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重难点 09 固定搭配
随着高考命题由知识型向能力型的转化，对英语常用动词搭配（包括短语动词）的考查方
式也日趋灵活多样。因此复习备考时针对动词搭配这一考点要活跃思维，提高解题能力。
熟练掌握固定搭配结构，熟背固定句型是得满分的必备要求。
句式1：It /This / That is /was the first /second /... time that...
考法1 该句型表示 “这/那是第一二次……”, 从句常用完成时。当主句为一般现在时或
一般将来时，从句用现在完成时；当主句为一般过去时，从句用过去完成时。
考法2
①、It is( about high) time that... 意为“到某人做…的时候了”，从句谓语用过去式(be动
词用were)或“ should+动词原形”。
②、It is time( for sb...)to do 是(某人)做…的时候了。
③、the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句。
④、for the first time 意为“第一次”，在句中单独作状语。
经典例句
●The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power，it was
the first time in a year and a half that I'd seen the night face to face...
漆黑的夜晚,风雨交加,电闪雷鸣,我全然被这种力量镇住了;这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜
晚…
● And this is the first time I've visited your hometown. 这是我第一次去你的家乡。
句式2、“make+it+adj.+( for sb./sth.) to do sth."结构
考法1 在该结构中, it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式结构，it后的形容词为
宾语补足语，for用于引出不定式的逻辑主语。
考法2①、能用于上述结构的动词还有 consider, think, find, believe, feel, judge等。
②、该结构中的宾语补足语除了可以用形容词外，还可以用名词(词组)。
③、真正的宾语除了可以用不定式结构之外，还可以用that引导的从句。
经典例句
●Does this disability make it difficult for them to do some things?
这种残疾会不会使他们在做一些事情时有困难呢?
●He made it clear that he wanted me to stay for another week. 他清楚地表示他希望我能再
待一周。
句式 3 not all...部分否定
考法 not all...表示部分否定。具有全体意义的代词或副词both, every, everyone, everywhere,
everybody, everything, always, entirely, completely, wholly, altogether等，可与not连用构成部
分否定。
经典例句
●Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor are they comfortable in the same way with
touching or distance between people.
各种文化背景下人们互致问候的方式不尽相同，对身体接触和相互间距离感到舒服自在的
程度也并不一样。
句式 4 ever since句型
考法1 ever since意为“从……以后一直”，主句要用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。具
有类似用法的时间状语还有 so far, up till now, by now, recently, lately, since last month,
"in/for/during/ over the past/last+一段时间”，since...ago等。
考法2 It is/ has been-+时间段+ since...自从…...已经多久了。It will be//was+时间段+
before...再有多长时间才…... ，在“It is/ has been+时间段+ since...”句型中,若 since从句中
的谓语动词用的是延续性动词的过去式,句子意思要发生变化，表示该动作结束有多长时间
了。
经典例句
●Ever since middle school, my sister Wang Wei and I have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.
从中学起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直梦想进行一次伟大的自行车旅行。
●Greece's best writers lived in ancient Athens. Their work has influenced other writers ever since.
希腊最著名的作家们生活在古代的雅典。他们的作品影响了后世的作家。
●It was exactly five years since her father had died. 从她父亲去世到现在正好满五年。●It is a long time since he studied English. 他不学英语好长时间了。
句式 5 too+adj./adv.+ to do sth. 太…而不能做某事
考法1 too在此意为“太; 过于; 过度”, 该句式具有否定意义, 可以转换为“not+adj./adv.
+ enough to do sth.”或“so+adj./adv.+that...not...”句式。
考法2 并不是只要出现“too+adj./adv.+ to do sth.”结构, 句子就表示否定意义。
①、too前面有否定词 never或can't时, 表示强烈的肯定意义。
②、too相当于very, 表示“很; 非常”, 修饰kind, ready, willing, eager, anxious, satisfied,
happy, glad等表示态度、心情的形容词时, 表示肯定意义。
③、too前面有all, only, but修饰时, all too/ only too/ but too意为“很; 极; 非常…(到令人
遗憾的地步)”, 表示肯定意义。
经典例句
●I'm too busy enjoying my life now to worry about the future! 我现在忙于享受生活, 无暇担
心将来!
● Nothing is too small to celebrate. 即使是小事也值得庆祝。
●It' s never too old to learn. 活到老学到老。
●You cannot be too careful to cross the street. 你过马路时越小心越好。
●He is too willing to follow others' advice. 他非常愿意接受别人的建议。
●They are all too satisfied to do this work. 他们都很乐意去做这项工作。
●That' s only too true. 那千真万确。
● It was but too true. 很遗憾, 那是真实的。
句式 6 It was a time when...
考法 It /This /That / There was a time when... 意为“曾经/一度/那时……”, when在此句型
中引导定语从句。
经典例句
●It was a time when the killer whales, or "killers"as they were then called, helped the whalers
catch the baleen whales that were on their annual migration.
那个时期, 虎鲸(当时被称为“杀手”)帮助捕鲸人在每年须鲸迁徙时捕捉须鲸。
● It was a time when anything seemed possible. 那是一个看似任何事都可能发生的时代。
句式 7 祈使句+and/or/ otherwise+陈述句考法 “祈使句+and/or/ otherwise+陈述句”为常见句型, 其中祈使句相当于一个if引导的条
件状语从句, and之后的句子相当于主句, 所以用一般将来时。如果祈使句与陈述句之间为
顺承关系(表示一个肯定条件), 则用连词and连接; 如果它们之间是转折关系(表示一个否定
条件), 则用连词or或 otherwise连接。在该句型中,祈使句有时也可换成名词短语。
经典例句
●Get up early, and you'll catch the early bus. =If you get up early, you'll catch the early bus.
早点起床, 你将会赶上早班车。
●Get up early, or you'll miss the early bus. =If you don't get up early, you'll miss the early bus.
早点起床, 否则你会错过早班车。
句式 8 be supposed to do sth.结构
考法1 当“ be supposed to.”的主语为人时, 意为“应该……”或“被期望”, 它可以用来
表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等, 相当于情态动词 should.。
考法2 当“ be supposed to..”的主语为物时, 它表示“本应; 本该”, 用于表示“某事应该
发生而没有发生”。
考法3 be supposed to have done sth. 理应做过某事(但可能没有做)(含有虚拟含义)
suppose sb./sth.to be... 认为某人/某物是…
It is supposed that... 人们认为…
be supposed to be... 被认为/料想是…
经典例句
●We' re supposed to check out of the hotel by11o' clock. 我们应该在11点之前从酒店退房。
●The college years are supposed to be a time for important growth in autonomy and the
development of adult identity.
大学时期应当是自主性和成人身份认同的重要成长期。
●Jack is supposed to have finished his work now. 杰克现在应当已经完成工作了。
句式 9 be doing..when...正在做…这时…
考法1 在此句型中, when意为“这时”, 相当于 and then。
考法2 when意为“就在这时; 恰恰在这时”时, 还常用在下列句型中:
be about to do... when... 正打算做…..这时…...
be just going to do... when... 正要做……这时…...
had just done...when... 刚做了……这时…...be on the point of doing...when... 正要做…...这时…...
经典例句
●He was walking to school the other day when he let a bicycle run right into him.
前些天他正步行去上学,突然有辆自行车迎面撞上了他。
●I was about to go out when someone knocked at the door. 我刚想出门,这时有人敲门。
●I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once.
我刚到办公室,我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
●The thief was on the point of putting his hand into the lady's handbag when the bus suddenly
stopped.
小偷正要把手伸进那位女士的手提袋中, 这时公共汽车突然停了。
句式 10 so that引导的从句
考法 1 so that意为“以致;结果”, 引导结果状语从句。
考法2 so that也可表示“以便; 为了”, 引导目的状语从句。
考法3 so that引导结果状语从句与目的状语从句的区别
so that引导目的状语从句时, 从句中常含有情态动词may/might, can/ could, should, would
等, 可与 in order that换用; 而引导结果状语从句时, 从句中一般不用can和may等词。
经典例句
●She worked hard so that (in order that everything would be ready in time.
她努力工作,为的是及时作好各项准备。(目的状语从句)
●He worked hard at his lessons, so that he gained high grades in the exams.
他努力学习,结果考试获得了好成绩。(结果状语从句)
句式 11 as...as...引导比较状语从句
考法
①、as...as...结构中, 第一个as为副词, 第二个as为连词, 引导比较状语从句, 从句常用省
略形式; 第二个as也可作介词, 后接名词或代词。
②、同级比较的否定形式为 not so//as.as
③、可修饰倍数、百分数、分数等, 如 twice, three times ,half, a quarter等, 被修饰成分须置
于第一个as之前。当as...as...中间有名词时, 其结构为:“as+adj.+a/an+n (可数名词单数)+as”或“as+adj.+n.(可数
名词复数或不可
数名词)+as”。
经典例句
●This film is as interesting as that one. 这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
●I haven't known him as long as you (have known him). 我认识他的时间没有你长。
●This dictionary is not so useful as you think. 这本词典不如你想的那样有用。
●Your bag is twice as expensive as mine. 你的包比我的贵一倍。
句式 12 so... that...句型
考法1 so... that...意为“如此……以至于…, that引导结果状语从句, 其结构为:
①、so+ adj. /adv. + that...
②、so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+ that...
③、so+many/few+可数名词复数+ that...
④、so+much/ little((少)+不可数名词+that...
考法2 such... that...也引导结果状语从句, 其结构为:
①、such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that...
②、such+adj.+可数名词复数+that...
③、such+adj.+不可数名词+that...
当 so.../such...位于句首时, 句子要部分倒装。
经典句型
●And my memory became so large that even I couldn't believe it!
我的记忆量变得如此巨大,甚至连我自己都无法相信!
●Who hasn't received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day?
谁没有收到过如此恼人以至于毁掉了一整天的邮件呢?
●Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned about the multiplied nutria that they decided to pay
hunters $5 a tail. =So concerned about the multiplied nutria were scientists in Louisiana that they
decided to pay hunters$5 a tail.
路易斯安那州的科学家们如此担心海狸鼠泛滥, 以至于他们决定按照一条海狸鼠尾巴5美
元付给猎人们。●It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.=It was such a hot day that nobody
wanted to do anything.
天气如此热, 谁也不想干任何事。
●I made so many mistakes in the composition that the teacher criticized me.= So many mistakes
did I make in the composition that the teacher criticized me.
我在作文中犯了许多错误,老师批评了我。
句式 13 “of + n."结构
考法
①、“of+n.”结构中的名词是抽象名词时, 相当于该名词所对应的形容词的意思, 说明被修
饰词具有某种特征或属性, 在句中可作表语、定语或宾语补足语。具有该用法的名词有:
use, importance, help, value, interest, benefit等。这些名词前可用great, no, little, some, any, not
much等修饰, 以表示不同程度。
②、“of+n.”结构中的名词表种类、数量、度量等时, 表示不同的人或物的共同特征,此时
名词前通常有冠词。常用的这类名词size, type, kind, price, height, depth, length, weight, age,
shape, color等。
③、“of+n.”结构还可以表示人的特点、特性, 常用的有“of+ wealth/ education/ courage/
achievement/ ability”等。
经典句型
● These two rooms are of the same size. 这两间房一样大
●Your sister is a girl of wisdom. 你妹妹是一个有智慧的女孩
句式14 only if句型
考法1 only if引导的条件状语从句, 是一个对“条件”限制更严的“限制性条件状语从
句”，表示“只有…(才);只有在…...的时候; 唯一的条件是…” 的意思；与if引导的一般
条件句相比，它有一种增强主句语势的作用
考法2 【拓展】 if only：意为“要是……该多好；但愿”，常用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾。
它可以独立使用，表示由于客观条件限制，为某事不大可能或完全不可能实现而感到惋惜
或遗憾的复杂心情，常用虚拟语气：表示与过去相反的愿望，从句谓语用had done；表示
与现在相反的愿望，从句谓语用did(be动词用were)；表示与将来相反的愿望，从句谓语用
“ would/ could/might+动词原形”。
经典例句
●Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在那里时，天空中其他行星的运转才能说得通。●If only you had not told Tom what I said, everything would have been all right.
要是你没有把我的话告诉汤姆就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了。
句式15 “find+sb./sth.+宾语补足语”复合结构
考法
①、 find+sb./sth. Doing 发现某人/某物在做(表主动)
②、find sb./sth.done 发现某人/某物被……(表被动)
③、find oneself in//at... 发觉自己在/处于…...
经典句型
●Well, toward nightfall I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind.
哎,傍晚时分，我发现自己被一阵大风刮到了大海上。
●I think you'll find more women entering the film business now.
我想你会发现现在有更多的女性进入到电影业。
句式 16 as though/if引导的从句
考法
①、as though/if意为“好像”，引导表语从句和方式状语从句。
②、as though/if引导的表语从句和方式状语从句使用虚拟语气时，若表示与现在事实相反
的假设，从句谓语用过去时；若表示与过去事实相反的假设，从句谓语用过去完成时；若
表示与将来事实相反的假设，从句谓语用“ would/ could//might++动词原形”。
③、如果 as though/if引导的从句所表示的内容与事实相符,则使用陈述语气。
④、as though/if引导的从句可用省略形式，后面直接跟名词、不定式、形容词、介词短语
或分词。
经典例句
●The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
这个国家处处都有樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。
● It sounds as though you had a good time. 听起来你好像过得挺愉快。
●As if unsure of where she was, she hesitated and looked around.
她仿佛茫然不知身在何处,犹犹豫豫向四周打量。
●It seemed as if the end of the world had come. 似乎世界末日来临了一样。
句式 17 Nothing could be better... 表示最高级含义考法1 此句表示“没有比这更好的了(这是最好的了)”，为否定词和比较级连用，表达最高
级的含义。常用的否定词有no，not, never, nothing, nobody, hardly等。
考法2 比较级表最高级含义的多种表达方式:
比较级 + than +all the other+名词复数
比较级 + than +the other+名词复数
比较级 + than + any other+名词单数
比较级 + than +any of the other+名词复数
比较级 + than +anything/anyone else
经典句型
●He had never felt less like talking to anyone.
他从未如此不想和任何人谈话。
●Ican' t agree with you more..我完全同意你的意见。
●.---Did you sleep well last night? ---Never better, like a rock.
你昨晚睡得好吗? 从来没这么好过,睡得很沉。
句式18 by the time.+从句
考法1 “ by the time++从句”意为“当……的时候”，只是说过去某个时候的状况主句常
用一般过去时,而不用完成时。
考法2 by the time引导时间状语从句，意为“到……时候为止”。
①、如果从句用一般过去时，主句常用过去完成时、表示截止到
从句动作发生时,主句动作已经完成，即“过去的过去”
②、如果从句用一般现在时或现在完成时(表将来)，主句常用现在完成时或将来完成时，
表示截止到将来某一时间为止，主句动作将已经完成。
考法3 “by+时间状语”，主句也应用相应的完成
经典例句
●He was out of breath by the time he reached the top. 登上峰顶时,他气喘吁吁。
●By the time he was fourteen years old, Einstein had learned advanced mathematics all by
himself.
到14岁的时候,爱因斯坦就已经自学完了高等数学。
●By the time you get back, I shall have finished the work.到你回来时,我将已经把工作都做完了。
句式19 what if句型
考法1 what if意为“如果…将会怎样；即使……又有什么关系”，为省略结构，相当于
What shall we// I do if...? what if中what可看作 what should sb.do(某人该怎么办)或 what
does it matter(有什么要紧)或 what would happen(将会如何)的省略。
考法2 【拓展】
①、 What for? 为什么? (相当于 For what purpose）?
② 、So what? 那有什么了不起/有什么关系?
③、What/ How about..?…… 怎么样?
④、Guess what! 猜猜看!
⑤、What's up? 怎么了?(相当于What' s the matter?)
⑥、How come...? 怎么会……?
经典例句
● What if it isn't a real opportunity? 假如它不是一个真正的机会，将会怎么样?
●I try to figure to myself what if I hadn't seen the other car coming on the wrong side of the road.
我在设想，如果我没有看到另一辆汽车从错误的车道开过来的话，会发生什么。
●So how come you got an invitation and not me? 所以为什么你收到了邀请而我没有?
句式 20 wish后的宾语从句
考法 wish后接宾语从句，意为“但愿……；希望……”，往往指与事实相反或表示不太
可能实现的愿望，从句常用虚拟语气：表示与现在事实相反的愿望，从句谓语常用一般过
去时，be动词用were；表示与过去事实相反的愿望，从句谓语常用过去完成时；表示与将
来事实相反的愿望，从句谓语用“ could/ would+动词原形”。
经典例句
● I wish I had not created this creature; I wish I were on the other side of the world; I wish I
could disappear.
但愿我没有制造出这个家伙；但愿我身处世界的另一边；但愿我可以消失得无影无踪! (第
一个wish后的从句表示与过去事实相反的愿望；第二个wish后的从句表示与现在事实相
反的愿望；第三个wish后的从句表示与将来事实相反的愿望。)
● Sometimes I wish I could phone him and ask for his opinion!
有时我真希望能跟他打电话征求他的意见! (与将来事实相反)11..动动词词短短语语
22.介 .介词词短短语语
33.固 .固定定句句型型
真题链接
（限时30分钟）
1.（2021高考全国甲卷改错) Who will you go in times of trouble?
2.(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)Orange trees are more______ decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune
and wealth.
3.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)The artist was finally humbled(谦卑)by the greatest artist
________earth,Mother Nature.
4.(2020·江苏高考)This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then
goes for_______(what).
5.(2020·浙江高考)Some time after 10,000 BC,people made the first real attempt to control the
world they lived ________，through agriculture.
6.(2019·浙江高考)The answer ________this question is not clear.
7.(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)In their cages the monkeys were provided ________touch screens.
8.(2018·全国卷Ⅲ) Wang Shu,a 49-year old Chinese architect, won the 2012 Pritzker
Architecture Prize-- which is often referred______as the Nobel Prize in architecture-on February
28.
9. (2018·北京高考)-Good morning,Mr Lee's office.
-Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment_____ next Wednesday afternoon.
10.(2018·天津高考)The people in the hall seemed very nosy(爱窥探的),keeping their eyes on me
________curiosity.
10. (2018·江苏高考)Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which
calls________ a clear road map and timetable.
11. (2020·山东高考)Museums must compete __________ people's spare time and money with
other amusements.12.(2018·江苏高考)There are solutions that could light a path _______a more sustainable and fair
farm economy, but farmers can't clumsily put them together be
fore us.
13.(2020·全国卷I改错)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned off the stove,I waited
patiently unless the oil was hot.
14. (2020·全国卷Ⅱ改错)I'm glad to know that you've come China to learn kung fu in a school
in my hometown.
15.(2018全国卷III )They arrive at the class at low spirits and they leave with a smile.
重点练
（限时30分钟）
1. Your goals are likely to have the biggest impact _______how you allocate(分配)your savings.
2.Critics say the IB program is not suitable _______every student, or every community.
3.In the fight________the COVID-19 epidemic, many exemplary ind individuals appeared.
4.These competitors are expected to push their own boundaries and set sights _______world
levels.
5.They are vulnerable(脆弱的)___________the disease.
6.Beyond the light you're exposing yourself_______, there's also the simple truth that it's easy to
get caught up in what you're reading or watching.
7. But according to sleep doctors, it's a smart idea to_______least give it a try.
8.Even if it takes a few tries to overcome failure and get it right, it's worth it to create something
brilliant_______the end.
9. Instead________burning carbs for energy, your body now starts burning stored fat for energy.
10._________a general rule, try eating two to three meals per day.
11 Does everyone know what to do if a fire _________ out?
12. There was no one to _________ to, so I felt very sad and helpless.
13. My friend doesn't know which university to choose; she can't_________ up her mind about
her future.
14. You said you were looking after your sister. Is that the best excuse that you can ________up
with?
15.I'm going to _______ advantage of this tour to explore the his tory of the castle.
16.The thing that is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not________.
17.To everybody's surprise, the fashionable young lady _______ out to be a thief.
18. Ling Feng won the first prize in the national English competition and I'm glad that her efforts
at last ________ off.
19.He has been fired and will have to_______ over his respon sibility tomorrow.
20. The old houses are being pulled down to ________room for a new office block.
21.Let's learn to use the problem we are facing_______a stepping-stone to future success.22. Parents need to encourage kids to develop their potential ________putting too much pressure
on them.
23. Star skater Wu Dajing won China's first gold medal at the 2018 PyeongChang Olympic Winter
Games _______breaking world record in short track men's 500m.
24. Just hang the towel _______the back of the chair so that it will dry soon.
25.Although the price has gone up by 5%,it's still
the limit set by the government.
26. In the deaf culture of North America, many listeners show applause not by clapping their
hands but by waving them_______the air.
27.Although some people played jokes _______the answers,it didn't take long before they began
to figure out the true meanings of happiness.
28.With so few specimens of panda bears left ________ the world.
29.Chinese calligraphy is an art of _________(turn) Chinese characters into images through
pressure and speed variations of the pointed Chinese brush.
30.It is seen _________ the walls of offices, shops, hotels, and houses everywhere.
