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CATTI英语二级笔译模拟试题6
英语二级笔译模拟试卷 6
《笔译综合能力》、《笔译实务》
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第 一 部 分词汇与语法（1—60 题，每题 1 分，共 60 分）
下面每题给出的四个选项中，只有一个符合题意，请选出正确选项。
1. In the first half of 2026, the marine economy ______ 7.9 percent of China's GDP.
A. account of
B. accounting for
C. accounts from
D. accounted for
2. Rural delivery networks ______ the vitality of the domestic consumer market.
A. contribute to
B. contributing to
C. contributes to
D. contributed to
3. If the flood warning ______ issued earlier, more residents could have been evacuated in time.
A. has been
B. had been
C. would be
D. was
4. Hardly ______ the delivery drone take off when it disappeared into the fog.
A. did
B. does
C. had
D. has
5. Only through shared county-level depots ______ rural routes financially viable.
A. do they become
B. they become
C. they will become
D. they do become
6. Not only ______ the network reach every village, but it also cuts transit times.
A. has
B. does
C. is
D. do
7. ________ by surging online orders, express companies hired thousands of couriers before the peak season.
A. Propel
B. Propelling
C. Propelled
D. To propel
8. With parcel volumes rising sharply, more workers are needed ______ the peak-season rush.
A. handling
B. having handled
C. handled
D. to handle
9. The county, ______ 30 new service stations opened last year, now handles 50,000 parcels a day.
A. what
B. where
C. that
D. which
10. Parcel volumes hit a record high, ______ drew the attention of policymakers.
A. that
B. this
C. which
D. what
11. Neither the rising volumes nor the changing price structure ______ the operators' dilemma.
A. to describe
B. describe
C. describing
D. describes
12. By the end of August 2026, sector revenue ______ 1.03 trillion yuan.
A. had reached
B. will reach
C. has reached
D. reaches
13. The central No. 1 document called ______ coordinated use of passenger, transport and mail resources.
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. on
14. The new locker stands allow villagers to collect parcels ______ leaving their villages.
A. although
B. since
C. unless
D. without
15. The new pricing rules have had a measurable ______ on per-parcel revenue.
A. effect
B. affect
C. affection
D. effective
16. Express volumes ______ to more than 150 billion parcels by late September.
A. arose
B. rose
C. risen
D. raised
17. Delivery firms are urged to ______ shared distribution models in remote counties.
A. addict
B. adhere
C. adept
D. adopt
18. Automated sorting lines ______ manual couriers during the peak season rather than replace them.
A. complement
B. complicate
C. comply
D. compliment
19. If I ______ in charge of the village service station, I would extend the pickup hours.
A. would be
B. were
C. will be
D. am
20. The dispatcher talks as if he ______ the entire route map by heart.
A. has known
B. knows
C. knew
D. will know
21. Warehouse layouts are being ______ to the needs of live-streaming commerce.
A. tailored
B. tailors
C. tailoring
D. tailor
22. ________ the 'express delivery to villages' pilot, transit times in some counties fell by 16 hours.
A. In charge of
B. In the wake of
C. In spite of
D. In excess of
23. In 2025, China's express industry ______ 198.95 billion parcels.
A. will handle
B. handles
C. handled
D. has handled
24. ________ the last-mile bottleneck, counties built more than 1,200 distribution centers.
A. Having eased
B. Easing
C. Eased
D. To ease
25. The mountain village, ______ residents once walked miles for a parcel, now has smart lockers.
A. whose
B. where
C. that
D. which
26. A number of automated sorting centers ______ come into service since June.
A. has
B. to have
C. have
D. having
27. The number of villages with daily delivery ______ steadily over the past year.
A. are rising
B. rise
C. have risen
D. has risen
28. Delivery companies ______ unmanned vehicles in more than 200 cities at present.
A. are deploying
B. deploy
C. have deployed
D. deployed
29. The national delivery network now covers ______ 250,000 routes.
A. onto
B. toward
C. over
D. under
30. Firms are using smart lockers to ______ the thin economics of rural routes.
A. shut off
B. show up
C. shore in
D. shore up
31. The ______ of rural delivery services depends on stable pricing and policy support.
A. sustainability
B. sustaining
C. sustain
D. sustained
32. It is shared sorting centers ______ cut rural logistics costs in the first place.
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. what
33. It is high time the industry ______ an end to ruinous price competition.
A. will call
B. calls
C. is calling
D. called
34. Only when the delivery network reaches every village ______ rural e-commerce fully develop.
A. can
B. is
C. has
D. does
35. ________ more than 150 billion parcels this year, the industry set a new record.
A. Shipped
B. Having shipped
C. Ships
D. Shipping
36. Rural e-commerce has opened channels ______ farm produce reaches the cities.
A. what
B. that
C. through which
D. which
37. Express revenue ______ faster than parcel volumes since the anti-involution campaign began.
A. has grown
B. grew
C. is growing
D. grows
38. The village logistics projects fully ______ the goals of the central No. 1 document.
A. aligns with
B. align with
C. aligning with
D. aligned with
39. ________ a mild slowdown in order growth, full-year volumes still beat forecasts.
A. Despite of
B. Because
C. Despite
D. Although
40. The ______ milestone of 150 billion parcels arrived twelve days earlier than in 2025.
A. historical
B. permanent
C. formerly
D. historic
41. Remote routes ______ by public funds in sparsely populated areas.
A. are subsidizing
B. are subsidized
C. have subsidized
D. subsidize
42. But for the shared distribution center, the village ______ cut off every winter.
A. will be
B. can be
C. would be
D. shall be
43. The sorting hub, ______ which three expressways converge, operates around the clock.
A. by
B. in
C. on
D. at
44. Each of the 427,000 village service stations ______ a standard set of procedures.
A. has
B. to have
C. have
D. having
45. By the time the new expressway opens, the county ______ its first air-cargo route.
A. launches
B. has launched
C. will have launched
D. launched
46. Drone delivery is ______ the way for medical supplies in remote mountain areas.
A. paved
B. to pave
C. paves
D. paving
47. Shared delivery models help ______ steady incomes for rural couriers.
A. ensure
B. reassure
C. insure
D. assure
48. Couriers are trained to deal ______ customer complaints politely and efficiently.
A. on
B. with
C. at
D. about
49. While the drones ______ parcels over the ridge, a sudden storm hit the valley.
A. deliver
B. delivered
C. have delivered
D. were delivering
50. County infrastructure must ______ the boom in rural e-commerce.
A. keep pace with
B. keep the pace
C. pace along with
D. keep in pace with
51. There ______ no shortcut to building a nationwide cold-chain network.
A. being
B. is
C. be
D. are
52. The township added 300 pickup points, ______ doubling its daily parcel throughput.
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. it
53. Some couriers ______ overtime during Double 11 last year, the survey shows.
A. must have worked
B. must worked
C. must be working
D. must work
54. The routing algorithm ______ weather and traffic conditions into account.
A. taken
B. takes
C. taking
D. take
55. The report shows ______ shared delivery can cut rural logistics costs by nearly a fifth.
A. whether
B. what
C. that
D. which
56. Unit prices have ______ since operators pledged to end involutionary competition.
A. rebound
B. rebounding
C. to rebound
D. rebounded
57. The autumn parcel peak ______ the harvest season in many counties.
A. coincided by
B. coincides with
C. coincides
D. coincident with
58. The postal regulator has not yet decided ______ to expand the postal backstop pilot.
A. what
B. that
C. whether
D. which
59. Since the pilot began, average delivery time to the remotest township ______ from three days to one.
A. falling
B. fell
C. falls
D. has fallen
60. Falling logistics costs ______ rural consumption and farmers' incomes.
A. stimulate
B. stimulates
C. stimulating
D. to stimulate
第 二 部 分阅读理解（61—90 题，每题 1 分，共 30 分）
下面有 五 篇短文，每篇短文后有若干个问题。请根据短文内容，从每题给出的四个选项中选出一个正确选项。
Passage One
Once known mainly for following pioneers' leads, China's drug industry is increasingly writing its own scripts. According to figures released by the National Medical Products Administration, the total value of Chinese innovative-drug out-licensing deals topped US$120 billion in 2026, up 36 percent year on year, with upfront payments alone exceeding US$10 billion. In the first half of the year, out-licensing approached US$110 billion—about eight-tenths of the whole of 2025 and more than twice the total for 2024.
The quality shift is as striking as the money. Regulators approved 38 innovative drugs in the first half, eleven of which acted on entirely new targets and mechanisms, and all eleven were homegrown. The review timeline for clinical-trial applications has been cut from 60 working days to 30. At the 2026 ASCO annual meeting, Chinese researchers won 94 oral-presentation slots and 12 late-breaking abstracts, both records. Hengrui's innovative-drug revenue reached 4.526 billion yuan in the first quarter, up 25.75 percent and, for the first time, above 60 percent of its total drug sales.
Markets have noticed. Steffen Erlich, global president of Bayer's prescription medicines division, has called China 'a source of innovation' for global biopharma. Analysts caution, however, that old habits die hard: among the 59 innovative drugs approved so this year, only 13 were first-in-class drugs acting on new targets or mechanisms. The task ahead, one regulator put it, is to move from follow-and-copy to original leadership.
61. Which of the following best states the main idea of the passage?
A. Chinese drugmakers have overtaken their Western rivals in every field
B. Clinical trials in China have become the slowest in the world
C. China's drug industry is shifting from follow-and-copy to original innovation
D. Global pharmaceutical firms are withdrawing from the Chinese market
62. How much did innovative-drug out-licensing total in 2026?
A. About US$135.7 billion
B. About US$10 billion
C. About US$110 billion
D. About US$120 billion
63. The review timeline for clinical-trial applications has been reduced to ______.
A. 30 working days
B. 4 months
C. 15 months
D. 60 working days
64. What can be inferred from Bayer's praise of China?
A. China's generic drug industry has collapsed
B. Multinational firms now treat China as an innovation hub for drug R&D
C. Foreign companies no longer import medicines from China
D. Bayer has decided to stop developing its own drugs
65. As used in the passage, 'follow-and-copy' most probably means ______.
A. following doctors' prescriptions closely
B. reprinting clinical trial reports
C. copying the packaging of imported medicines
D. imitating drugs already developed elsewhere rather than pioneering new ones
66. All of the following are cited as evidence of rising R&D quality EXCEPT ______.
A. A nationwide ban on generic medicines
B. A record number of ASCO oral reports
C. A shortened clinical-trial review timeline
D. Out-licensing deals worth over US$120 billion
Passage Two
From village football festivals to professional tennis, sport is becoming a serious business in China. The National Sports General Administration's 15th Five-Year Plan sets the sports industry's target scale above 7 trillion yuan by 2030, up from 3.8 trillion yuan in 2024 and requiring compound annual growth of 10.52 percent. Worldwide, the sports economy is projected to expand from about US$2.3 trillion in 2025 to US$3.7 trillion in 2030.
Events are the engine. The 2026 China Open stretched to a record four weeks; attendance topped 270,000, up 37 percent year on year, and by October 4 on-site consumption exceeded 32 million yuan, with licensed merchandise nearing 22 million yuan. In Jiangsu, the first 16 rounds of the provincial Super League generated 9.15 billion yuan in sales among 1,000 monitored firms, up 8.0 percent, drawing 53.32 million visits. Rongjiang's village super league in Guizhou featured 137 village teams and more than 520 matches, and its accompanying festival attracted about 5.06 million visitors, up 7.2 percent. The first Northeast Super League final drew 63,259 spectators, a record for an amateur football match in China.
Economists stress the multiplier: one yuan of ticket income can trigger more than seven yuan of related spending on travel, food and merchandise—the so-called ticket-stub economy. Grassroots matches, officials argue, punch above their weight, turning small towns into weekend destinations and giving domestic brands a stage once reserved for imported events.
67. According to the Plan, the sports industry is targeted to exceed ______ by 2030.
A. US$3.7 trillion
B. 7 trillion yuan
C. US$2.3 trillion
D. 3.8 trillion yuan
68. Which detail about the 2026 China Open is correct?
A. It was moved from Beijing to Shanghai
B. It lasted only one week as before
C. Its schedule was extended to four weeks and drew over 270,000 visits
D. Ticket revenue fell by 37 percent
69. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Sports events are powering a fast-growing event economy in China
B. The government plans to reduce sports funding
C. Chinese football clubs are buying foreign players
D. Ticket prices at tennis tournaments keep rising
70. It can be inferred from the 1:7 multiplier that ______.
A. tickets have become unaffordable for most consumers
B. grassroots events generate far more spending than their ticket sales suggest
C. tennis generates seven times more than football
D. event organizers mainly profit from merchandise
71. The phrase 'ticket-stub economy' as used here refers to ______.
A. a tax levied on ticket sales
B. discounts offered to season-ticket holders
C. spending on travel, food and goods triggered by attending an event
D. collecting used tickets as souvenirs
72. According to the passage, the Northeast Super League final ______.
A. attracted 5.06 million visitors to Guizhou
B. sold 9.15 billion yuan of goods
C. was played over four weeks
D. drew 63,259 spectators, a record for Chinese amateur football
Passage Three
Autumn crops account for about three-quarters of China's annual grain harvest, which is why the sector's fortunes hinge on the late season. Official figures put the 2025 national grain output at 1.43 trillion jin (roughly 715 million tonnes), the second straight year above the 1.4 trillion jin threshold, leaving per-capita grain availability comfortably above 500 kilograms. The 15th Five-Year Plan targets a comprehensive grain production capacity of around 1.45 trillion jin.
Protecting the crop takes money and organization. The central government earmarked 1.331 billion yuan to support spray operations that help autumn fields withstand adversity and pests, while the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs organized a 100-day campaign of field management and disaster countermeasures. High-standard farmland has topped 1 billion mu nationwide, and independently bred crop varieties cover more than 95 percent of sown area, both underpinned by the 18-billion-mu farmland protection red line, a floor for acreage that may never be crossed.
Yield, not acreage, is the new frontier. In Dezhou, Shandong, the country's first large-area 'ton-and-a-half grain' demonstration zone—so named because two seasons of wheat and maize together yield more than 1.5 tonnes per mu—shows what better seeds, agronomy and machinery can do. Officials say the emphasis has shifted from expanding fields to raising per-mu yield, a strategy summed up as relying on land and technology as the foundation of grain production.
73. How much did the central government earmark to support autumn crop protection?
A. 13.31 billion yuan
B. 1.331 billion yuan
C. 133.1 million yuan
D. 331 million yuan
74. The 'ton-and-a-half grain' zone is named because ______.
A. the zone spans 1,500 mu of farmland
B. farmers sell grain for 1,500 yuan per tonne
C. two seasons of wheat and maize yield over 1.5 tonnes per mu
D. it harvests 1.5 tonnes per day
75. What is the passage mainly concerned with?
A. How urban expansion reduces farmland
B. Why summer wheat output is declining
C. How to import grain from abroad cheaply
D. How China safeguards and boosts its autumn grain harvest
76. It can be inferred from the passage that China intends to increase grain output mainly by ______.
A. raising yields on existing farmland
B. relying on larger imports
C. plowing more land
D. shrinking the farmland red line
77. The 'farmland protection red line' most probably refers to ______.
A. a price floor set for grain purchases
B. an experimental planting technique
C. a minimum area of farmland that must not be reduced
D. a boundary drawn around demonstration zones
78. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a measure to ensure grain security?
A. Earmarking central fiscal funds
B. A 100-day field-management campaign
C. Building high-standard farmland
D. Expanding grain imports on a large scale
Passage Four
Renminbi internationalization is being built as much in debt markets as in trade. Cumulative issuance of Panda bonds—renminbi-denominated bonds issued in China's onshore market by foreign institutions—has exceeded 1.3 trillion yuan, with issuers from 26 countries and regions across five continents; in the first half of 2026 alone, issuance topped 160 billion yuan, up 69 percent. Offshore, dim sum bond issuance reached 896.1 billion yuan in the first six months, up 94.4 percent, while the stock of offshore renminbi bonds stands at about 2.5 trillion yuan and offshore deposits at roughly 1.8 trillion yuan.
Settlement data tell the same story. From January to July 2026, cross-border renminbi receipts and payments exceeded 50 trillion yuan, of which goods trade accounted for more than 9 trillion yuan—about three-tenths of total cross-border receipts and payments in both currencies. The renminbi's share in cross-border payments reached 52.9 percent in the first half, 1.3 percentage points higher than in 2025. By the end of June, 1,200 foreign institutions had entered the domestic interbank bond market, holding 3.2 trillion yuan in bonds and 4.7 trillion yuan in equities.
Infrastructure keeps pace. CIPS, the cross-border interbank payment system, processed 100.9 trillion yuan in the first half, up 11.9 percent, and now reaches 192 countries and regions through more than 5,200 banking institutions. Renminbi clearing banks operate in 36 countries, over 80 economies hold the currency in their reserves, and 33 bilateral local-currency swap agreements worth 4.6 trillion yuan are in force. For Beijing, the aim is not 'de-dollarization' but redundancy: a parallel plumbing that lets trade and investment flow even when other channels seize up.
79. Cumulative Panda bond issuance has reached ______.
A. over 1.3 trillion yuan
B. 50 trillion yuan
C. 896.1 billion yuan
D. over 160 billion yuan
80. Panda bond issuers come from ______.
A. 192 countries served by CIPS
B. 26 countries and regions across five continents
C. 80 economies holding renminbi reserves
D. 36 countries with clearing banks
81. Which best summarizes the passage?
A. China has halted all dollar-denominated trade
B. The yuan has replaced the dollar in global trade
C. Foreign institutions have sold out of Chinese bonds
D. Renminbi's international role is expanding through both onshore and offshore markets
82. It can be inferred from the passage that offshore renminbi bonds are ______.
A. growing fast, with issuance nearly doubling year on year
B. limited to a single European market
C. guaranteed by the Chinese government
D. declining as investors flee to dollars
83. A 'Panda bond', as explained in the passage, is ______.
A. a dim sum bond traded in Hong Kong
B. a renminbi bond issued in China's onshore market by foreign institutions
C. a Chinese bond issued in London
D. a foreign-currency bond held by the central bank
84. In the first half of 2026, CIPS handled ______.
A. 156 trillion yuan of payments
B. 50 trillion yuan of payments
C. 100.9 trillion yuan of payments
D. 1.22 trillion yuan of payments
Passage Five
China has long led the world in patent filings; the question now is turning paper into productivity. By the end of June 2026, domestic valid invention patents reached 5.394 million, making China the first country above 5 million, while high-value invention patents stood at 2.36 million—16.8 per 10,000 people, already above the 14th Five-Year Plan's target of 16. Patent-intensive industries added more than 18 trillion yuan, or 13.38 percent of GDP, up from 11.97 percent in 2020.
The commercialization campaign focuses on dormant portfolios. A stock-taking exercise covered 1.349 million stock patents held by more than 2,700 universities and research institutes. Nationwide, record-filing of patent assignments and licences reached 1.458 million cases, 48 percent higher than before the campaign, with universities and institutes up 105.6 percent. Contracts involving patents were worth more than 1 trillion yuan, and IP-pledged financing has exceeded 900 billion yuan in cumulative lending. Average examination time for invention patents has been cut from 20 months to 15, among the fastest under any major examination system.
Companies, not campuses, hold most of the portfolio: 574,000 firms own 4.254 million valid invention patents, or 74.8 percent of the domestic total, and patents held by firms in strategic emerging industries account for more than 70 percent of high-value patents. The next step, officials say, is to move patents from ledgers into factories—so that a rising count of patents shows up as a rising tide of productivity.
85. Patent-intensive industries accounted for ______ of China's GDP.
A. 13.38 percent
B. 16.8 percent
C. 74.8 percent
D. 11.97 percent
86. The stock-taking exercise covered ______.
A. 4.254 million corporate patents
B. 1.349 million stock patents of over 2,700 institutions
C. 1.458 million licence record-filings
D. 5.394 million valid invention patents
87. The phrase 'stock patents' most probably means patents that ______.
A. are traded on the stock exchange
B. have expired and been discarded
C. are held in stock but not yet commercialized
D. are used only in teaching
88. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Chinese firms have stopped filing new patents
B. Universities now hold fewer patents than before
C. Patent examination has become slower than before
D. China is pushing to convert its huge patent stock into real productivity
89. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.
A. universities own most valid invention patents
B. enterprises dominate patent holdings in China
C. IP-pledged lending has stopped growing
D. high-value patents are falling in number
90. Average examination time for invention patents has been shortened to ______.
A. 20 months
B. 4 months
C. 15 months
D. 30 working days
第 三 部 分完形填空（91—110 题，每题 0.5 分，共 10 分）
下面短文中有 20 个空，每个空给出四个选项，请选出最佳选项使短文意思完整。
China's express delivery industry has become a barometer of domestic demand. (91)_____ September 29, 2026, national parcel volume had (92)_____ 150 billion for the year, twelve days earlier than in 2025. Between January and August, the industry (93)_____ 134.06 billion parcels, up 4.6 percent year on year, while revenue (94)_____ 1.03 trillion yuan, a gain of 7.4 percent. Revenue growth has run (95)_____ volume growth since operators began (96)_____ ruinous price wars—a shift regulators welcome (97)_____ evidence of healthier competition. (98)_____ the network itself, the gains are most visible in the countryside. About 1,200 county-level distribution centers and 427,000 village service stations now (99)_____ a four-tier system linking cities, counties, townships and villages. In Gansu's Yongchang county, a shared 'mini-bus' travels (100)_____ passengers and parcels on a single run, and in Hubei's Fangxian county the postal backstop pilot has (101)_____ village delivery times by 16 hours. Technology is (102)_____ the last mile as well: unmanned vehicles now operate in more than 200 cities, and drones (103)_____ close to four million parcels a year. Policymakers are (104)_____ every effort to consolidate these gains. The 2026 No. 1 central document called (105)_____ deeper integration of passenger, freight and mail services, urging that express delivery (106)_____ its way into every village. Progress, (107)_____, remains uneven: remote townships still face high delivery costs, and smaller operators struggle (108)_____ stay profitable. Analysts argue the sector must therefore evolve (109)_____ competing on price alone and focus instead on quality, cold chains and value-added services. If it (110)_____ so, the humble parcel will keep doing what it does best—keeping the economy moving.
91.
A. By
B. On
C. In
D. At
92.
A. surprised
B. surplus
C. surpassed
D. surpassing
93.
A. delivering
B. delivers
C. deliver
D. delivered
94.
A. reached
B. reaching
C. reach
D. reaches
95.
A. along with
B. ahead to
C. ahead of
D. forward of
96.
A. reins in
B. rein in
C. reined in
D. reining in
97.
A. as
B. like
C. for
D. by
98.
A. Unlike
B. As for
C. As of
D. Except
99.
A. underpinned
B. underpinning
C. underpins
D. underpin
100.
A. with
B. into
C. for
D. past
101.
A. cutting
B. cut
C. to cut
D. cuts
102.
A. transforms
B. transformed
C. transforming
D. transform
103.
A. carry
B. carried
C. carrying
D. carries
104.
A. make
B. making
C. makes
D. made
105.
A. at
B. in
C. for
D. on
106.
A. finds
B. found
C. finding
D. find
107.
A. moreover
B. however
C. therefore
D. furthermore
108.
A. against
B. for
C. to
D. with
109.
A. between
B. among
C. into
D. beyond
110.
A. does
B. did
C. had done
D. has done
笔译实务（180 分钟，满分 100 分）
请将下列文章译成目的语，要求忠实原文、行文通顺、术语准确。
Section 1英译汉（50 分）
将下列英语文章译成汉语。要求译文忠实原文、行文通顺、术语准确。
The Blue Economy: China's Shipyards Lead the Way
When economists tally China's industrial strength, shipyards rarely make the headlines. Perhaps they should. In the first half of 2026, the gross ocean product reached 5.5 trillion yuan, up 5.1 percent year on year—0.4 percentage points faster than headline GDP growth—and accounted for 7.9 percent of the national economy. A year earlier, the marine economy had exceeded 11 trillion yuan for the first time. Analysts at maritime think-tanks argue that a sector long treated as a coastal adjunct has become a genuine engine of growth, and the 15th Five-Year Plan devotes an entire chapter to building China into a strong maritime nation.
Shipbuilding illustrates the shift. In the first half, new orders, completions and order backlog—the three indicators by which yards are judged—rose 105.2 percent, 34.8 percent and 37.1 percent respectively; measured in compensated gross tonnage, Chinese shipyards took 73.9 percent, 55.4 percent and 63.3 percent of world market shares, extending a run of global leadership that has now lasted 16 years. More than 40 large vessels—from 10,000-TEU container ships to very large crude carriers and LNG carriers—were delivered in six months, and some yards hold order books stretching beyond 2029. Orders for marine engineering equipment jumped 121.9 percent, accounting for more than 80 percent of the global market.
Shipping and ports complete the picture. China handles close to one-third of the world's international seaborne trade; eight of the ten busiest cargo ports and six of the ten largest container ports are Chinese. Seaborne trade grew 6.9 percent in the first half, with exports up 7.8 percent. Shandong's coastal ports alone moved 1.126 billion tonnes of cargo, and container throughput across the province's 370-odd routes reached 25.77 million TEU. Offshore, Chinese engineers installed the world's largest 16-megawatt floating wind platform and connected a 20-megawatt turbine capable of generating more than 80 million kilowatt-hours a year. Meanwhile, authorities approved 1,246 new sea-use and island-use projects in the first half, covering 123,000 hectares and involving more than 380 billion yuan of investment, while four marine-derived drugs entered first-phase clinical trials.
Not everyone is sanguine. Trade frictions, volatile freight rates and the risk of overcapacity could test the boom, and analysts caution that order books built at peak prices can turn into a liability when demand cools. Port cities are hedging by racing up the value chain—promoting fully automated terminals and turning ocean data into forecasting tools such as the 'Langya 2.0' model for marine phenomena. Still, the direction of travel is clear: China is converting scale into standards, moving from the world's biggest builder of ships toward a shaper of the rules that govern life at sea. If the trend holds, the marine economy's 14 trillion yuan target for 2030 will be reached not on the strength of volume alone, but of higher-value engineering, greener fuels and ports that, in effect, run themselves.
Building a Strong Country in Education: Skills for a New Era
China's education system is vast almost beyond reckoning: 440,000 schools of every level, 280 million students and 18.7 million teachers. Gross enrollment ratios tell the story of access—92.9 percent in preschool, 96.1 percent in compulsory education, 92 percent at the senior-secondary stage and 61.3 percent in higher education. Some 270 million people have received higher education, and universities sent 55 million graduates into the workforce during the 14th Five-Year Plan period. Building a strong country in education, officials argue, is no longer about raw quantity but about fit.
Nowhere is the fit more practical than in vocational education, which supplies more than 70 percent of the country's new high-quality, high-skilled talent. The 2026 vocational education catalogue added 27 new majors, each tuned to industrial demand. Applications are surging wherever training meets jobs: Wenzhou Technician College enrolled a record 2,558 freshmen, with its top entrance score 187 points above the local general high school line, while Henan's Medical and Health Technician College saw pre-registration inquiries jump 45 percent. Over the past five years the country has added 92 vocational undergraduate institutions, blurring the old line between academic and technical routes. Curricula are moving closer to the factory floor as well: in industry-education integration pilots, firms help design syllabuses, contribute equipment to training workshops and send engineers to campus.
The pressure point is graduate employment. A record 12.7 million students are due to graduate in 2026, 480,000 more than last year, and the authorities have issued 16 policy measures to help young people find work. Universities are expanding in the fields the economy needs: Xi'an Jiaotong University raised undergraduate admissions by 360 to 6,710, Southeast University by 600 and Lanzhou University by 300, with places concentrated in embodied intelligence, smart manufacturing, energy and integrated circuits. Quality undergraduate expansion has added 62,000 places at double first-class universities since the 14th FYP.
Private firms, which provide more than 80 percent of urban jobs, remain the main absorber of talent. Signs of progress are already visible: more than 97 percent of migrant children now study in public or government-subsidized schools, inclusion of children with disabilities has held above 97 percent, and the student-aid system reaches some 150 million instances of support each year. Education planners nevertheless know where the risk lies: graduates abundant in credentials, short on the skills factories need. The bet being placed is that industry-education integration—enterprises co-designing curricula, campuses hosting workshops, students alternating between classroom and shop floor—can close that gap. If it does, China's demographic challenge may yet be answered not in spreadsheets but in classrooms and workshops, where the workforce of the next decade is actually being made.
Section 2汉译英（50 分）
将下列汉语文章译成英语。要求译文忠实原文、行文通顺、术语准确。
筑牢防灾减灾救灾的人民防线
应急管理是国家安全体系的重要组成部分。今年以来，我国自然灾害形势严峻复杂：上半年各类灾害造成全国1727.6万人次受灾，直接经济损失421.4亿元。针对汛期北方暴雨洪涝风险突出、台风登陆偏多偏强的形势，有关部门按“一省一案”周密部署跨省区增援，每省备足万人规模应急力量。国务院印发《现代化应急体系建设“十五五”规划》，提出到2030年建立以事前预防为主的治理模式，到2035年建成中国特色大国应急体系，并明确生产安全事故死亡人数下降15%、单位GDP事故死亡率下降33%等核心指标。今年是安全生产治本攻坚三年行动收官之年，一季度全国生产安全事故起数、死亡人数同比分别下降26.7%、22.7%，未发生特别重大事故。全国备足排涝能力约每小时20万立方米，11个重点地区常态部署专业救援力量。各地坚持人民至上、生命至上，深入开展治本攻坚行动，持续提升预报预警预演预案能力，应急管理体系和能力现代化稳步推进。
健康中国建设迈上新台阶
人民健康是民族昌盛的基石。我国人均预期寿命已提高到79.25岁，《国民健康“十五五”规划》提出，到2030年达到80岁。基本医疗保险参保率稳定在95%以上，超过90%的居民15分钟内可到达最近的医疗点；全国有医疗卫生机构110.8万所，其中基层机构105.5万所。基层医疗卫生机构诊疗量占比达52.6%，居民健康素养水平提升至33.69%。当前，各省份全面启动13周岁女孩免费HPV疫苗接种，稳步推进检查检验结果互认，促进优质医疗资源扩容下沉，让群众在家门口享受公平可及的医疗服务，青少年健康持续改善：6至17岁青少年平均身高增长超过2厘米，重大慢性病过早死亡率降至14.3%。我国建成世界上体系最完整的医疗卫生服务体系，山东高密改造提升450处村卫生室，基层首诊率超过70%，群众就近看病更加方便。为人民群众提供全生命周期健康服务，不断夯实中国式现代化的健康根基。
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