由26年高考英语ll卷一道语法填空题所想到的:
高考真题:Angela,a tai chi ________(instruct) with twenty-eight years of experience, says that a successful hour of tai chi is an hour with no negative thoughts. 答案,instructor
分析:下划线部分是插入语或者叫做Angela 的同位语,两个逗号隔开,用来解释说明 Angela他/她是谁。
知识回归:
(高中外研版必修二)课本原句
1.But just when I thought I could deal with all Chinese food, I came across stinky tofu, a horrible grey thing that looked and smelt like a burnt sports shoe.(B2p4)
2. It reminded me of blue cheese, a similarly strong smelling type of food you either love or hate.(同上)
3.Gong Bao Chicken also known as Kung Pao chicken was originally a family dish of Ding Baozhen,or Ding Gong Bao , a high-ranking court official of the Qing Dynasty who helped reconstruct The Fujiangyan Irrigation systems in Chengdu,SiChuan.B2p14
考点一.✍同位语
1. 本质:解释、补充前面名词是谁/是什么
同位语紧跟在名词/代词后,和前面名词指同一个人/事物,地位平等,用来把前面的词讲得更清楚。本句:Angela = a tai chi instructor…
两个内容说的是同一个人,后者就是同位语,介绍安吉拉的身份。
2. 两大功能
(1)补充身份、职位、年龄、头衔
例句:
Li Ming, my deskmate, won the prize.
my deskmate 同位语,说明李明是谁。
(2)解释名词具体内容(常解释抽象名词:news, idea, fact, promise)
I heard the news that he would retire.
that从句是news的同位语,说明消息的具体内容。同位语通常用于其具体个人相关的身份,职业与地位
3. 和定语的关键区别
- 同位语:和前面名词同一事物,可以互换
Angela = a tai chi instructor
- 定语:只修饰、限定,不是同一个东西
a beautiful girl(beautiful不是girl)
4. 翻译特点
逗号同位语中文常译作:名叫……、一位……、也就是
本句翻译:安吉拉,一位有着28年经验的太极教练……
5.高考真题
第一类:名词同位语(逗号分隔·身份解释)真题
1.(2022新高考Ⅰ卷语法填空)Wang Ping, ______ retired teacher, has volunteered to teach in rural areas for 15 years. 答案:a
解析:逗号后a retired teacher是Wang Ping同位语,解释身份,同名同物
2.(2023全国乙卷语法填空)Ms Li, ______ expert in traditional Chinese medicine, helps many patients every day. 答案:an
解析:名词短语作同位语,补充主语身份,去掉不影响主句完整
第二类:同位语从句(高考核心·that必考)真题,这部分略过不详讲
考点二:✍是以or不是以er结尾的人:
1.actor男演员 2.ancestor 祖先3.author 作家4.collector收集者、收藏家5.competitor 竞争对手、竞争者 6. conductor 导体、售票员,列车员、乐队指挥.7.director 指导、导演
8 doctor医生9.editor 编辑、主编10.educator 教育家11.emperor皇帝12.instructor 教练13.inventor 发明家14.investor 投资者15.moderator 主持人(选二p18)16.monitor班长17.professor教授18.survivor 幸存者19. translator 翻译,译者 20. visitor来访者;访问者;参观者;游客
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