本资料精选2021—2026年高考英语全国卷、新高考卷及浙江卷阅读B篇共二十七篇，逐篇提炼四大核心内容：高频高级词、熟词生义、同义替换、句式解析。词汇部分标注音标与释义，熟词生义聚焦常见词在语境中的特殊含义，同义替换梳理题目与原文的对应表达，句式部分精选三个典型长难句，附语法分析与译文。全书按年份与卷别编排，保留原篇标题，题材涵盖成长感悟、文化遗产、教育教学、健康饮食、动物行为、生态保护、科技发展、社会变迁等丰富话题，是提升阅读速度、积累写作句式、攻克长难句的实用精读材料。文末点击阅读原文可下载此文word版。

（一）2026年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

novel /ˈnɒvl/ n. 小说respond /rɪˈspɒnd/ v. 回答screen time 屏幕时间pointedly /ˈpɔɪntɪdli/ adv. 直截了当地dictionary /ˈdɪkʃənri/ n. 词典sigh /saɪ/ v. 叹气dramatically /drəˈmætɪkli/ adv. 夸张地occur to 想到wide-eyed /ˈwaɪd aɪd/ adj. 睁大眼睛的definitely /ˈdefɪnətli/ adv. 肯定地entry /ˈentri/ n. 词条measure /ˈmeʒə/ v. 衡量progress /ˈprəʊɡres/ n. 进步pack /pæk/ v. 装进suitcase /ˈsuːtkeɪs/ n. 行李箱stolen /ˈstəʊlən/ adj. 被偷的freshman /ˈfreʃmən/ n. 大一学生ultimately /ˈʌltɪmətli/ adv. 最终curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇心appetite /ˈæpɪtaɪt/ n. 欲望，求知欲

熟词生义

novel：常见义“小说”，文中义“新颖的”（原文中为名词，但此词常考形容词义）entry：常见义“进入”，文中义“词条”measure：常见义“测量”，文中义“衡量”appetite：常见义“食欲”，文中义“求知欲”pack：常见义“打包”，文中义“装进”

同义替换

look it up → consult a dictionary（查阅）screen time is off → has used up screen time（屏幕时间用完了）I had my first dictionary as a gift → I received my first dictionary as a present（我收到第一本词典作为礼物）marking every entry → making marks on every word（标记每个词条）the dictionary was stolen → the dictionary was taken away（词典被偷了）it wasn't the dictionary that got me there → the dictionary was not what really helped me（真正让我坚持下来的不是词典）the wanting to know them → the desire to know them（想要了解它们的渴望）curiosity and the appetite → the curiosity and the desire to learn（好奇心与求知欲）

句式解析

It took him a few tries to find the word in question.（It takes sb. some time/tries to do sth. 句型 + in question 后置定语）译文：他试了好几次才找到那个词。

While going through the pages, he kept saying, wide-eyed: "How can there be this many words?"（While + 现在分词作时间状语 + keep doing + wide-eyed 作伴随状语 + 感叹句）译文：翻着书页时，他睁大眼睛不停地说：“怎么会有这么多单词？”

It's not about the words themselves or how we learn them, but the wanting to know them, the curiosity and the appetite.（not about A or B, but C 并列结构 + 动名词作宾语）译文：重要的不是单词本身，也不是我们学习它们的方式，而是那种想要了解它们的渴望、好奇心以及求知欲。

（二）2026年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的pride oneself on 以……为豪original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 最初的architect /ˈɑːkɪtekt/ n. 建筑师locate /ləʊˈkeɪt/ v. 位于make up 构成peaceful /ˈpiːsfl/ adj. 宁静的newly married 新婚的put down roots 扎根afford /əˈfɔːd/ v. 负担得起salary /ˈsæləri/ n. 薪水enthusiasm /ɪnˈθjuːziæzəm/ n. 热情establish /ɪˈstæblɪʃ/ v. 安家signature /ˈsɪɡnətʃə/ adj. 标志性的flat roof 平屋顶wood paneling 木质护墙板concrete floor 混凝土地板custom-made 定制的register /ˈredʒɪstə/ n. 名录steward /ˈstjuːəd/ n. 管家co-found /ˌkəʊ ˈfaʊnd/ v. 联合创办conservancy /kənˈsɜːvənsi/ n. 保护协会preservation /ˌprezəˈveɪʃn/ n. 保护devotion /dɪˈvəʊʃn/ n. 热爱community /kəˈmjuːnəti/ n. 社区

熟词生义

original：常见义“原来的”，文中义“最初的”register：常见义“登记”，文中义“名录”steward：常见义“乘务员”，文中义“管家”make up：常见义“编造”，文中义“构成”put down roots：常见义“放下根”，文中义“扎根”

同义替换

is in remarkable health → is very healthy（身体非常好）the thing he prides himself on → what he is most proud of（他引以为豪的事）just 30 miles north of Manhattan → only 30 miles away from Manhattan（距曼哈顿仅30英里）ready to put down roots → ready to settle down（准备扎根）they were greeted with such enthusiasm → they received such a warm welcome（受到如此热情的欢迎）they decided to join → they made up their minds to become part of it（决定加入）has signature Wright features → has typical Wright characteristics（具有赖特的标志性特征）is listed on the National Register of Historic Places → has been officially recognized as a historic place（被列入国家史迹名录）tried his best to be a good steward → did his best to take good care of it（尽力做好管家）engaged in the preservation → working to protect（致力于保护）

句式解析

"I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me," Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect.（直接引语 + 现在分词作伴随状语 + 省略关系词的定语从句 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：“我是弗兰克·劳埃德·赖特最后一位仍在世的原始客户，至今仍住在他为我设计的房子里，”雷斯利坐在这位著名建筑师设计的明亮开阔的客厅里说道。

On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who'd already established homes there that they decided to join.（such...that 结果状语从句 + who 定语从句）译文：他们第一次外出探访时，就受到了已经在那里安家的10户家庭的热情欢迎，于是他们决定也加入其中。

Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years.（that 宾语从句 + what 表语从句 + 现在完成时）译文：雷斯利认为，正是他对这栋房子和社区的热爱，让他这些年一直保持着良好的健康状况。

（三）2026年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

misconception /ˌmɪskənˈsepʃn/ n. 错误观念battle /ˈbætl/ v. 与……作斗争relevant /ˈreləvənt/ adj. 相关的contextualize /kənˈtekstʃuəlaɪz/ v. 将……置于情境中friction /ˈfrɪkʃn/ n. 摩擦力conduct /kənˈdʌkt/ v. 进行engagement /ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt/ n. 参与度philosophy /fəˈlɒsəfi/ n. 理念energize /ˈenədʒaɪz/ v. 使充满活力instruction /ɪnˈstrʌkʃn/ n. 教学abstract /ˈæbstrækt/ adj. 抽象的play out 发生，体现passion /ˈpæʃn/ n. 热情innovative /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ adj. 创新的sympathetic /ˌsɪmpəˈθetɪk/ adj. 富有同情心的

熟词生义

battle：常见义“战斗”，文中义“与……作斗争”play out：常见义“播放完”，文中义“发生，体现”figure：常见义“数字”，文中义“认为，弄清楚”abstract：常见义“摘要”，文中义“抽象的”charge：常见义“收费”，文中义“lead the charge 引领潮流”

同义替换

battling student misconceptions → fighting against students' wrong ideas（与学生的错误观念作斗争）learning can't be fun → learning cannot be enjoyable（学习不可能有趣）isn't relevant to the real world → has nothing to do with real life（与现实世界无关）much more willing to make connections → far more ready to link them（更愿意建立联系）contextualize concepts with my knowledge → explain concepts using my knowledge（用我的知识来解释概念）build engagement → increase participation（提高参与度）build stronger relationships with them → develop closer bonds with them（与他们建立更牢固的关系）seemed more engaged → appeared more involved（似乎更投入）what started as an experiment → what began as a trial（最初只是实验）energizes my instruction → makes my teaching more lively（让我的教学充满活力）

句式解析

I've discovered that if I show students how what they learn is relevant to my hobbies, they're much more willing to make connections to their personal interests and develop their own hobbies.（that 宾语从句 + if 条件状语从句 + how 宾语从句 + be willing to do + 并列不定式）译文：我发现，如果我向学生展示他们所学的东西与我的爱好有何关联，他们就更愿意将其与自己的个人兴趣联系起来，并培养自己的爱好。

If we're covering friction, for example, I bring different tires into my classroom so that my students can conduct lab experiments with them to see how friction works in real-life applications.（if 条件状语从句 + so that 目的状语从句 + 不定式作目的状语 + how 宾语从句）译文：比如，如果我们在讲摩擦力，我会把不同的轮胎带进教室，这样我的学生们就可以用它们进行实验，看看摩擦力在现实生活中是如何发挥作用的。

When I let them see an aspect of my life outside of school, some students who were also interested in cars connected with me more and became more engaged in my courses.（When 时间状语从句 + let sb. do + who 定语从句 + 并列谓语）译文：当我让他们看到我课外生活的一面时，一些同样对汽车感兴趣的学生与我产生了更多的共鸣，在我的课堂上也变得更加投入。

（四）2025年6月高考英语全国1卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

cowboy /ˈkaʊbɔɪ/ n. 牛仔strict /strɪkt/ adj. 严格的demand /dɪˈmɑːnd/ v. 要求straight A's 全A成绩reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ v. 拆散，拒绝heartbreak /ˈhɑːtbreɪk/ n. 心碎essay /ˈeseɪ/ n. 作文interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ v. 解读thesis /ˈθiːsɪs/ n. 论点shocked /ʃɒkt/ adj. 震惊的necessity /nəˈsesəti/ n. 必要性strike sb as 让某人觉得persuasive /pəˈsweɪsɪv/ adj. 有说服力的assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt/ n. 作业personal-narrative 个人叙事creative-writing 创意写作specification /ˌspesɪfɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 规范genre /ˈʒɒnrə/ n. 体裁staggering /ˈstæɡərɪŋ/ adj. 惊人的diverse /daɪˈvɜːs/ adj. 多样的broaden /ˈbrɔːdn/ v. 拓宽touch one's heart 触动心弦communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 交流significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n. 意义connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接put us in another's skin 让我们设身处地

熟词生义

demand：常见义“要求”，文中义“要求（某人做某事）”strike：常见义“打击”，文中义“strike sb. as 让某人觉得”touch：常见义“触摸”，文中义“触动”skin：常见义“皮肤”，文中义“put us in another's skin 设身处地”took on：常见义“穿上”，文中义“选择”

同义替换

a cowboy who saved his town → a hero who rescued his town（拯救小镇的牛仔）a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A's → a tough father who required his son to get all A's（要求儿子全A的严父）a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak → a present-day Juliet who died of a broken heart（现代版心碎而死的朱丽叶）found myself wondering → realized I was curious（发现自己想知道）filled less than one page → were shorter than one page（不到一页）contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis statement → had a sentence that could be seen as a thesis（包含可被视为论点的句子）the problem was the question itself → the issue was the question itself（问题出在问题本身）writing simply didn't strike them as important → writing just didn't seem important to them（写作对他们来说根本不重要）found the exercise much more interesting → thought the task was far more interesting（觉得练习有趣得多）the results were staggering → the results were amazing（结果令人惊叹）

句式解析

More than once, I found myself wondering just how my students, who'd created these people, knew their subjects so well.（find oneself doing + how 宾语从句 + who 非限制性定语从句）译文：不止一次，我发现自己在想，我的学生们——这些人的创造者——怎么对他们的主题了解得如此之深。

They could have written pages on the necessity of computers, but writing, in and of itself, simply didn't strike them as important.（could have done 虚拟 + but 转折 + in and of itself + strike sb. as）译文：他们本可以就电脑的必要性写上好几页，但写作本身，根本没有让他们觉得重要。

When the final bell rang in June, I walked away with a yearbook full of messages about writing's most powerful significance—the ability to connect people, to put us in another's skin, to teach us what it means to be human.（When 时间状语从句 + with 复合结构 + 破折号同位语 + 三个并列不定式 + what 宾语从句）译文：当六月的最后一声铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的毕业纪念册离开，那些留言关于写作最强大的意义——连接人们的能力，让我们设身处地地理解他人，教我们做人的意义。

（五）2025年6月高考英语全国2卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

patient /ˈpeɪʃnt/ n. 患者procedure /prəˈsiːdʒə/ n. 医疗程序component /kəmˈpəʊnənt/ n. 组成部分recover /rɪˈkʌvə/ v. 康复priority /praɪˈɒrəti/ n. 优先事项coach /kəʊtʃ/ n. 教练adviser /ədˈvaɪzə/ n. 顾问comforter /ˈkʌmfətə/ n. 安慰者assignment /əˈsaɪnmənt/ n. 作业sympathy /ˈsɪmpəθi/ n. 同情disservice /ˌdɪsˈsɜːvɪs/ n. 伤害psychological /ˌsaɪkəˈlɒdʒɪkl/ adj. 心理的peer /pɪə/ n. 同龄人pain management 疼痛管理problem-solving 解决问题dream /driːm/ n. 梦想keep alive 使延续

熟词生义

coach：常见义“教练”，文中义“教练（引申为指导者）”assignment：常见义“任务”，文中义“作业”disservice：常见义“伤害”，文中义“帮倒忙，伤害”keep alive：常见义“保持活着”，文中义“使延续”piece：常见义“部分”，文中义“a small piece 一小部分”

同义替换

teaches high school inside the hospital → works as a teacher in the hospital（在医院里教高中）people get in their minds an idea → people have a fixed picture（人们脑中有一幅图景）about 500 LPCH patients also become students → around 500 patients also study there（约500名患者也成为学生）is free of parents, doctors, and medical procedures → has no parents, doctors, or medical treatments（没有父母、医生和医疗程序）about half of Ho's students stay for a week or less → nearly half of her students stay no more than a week（约一半学生只待一周或更短）academics don't come first → schoolwork is not the first priority（学业不是第一位的）physical health and mental health are the priority → physical and mental health come first（身心健康优先）I'm a coach, an adviser, and a comforter → I play many roles（我扮演多重角色）it is a disservice to the kids → it harms the children（这对孩子们是一种伤害）school can keep those dreams alive → school can help those dreams continue（学校可以让梦想延续）

句式解析

"If you're scared about something and thinking only about that, there's no way you're going to be able to learn," Ho says.（if 条件状语从句 + there's no way + be able to do）译文：“如果你害怕某件事，只想着那件事，你就不可能学习，”何说。

Some teachers don't give the kids any assignments; they express sympathy instead.（分号连接并列分句 + instead 副词）译文：有些老师不给孩子们任何作业，而是表示同情。

School can keep those dreams alive by giving kids a way to learn and grow.（keep + 宾语 + 宾补 + by doing）译文：学校可以通过给孩子们学习和成长的方式让这些梦想继续下去。

（六）2025年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

mess up 破坏overcome /ˌəʊvəˈkʌm/ v. 克服worth /wɜːθ/ n. 价值dissuade /dɪˈsweɪd/ v. 劝阻dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ n. 甜点unintentionally /ˌʌnɪnˈtenʃənəli/ adv. 无意中negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 负面的impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n. 影响rare /reə/ adj. 罕见的convince /kənˈvɪns/ v. 使信服insecurity /ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊərəti/ n. 不安全感nutrition /njuˈtrɪʃn/ n. 营养division /dɪˈvɪʒn/ n. 分工responsibility /rɪˌspɒnsəˈbɪləti/ n. 责任variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 多样性fixed /fɪkst/ adj. 固定的consume /kənˈsjuːm/ v. 摄入occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/ adv. 偶尔expose /ɪkˈspəʊz/ v. 使接触consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ n. 后果sugary /ˈʃʊɡəri/ adj. 含糖的restrictive /rɪˈstrɪktɪv/ adj. 限制性的click /klɪk/ v. 突然明白workable /ˈwɜːkəbl/ adj. 可行的

熟词生义

mess up：常见义“弄乱”，文中义“破坏”worth：常见义“值得”，文中义“价值”click：常见义“点击”，文中义“突然明白”division：常见义“分割”，文中义“分工”workable：常见义“可工作的”，文中义“可行的”

同义替换

messed up my relationship with food → damaged my relationship with food（破坏了我与食物的关系）took me years to overcome → it took me years to get over it（花了我多年才克服）I'm careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth → I try not to link my kids' weight with their value（我注意不把孩子的体重与他们的价值联系起来）my heart sank → I felt very sad（我的心一沉）saying less is more → talking less is better（少说为妙）creates some worries and insecurities → causes some anxiety and self-doubt（制造担忧和不安全感）apply a well-known concept → use a famous idea（应用一个著名的概念）decide what and how much they want to consume → choose what and how much to eat（决定吃什么和吃多少）exposes them to the natural consequences → lets them experience the results（让他们体验后果）they do make better decisions → they really make wiser choices（他们确实做出更好的决定）

句式解析

Because of this, I'm careful not to connect what my kids weigh with their worth as people.（because of + be careful not to do + what 宾语从句 + connect A with B）译文：正因为如此，我很注意不把孩子们的体重与他们作为人的价值联系起来。

Instead, she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the "Division of Responsibility," where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times, and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume.（Instead + recommend doing + 过去分词作后置定语 + where 定语从句 + what 宾语从句）译文：相反，她建议应用营养专家中一个著名的概念，叫做“责任分工”，即父母在固定时间给孩子提供各种大多健康的食物，孩子们自己决定想吃什么、吃多少。

Even if they don't eat it, they're seeing it. And then all of a sudden it clicks.（Even if 让步状语从句 + 现在进行时 + all of a sudden + click）译文：即使他们不吃，他们也在看着。然后突然间，它就通了。

（七）2024年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

acupuncture /ˈækjupʌŋktʃə/ n. 针灸defensive /dɪˈfensɪv/ adj. 防御性的coworker /ˈkəʊwɜːkə/ n. 同事occasionally /əˈkeɪʒənəli/ adv. 偶尔unusual /ʌnˈjuːʒuəl/ adj. 不同寻常的veterinarian /ˌvetərɪˈneəriən/ n. 兽医holistic /həʊˈlɪstɪk/ adj. 整体的chiropractic /ˌkaɪərəʊˈpræktɪk/ n. 按摩疗法herbal /ˈhɜːbl/ adj. 草药的conventional /kənˈvenʃənl/ adj. 传统的alternative /ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv/ adj. 替代的suffer from 遭受muscle-relaxing 肌肉松弛的relief /rɪˈliːf/ n. 缓解amazed /əˈmeɪzd/ adj. 惊讶的technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 技术heart condition 心脏病heart attack 心脏病发作put to sleep 使安乐死ease /iːz/ v. 减轻suffering /ˈsʌfərɪŋ/ n. 痛苦additional /əˈdɪʃənl/ adj. 额外的adjustment /əˈdʒʌstmənt/ n. 调整indication /ˌɪndɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 指示membership /ˈmembəʃɪp/ n. 会员人数association /əˌsəʊsiˈeɪʃn/ n. 协会effectiveness /ɪˈfektɪvnəs/ n. 有效性

熟词生义

practice：常见义“练习”，文中义“实践，从事”conventional：常见义“传统的”，文中义“常规的”condition：常见义“条件”，文中义“病情”put to sleep：常见义“使入睡”，文中义“使安乐死”indication：常见义“指示”，文中义“指示意义”

同义替换

even some of his coworkers occasionally laugh at his unusual methods → even some colleagues sometimes make fun of his strange ways（甚至一些同事偶尔嘲笑他不寻常的方法）he'll have the last laugh → he will win in the end（他会笑到最后）a small but growing number of → an increasing number of（越来越多的）started out as a more conventional veterinarian → began as a more traditional vet（最初是一名较传统的兽医）suffered from terrible back pain → had severe back pain（遭受严重背痛）found little relief → did not get much relief（几乎没有缓解）was amazed that he improved → was surprised that he got better（惊讶于自己好转了）seemed likely to work on his patients → seemed probable to help his patients（似乎可能对他的患者有效）eased her dog's suffering → reduced her dog's pain（减轻了狗的痛苦）keep him alive for an additional five months → let him live five more months（让它多活了五个月）

句式解析

"I am not crazy," says Dr. William Farber, shortly after performing acupuncture on a rabbit.（直接引语 + shortly after + 动名词）译文：“我没有疯，”威廉·法伯医生在给一只兔子做完针灸后不久说道。

He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain.（become interested in + when 时间状语从句）译文：20年前，当他遭受严重的背痛时，他对替代疗法产生了兴趣。

Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right.（that 宾语从句 + if 条件状语从句）译文：法伯确信整体疗法会随着时间越来越受欢迎，如果过去有任何指示意义的话，他可能是对的。

（八）2024年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

kiosk /ˈkiːɒsk/ n. 小亭fare gate 检票口lit up 亮着receipt /rɪˈsiːt/ n. 收据launch /lɔːntʃ/ v. 启动classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj. 经典的original /əˈrɪdʒənl/ adj. 原创的submit /səbˈmɪt/ v. 提交contest /ˈkɒntest/ n. 比赛submission /səbˈmɪʃn/ n. 投稿published /ˈpʌblɪʃt/ adj. 已发表的ridership /ˈraɪdəʃɪp/ n. 客流量transit /ˈtrænzɪt/ n. 交通agency /ˈeɪdʒənsi/ n. 机构improve /ɪmˈpruːv/ v. 改善rider /ˈraɪdə/ n. 乘客categorize /ˈkætəɡəraɪz/ v. 分类

熟词生义

launch：常见义“发射”，文中义“启动”original：常见义“原来的”，文中义“原创的”published：常见义“出版的”，文中义“发表过作品的”down：常见义“向下”，文中义“下降”save：常见义“拯救”，文中义“拯救（引申为改善）”

同义替换

you forgot to bring something to read → you didn't bring anything to read（你忘了带读物）many of us still like to go old school → many of us still prefer traditional ways（我们中许多人仍喜欢老派方式）there's a kiosk for that → there is a small booth that solves the problem（有一个小亭子可以解决）it tells you can get a one-minute story → it informs you that you can get a story of one minute（它告诉你可获取一分钟故事）riders have printed nearly 20,000 short stories → passengers have printed almost 20,000 stories（乘客已打印近两万篇故事）we wanted to do something where we do a call to artists → we wanted to invite artists to take part（我们想向艺术家发出征集）the winning stories would go into our kiosk → the best stories would be put in our kiosk（获奖故事会进入小亭子）ridership has been down → the number of passengers has decreased（客流量下降）could short stories save transit → can short stories rescue public transport（短篇故事能拯救公共交通吗）we will get more riders → we will attract more passengers（我们会吸引更多乘客）

句式解析

"You enter the fare gates and you'll see a kiosk that is lit up and it tells you can get a one-minute, a three-minute, or a five-minute story," says Alicia Trost.（并列句 + that 定语从句 + 省略 that 的宾语从句）译文：“你进入检票口，就会看到一个亮着的小亭子，它告诉你可以在那里获取一个一分钟、三分钟或五分钟的故事，”艾丽西亚·特罗斯特说。

"You choose which length you want and it gives you a receipt-like short story."（which 宾语从句 + 并列句）译文：“你选择你想要的长度，它就会给你一个像收据一样的短篇故事。”

So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories.（宾语从句 + because of）译文：所以我绝对认为，仅仅因为短篇故事，我们就会吸引更多乘客。

（九）2024年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

distinct /dɪˈstɪŋkt/ adj. 独特的vocal /ˈvəʊkl/ n. 声音scare away 吓退shelter /ˈʃeltə/ n. 庇护所creature /ˈkriːtʃə/ n. 生物vocalization /ˌvəʊkəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 发声conversation /ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃn/ n. 对话interpret /ɪnˈtɜːprɪt/ v. 解读affection /əˈfekʃn/ n. 喜爱stretched /stretʃt/ adj. 拉长的heightened /ˈhaɪtnd/ adj. heightened 的assess /əˈses/ v. 评估look out for 留意sniff out 嗅出distinguish /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/ v. 区分familiar /fəˈmɪliə/ adj. 熟悉的store /stɔː/ v. 储存recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认出fetching /ˈfetʃɪŋ/ adj. 取物的take up a notch 提升一个档次random /ˈrændəm/ adj. 随机的predator /ˈpredətə/ n. 食肉动物adorable /əˈdɔːrəbl/ adj. 可爱的go along with 顺其自然

熟词生义

vocal：常见义“声音的”，文中义“声音”stretched：常见义“拉伸的”，文中义“拉长的”take up a notch：常见义“拿起”，文中义“提升一个档次”go along with：常见义“赞同”，文中义“顺其自然”random：常见义“随机的”，文中义“随机的（物品）”

同义替换

animals can express their needs using a lot of ways → animals have many ways to show their needs（动物有很多方式表达需求）almost all animals have distinct vocals → nearly all animals have unique sounds（几乎所有动物都有独特的声音）cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills → cats are unusual animals with great vocal abilities（猫是具有惊人发声技巧的特殊生物）have entire conversations with humans → communicate fully with people（与人类进行完整对话）keep meowing to attract attention → continue meowing to draw attention（不停喵喵叫来吸引注意）tend to produce stretched and soft meows → usually make long, soft meows（往往会发出拉长的、柔软的喵喵声）uses it to get the mother's attention → uses it to attract its mother's attention（用它来获得母亲的注意）assess their environment → evaluate their surroundings（评估环境）look out for any signs of danger → watch for any danger signals（留意危险迹象）store the smell in its memory → keep the smell in its memory（把气味储存在记忆中）tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats → know right away if their owners have been near other cats（立即判断主人是否接触过其他猫）take this behavior up a notch → do this even better（把这种行为提升一个档次）

句式解析

For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.（that 定语从句 + rely on to do + either...or... 并列）译文：例如，几乎所有动物都有独特的声音，它们依赖这些声音来求助、吓退危险动物或寻找庇护所。

However, when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.（when 时间状语从句 + tend to do）译文：然而，当猫在寻求关爱时，它们往往会发出拉长的、柔软的喵喵声。

That's why most pet cats are able to tell immediately if their owners were around any other cats, which they don't usually like.（why 表语从句 + if 宾语从句 + which 非限制性定语从句）译文：这就是为什么大多数宠物猫能够立即判断出它们的主人是否接触过其他猫，而它们通常不喜欢这样。

（十）2024年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

telephone box 电话亭shelter from the rain 躲雨intended purpose 本来目的audition /ɔːˈdɪʃn/ n. 试演shared house 合租房throw /θrəʊ/ n. 毯子young professional 年轻专业人士wastepaper basket 废纸篓swing shut 关上landlady /ˈlændleɪdi/ n. 房东managing agent 管理代理spare key 备用钥匙passer-by /ˌpɑːsəˈbaɪ/ n. 路人borrow /ˈbɒrəʊ/ v. 借replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ v. 替换collection /kəˈlekʃn/ n. 收藏be stuffed full of 塞满spring clean 大扫除voluminous /vəˈluːmɪnəs/ adj. 厚厚unbeatable /ʌnˈbiːtəbl/ adj. 无与伦比的price-point 价格点experiment with 尝试entertain /ˌentəˈteɪn/ v. 使不无聊rescue /ˈreskjuː/ v. 拯救

熟词生义

throw：常见义“扔”，文中义“毯子”spring clean：常见义“春季清洁”，文中义“大扫除”price-point：常见义“价格点”，文中义“价格点（性价比）”rescue：常见义“救援”，文中义“来救”experiment with：常见义“做实验”，文中义“尝试”

同义替换

I mean to make an actual phone call → I refer to making a real call（我是说打一个真正的电话）not to shelter from the rain → not to hide from the rain（不是躲雨）ages ago → a long time ago（很久以前）I was conducting auditions → I was holding tryouts（我在进行试演）hoping to impress some talented actors → wanting to attract some gifted actors（希望打动一些有才华的演员）I spread some throws over the sofas → I put some blankets on the sofas（我在沙发上铺了几条毯子）the door swung shut behind me → the door closed behind me（门在我身后关上了）I was locked outside → I was shut out（我被锁在外面）got put through to our landlady's managing agent → was connected to the agent（接通了房东的代理）had a spare key sent to me → had someone send me a spare key（让人给我送来备用钥匙）the last one standing → the last one still existing（最后一个还存在的）has just been turned into a mini community library → has just been converted into a small community library（刚被改造成迷你社区图书馆）I didn't bother taking a look → I didn't take the trouble to look（我懒得去看）I had assumed that it would be stuffed full of → I had thought it would be filled with（我以为里面会塞满）this unbeatable price-point encouraged me → this excellent price made me want to（这个无与伦比的价格鼓励我）

句式解析

When was the last time you used a telephone box?（When 引导的特殊疑问句 + the last time 作时间状语）译文：你最后一次使用电话亭是什么时候？

As I rushed outdoors to empty the wastepaper baskets, the door swung shut behind me.（As 时间状语从句 + 不定式作目的状语 + swing shut）译文：当我冲出门外去倒空废纸篓时，门在我身后关上了。

If I ever get trapped outside my house again, my local telephone box will, sadly, no longer be able to connect me with my keys.（if 条件状语从句 + be able to do + connect A with B）译文：如果我再次被锁在屋外，我当地的电话亭将遗憾地不再能帮我联系到钥匙。

（十一）2023年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

explore /ɪkˈsplɔː/ v. 探索observe /əbˈzɜːv/ v. 观察stream /striːm/ n. 溪流tiny creature 微小生物clean up 清理mess /mes/ n. 垃圾agriculture /ˈæɡrɪkʌltʃə/ n. 农业fishery /ˈfɪʃəri/ n. 渔业trap /træp/ v. 捕获bacteria /bækˈtɪəriə/ n. 细菌cancer-causing 致癌的combination /ˌkɒmbɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 组合eco-machine 生态机器sludge /slʌdʒ/ n. 污泥fiberglass tank 玻璃纤维罐ecosystem /ˈiːkəʊsɪstəm/ n. 生态系统digest /daɪˈdʒest/ v. 消化greenhouse-like 类似温室的sewage /ˈsuːɪdʒ/ n. 污水canal /kəˈnæl/ n. 运河ecological design 生态设计spare parts 备用零件organism /ˈɔːɡənɪzəm/ n. 生物体self-repair 自我修复inquiring /ɪnˈkwaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 好问的

熟词生义

trap：常见义“陷阱”，文中义“捕获”mess：常见义“混乱”，文中义“垃圾”figure：常见义“数字”，文中义“认为”spare：常见义“空闲的”，文中义“备用的”take on：常见义“穿上”，文中义“承担”

同义替换

loved to explore the woods → enjoyed exploring the forest（喜欢探索树林）observing how nature solved problems → watching how nature dealt with problems（观察大自然如何解决问题）a dirty stream often became clear → a polluted stream usually turned clean（脏溪流往往变清澈）flowing through plants → passing through plants（流过植物）started to wonder if this process could be used → began to think about whether this method could be used（开始思考这个过程是否可以用）clean up the messes people were making → deal with the waste people produced（清理人们制造的垃圾）went back to observing nature → returned to watching nature（回到观察自然）with the right combination of animals and plants → with the proper mix of animals and plants（动物和植物的正确组合）he decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine → he made up his mind to create what he later named an eco-machine（他决定建造后来称为生态机器的东西）remove harmful substances from some sludge → take dangerous materials out of the mud（从污泥中去除有害物质）

句式解析

When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems.（When 时间状语从句 + 现在分词作伴随状语 + how 宾语从句）译文：当约翰·托德还是个孩子时，他喜欢探索家周围的树林，观察大自然如何解决问题。

He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine.（what 宾语从句作 build 的宾语）译文：他决定建造一个他后来称之为“生态机器”的东西。

You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.（祈使句 + what 宾语从句 + let sb. do + 不定式作后置定语）译文：你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察发生了什么。然后你让这些新系统发展出自己的自我修复方式。

（十二）2023年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

turn soil 翻土pull weeds 拔草harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ v. 收获cabbage /ˈkæbɪdʒ/ n. 白菜tough /tʌf/ adj. 艰苦的low-income 低收入的environmental awareness 环境意识lifestyle /ˈlaɪfstaɪl/ n. 生活方式fresh food 新鲜食物green space 绿色空间outnumber /ˌaʊtˈnʌmbə/ v. 数量超过grocery store 杂货店literally /ˈlɪtərəli/ adv. 真的snack /snæk/ n. 零食soft drink 软饮料awful /ˈɔːfl/ adj. 糟糕的dirt /dɜːt/ n. 泥土insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫initially /ɪˈnɪʃəli/ adv. 最初scared /skeəd/ adj. 害怕的turned off 反感eager /ˈiːɡə/ adj. 渴望的hands-on 动手的soil testing 土壤测试dissection /daɪˈsekʃn/ n. 解剖produce /ˈprɒdjuːs/ n. 农产品evaluation /ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn/ n. 评估nutrition /njuˈtrɪʃn/ n. 营养calming effect 镇静效果special education 特殊教育emotional control 情绪控制far-reaching /ˌfɑː ˈriːtʃɪŋ/ adj. 深远的

熟词生义

turned off：常见义“关掉”，文中义“反感”produce：常见义“生产”，文中义“农产品”special：常见义“特别的”，文中义“特殊教育的”far-reaching：常见义“伸得远”，文中义“深远的”work in the garden：常见义“在花园工作”，文中义“在花园劳动”

同义替换

turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage → digging soil, removing weeds, and picking cabbage（翻土、拔草、收白菜）sound like tough work → seem like hard work（听起来是艰苦的工作）started Urban Sprouts → set up Urban Sprouts（创办Urban Sprouts）aims to help students develop science skills → is intended to help students build science skills（旨在帮助学生培养科学技能）live in neighborhoods where fresh food is not easy to find → live in areas where fresh food is hard to get（住在新鲜食物不容易找到的社区）fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores → there are more fast food restaurants than grocery stores（快餐店数量超过杂货店）come to us thinking vegetables are awful → arrive believing vegetables are terrible（来到我们这里时认为蔬菜很糟糕）most are eager to try something new → most want to try new things（大多数人渴望尝试新事物）include hands-on experiments → involve practical experiments（包括动手实验）kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes → children eat more vegetables because of the lessons（孩子们因为课程而吃更多蔬菜）the program's benefits go beyond nutrition → the program's advantages extend beyond nutrition（项目的好处不仅限于营养）have a calming effect on → help calm down（对……有镇静效果）

句式解析

Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new.（Though 让步状语从句 + be scared of + be turned off by + be eager to do）译文：虽然有些学生最初害怕昆虫、厌恶泥土，但大多数人都渴望尝试新事物。

Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools.（省略关系词的定语从句 + 并列句）译文：每年有几次，学生们烹饪自己种植的蔬菜，偶尔还会为全校制作沙拉。

Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens.（so...that 结果状语从句 + 不定式作目的状语）译文：有些学生对园艺如此感兴趣，以至于把种子带回家开辟自己的菜园。

（十三）2023年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

a dab hand 能手DIY 自己动手做skilled /skɪld/ adj. 熟练的put up shelves 安装架子piece together 拼装credit /ˈkredɪt/ v. 归功于late /leɪt/ adj. 已故的builder /ˈbɪldə/ n. 建筑工人accompany /əˈkʌmpəni/ v. 陪伴school holiday 学校假期reward /rɪˈwɔːd/ v. 奖励pocket money 零花钱back breaking 累断腰的rent /rent/ v. 租deposit /dɪˈpɒzɪt/ n. 押金tenancy /ˈtenənsi/ n. 租期personalise /ˈpɜːsənəlaɪz/ v. 个性化cover up 遮盖repaint /ˌriːˈpeɪnt/ v. 重新粉刷avoid /əˈvɔɪd/ v. 避免charge /tʃɑːdʒ/ n. 收费take on 进行make the most of 充分利用average spend 平均花费comfort /ˈkʌmfət/ n. 舒适value /ˈvæljuː/ n. 价值traditionally /trəˈdɪʃənəli/ adv. 传统上male hobby 男性爱好lead the charge 引领潮流specialist /ˈspeʃəlɪst/ n. 专家

熟词生义

credit：常见义“信用”，文中义“归功于”late：常见义“迟到”，文中义“已故的”reward：常见义“奖励”，文中义“奖励（动词）”charge：常见义“收费”，文中义“收费（名词）”lead the charge：常见义“领导冲锋”，文中义“引领潮流”

同义替换

is a dab hand when it comes to DIY → is very skilled at do-it-yourself（在DIY方面是个能手）skilled at putting up shelves → good at fixing shelves（擅长安装架子）she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself → she never hires others for work she can do（她从不花钱请别人做自己能做的事）she credits these skills to her late grandfather → she owes these skills to her grandfather who passed away（她把这些技能归功于已故的祖父）a day's work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money → she got £5 as pocket money for a day's work（一天的工作得到5英镑零花钱）it was back breaking work → it was extremely tiring work（这是累断腰的活儿）saves her from losing any deposit → prevents her from losing the deposit（使她免于损失押金）personalise my room → make my room personal（把房间个性化）cover up holes and repaint a room → fill holes and paint the room again（补洞并重新粉刷房间）avoid any charges → prevent any fees（避免任何收费）

句式解析

Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.（形容词短语作状语 + 省略关系词的定语从句）译文：她擅长安装架子和拼装家具，从不花钱请别人做她自己能做的事。

From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays.（From + 插入语 + 一般过去时）译文：从六岁起，现年26岁的特里就在学校假期跟着德里克去上班。

Though DIY has traditionally been seen as male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.（Though 让步状语从句 + 被动语态 + 省略 that 的宾语从句 + 现在分词作后置定语）译文：虽然DIY传统上被视为男性的爱好，但研究显示，现在女性正在引领这一潮流。

（十四）2023年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

specialize in 专攻landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景challenge /ˈtʃælɪndʒ/ n. 挑战geographical variation 地理变化tend to 往往distinctive /dɪˈstɪŋktɪv/ adj. 独特的character /ˈkærəktə/ n. 特色shot /ʃɒt/ n. 拍摄time frame 时间窗口adventure /ədˈventʃə/ n. 冒险decisive /dɪˈsaɪsɪv/ adj. 决定性的destination /ˌdestɪˈneɪʃn/ n. 目的地set up 架设miss /mɪs/ v. 错过sunset /ˈsʌnset/ n. 日落sunrise /ˈsʌnraɪz/ n. 日出quartz /kwɔːts/ n. 石英route /ruːt/ n. 路线end up doing 最终做stressful /ˈstresfl/ adj. 压力大的limited /ˈlɪmɪtɪd/ adj. 有限的look back on 回顾shot /ʃɒt/ n. 作品manage /ˈmænɪdʒ/ v. 管理wisely /ˈwaɪzli/ adv. 明智地

熟词生义

shot：常见义“射击”，文中义“拍摄；作品”character：常见义“角色”，文中义“特色”set up：常见义“建立”，文中义“架设”end up：常见义“结束”，文中义“最终做”manage：常见义“管理”，文中义“设法”

同义替换

can be quite a challenge → can be very difficult（可能相当具有挑战性）lacks geographical variation → has little geographical diversity（缺乏地理变化）tend to be quite similar → are usually quite alike（往往相当相似）find distinctive character → discover unique features（发现独特的个性）travel up to four hours away → drive as far as four hours（最远开车四个小时）shoot within a 10-minute time frame → take photos in ten minutes（在十分钟内拍摄）being at the right place at the right time is decisive → showing up at the right moment is crucial（在正确的时间出现在正确的地点至关重要）leave early to seek the right destinations → start early to find the right places（早出发寻找合适的目的地）avoid missing the moment → prevent missing the moment（避免错过时刻）missed plenty of beautiful sunsets → failed to catch many beautiful sunsets（错过了许多美丽的日落）we did not mark the route → we didn't mark the way（我们没有标记路线）ended up almost missing the sunset entirely → almost completely missed the sunset（几乎完全错过了日落）they are some of my best shots → they are among my best photos（它们是我最好的作品之一）

句式解析

Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar, either farm fields or highways, sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.（Although 让步状语从句 + either...or... 同位语 + find + 宾语 + 宾补）译文：尽管中西部的风景往往相当相似，要么是农田要么是高速公路，但有时我会在山丘或湖泊中发现独特的个性。

Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.（动名词作主语 + be decisive in）译文：在正确的时间出现在正确的地点对任何风格的摄影都是决定性的。

Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.（现在分词作状语 + though 让步状语从句 + could have done 虚拟 + if 条件句）译文：不过，回头看这些照片，它们是我最好的一些作品，尽管如果我做好准备并明智地管理时间，它们本可以好得多。

（十五）2023年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

roommate /ˈruːmmeɪt/ n. 室友sustainable /səˈsteɪnəbl/ adj. 可持续的bandwagon /ˈbændwæɡən/ n. 潮流zero waste 零浪费radical /ˈrædɪkl/ adj. 激进的movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动groceries /ˈɡrəʊsəriz/ n. 杂货jar /dʒɑː/ n. 罐子trash /træʃ/ n. 垃圾comment /ˈkɒment/ v. 评论silly /ˈsɪli/ adj. 傻的discouraging /dɪsˈkʌrɪdʒɪŋ/ adj. 令人泄气的reduce waste 减少浪费within one's reach 在能力范围内toiletries /ˈtɔɪlətriz/ n. 洗漱用品personalise /ˈpɜːsənəlaɪz/ v. 个性化routine /ruːˈtiːn/ n. 日常习惯portion out 分出cupboard /ˈkʌbəd/ n. 橱柜make the switch 做出转变have control over 对……有控制权speak up for oneself 为自己说话debate /dɪˈbeɪt/ n. 争论on board 认同lead by action 用行动引领determined /dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/ adj. 意志坚定的

熟词生义

bandwagon：常见义“乐队花车”，文中义“潮流”radical：常见义“激进的”，文中义“激进的”comment：常见义“评论”，文中义“评论（动词）”on board：常见义“在船上”，文中义“认同”lead by action：常见义“用行动领导”，文中义“用行动引领”

同义替换

chances are that not everyone will be ready to jump on that bandwagon → it is likely that not everyone will join you（很可能不是每个人都会加入你）I started switching to a zero waste lifestyle → I began changing to a zero waste way of life（我开始转向零浪费生活方式）I continue to experience this with my husband → I still face this with my husband（我和丈夫继续经历这一点）I've learned a few things along the way → I have picked up some lessons（我一路学到了一些东西）sharing how cool I thought it would be → saying how great I thought it would be（分享我觉得会有多酷）my dad commented on how silly it was → my father said how foolish it was（我爸爸评论说这有多傻）it came off as a bit discouraging → it seemed somewhat discouraging（这让人有点泄气）I did what I could that was within my own reach → I did what I was able to do（我在力所能及的范围内做了我能做的）I was able to start personalising my routine → I could begin to make my routine more personal（我能开始把日常习惯个性化）you may have some control over your own personal spaces → you might have some power over your own space（你可能对自己的个人空间有一些控制权）your words probably won't do much → what you say likely won't help much（你的话可能不会起多大作用）lead by action → set an example through what you do（用行动引领）

句式解析

Chances are that if you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready to jump on that bandwagon.（Chances are that + if 条件状语从句 + be ready to do）译文：如果你想过一种更可持续的生活方式，很可能你身边的人并不都准备好加入这个行列。

Yet as the months of reducing waste continued, I did what I could that was within my own reach.（as 时间状语从句 + what 宾语从句 + that 定语从句）译文：然而，随着减少浪费的月份继续，我在自己力所能及的范围内做了我能做的。

If you have individuals who are not on board, your words probably won't do much and can often leave you feeling more discouraged.（if 条件状语从句 + who 定语从句 + leave sb. feeling）译文：如果有不认同你的人，你的话可能不会起多大作用，而且常常会让你感到更加泄气。

（十六）2022年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

mindful /ˈmaɪndfl/ adj. 注意的go to waste 被浪费arugula /əˈruːɡələ/ n. 芝麻菜salad /ˈsæləd/ n. 沙拉roast chicken 烤鸡freezer /ˈfriːzə/ n. 冰箱go bad 变质unthinkingly /ʌnˈθɪŋkɪŋli/ adv. 不假思索地moral grain 道德准则cover story 封面故事jaw-dropping /ˈdʒɔː drɒpɪŋ/ adj. 令人瞠目结舌的reject /rɪˈdʒekt/ v. 拒绝grocer /ˈɡrəʊsə/ n. 杂货商garbage can 垃圾桶resource /rɪˈsɔːs/ n. 资源greenhouse gas 温室气体refrigerator /rɪˈfrɪdʒəreɪtə/ n. 冰箱donation /dəʊˈneɪʃn/ n. 捐赠blemished /ˈblemɪʃt/ adj. 有瑕疵的rot /rɒt/ v. 腐烂volunteer /ˌvɒlənˈtɪə/ n. 志愿者side dish 配菜consequence /ˈkɒnsɪkwəns/ n. 后果environmental /ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmentl/ adj. 环境的

熟词生义

mindful：常见义“留心的”，文中义“注意的”grain：常见义“谷物”，文中义“moral grain 道德准则”reject：常见义“拒绝”，文中义“拒绝（农产品）”produce：常见义“生产”，文中义“农产品”side dish：常见义“配菜”，文中义“配菜”

同义替换

I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste → I try to pay attention to food that is wasted（我尽量注意不浪费食物）the arugula went bad → the arugula spoiled（芝麻菜坏了）I had unthinkingly bought way too much → I had bought far too much without thinking（我不假思索地买了太多）food waste goes against the moral grain → wasting food is morally wrong（食物浪费违背道德准则）how much perfectly good food is thrown away → how much completely good food is discarded（多少完好的食物被扔掉）rejected by grocers → refused by shopkeepers（被杂货商拒绝）wastes the water, fuel, and other resources → uses up water, fuel and other resources（浪费水、燃料和其他资源）makes food waste an environmental problem → turns food waste into an environmental issue（使食物浪费成为环境问题）if food waste were a country → if food waste were a nation（如果食物浪费是一个国家）it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases → it would rank third in greenhouse gas emissions（它将是第三大温室气体排放国）

句式解析

In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, "food waste goes against the moral grain," as Elizabeth Royte writes in this month's cover story.（where 定语从句 + as 方式状语从句）译文：在一个每年近8亿人挨饿的世界里，“食物浪费违背道德准则”，正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特在本月的封面故事中写道。

It's jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away—from "ugly" (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans.（形式主语 it + how 主语从句 + 破折号举例 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：有多少完好的食物被扔掉，令人瞠目结舌——从被杂货商拒绝的“丑陋”（但完全可以吃）的蔬菜，到被扔进餐馆垃圾桶的大量未吃的菜肴。

Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you won't eat.（play a part in + whether...or... 并列 + 省略关系词的定语从句）译文：每个人都可以在减少浪费方面发挥作用，无论是每周购物时不买超过需要的食物，还是要求餐馆不要包括你不会吃的配菜。

（十七）2022年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

journalist /ˈdʒɜːnəlɪst/ n. 记者storytelling /ˈstɔːritelɪŋ/ n. 叙事multimedia /ˌmʌltiˈmiːdiə/ adj. 多媒体的hit home for me 让我深有体会spring festival 春节colorful /ˈkʌləfl/ adj. 彩色的perfect match 完美匹配lap /læp/ n. 膝盖poke /pəʊk/ v. 戳confused /kənˈfjuːzd/ adj. 困惑的stranger /ˈstreɪndʒə/ n. 陌生人amuse /əˈmjuːz/ v. 逗乐tablet computer 平板电脑be loaded with 装满come alive 活起来outdated /ˌaʊtˈdeɪtɪd/ adj. 过时的lifeless /ˈlaɪfləs/ adj. 无生命的antique /ænˈtiːk/ n. 古董hopelessly /ˈhəʊpləsli/ adv. 无可救药地digitally /ˈdɪdʒɪtəli/ adv. 数字上edit video 编辑视频produce audio 制作音频mobile payment 移动支付notable /ˈnəʊtəbl/ adj. 明显的gap /ɡæp/ n. 空白integration /ˌɪntɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 一体化internet star 网络明星fame /feɪm/ n. 名气go to one's head 冲昏头脑digitally competent 数字技能胜任的

熟词生义

hit home：常见义“击中要害”，文中义“让我深有体会”stranger：常见义“陌生人”，文中义“对……陌生”lifeless：常见义“无生命的”，文中义“没有生命的”go to one's head：常见义“冲昏头脑”，文中义“冲昏头脑”notable：常见义“著名的”，文中义“明显的”

同义替换

many young people don't even realize it's new → many young people don't know it is new（许多年轻人甚至没意识到它是新的）this hit home for me → this made me deeply aware（这让我深有体会）a perfect match for his age → exactly right for his age（与他的年龄完美匹配）he reaches out and pokes the page → he stretches out and touches the page（他伸出手戳书页）I nearly dropped the book → I almost let the book fall（我差点把书掉了）he was actually a stranger to books → he was unfamiliar with books（他对书很陌生）his father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer → his father often entertained him with a tablet（他的父亲经常用平板电脑逗他玩）loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them → full of colorful pictures that move when touched（装满了戳一下就会动的彩色图片）he thought my storybook was like that → he believed my book worked the same way（他以为我的故事书也是这样）I'm not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking → I am not completely unable to use technology（就数字技术而言，我还没有无可救药）

句式解析

Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures.（祈使句 + 独立主格 + as 时间状语从句 + so that 目的状语从句）译文：想象一下：我的孙子坐在我的腿上，我把书举在前面，这样他就能看到图片。

His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them.（which 定语从句 + that 定语从句 + when 时间状语从句）译文：他的父亲经常用一台平板电脑逗他玩，那台平板电脑里装满了彩色图片，一戳它们就会活起来。

I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.（promise not to do + let it go to one's head + make sure + 省略 that 的宾语从句）译文：我保证不会让它冲昏头脑。但我会确保我两岁的孙子在他的平板电脑上看到它。

（十八）2022年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

cockatoo /ˌkɒkəˈtuː/ n. 凤头鹦鹉native to 原产于shape-recognition 形状识别tool /tuːl/ n. 工具skilful /ˈskɪlfl/ adj. 熟练的cage /keɪdʒ/ n. 笼子present /prɪˈzent/ v. 呈现nut /nʌt/ n. 坚果geometric /ˌdʒiːəˈmetrɪk/ adj. 几何的keyhole /ˈkiːhəʊl/ n. 钥匙孔insert /ɪnˈsɜːt/ v. 插入symmetrical /sɪˈmetrɪkl/ adj. 对称的allocentric frame of reference 异我中心参照系visual recognition 视觉识别trial-and-error 试错monkey /ˈmʌŋki/ n. 猴子possess /pəˈzes/ v. 拥有clue /kluː/ n. 线索sense of touch 触觉selection /sɪˈlekʃn/ n. 选择suitable /ˈsuːtəbl/ adj. 合适的

熟词生义

present：常见义“现在的”，文中义“呈现”possess：常见义“拥有”，文中义“拥有”clue：常见义“线索”，文中义“线索”frame：常见义“框架”，文中义“frame of reference 参照系”select：常见义“选择”，文中义“选择”

同义替换

have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old → can recognize shapes like a two-year-old child（具有与人类两岁幼儿相似的形状识别能力）not known to use tools in the wild → not famous for using tools in nature（野生的不以使用工具著称）proved skilful at tool use → showed skill in using tools（被证明擅长使用工具）were presented with a box → were shown a box（面前放着一个盒子）inserting the correct key would let out the nut → putting in the right key would release the nut（插入正确的钥匙就能放出坚果）put a round shape in a round hole → place a round object into a round hole（把圆形放入圆孔）it will be another year before they are able to do the same → they need one more year to do the same（还需要再过一年才能做同样的事）recognize that a shape will need to be turned → understand that a shape must be rotated（认识到形状需要转动）select the right tool for the job → choose the correct tool for the task（为任务选择正确的工具）did better than monkeys → performed better than monkeys（比猴子表现更好）possess an allocentric frame of reference → have a particular frame of reference（拥有异我中心参照系）rely entirely on visual clues → depend completely on visual information（完全依赖视觉线索）use a sense of touch → use the sense of touch（使用触觉）

句式解析

Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.（同位语 + 现在完成时被动 + have abilities to）译文：戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉，一种原产于澳大拉西亚的小型鹦鹉，已被证明具有与人类两岁幼儿相似的形状识别能力。

This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an "allocentric frame of reference".（不定式作后置定语 + that 宾语从句 + before 时间状语从句 + 被动语态）译文：这种认识到一个形状需要朝特定方向转动才能适配的能力被称为“异我中心参照系”。

This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies.（that 宾语从句 + do 强调 + when 时间状语从句 + similar to）译文：这表明戈芬氏凤头鹦鹉在空间中移动物体时确实拥有异我中心参照系，与两岁幼儿相似。

（十九）2022年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

wealthy /ˈwelθi/ adj. 富裕的settlement /ˈsetlmənt/ n. 定居点schoolhouse /ˈskuːlhaʊs/ n. 校舍instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt/ v. 教string /strɪŋ/ n. 绳子subject /ˈsʌbdʒɪkt/ n. 主题editor /ˈedɪtə/ n. 编辑granddaughter /ˈɡrændɔːtə/ n. 孙女undertake /ˌʌndəˈteɪk/ v. 承担privacy /ˈprɪvəsi/ n. 隐私rare /reə/ adj. 稀少的quilt /kwɪlt/ n. 被子weep /wiːp/ v. 哭泣mud /mʌd/ n. 泥expand on 扩展讲述feminism /ˈfemənɪzəm/ n. 女权主义hair-raising /ˈheə reɪzɪŋ/ adj. 令人毛骨悚然的entail /ɪnˈteɪl/ v. 牵涉drill /drɪl/ v. 钻探blinding /ˈblaɪndɪŋ/ adj. 令人目眩的snowstorm /ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ n. 暴风雪storyteller /ˈstɔːritelə/ n. 讲故事的人sweep /swiːp/ n. 辽阔stoicism /ˈstəʊɪsɪzəm/ n. 坚忍glow /ɡləʊ/ n. 光芒full moon 满月hare /heə/ n. 野兔book review 书评

熟词生义

subject：常见义“科目”，文中义“主题”undertake：常见义“承担”，文中义“承担”expand on：常见义“扩展”，文中义“扩展讲述”sweep：常见义“打扫”，文中义“辽阔”glow：常见义“发光”，文中义“光芒”

同义替换

two girls of wealthy families → two girls from rich families（两个来自富裕家庭的女孩）traveled to a settlement → went to a small community（前往一个定居点）teach in a one-room schoolhouse → give lessons in a single-room school（在一所只有一间教室的校舍里教书）whose shoes were held together with string → whose shoes were tied with string（鞋子用绳子绑在一起）their stay in Elkhead is the subject of → their time in Elkhead is the topic of（她们在埃尔克黑德的逗留是……的主题）wanted to do something useful → wished to do something helpful（想做有用的事）realized what they had undertaken → understood what they had taken on（意识到自己承担了什么）had little privacy, rare baths → had almost no privacy and seldom bathed（几乎没有隐私，很少洗澡）a blanket of snow on their quilt → snow covering their quilt（被子上覆盖着一层雪）the children weeping from the cold → the children crying because of the cold（孩子们冻得哭泣）

句式解析

In 1916, two girls of wealthy families, best friends from Auburn, N.Y.—Dorothy Woodruff and Rosamond Underwood—traveled to a settlement in the Rocky Mountains to teach in a one-room schoolhouse.（同位语 + 破折号插入 + 不定式作目的状语）译文：1916年，两个来自富裕家庭的女孩，来自纽约州奥本的好朋友——多萝西·伍德拉夫和罗莎蒙德·安德伍德——前往落基山脉的一个定居点，在一所只有一间教室的校舍里教书。

So for them to move to Elkhead, Colo. to instruct the children whose shoes were held together with string was a surprise.（for sb. to do 不定式复合结构作主语 + whose 定语从句）译文：所以对她们来说，搬到科罗拉多州的埃尔克黑德，去教那些鞋子用绳子绑在一起的孩子们，是一件令人惊讶的事。

Here is a picture of Dorothy Woodruff, on her horse, looking down from a hill top.（倒装句 + 现在分词作伴随状语）译文：这里有一幅多萝西·伍德拉夫的画面，她骑在马上，从山顶向下看。

（二十）2022年6月高考英语浙江卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

tiny forest 微型森林tennis court 网球场wildlife /ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ n. 野生动物access /ˈækses/ n. 接触movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动pioneer /ˌpaɪəˈnɪə/ v. 开创botanist /ˈbɒtənɪst/ n. 植物学家take off 流行eventually /ɪˈventʃuəli/ adv. 最终urban /ˈɜːbən/ adj. 城市的disconnect /ˌdɪskəˈnekt/ n. 隔阂minimum /ˈmɪnɪməm/ n. 最低限度fertiliser /ˈfɜːtəlaɪzə/ n. 肥料native species 本地物种variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 多样性abundance /əˈbʌndəns/ n. 丰富flooding /ˈflʌdɪŋ/ n. 洪水carbon /ˈkɑːbən/ n. 碳atmosphere /ˈætməsfɪə/ n. 大气climate change 气候变化mental health 心理健康notable /ˈnəʊtəbl/ adj. 显著的

熟词生义

access：常见义“进入”，文中义“接触”take off：常见义“起飞”，文中义“流行”disconnect：常见义“断开”，文中义“隔阂”abundance：常见义“丰富”，文中义“丰富”notable：常见义“著名的”，文中义“显著的”

同义替换

small changes taking place → minor changes happening（正在发生的小变化）tiny forests barely the size of tennis courts → very small forests about the size of tennis courts（只有网球场大小的微型森林）making a great place for wildlife → creating a wonderful place for animals（为野生动物提供一个好地方）may not normally have easy access to nature → usually cannot easily get close to nature（通常不容易接触自然）aims to prove that → is intended to show that（旨在证明）the best things in life really do come in small packages → good things can come in small sizes（生活中最美好的东西确实是小巧玲珑的）were first pioneered as a concept → were first introduced as an idea（最早作为一种概念被开创）the idea soon took off → the idea quickly became popular（这个想法很快流行起来）became popular in places like France → became well-liked in countries such as France（在法国等地流行起来）identifying areas in which a tiny forest could have the biggest influence → finding places where a tiny forest could make the greatest difference（确定微型森林可以产生最大影响的区域）

句式解析

At the side of roads, behind school playgrounds and on all kinds of unloved pieces of land across towns and cities, tiny forests barely the size of tennis courts are appearing.（介词短语并列作地点状语 + 现在进行时）译文：在路边、学校操场后面，以及城镇中各种无人喜爱的土地上，只有网球场大小的微型森林正在出现。

This variety, coupled with the fact that tiny forests grow up to ten times faster than standard forests, means they attract a rich abundance of wildlife.（coupled with + that 同位语从句 + 比较级 + 省略 that 的宾语从句）译文：这种多样性，再加上微型森林的生长速度比标准森林快十倍，意味着它们能吸引丰富的野生动物。

It's also thought that these places could help reduce the risk of flooding, remove carbon from the atmosphere and fight climate change, as well as improving the mental health of those living locally.（形式主语 it + that 主语从句 + 并列不定式 + as well as doing + 现在分词作后置定语）译文：人们还认为，这些地方可以帮助降低洪水风险、从大气中去除碳、应对气候变化，以及改善当地居民的心理健康。

（二十一）2022年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

global power 全球强国lifeblood /ˈlaɪfblʌd/ n. 命脉electricity /ɪˌlekˈtrɪsəti/ n. 电力long-distance 长途的communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 通信energy /ˈenədʒi/ n. 能源age of steam 蒸汽时代historian /hɪˈstɔːriən/ n. 历史学家narrative /ˈnærətɪv/ n. 叙事novel /ˈnɒvl/ n. 小说steam engine 蒸汽机password /ˈpɑːswɜːd/ n. 密码curiosity /ˌkjʊəriˈɒsəti/ n. 好奇necessity /nəˈsesəti/ n. 必需品electromagnetic /ɪˌlektrəʊmæɡˈnetɪk/ adj. 电磁的circuit /ˈsɜːkɪt/ n. 回路telegraph /ˈtelɪɡrɑːf/ n. 电报incandescent /ˌɪnkænˈdesnt/ adj. 白炽的bulb /bʌlb/ n. 灯泡mass electrification 大规模电气化alternating current 交流电power delivery 电力输送frame /freɪm/ v. 构建fictional /ˈfɪkʃənl/ adj. 虚构的witness /ˈwɪtnəs/ n. 见证者technique /tekˈniːk/ n. 手法book review 书评

熟词生义

power：常见义“力量”，文中义“强国”frame：常见义“框架”，文中义“构建”witness：常见义“目击”，文中义“见证者”curiosity：常见义“好奇心”，文中义“好奇”technique：常见义“技术”，文中义“手法”

同义替换

rose to global power → became a world power（崛起为全球强国）on the strength of its technology → thanks to its technology（凭借其技术）the lifeblood that technology has long been electricity → electricity has long been the lifeblood of technology（电力长期以来一直是技术的命脉）created the modern world → made the modern world（创造了现代世界）the age of electricity is merely the second stage → the electric age is just the second phase（电气时代仅仅是第二阶段）no one has put together a history → nobody has written a combined history（没有人把历史放在一起写）spins a narrative so lively → tells a story so vividly（编织的叙事如此生动）it reads like a novel → it is like reading a novel（读起来像一部小说）America did not invent the steam engine → the steam engine was not invented in America（美国没有发明蒸汽机）once they grasped its passwords → once they understood how it worked（一旦他们掌握了它的密码）put it to more uses than anyone else → used it for more purposes than anyone else（比任何人都更多地使用它）electricity went from mere curiosity to a basic necessity → electricity changed from a curiosity to a necessity（电力从好奇变成了必需品）Edison realized that success depended on mass electrification → Edison understood that success relied on widespread electrification（爱迪生意识到成功取决于大规模电气化）developed a system using alternating current → created a system that used AC（开发了一种使用交流电的系统）soon became the major forms of power delivery → quickly became the main way to deliver power（很快成为电力输送的主要形式）creates the character of Ned → invents the character Ned（创造内德这个角色）a fictional witness to the progress → an imaginary observer of the progress（一个虚构的见证者）helps turn a long narrative into an interesting one → makes a long story interesting（帮助把长篇叙事变成有趣的故事）

句式解析

Yet properly understood, the age of electricity is merely the second stage in the age of steam, which began a century earlier.（过去分词作状语 + which 非限制性定语从句）译文：然而，若正确理解，电气时代仅仅是蒸汽时代的第二阶段，蒸汽时代在一个世纪前就开始了。

"It is curious that no one has put together a history of both the steam and electric revolutions," writes Maury Klein in his book The Power Makers.（It is curious that 主语从句 + 倒装引述）译文：“奇怪的是，没有人把蒸汽革命和电气革命的历史放在一起写，”莫里·克莱因在他的书《动力制造者》中写道。

To frame his story, Klein creates the character of Ned, a fictional witness to the progress brought about by the steams and electric revolutions in America during one man's lifetime.（不定式作目的状语 + 同位语 + 过去分词作后置定语）译文：为了构建他的故事，克莱因创造了内德这个角色，一个虚构的见证者，见证美国蒸汽和电气革命在一个人一生中带来的进步。

（二十二）2021年6月高考英语新1卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

lawyer /ˈlɔɪə/ n. 律师spare time 业余时间on stage 在舞台上pianist /ˈpiənɪst/ n. 钢琴家page turner 翻谱者trained /treɪnd/ adj. 受过训练的read music 识谱performance /pəˈfɔːməns/ n. 演出chairman /ˈtʃeəmən/ n. 主席official /əˈfɪʃl/ adj. 官方的score /skɔː/ n. 乐谱break the flow 打断流动nervous /ˈnɜːvəs/ adj. 紧张的instrument /ˈɪnstrəmənt/ n. 乐器skill /skɪl/ n. 技能repeat /rɪˈpiːt/ n. 重复段spot /spɒt/ n. 位置require /rɪˈkwaɪə/ v. 需要practice /ˈpræktɪs/ n. 练习silent /ˈsaɪlənt/ adj. 无声的communication /kəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃn/ n. 交流nod /nɒd/ v. 点头indicate /ˈɪndɪkeɪt/ v. 示意go wrong 出错draft wind 气流spare pages 备用页面stand /stænd/ n. 谱架catch /kætʃ/ v. 抓住up-and-coming 崭露头角的concert pianist 音乐会钢琴家worst /wɜːst/ adj. 最差的demanding /dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ/ adj. 要求高的

熟词生义

spare：常见义“空闲的”，文中义“备用的”score：常见义“分数”，文中义“乐谱”spot：常见义“地点”，文中义“位置”stand：常见义“站立”，文中义“谱架”demanding：常见义“要求高的”，文中义“要求高的”

同义替换

by day, Robert Titterton is a lawyer → during the day, he works as a lawyer（白天，他是一名律师）in his spare time he goes on stage → in his free time he performs on stage（业余时间他上台）not as a musician but as her page turner → not to play music but to turn pages（不是作为音乐家，而是作为翻谱者）I've learnt to read music → I have learned to read scores（我学会了识谱）has been the group's official page turner → has served as the group's official page turner（一直是该团的官方翻谱者）so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound → so the musician need not interrupt the music（这样音乐家就不必打断声音的流动）he became just as nervous as those playing instruments → he got as nervous as the musicians（他变得和演奏乐器的人一样紧张）a lot of skills are needed for the job → the job requires many skills（这份工作需要很多技能）make sure you don't turn two pages at once → be sure not to turn two pages together（确保不会一次翻两页）find the repeats in the music → locate the repeated parts（找到音乐中的重复段）being a page turner requires plenty of practice → turning pages needs a lot of practice（成为翻谱者需要大量练习）silent onstage communication is key → quiet communication on stage is crucial（台上的无声交流是关键）each pianist has their own style of nodding → every pianist has a unique way of nodding（每位钢琴家都有自己独特的点头方式）there are moments when things go wrong → sometimes things go wrong（有时会出错）I was able to catch them and put them back → I managed to catch them and return them（我能够抓住它们并把它们放回去）my husband is the worst page turner → my husband is the worst at turning pages（我丈夫是最差的翻谱者）he's interested in the music, feeling every note → he is absorbed in the music, feeling every note（他对音乐很感兴趣，感受每一个音符）Robert is the best page turner I've had → Robert is the best page turner I have ever had（罗伯特是我遇到过的最好的翻谱者）

句式解析

"I'm not a trained musician, but I've learnt to read music so I can help Maria in her performance."（but 转折 + so 目的状语从句）译文：“我不是受过训练的音乐家，但我学会了识谱，这样我就能在玛丽亚的演出中帮助她。”

His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.（不定式作表语 + so 目的状语从句 + by doing）译文：他的工作是坐在钢琴家旁边，翻动乐谱的页面，这样音乐家就不必自己翻谱而打断声音的流动。

Being a page turner requires plenty of practice.（动名词作主语 + require）译文：成为一名翻谱者需要大量练习。

（二十三）2021年6月高考英语新2卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

keeper /ˈkiːpə/ n. 饲养员tiger cub 老虎幼崽make it to adulthood 活到成年round-the-clock 全天候的look forward to 期待mobile /ˈməʊbaɪl/ adj. 好动的contain /kənˈteɪn/ v. 关住mischief /ˈmɪstʃɪf/ n. 调皮捣蛋turn upside down 弄得天翻地覆intense /ɪnˈtens/ adj. 紧张的production line 流水线tiger milk 老虎奶baby bottle 婴儿奶瓶grateful /ˈɡreɪtfl/ adj. 感激的fence /fens/ n. 栅栏part with 与……分别disappointed /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/ adj. 失望的hands-on /ˌhændz ˈɒn/ adj. 亲手的fondly /ˈfɒndli/ adv. 深情地risk /rɪsk/ n. 风险tiring /ˈtaɪərɪŋ/ adj. 累人的

熟词生义

keeper：常见义“保持者”，文中义“饲养员”contain：常见义“包含”，文中义“关住”mischief：常见义“恶作剧”，文中义“调皮捣蛋”part with：常见义“分开”，文中义“与……分别”hands-on：常见义“动手的”，文中义“亲手的”

同义替换

I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo → I have been an animal keeper（我在国家动物园做饲养员）Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs that have ever been born here → they are the first tiger cubs born at the zoo（它们是这里出生的第一对老虎幼崽）a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood → one third of Sumatran cubs in zoos die before growing up（动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊虎崽活不到成年）I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home → I chose to take care of them at home day and night（我决定在家里给它们全天候的照顾）all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives → we all eagerly expected to share their lives（我们所有人都真的期待成为它们生活的一部分）I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home → I was not concerned about taking them home（我并不担心把它们带回家）there was absolutely no risk → there was no danger at all（绝对没有风险）we had to contain them in a large room → we had to keep them in a big room（我们不得不把它们关在一个大房间里）they'd get up to mischief → they would behave badly（它们会调皮捣蛋）we'd find they'd turned the room upside down → we would discover they had made a mess（我们会发现它们把房间弄得天翻地覆）things quickly got very intense → things soon became very stressful（事情很快变得非常紧张）I just felt extremely tired → I felt very exhausted（我只是感到极度疲惫）my family was there to help → my family helped me（我的家人在那里帮忙）we had to have a bit of a production line going → we had to work like an assembly line（我们不得不有点像流水线一样运作）it was hard for us to finally part with them → saying goodbye was difficult（最终与它们分别对我们来说很难）Kynan was always a bit disappointed → Kynan was somewhat sad（凯南总是有点失望）I'm not sad about it → I don't feel sad about it（我对此并不难过）I do look back very fondly on the time → I remember the time with great affection（我确实非常深情地回顾那段时光）

句式解析

Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.（so 结果状语从句 + decide to do + give sb. sth.）译文：在全球范围内，动物园里三分之一的苏门答腊虎崽活不到成年，所以我决定在家里给它们全天候的照顾。

As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief.（As 时间状语从句 + let sb. do + but 转折 + when 时间状语从句 + otherwise）译文：随着它们变得更加好动，我们白天让它们在家里自由活动，但当我们睡觉时，我们不得不把它们关在一个大房间里，否则它们会调皮捣蛋。

For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there.（that 宾语从句）译文：最初几天，凯南总是因为幼崽不在而有点失望。

（二十四）2021年6月高考英语全国甲卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

reserve /rɪˈzɜːv/ n. 保护区breeding programme 繁育项目rare /reə/ adj. 稀有的black rhino calf 黑犀牛幼崽delighted /dɪˈlaɪtɪd/ adj. 高兴的captivity /kæpˈtɪvəti/ n. 圈养rhino section 犀牛部门absolutely /ˈæbsəluːtli/ adv. 绝对地eager /ˈiːɡə/ adj. 渴望的explore /ɪkˈsplɔː/ v. 探索first-time mum 第一次当妈妈fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj. 极好的have no doubt 毫不怀疑adorable /əˈdɔːrəbl/ adj. 可爱的female /ˈfiːmeɪl/ adj. 雌性的candidate /ˈkændɪdət/ n. 候选者protected area 保护区critically endangered 极度濒危World Wildlife Fund 世界自然基金会status /ˈsteɪtəs/ n. 地位

熟词生义

reserve：常见义“预订”，文中义“保护区”section：常见义“部分”，文中义“部门”status：常见义“状态”，文中义“地位”candidate：常见义“候选人”，文中义“候选者”fantastic：常见义“极好的”，文中义“极好的”

同义替换

has welcomed the arrival of a rare black rhino calf → has celebrated the birth of a rare baby rhino（迎来一头珍稀黑犀牛幼崽的诞生）she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve → she was the 40th black rhino born there（她成为该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛）officials were delighted with the new arrival → staff were happy about the new baby（官员们对这位新来者感到高兴）black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity → black rhinos are famous for being hard to breed in zoos（黑犀牛以难以圈养繁殖而闻名）we're all absolutely delighted to welcome another calf → we are all extremely happy to welcome another baby（我们都非常高兴欢迎又一头幼崽）she's healthy, strong and already eager to play → she is healthy, strong and ready to play（她健康、强壮，已经渴望玩耍）her mother is doing a fantastic job → her mother is doing very well（她的母亲做得非常出色）it's still a little too cold for them to go out into the open → it is still a bit too cold for them to go outside（现在对它们来说出去到户外还有点太冷）I have no doubt that the little one will be out and about → I am sure the baby will be outside（我毫不怀疑这个小家伙会出去）it is too early to tell if the calves will make good candidates → it is too soon to know if the babies will be suitable（现在判断这些幼崽是否能成为合适候选者还为时过早）to be returned to protected areas of the wild → to be sent back to protected wild areas（被送回野外保护区）the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500 → the number of black rhinos worldwide has fallen to 5,500（全球黑犀牛数量已降至5500头）giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status → making them "critically endangered"（使它们处于“极度濒危”状态）

句式解析

When the tiny creature arrived on January 31, she became the 40th black rhino to be born at the reserve.（When 时间状语从句 + 不定式作后置定语）译文：当这个微小的生灵于1月31日到来时，她成为该保护区出生的第40头黑犀牛。

And officials at Port Lympne were delighted with the new arrival, especially as black rhinos are known for being difficult to breed in captivity.（be delighted with + especially as 原因状语从句 + be known for + 动名词）译文：波特·林普恩的官员们对这位新来者感到高兴，尤其是因为黑犀牛以难以圈养繁殖而闻名。

According to the World Wildlife Fund, the global black rhino population has dropped as low as 5500, giving the rhinos a "critically endangered" status.（According to + 现在完成时 + 现在分词作结果状语）译文：根据世界自然基金会的说法，全球黑犀牛数量已降至低至5500头，使犀牛处于“极度濒危”状态。

（二十五）2021年6月高考英语全国乙卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

mobile phone 手机landline /ˈlændlaɪn/ n. 座机hard pressed 很难的practically /ˈpræktɪkli/ adv. 几乎survey /ˈsɜːveɪ/ n. 调查concede /kənˈsiːd/ v. 承认security blanket 安全保障emergency /ɪˈmɜːdʒənsi/ n. 紧急情况category /ˈkætəɡəri/ n. 类别stick with 坚持factor /ˈfæktə/ n. 因素Generation Y Y世代Baby Boomer 婴儿潮一代makeup /ˈmeɪkʌp/ n. 构成Generation Xer X世代convenient /kənˈviːniənt/ adj. 方便的to be honest 说实话Caller ID 来电显示take the fun out of 使失去乐趣attached /əˈtætʃt/ adj. 依恋的go the way of 走……的老路gas street lamp 煤气路灯milk delivery 送奶

熟词生义

concede：常见义“让步”，文中义“承认”makeup：常见义“化妆”，文中义“构成”attached：常见义“附着的”，文中义“依恋的”go the way of：常见义“走……的路”，文中义“像……一样消失”practically：常见义“实际上”，文中义“几乎”

同义替换

almost everyone has a mobile phone → nearly everyone owns a phone（几乎每个人都有一部手机）more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline → over 50% of Australian households still pay for a landline（超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍在为座机付费）you'd be hard pressed to find anyone over the age of 15 who doesn't own a mobile phone → it is difficult to find anyone over 15 without a phone（很难找到15岁以上没有手机的人）plenty of younger kids have one in their pocket → many younger children carry one（许多更小的孩子口袋里也有一部）practically everyone can make and receive calls anywhere, anytime → almost everyone can call and answer anywhere, anytime（几乎每个人都可以随时随地拨打和接听电话）55 percent of Australians have a landline phone at home → 55% of Australians still have a home phone（55%的澳大利亚人家中有座机）a third concede that it's not really necessary → one third admit it is not really needed（三分之一承认它并非真正必要）they're keeping it as a security blanket → they keep it for safety（他们把它当作安全保障）19 percent say they never use it → 19% say they never use it（19%的人说他们从不使用它）a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies → another 13% keep it for emergencies（另有13%的人留着它以防紧急情况）age is naturally a factor → age is certainly one reason（年龄自然是一个因素）compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers → in contrast to 84% of Baby Boomers（与84%的婴儿潮一代相比）the makeup of your household → the composition of your family（你家庭的构成）can still find it convenient to have a home phone → still find a home phone convenient（仍然觉得有家庭电话很方便）to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents → honestly, only our Baby Boomer parents call our home phone（说实话，唯一会打我们家电话的人是我们婴儿潮一代的父母）how attached are you to your landline → how much do you depend on your landline（你对你的座机有多依赖）how long until they go the way of gas street lamps → how long before they disappear like gas street lamps（它们还要多久就会像煤气路灯一样消失）

句式解析

When almost everyone has a mobile phone, why are more than half of Australian homes still paying for a landline?（When 时间状语从句 + 现在进行时 + 设问句）译文：当几乎每个人都有一部手机时，为什么超过一半的澳大利亚家庭仍在为座机付费？

Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it's not really necessary and they're keeping it as a security blanket.（who 定语从句 + that 宾语从句 + keep... as...）译文：在那些仍有座机的澳大利亚人中，三分之一承认它并非真正必要，他们只是把它当作安全保障。

Age is naturally a factor—only 58 percent of Generation Ys still use landlines now and then, compared to 84 percent of Baby Boomers who've perhaps had the same home number for 50 years.（破折号解释 + compared to 比较 + who 定语从句）译文：年龄自然是一个因素——只有58%的Y世代偶尔还使用座机，而84%的婴儿潮一代可能同一个家庭号码已经用了50年。

（二十六）2021年6月高考英语浙江卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

town /taʊn/ n. 小镇beach /biːtʃ/ n. 海滩neighbourhood /ˈneɪbəhʊd/ n. 社区gather /ˈɡæðə/ v. 聚集screen /skriːm/ n. 屏幕stare at 盯着average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的split /splɪt/ v. 分配organisation /ˌɔːɡənaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 组织come up with 提出counter /ˈkaʊntə/ v. 对抗trend /trend/ n. 趋势film-maker 电影制作人attached to 着迷response /rɪˈspɒns/ n. 回应media type 媒体人appoint /əˈpɔɪnt/ v. 任命marketing director 营销总监document /ˈdɒkjumənt/ v. 记录treat A as B 把A当作Bbrand /brænd/ n. 品牌chart /tʃɑːt/ v. 记录network /ˈnetwɜːk/ n. 网络common goal 共同目标evidence /ˈevɪdəns/ n. 证据suggest /səˈdʒest/ v. 表明inspire /ɪnˈspaɪə/ v. 启发habit /ˈhæbɪt/ n. 习惯send out 送到let sb. play 让某人玩

熟词生义

counter：常见义“柜台”，文中义“对抗”appoint：常见义“任命”，文中义“任命”chart：常见义“图表”，文中义“记录”treat A as B：常见义“对待”，文中义“把A当作B”evidence：常见义“证据”，文中义“证据”

同义替换

there are two parks less than 10 minutes' walk from home → two parks are within a 10-minute walk（离家不到10分钟步行路程有两个公园）what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen → my children want to look at screens after school（我的孩子放学后想拿起屏幕）stare at it for hours → look at it for a long time（盯着它看几个小时）spend an average of four and a half hours a day looking at screens → look at screens for about 4.5 hours a day on average（平均每天花四个半小时看屏幕）an increasing number of people and organisations → more and more people and organizations（越来越多的人和组织）come up with plans to counter this trend → propose ideas to fight this trend（提出对抗这一趋势的计划）were attached to screens to the point where → were so addicted to screens that（对屏幕如此着迷以至于）he was able to say "chocolate" into his three-year-old son's ear without getting a response → he could say "chocolate" into his son's ear and get no reply（他能在三岁儿子耳边说“巧克力”而得不到回应）something needed to change → a change was necessary（需要做出改变）appointed himself "marketing director for Nature" → named himself "marketing director for Nature"（任命自己为“大自然的营销总监”）documented his journey → recorded his journey（记录了他的旅程）treating nature as a brand to be marketed to young people → treating nature as a brand to sell to young people（把大自然当作一个要向年轻人推销的品牌）the result was Project Wild Thing → the outcome was Project Wild Thing（结果就是“野生项目”）a film which charts the birth of the Wild Network → a movie that records the birth of the Wild Network（一部记录“野生网络”诞生的电影）a group of organisations with the common goal of getting children out into nature → organizations sharing the goal of bringing children into nature（一群有着共同目标的组织，让孩子们走进大自然）just five more minutes outdoors can make a difference → even five more minutes outside matters（只要多在户外待五分钟就能产生不同）being outdoors will be a habit for life → outdoor activities will become a lifelong habit（户外活动将成为一生的习惯）we just send them out into the garden → we simply send them into the garden（我们只是把他们送到花园里）there is an amazing world out there → there is a wonderful world outside（外面有一个奇妙的世界）it needs our children as much as they need it → it needs our children just as they need it（它需要我们的孩子，就像我们的孩子需要它一样）

句式解析

However, what my children want to do after school is pick up a screen—any screen—and stare at it for hours.（what 主语从句 + 破折号插入 + 并列谓语）译文：然而，我的孩子们放学后想做的是拿起一个屏幕——任何屏幕——盯着它看几个小时。

He realised that something needed to change, and, being a London media type, appointed himself "marketing director for Nature".（that 宾语从句 + 现在分词作原因状语 + appoint oneself）译文：他意识到需要做出改变，而且，作为一个伦敦媒体人，他任命自己为“大自然的营销总监”。

There is a lot of really interesting evidence which seems to be suggesting that if children are inspired up to the age of seven, then being outdoors will be a habit for life.（which 定语从句 + that 宾语从句 + if 条件状语从句 + 动名词作主语）译文：有很多非常有趣的证据似乎表明，如果孩子们在七岁之前受到启发，那么户外活动将成为一生的习惯。

（二十七）2021年1月浙江省首考英语卷-阅读B篇

高频高级词

engineer /ˌendʒɪˈnɪə/ n. 工程师prediction /prɪˈdɪkʃn/ n. 预测population growth 人口增长mobile phone 手机increasing height 身高增加close to the mark 接近准确physical activity 体力活动overweight /ˌəʊvəˈweɪt/ adj. 超重的decline /dɪˈklaɪn/ n. 下降pressed for time 时间紧迫car-dependent 依赖汽车的public transport 公共交通deprivation /ˌdeprɪˈveɪʃn/ n. 剥夺well-being /ˌwel ˈbiːɪŋ/ n. 福祉lost opportunities 失去的机会surroundings /səˈraʊndɪŋz/ n. 环境scholar /ˈskɒlə/ n. 学童friendship /ˈfrendʃɪp/ n. 友谊limit /ˈlɪmɪt/ n. 界限parental /pəˈrentl/ adj. 父母的rare /reə/ adj. 难得的primary school 小学walking school-bus route 步行校车路线parent-accompanied 家长陪同的tough /tʌf/ adj. 艰难的running shoes 跑鞋umbrella /ʌmˈbrelə/ n. 雨伞worth trying 值得尝试

熟词生义

mark：常见义“标记”，文中义“close to the mark 接近准确”pressed：常见义“按压”，文中义“pressed for time 时间紧迫”scholar：常见义“学者”，文中义“学童”coin：常见义“硬币”，文中义“the other side of the coin 硬币的另一面”deprivation：常见义“剥夺”，文中义“剥夺”

同义替换

made predictions about life today → predicted what life would be like today（对今天的生活做出了预测）his predictions were close to the mark → his predictions were quite accurate（他的预测相当准确）he was wrong in one prediction → he got one prediction wrong（他有一个预测错了）everybody would walk 10 miles a day → everyone would walk ten miles daily（每个人都会每天步行10英里）most children fall 2,000 steps short of the physical activity they need → most children do 2,000 steps less than needed（大多数儿童比所需体力活动少2000步）40 per cent of children walked to school → 40% of children went to school on foot（40%的儿童步行上学）the decline is not because we have all become lazy → the drop is not due to laziness（这种下降并不是因为我们都变得懒惰了）families are pressed for time → families have little time（家庭时间紧张）living in car-dependent neighborhoods → living in areas where cars are necessary（住在依赖汽车的社区）the other side of the coin is equally a deprivation → the other side is also a loss（硬币的另一面同样是剥夺）lost opportunities for children to get to know their local surroundings → missed chances for children to learn about their area（孩子们了解当地环境的机会的丧失）for parents there are lost opportunities to walk and talk with their young scholar → parents lose the chance to walk and talk with their child（父母失去了与孩子散步交谈的机会）most parents will have eagerly asked their child about their day → most parents ask their child about their day（大多数父母会问孩子今天过得怎么样）only to meet with a "good" → but only get a "good"（却只得到一个“很好”）this is also my experience as a mother → I have had the same experience（这也是我作为母亲的经历）somewhere over the daily walk more about my son's day comes out → during the walk, more about my son's day is revealed（在散步中，关于我儿子一天的事情会更多地流露出来）I hear him making sense of friendship and its limits → I hear him understanding friendship and its boundaries（我听他理解友谊及其界限）this is the unexpected and rare parental opportunity to hear more → this is a rare chance for parents to hear more（这是父母意想不到的、难得的机会，能听到更多）many primary schools support walking school-bus routes → many primary schools encourage walking bus routes（许多小学支持步行校车路线）doing just one of these a few times a week is better than nothing → doing one of these a few times weekly is better than nothing（每周做几次其中的一次总比什么都不做好）it can be tough to begin → starting can be difficult（开始可能很难）it's certainly worth trying → it is definitely worth a try（肯定值得一试）

句式解析

His predictions about slowing population growth, mobile phones and increasing height were close to the mark.（about 介词短语作后置定语 + be close to the mark）译文：他关于人口增长放缓、手机和身高增加的预测相当准确。

Today, in Australia, most children on average fall 2,000 steps short of the physical activity they need to avoid being overweight.（fall short of + 省略关系词的定语从句 + avoid doing）译文：今天，在澳大利亚，大多数儿童平均比避免超重所需的体力活动少2000步。

It can be tough to begin and takes a little planning—running shoes by the front door, lunches made the night before, umbrellas on rainy days and hats on hot ones—but it's certainly worth trying.（形式主语 it + 不定式作真正主语 + 破折号列举 + but 转折 + be worth doing）译文：开始可能很难，需要一点计划——跑鞋放在前门，午餐在前一晚做好，雨天带伞，热天戴帽子——但肯定值得一试。