手会自动写出 at。
一句话说清差别：单词是零件，搭配是装好的模块。孩子表达卡壳，多半不是零件不够，是模块没存过。
二、怎么用这 100 组：3 步学习法
100 组不算多，但一次性全背完一定忘。按下面 3 步走，每组只需 30 秒。
整块读，不拆开。读的时候把搭配当成一个整体念出来：a glass of、be good at。不要停下来分析 of 是什么意思、at 为什么用在这里——这一阶段的目标是"存模块"，不是"讲语法"。
读例句，不看翻译。先读英文例句，猜出意思后再看中文翻译验证。这一步是在建立"搭配 → 场景"的直连，比背中文释义有效得多。
换个主语再说一遍。例句是 I get up at six，让孩子换成 She gets up at six 再说一次。这一步同时练了两件事：搭配记牢了，第三人称单数也顺带练了。
基础薄弱的孩子怎么起步：不用按顺序从第一组背到第一百组。每天只挑与今天生活真正发生的事相关的那一组——今天早起就背 get up，今天去超市就背 how much。场景对上，记忆效率翻倍。
三、日常生活场景 · 早晨与起床（第 1–10 组）
这一组是每天早上都会发生的事，最适合"边做边说"——早上起床时把动作和英文对上，三遍就能记住。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| get up | I get up at six every morning. | ||
| wake up | My sister wakes up early. | ||
| get dressed | I get dressed quickly. | ||
| put on | Put on your coat. | ||
| take off | Take off your shoes. | ||
| brush my teeth | I brush my teeth twice a day. | ||
| wash my face | He washes his face with cold water. | ||
| have breakfast | We have breakfast at seven. | ||
| go to bed | She goes to bed at nine. | ||
| have a good sleep | Did you have a good sleep? |
易错：put on 和 take off 是"动作"，wear 是"状态"。Put on your coat 是"穿上外套"这个动作；He wears a coat 是"他穿着外套"。考题常在这个区别上设坑。
四、日常生活场景 · 吃饭与饮食（第 11–20 组）
这一组的高频点是量词搭配——a glass of、a piece of 这类。它们数量不多，但每天都要用，而且考卷上填空题出现频率极高。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| a glass of | He drinks a glass of water. | ||
| a cup of | Mum has a cup of tea. | ||
| a bottle of | She buys a bottle of juice. | ||
| a piece of | Have a piece of cake. | ||
| a bowl of | I eat a bowl of rice. | ||
| would like | I would like some milk. | ||
| help yourself | Help yourself to the fish. | ||
| be hungry | Are you hungry? | ||
| be full | I am full. Thank you. | ||
| eat out | We eat out on Sundays. |
易错：a glass of 接水、果汁这类"杯装的冷饮"；a cup of 接茶、咖啡这类"热饮"。写成 a cup of water 在小学阶段会被判错。量词后面的名词如果是不可数，不加 s。
五、日常生活场景 · 上学与放学（第 21–30 组）
这一组里的交通方式搭配，是小学阶段考试出现次数最多的一批。特点是考点集中、考法固定，背下来直接得分。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| go to school | I go to school at seven. | ||
| be late for | Don't be late for school. | ||
| wait for | I wait for the bus at the stop. | ||
| get on | Let's get on the bus. | ||
| get off | Get off at the second stop. | ||
| take a bus | She takes a bus to school. | ||
| by bike | He goes to school by bike. | ||
| on foot | I go home on foot. | ||
| hurry up | Hurry up, or we'll be late. | ||
| say goodbye to | She says goodbye to her mum. |
易错（考卷高频）：by + 交通工具，中间不加 a 或 the——by bus、by bike、by car 都对，写成 by a bus 判错。而"步行"是 on foot，字母 f 后面不加 s，也不是 by foot。
六、日常生活场景 · 课堂与学习（第 31–40 组）
这一组是课堂上老师每天说的指令语，听懂它们比背下来更重要——孩子在课上能听懂，就等于每天免费复习三遍。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| listen to | Listen to the teacher carefully. | ||
| look at | Look at the blackboard. | ||
| hand in | Hand in your homework. | ||
| do my homework | I do my homework after school. | ||
| take notes | We take notes in class. | ||
| put up my hand | Put up your hand if you know. | ||
| be good at | She is good at English. | ||
| be interested in | He is interested in science. | ||
| ask for help | You can ask me for help. | ||
| have a try | Let me have a try. |
一个动词三种接法：be good at 接"事情"（be good at maths）、be good for 接"对身体有益的东西"（be good for you）、be good with 接"人"（be good with children）。三个都学过，一考就混——把它们排在一起记，比单独记牢得多。
七、日常生活场景 · 在家与家务（第 41–50 组）
这一组最适合"任务式记忆"：让孩子做家务时嘴上念出对应的搭配，动作和词绑在一起，用过一次就不会忘。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| clean the room | I clean my room on Saturdays. | ||
| make the bed | Make your bed every morning. | ||
| do the dishes | He does the dishes after dinner. | ||
| take out the rubbish | Please take out the rubbish. | ||
| look after | I look after my little brother. | ||
| help with | I help my mum with the housework. | ||
| be busy with | Dad is busy with his work. | ||
| turn on | Turn on the light, please. | ||
| turn off | Turn off the TV, please. | ||
| put away | Put away your toys, please. |
易错：look after 等于 take care of，两个都表示"照顾"，但搭配完全不同——after 后面直接接人，of 不能丢。写成 look after of 是最常见的拼凑式错误。
八、日常生活场景 · 玩耍与运动（第 51–60 组）
这一组的孩子接受度最高，因为都跟玩有关。可以当成写作素材直接用——写"我的周末"这类作文，这里至少能用上 4 组。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| play with | I play with my friends after school. | ||
| play football | They play football on the playground. | ||
| go swimming | We go swimming in summer. | ||
| take part in | I take part in the race. | ||
| have fun | They have fun in the park. | ||
| have a good time | We had a good time yesterday. | ||
| be good for | Running is good for you. | ||
| take a rest | Let's take a rest. | ||
| cheer for | We cheer for our team. | ||
| be tired of | I am tired of this game. |
球类前不加 the：play football、play basketball、play ping-pong 都不加 the；但乐器要加——play the piano、play the violin。这一条考卷上出现率极高，且是"送分题"，记牢就是白得的分。
九、日常生活场景 · 出行与购物（第 61–70 组）
这一组里 how much 和 a pair of 是考卷上的常客。尤其是 how much 后面接不可数名词、how many 后面接可数名词复数，这一条是五年级的必考点。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| go shopping | Mum goes shopping on Sundays. | ||
| how much | How much is this book? | ||
| try on | Can I try on this coat? | ||
| a pair of | I want a pair of shoes. | ||
| look for | I am looking for my pen. | ||
| take a taxi | Let's take a taxi to the station. | ||
| go for a walk | We go for a walk after dinner. | ||
| get to | How can I get to the park? | ||
| on the left | The shop is on the left. | ||
| be on sale | These books are on sale today. |
易错：a pair of 后面接"成双的东西"——a pair of shoes、a pair of glasses、a pair of trousers。数量变化时变前面的 pair：two pairs of shoes，shoe 不加 s 只加 pair 加 s。
十、日常生活场景 · 情绪与感受（第 71–80 组）
这一组全是 be + 形容词 + 介词的结构，是小学英语里最"整齐"的一批搭配——记住介词就够了。它们也是完形填空和阅读理解里出现频率最高的一类。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| be happy with | Dad is happy with my work. | ||
| be afraid of | She is afraid of dogs. | ||
| be angry with | Don't be angry with me. | ||
| be proud of | I am proud of you. | ||
| be worried about | Mum is worried about me. | ||
| be sorry for | I am sorry for being late. | ||
| be surprised at | I am surprised at the news. | ||
| be kind to | Be kind to others. | ||
| be ready for | Are you ready for the test? | ||
| feel like | I feel like some soup. |
"生气"的对象决定介词：be angry with 接人（be angry with me），be angry at 接事（be angry at the noise）。孩子背了 be angry with 之后，遇到 be angry ___ what he said 就写不出 at——这正是考卷上设的坑。
十一、考试高频 · 介词类固定搭配（第 81–90 组）
从这一组开始是专为考卷准备的。它们不属于某个生活场景，但填空题、选择题里出现率极高，属于"不考虑语境、见到就填"的类型。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| at home | He stays at home on rainy days. | ||
| at school | I have lunch at school. | ||
| at night | I read books at night. | ||
| in the morning | I run in the morning. | ||
| on time | Please come here on time. | ||
| in English | Say it in English, please. | ||
| at last | At last, we won the game. | ||
| in a hurry | He left in a hurry. | ||
| at once | Do your homework at once. | ||
| for example | I like fruit, for example, apples. |
三个"时间"别混：at night（在晚上，泛指）、in the morning / in the afternoon / in the evening（有 the，配 in）、on Sunday morning（具体某天早上用 on）。写 in Sunday morning 是五年级最常见的丢分点。
十二、考试高频 · 句型固定结构（第 91–100 组）
最后 10 组是"句型级"的搭配——它们不只是几个词，而是整句话的骨架。作文里能直接搬，选择题里常考它们的后半截接什么。
| 搭配 | 中文 | 例句 | 例句翻译 |
|---|---|---|---|
| be going to | I am going to visit my grandma. | ||
| would like to | I would like to go with you. | ||
| want to | She wants to be a doctor. | ||
| how about | How about going swimming? | ||
| would you like | Would you like some tea? | ||
| thank you for | Thank you for your help. | ||
| let's | Let's go home together. | ||
| not at all | I don't like it at all. | ||
| as soon as | I'll call you as soon as I get there. | ||
| so that | I got up early so that I could catch the bus. |
how about 和 thank you for 后面接什么：两个后面都接动词 -ing 形式——How about going...? / Thank you for helping me. 写成 How about go 或 Thank you for help me 都是错误。这一条考题出现率极高，且是"背了就能对"的类型。
十三、4 个最容易记错的搭配
下面这 4 组不是"没背过"，而是"背过之后容易用错"。它们的共同点是：中文意思差不多，但英文搭配必须分开。考试专门考这一类。
say 和 tell：告诉我 ≠ say me
✕ He said me the news.
✓ He told me the news. / He said the news to me.
tell 后面直接接"人"（tell me / tell him）；say 后面接"说的话"，要提到人必须加 to。say me 是拼凑式错误，小学高年级和初中都会考。
borrow 和 lend：借进来 ≠ 借出去
✕ Can you borrow me your pen?
✓ Can you lend me your pen? / Can I borrow your pen?
borrow 是"往里借"（我借进来），lend 是"往外借"（我借出去）。方向搞反，整句话意思就变了。记法：borrow 里有个"b"，往自己这边搬；lend 里有个"l"，往外送。
look for 和 find：找 ≠ 找到
✕ I am finding my pen.（想说"我在找"）
✓ I am looking for my pen. / I found my pen.
look for 强调"找"这个动作，find 强调"找到"这个结果。还在找就不能用 find；已经找到了才有 find。中文都叫"找"，英文分两半——这是完形填空最爱设的坑。
take 和 bring：带去 ≠ 带来
✕ Please bring the book to school tomorrow.（从家带去学校时说反了）
✓ Please take the book to school. / Bring your book here.
判断标准是"朝哪个方向"：远离说话人用 take，朝说话人来用 bring。而 fetch 是"去取了再拿回来"。这一组和上面三组常出现在同一份试卷的完形填空里。
十四、7 天过关训练计划
100 组按每天 15 分钟分配，7 天走完一轮。每一天都给了检验标准，达不到就不要往下走——这是这套计划唯一的要求。
第 1 天 · 早晨与吃饭（20 组）。第 1–20 组，先整块读 3 遍，再读例句。检验标准：家长说中文"起床""一杯水""吃一块蛋糕"，孩子能立刻说出 get up / a glass of water / a piece of cake。
第 2 天 · 上学与课堂（20 组）。第 21–40 组，重点抓 by bike / on foot / be good at。检验标准：能说出 3 种去上学的方式（by bus / by bike / on foot），并能用 be good at 说自己擅长的一件事。
第 3 天 · 家务与玩耍（20 组）。第 41–60 组，边做家务边念搭配。检验标准：做完一件家务后能用英文说出自己在做什么，比如 I am cleaning my room.
第 4 天 · 出行购物与情绪（20 组）。第 61–80 组，重点抓 be + 形容词 + 介词这一整批。检验标准：说 5 个"be + 形容词 + 介词"的搭配并各造一句（be proud of / be afraid of / be ready for / be angry with / be worried about）。
第 5 天 · 考试高频 20 组。第 81–100 组，全部是考卷型搭配，必须默写。检验标准：家长报中文，孩子写出英文搭配，20 组里错不超过 3 组。
第 6 天 · 4 大易错专项。只看第十三节的 4 张坑卡，每一组各造 2 个句子（1 个正确、1 个故意写错再改回来）。检验标准：能说清 say / tell、borrow / lend、look for / find、take / bring 各组的区别，且能举例。
第 7 天 · 综合自测。把 100 组表格全部遮住中文，只看英文搭配说出中文；再遮住英文，只看中文写出搭配。两轮都过，这一轮才算走完。检验标准：两轮各自正确率都在 85% 以上。
家长红线：不要在第 1 天就要求孩子把 100 组全背下来。这套计划的设计是"每天 20 组 + 检验"，一旦跳步，孩子会变成"认得但用不出"，比不背更糟。
写在最后
固定搭配有一个特点：它不像语法那样能"讲明白"，只能一组一组存进去。但也正因为这样，它是最不容易忘记的一块——一旦存成模块，用的时候是整块出来，不需要现场推理。
这 100 组按场景排好了顺序。孩子今天从哪一组开始都不重要，重要的是每天真的用上一次——早上起床说出 get up，晚上收拾玩具说出 put away。搭配只有跟真实的事绑在一起，才会从"背过"变成"会说"。
基础薄弱不可怕，可怕的是把"单词都认识"当成"英语学好了"。
100 组搭配走完一轮，孩子的表达会先从"蹦单词"变成"说整句"。