文档内容
2024 北京首都师大附中高三 10 月月考
英 语
2024. 10
出题人：童湘晖 庞艳 石小春 孙穆新
审核人：李军华 童湘晖 王冬丽 石小春 高洁 孙穆新 周雅婷
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该
项涂黑。
My friendship with the students in a primary school in Uganda started on a shaky ground. The 1_____ of
not being understood was hidden within, for they spoke a language different from that of mine and mine too fell on
deaf ears.
I greeted them with a wide smile, and when I spoke further, they replied with ice cold 2_____. A reminder
echoed in my mind: you must live through it to get to them. So I gave it another try. I spoke 3_____ English
with hand gestures and a bit of dancing. If all failed, the smile would 4_____ . Soon we picked up and then the
5_____ of the learners came into play. At the mention of a name, trembles and face covering were the response I
got. I decided to 6_____a desk with a team each day during group work to get closer. After schoo1, 1 accompanied
them home.
7____ , we became friends. They were even aware of my favorite fruit, avocado. If I didn't get one on my
desk, it would 8_____ me wherever I was. My slippers were worn out. One night I left them out as no one could
steal a pair of slippers in that state. The next morning, I was ready to drag my slippers on as usual and I was
surprised they had been 9_____ . Wow!
The little things we do for each other bring us great joy and warmth. We don't have a proper spoken language,
but we are fluent in the language of 10_____ .
1. A. anger B. fear C. confusion D. disappointment
2. A. agreement B. blame C. comment D. silence
3. A. simple B. official C. academic D. unusual
4. A. turn up B. break off C. take over D fade away
5. A. shyness B. laziness C. loneliness D. calmness
6. A. clear B. share C. search D. exchange
7. A. Suddenly B. Obviously C. Accidentally D. Gradually
8. A. hi B. find C. catch D. hunt
9. A. packed B. cleaned C. repaired D. abandoned
10. A. sympathy B. admiration C. friendship D. confidence
第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写 1 个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白
处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
第1页/共10页A
AIs not only speed up tedious work, they help to open up new fields of scientific research. For example, using
11_____ (collect) experimental data, scientists have taught AIs to predict the 3D structure of “folded proteins”（折
叠蛋白），the building blocks of life, with atomic precision. Previous scientists couldn't tell how a protein chemistry
determined its folded structure. This problem was so complex that it remained underway for decades. Today, 12_____
(understand) it has transformed medical research and accelerated the process of developing new drugs.
B
The philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein argued that a person's thoughts were like objects in a closed box-a box
13_____ could only be "seen" into by oneself. We can never know what another person is really thinking about or
exactly what things mean to them, since the box is closed to us. A machine intelligence, however, could 14_____
(examine) in ways a human mind cannot. If a machine said it was thinking of a beetle, its programming could be
exposed-"opening the box"-to show precisely 15_____ it meant by "beetle". Such development might, in turn,
shed light on the mechanisms of human consciousness and thinking.
C
20% of global carbon dioxide emissions are caused by transport, and there is a huge effort under way to make
the sector greener. This means 16_____ (have) fewer fossil fuel burning vehicles and more of those powered by
electricity or more sustainable fuels. The push to sustainability also involves using technology 17_____ (connect)
people and transport, making the most efficient use of vehicles, fuel and infrastructure and enabling a shift away from
unnecessary vehicle ownership. Vehicles are becoming smarter-collecting, analyzing and sharing data to make
journeys faster and safer. Self-driving cars are appearing on our roads while aerial（空中的）and underwater drones
are taking on a wider range of jobs.
D
Three locations in China 18_____ (include) in the list of "The Second 100 IUGS Geological Heritage Sites" by
the International Union of Geological Sciences recently. Guilin Karst, the Permian vegetation of the Wuda Fossil Site
and the Dashanpu Middle Jurassic Dinosaur Fossils Site were included in the list. The IUGS said a Geological
Heritage Site is a significant location_____ 19_____ exceptional geological features and of utmost scientific
importance. Being included on this list means that these locations possess the highest research value and scientific
level in the field of geology_____20_____ (globe).
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Dear Mr. Smith,
I am seeking an opportunity to work with World Destiny as a Computer Systems Manager. My professional
experience and my awareness of your high reputation and great achievements have led me to want to work for World
Destiny.
Since 1998 I have focused on computer-system design and training. As Systems Administrator for Newport
Museum for the past two years, I have directed accounting, capital -campaign and publication production. We
designed the system from scratch, developing all applications, policies, procedures, and training programs. I was well
第2页/共10页prepared for such a challenge by my previous positions as a Systems Support Specialist and MicroComputer Assistant
for the Imperial Corporationof America.
Over the years, I have worked with Novell, using programs including dBase, Wordstar and Microsoft Word.
This familiarity with a variety of hardware and software has helped me to get up to speed on nearly any computer
with a minimum training period.
Additional experience in other fields also adds my value to World Destiny. As a Market Research Coordinator
for Cushman & Wakefield of California, I not only researched and maintained a comprehensive database of Silicon
Valley, but also produced statistical and written reports that support Cushman & Wakefield's reputation. Previously,
I organized companywide annual sales meetings for Qualogy, Inc.
Mr. Smith, while this experience more than qualifies me to join any number of successful companies, it is my
personal goals that lead to my interest in being part of the World Destiny team. I believe my computer, promotional,
and organizational skills, fueled by my beliefs, make World Destiny and me right for each other. Can we arrange an
interview at your earliest convenience? I will call within the next week to arrange a meeting.
Sincerely,
Beth Henning
21. Beth Hennine's work experiences include_____
A. MicroComputer Assistant for Novell
B. Systems Administrator for Newport Museum
C. Systems Support Specialist for World Destiny
D. Computer Systems Manager for Corporation of America
22. While working with Cushman & Wakefield of California, Beth's work involved_____.
A. training new workers B. maintaining a database
C. organizing sales meetings D. developing company policies
23. Beth Henning proves herself qualified for the position mainly by_____
A. stressing her personality strengths B. promising her value to the company
C. listing relevant experiences and skills D. expressing a strong interest in the company
B
This little South American Magellanic penguin swims 5, 000 miles, to a beach in Brazil, every year in order to
be reunited with the man who saved its life. It sounds like something out of a fairy tale, but it's true!
71-year-old retired brick worker Joao, who lives in an island village just outside Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, found
the small Magellanic penguin lying on rocks at his local beach in 2011. The penguin was covered in oil and running
out of time fast. Joao rescued the penguin, naming it Din, cleaned the oil off its feathers and fed him a daily diet of
fish to rebuild its strength. After a week of recovery, Joao attempted to release the penguin back into the wild.
However, Din had already formed a family bond with his rescuer and wouldn't leave.
“He stayed with me for 11 months and then, just after he changed his coat with new feathers, he disappeared,
"Joao recalls. "I love the penguin like it's my own child and I believe the penguin loves me, ” Joao told Globo TV.
“No one else is allowed to touch him. He pecks （啄）them if they do. He lies on my lap, lets me give him showers，
and allows me to feed him. ”
Professor Krajewski, a biologist who interviewed the fisherman for Globo TV, told The Independent: "I have
never seen anything like this before. I think the penguin believes Joao is part of his family and probably a penguin as
第3页/共10页well. "
However, environmentalists warn that, while hundreds of the Magellanic species are known to naturally migrate
thousands of miles north in search of food, there has been a worrying rise in the phenomenon of oceanic creatures
washing up on Brazil's beaches. Professor David Zee from Rio de Janeiro's State University, said the increase is due
in part to global climatic changes. Professor Zee added that sea animals face increased danger from leaked tanker oil.
Luckily the ending for Joao and Din has been a happy one, even though it is illegal in Brazil to keep wild animals
as pets.
Professor Krajewski said, “Professionals who work with animals try to avoid relationships like this occurring so
they are able to reintroduce the animal into the wild. But in this single case the authorities allowed Din to stay with
Joao because of his kindness".
24. Every year Din swims a long distance to a beach in Brazil to_____
A. avoid being killed B. meet his rescuer
C. escape from ocean currents D. find much more fish
25. When Din was found in 2011,_____ .
A. he was dying_ B. he was running on the beach
C. he was resting on a rock D. he was cleaning oil off his feathers
26. What can we learn about Joao from the passage?
A. His kindness wins the penguin's trust.
B. His contact with the penguin is encouraged by professionals.
C. He overprotects the penguin by keeping him away from others.
D. He is not allowed to keep the penguin as a pet by the authorities.
27. The story in the passage mainly shows_____
A. the environmental impact on wildlife
B. the love between humans and wildlife
C. the tendency of wildlife to bond with humans
D. the protection of threatened wildlife by mankind
C
What does it mean to live a good life? This question has been debated for centuries. In the field of psychology,
two main concepts of the good life have been quite popular: A happy life full of pleasure and positive emotions, and
a meaningful life full of purpose and sacrifice. But what if these aren't the only options?
In recent years, a long-neglected version of the good life has been receiving greater attention: the psychologically
rich life. It is full of complex mental engagement, a wide range of intense and deep emotions, and diverse, novel,
surprising and interesting experiences. Sometimes they are neither pleasant nor meaningful. However, they are rarely
boring or monotonous.
After all, both happy and meaningful lives can become monotonous and repetitive. A person with a steady office
job, married with children, may be satisfied and find his or her life meaningful and still be bored Also, the
psychologically rich life doesn't necessarily involve economic richness. For instance, consider Hesse's character
Goldmund, who has no money but pursues the life of a free spirit.
Research has found psychological richness is related to, but partially distinct from, both happy and meaningful
lives. Psychological richness is related with openness to experience and experiencing both positive and negative
第4页/共10页emotions more intensely. But is the psychologically rich life one that people actually want?
In a new study, Qishi and his colleagues asked people in nine countries the degree to which they value a
psychologically rich life, a happy life and a meaningful life. They found many people's self-described ideal lives
involve psychological richness. When forced to choose a life, however, the majority chose a happy life and a
meaningful life. Even so, a minority of people still favored the psychologically rich life, ranging from 6. 7% in
Singapore to 16. 8% in Germany.
These numbers went up when the desire for a psychologically rich life was measured indirectly. To understand
what a person wishes their lives might have been, it is important to explore what people wish they had avoided in
their lives. When asked what they regret most and whether undoing this event would have made their lives happier,
more meaningful or psychologically richer, about 28% of Americans said undoing the regrettable event would have
made their lives psychologically richer.
These findings suggest that while most people strive to be happy and have meaning in their lives, a sizable
number of people are content merely living a psychologically rich existence.
As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “We believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen
and enrich our understanding of well-being. " At the end of the day, there is no one singularly acceptable path to the
good life. You have to find a path that works best for you.
28. What does Oishi's research indicate?
A. The Germans prefer psychological richness to a happy life.
B. Undoing regrettable events has enriched many people's lives.
C. A hidden desire for psychological richness exists among some people.
D. People with psychological richness tend to describe their lives as ideal.
29. We can learn from the passage that_____
A. purpose outweighs pleasure in terms of significance
B. the choice of a good life differs from person to person
C. a positive mindset helps us understand our well-being
D we should never be content and always strive for the best
30. What is the main purpose of the article?
A. To compare different concepts of a good life.
B. To explain how to live a psychologically rich life.
C. To persuade people to attain psychological richness.
D. To draw attention to a less familiar version of a good life.
D
Scientists often complain that people are not rational（理性的）in their opposition to technologies such as
nuclear power and genetically modified (GM) crops. From a statistical perspective, these are very safe, and so people's
fear can be explained only by emotion, strengthened by ignorance. Electricity from nuclear power has led to far fewer
direct deaths than has coalfired power, yet many people are afraid of it, and hardly anyone is afraid of coal plants.
Similar arguments can be made about GM crops, which studies have shown are generally safe for most people to eat.
Scientific illiteracy （无知）may be part of the problem. Most of us are afraid of things we don't understand,
and studies have shown that scientists tend to be more accepting of potentially risky technologies than laypeople.
This suggests that when people know a lot about such technologies, they are usually reassured.
第5页/共10页But there's more to the issue than meets the eye. It is true that many of us fear the unknown, but it is also true
that we don't care enough about routine risks. Part of the explanation is complacency: we tend not to fear the familiar,
and thus familiarity can lead us to underestimate risk. The investigation into the Deepwater Horizon blowout and oil
spill in 2010 showed that complacency-among executives, among engineers and among government officials-was a
major cause of that disaster. So the fact that experts are unworried about a threat is not necessarily reassuring.
Scientists also make a mistake when they assume that public concerns are wholly or even mostly about safety.
Some people object to GM crops because these crops facilitate the increased use of chemicals. Others have a problem
with the social impacts that switching to GM organisms can have on traditional farming communities or with the
political implications of leaving a large share of the food supply in the hands of a few corporations.
Geoengineering（地球工程学）to lessen the impacts of climate change is another example. Laypeople as well
as scientists are more concerned about oversight（监管）than safety. Who will decide whether this is a good way to
deal with climate change? If we undertake the project of setting the global temperature by controlling how much
sunlight reaches Earth's surface, who will be included in that"we” and by what process will the “right"global
temperature be chosen?
Can we say which group's view is closer to an accurate assessment?
31. The underlined word “complacency" in Paragraph 3 probably means_____
A. overconfidence B. prediction C. underestimation D. carelessness
32. The example of geoengineering is used to argue that_____
A. safety is not the whole concern of the public
B. geoengineering is highly recognized by scientists
C. the public are unnecessarily troubled by climate change
D. lessening the impacts of climate change is a great challenge
33. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Scientific illiteracy is a major cause of disasters.
B. The safety of technologies can be accurately assessed.
C. Scientists misjudge people's opposition to technologies.
D. People are unworried about risks with proper oversight.
34. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A. Ignorance or Safety B. Who Is Rational About Risk
C. Why Can't People Trust Technology D. Should Scientists Have a Say in Risk
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Poor Sleep and Loneliness: A Vicious Cycle?
The feeling of being lonely is the sense that you have less social contact with others than you want. It is not
quite the same as the amount of social contact you have. Some people don't engage that often with others, but they
are perfectly fine with that, and so they don't feel alone. _____35_____ Being lonely is associated with poorer
psychological health.
One area of research has focused specifically on the relationship between loneliness and sleep. There are several
inter-related questions: Is feeling lonely related to the quality of people's sleep? What aspects of sleep are related to
第6页/共10页loneliness? And does loneliness cause sleep problems, or do difficulties with sleeping lead to feelings of loneliness?
_____36_____
The relationship between loneliness and sleep was explored in a paper by Melanie Hom and Caol Chu in the
September 2020 issue of Clinical Psychological Science. They analyzed the data of previous studies relating sleep
quality to feelings of loneliness. _____37_____ This relationship is stronger for insomnia（失眠症）than for sleep
complaints like nightmares. In addition, the more loneliness people express, the less effective they think their sleep
is.
Although poor sleep and loneliness are closely related, it is hard to determine whether loneliness causes sleep
difficulties or the reverse（相反）.
_____38_____It is because you can look to see whether sleep difficulties at one time predict later feelings of
loneliness or whether loneliness early on predicts later sleep difficulties. Interestingly, sleep problems predicted later
loneliness and loneliness predicted later sleep difficulties. However, the connection between earlier sleep difficulties
and later loneliness was generally stronger than that between earlier loneliness and later sleep difficulties. This pattern
suggests that there may be a vicious cycle, though, in which poor sleep can increase feelings of loneliness, which can
in turn increase sleep difficulties.
If you are someone who has trouble sleeping, be aware that poor sleep lowers your resilience overall. Among
other things, it may make it harder for you to appreciate the social contacts you have. _____39_____ That added
social engagement just might have a positive impact on your future sleep.
A. Long-term studies that follow the same people over time help.
B. If you have difficulty in social engagement, you may feel lonely.
C. Other people may spend a lot of time with others, but still long for more.
D. These issues are important because poor sleep can affect psychological health.
E To solve the problem, you should monitor your sleeping quality and physical health.
E. If you have trouble sleeping, try spending more time reaching out to friends and loved ones.
G. The results indicate that the more sleep difficulties people express they have, the lonelier they feel.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节 阅读表达（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）。
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求回答问题。
Digital Inclusion for Older Adults
As a researcher in the behavior of older adults, I regularly hear complaints from them like, "I'm just not part of
this world anymore. In certain parts of society, I just can't join. . . Some things just are not possible if you are not in
the flow of the Internet. " or “We feel like we're standing outside a building that we have no access to. "
Today, mastering digital technology has become a key component of what it means to fully participate in society.
But one area in particular threatens to prevent some older adults from making connections: the digital divide.
As a recent study shows, one-third of adults aged 65 and older say they've never used the Internet, and half don't
have Internet access at home. Of those who do use the Internet, nearly half say they need someone else's help to set
up or use a new digital device.
In contrast to concerns about technology use increasing isolation（孤立）among younger populations, the
communication and connection possible online can be especially valuable for older adults who are homebound, live
第7页/共10页far away from family, or have lost the loved ones. Older adults can use online tools to connect with friends and family
via messaging platforms, video chat, and social media even if they can no longer physically visit them. And they can
engage with the outside world through news, blogs, streaming platforms, and email, even if they are no longer able
to move about as easily as they once could,
For older adults in particular, the risks associated with social isolation are profound. Loneliness among older
adults has been associated with depression, functional decline, and death. Technology can serve as an important tool
to help reduce there risks, but only if we provide older adults with the skills they need, to make inclusion in the digital
world accessible to them.
The importance of digital inclusion is not going to disappear with the generational changes of the coming
decades. Technology is continuously developing, and with each new digital innovation come challenges for even
younger adults to adapt.
40. What prevents some older adults from connecting with society?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
41. What do the statistics in Paragraph3 indicate?
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Enabling older adults to access the digital world can help them recover from depression and functional decline.
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________
43. Please briefly present your opinion on digital inclusion. (about 40 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim在你的朋友圈看到你校高三年级开展了“勇攀高峰，青
春无悔”（Aim High，Give It All）的长城主题活动，很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1．该活动的相关信息（如时间、内容. . . ）；2．你参加该活动的感受。
注意： 1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
第8页/共10页____________________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________ Yours,
Li Hua
第9页/共10页参考答案
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，25分）
第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C
第二节 语法填空 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
11. collected 12. understanding
13. which/that 14. be examined 15. what
16. having 17. to connect
18. have been included 19. with 20. globally
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，共28分）
A篇: BBC B篇: BAAB C篇: CBD D篇: AACB
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
CDAGF
第三部分：书面表达（共32分）
40. The digital divide.
41. The problem of the digital divide among older adults is serious/ common.
42. Enabling older adults to access the digital world can help them recover from depression and functional decline.
According to the passage, enabling older adults to access the digital world can help reduce the risks of depression
and functional decline rather than recover from them.
43. 略
第二节 (共20分)
略
第10页/共10页
