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专题 11 短文首字母填空
（2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，在下文空格处填入适当的词使短文完整。
在答题卡标有题号的横线上，完整地写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。（每空一词）
Peter Pan wishes Wendy, John and Michael, especially Wendy, would stay in Neverland forever, but finally
the Darling children decide to fly back home and grow up.
“Quick, Tink,” Peter whispers. “S 1 the window. Then when Wendy comes back, she will think her
mother doesn’t love her anymore, and she will return to Neverland with me.”
Mrs. Darling is playing the piano. Peter didn’t know the tune, Home, Sweet Home, b 2 he knows
it’s saying, “Come back, Wendy, Wendy, Wendy.” Peter looks through the door and sees two big tears in Mrs.
Darling’s eyes.
“She loves Wendy,” he thinks. “But I love Wendy, too. We c 3 both have her.”
He looks at Mrs. Darling again. The two tears are still sitting on her e 4 .
“Oh, all right,” he says at last, sadly. Then he opens the window.
When Wendy, John, and Michael arrive, they find the window o 5 for them. They all get into bed to
surprise their mother.
When Mrs. Darling goes back to the children’s room, they are all in their beds. They wait for her to say
something, but she says n 6 . She thinks she is dreaming. She sits by the fire.
The children are so w 7 . Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again? All three of them jump
out of bed, run to her and shout, “Mother!” She realizes she is not d 8 anymore. Mr. Darling and Nana
come in. They are all so happy. Peter w 9 them from the window but he is looking at something he will
never have.
Many years pass. When Peter visits Wendy again, she has g 10 up and has a daughter of her own.
Peter is still a boy who can’t grow up.
—Taken from Peter Pan
【答案】1．(S)hut 2．(b)ut 3．(c)an’t 4．(e)yes 5．(o)pen 6．(n)othing 7．
(w)orried 8．(d)reaming 9．(w)atches 10．(g)rown
【导语】本文出自文学作品《彼得·潘》，讲述了小飞侠彼得·潘决定把朋友送回家的故事。
1．句意：关上窗户。根据“S... the window”可知，彼得想关上窗户，shut“关闭”符合语境，祈使句用动
词原形开头。故填(S)hut。
2．句意：彼得不知道《家，甜蜜的家》这首曲子，但他知道它在说：“回来吧，温蒂，温蒂。”。根据
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“Peter didn’t know”和“he knows”可知，前后是转折关系，用but连接。故填(b)ut。
3．句意：我们不可能都拥有她。根据“She loves Wendy”和“But I love Wendy, too.”可知，他们都爱温蒂，
但不能同时拥有她，can’t“不能”符合语境。故填(c)an’t。
4．句意：那两滴眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上。根据“two tears”可知，眼泪仍然留在她的眼睛上，eye“眼
睛”，用复数。故填(e)yes。
5．句意：当温蒂、约翰和迈克尔到达时，他们发现窗户为他们打开了。根据“Then he opens the
window.”可知，窗户是开着的，open“打开的”，形容词作宾补。故填(o)pen。
6．句意：他们等她说什么，但她什么也没说。根据“They wait for her to say something, but…”可知，她什
么也没说，不定代词nothing“什么都没有”符合语境。故填(n)othing。
7．句意：孩子们很担心。根据“Why isn’t their mother happy to see them again?”可知，孩子们是担心的，
worried“担心的”，形容词作表语。故填(w)orried。
8．句意：她意识到自己不是在做梦了。根据“All three of them jump out of bed, run to her and shout,
‘Mother!’ ”可知，孩子们去喊妈妈，让她知道自己没有在做梦，孩子们真的回来了，dream“做梦”，用现
在分词形式与is构成现在进行时。故填(d)reaming。
9．句意：彼得从窗户看着他们，但他看到的是他永远不会拥有的东西。根据“but he is looking at
something he will never have.”可知，彼得在看着他们，watch“看，注视”符合语境，时态为一般现在时，
主语是“Peter”，动词用三单。故填(w)atches。
10．句意：当彼得再次拜访温蒂时，她已经长大了，有了自己的女儿。根据“Many years pass.”可知，温
蒂长大了，grow up“长大”，固定短语，grow用过去分词形式与has构成现在完成时。故填(g)rown。
（2023·天津·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使短文意思完整。每空限填一
词。
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is p 11 with
some progress in studies. Or a person may smile if a friend tells a funny joke. There are other good r 12
to smile often.
First, it is e 13 to smile than to show unhappiness. In fact, it only takes 17 muscles (肌肉) to smile.
On the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in your f 14 a rest and
smile!
Second, smiles are nice. People may try to l 15 nice by exercising or wearing nice clothes.
However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can wear. That is because it is easy to be a 16
someone who is smiling and happy. Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.
Third, smiles have power (感染力). Both smiling and laughing can easily and quickly s 17 from
one person to another. If one person smiles, people around him or her want to smile, too. Similarly, when a person
laughs, people tend (往往会) to laugh with him or her. If a person is s 18 , the best thing to do is to share
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a smile or a laugh. It is the easiest way to cheer someone up.
F 19 , smiling and laughing are very good for the body. Even though you are sad, try smiling. You’ll
find that it will be difficult to s 20 sad for very long!
【答案】11．(p)leased 12．(r)easons 13．(e)asier 14．(f)ace 15．(l)ook 16．(a)round
17．(s)pread 18．(s)ad 19．(F)inally 20．(s)tay
【导语】本文主要介绍了对别人微笑的好处。
11．句意：例如，当一个人对学习上的进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。be pleased with“对……感到
满意”，此处指对学习上的进步感到满意。故填(p)leased。
12．句意：还有其他的好理由经常微笑。根据下文内容及首字母r可知下文中介绍了微笑的理由，
reason“理由，原因”，other后接名词复数。故填(r)easons。
13．句意：首先，微笑比表现不开心更容易。根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On the other
hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可知微笑比表现不开心更容易，is后接easy的比较级easier
表示“更容易的”。故填(e)asier。
14．句意：所以，让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！根据“In fact, it only takes 17 muscles to smile. On
the other hand, it takes 43 muscles to show unhappiness.”可推出此处用的是脸部肌肉，结合首字母f可知用
face表示“脸”。故填(f)ace。
15．句意：人们可能会通过锻炼或穿漂亮的衣服来使自己看起来漂亮。根据“by exercising or wearing nice
clothes”可知做这些是为了看起来漂亮，look“看起来”，不定式符号to后用动词原形，构成不定式。故填
(l)ook。
16．句意：这是因为我们很容易和一个微笑和快乐的人在一起。根据“Almost no one wants to stay with
someone who is always unhappy.”可知待在爱笑的人周围很容易，用around表示“在……周围”。故填
(a)round。
17．句意：微笑和大笑都能轻易而迅速地从一个人传播到另一个人。根据“from one person to another”可
知此处指从人到人的传播，spread“传播”，can后用动词原形。故填(s)pread。
18．句意：如果一个人悲伤，最好的办法就是分享一个微笑或大笑。根据“It is the easiest way to cheer
someone up.”可知要使难过的人高兴起来，is后接形容词sad表示“难过的”。故填(s)ad。
19．句意：最后，微笑和大笑对身体很好。根据“First ... Second ... Third ...”及首字母F可知此处用
Finally表示“最后”。故填(F)inally。
20．句意：你会发现保持悲伤很长时间是很困难的！根据“for very long”可知此处指长时间保持悲伤，
stay“保持，停留”。故填(s)tay。
（2023·江苏徐州·中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，写出所缺单词，使短文完整、通顺。
Ali has worked and lived in Shandong Province for almost six years. When his friends suggested g 21
to Rizhao for a two-day trip, the first things that came into his mind were its beautiful beaches and nice seafood.
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Rizhao certainly goes b 22 that! It is also “hometown of green tea” in northern China. Rizhao l 23
in the southeast of Shandong Province near the Yellow Sea. It has pleasant weather, rich soil, and enough sunlight.
All these make it s 24 for growing high-quality green tea. Ali had the chance to pick tea leaves for the
first time in his life. “This is the first time I’ve learned about Chinese tea culture. It’s a new and exciting
experience for me. It’s fantastic!” Ali said with a smile on his f 25 .
【答案】21．(g)oing22．(b)eyond 23．(l)ies24．(s)pecial 25．(f)ace
【导语】本文介绍了阿里将去山东日照旅行，日照作为中国北方的“绿茶之乡”，其气候和地理位置非
常适合种植高品质茶叶。
21．句意：当他的朋友建议去日照进行两天的旅行时，他首先想到的是日照美丽的海滩和美味的海鲜。
根据首字母及“When his friends suggested…to Rizhao for a two-day trip”可知，此处指去日照。go“去”，
动词。suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，动名词作宾语。故填(g)oing。
22．句意：日照当然不止于此！根据首字母及“its beautiful beaches and nice seafood”及“It is also
‘hometown of green tea’ in northern China.”可知，日照不仅有美丽的海滩、美味的海鲜，还被称为“绿茶之
乡”，此处应为短语go beyond“超越”。故填(b)eyond。
23．句意：日照位于山东省东南部，濒临黄海。根据首字母及“Rizhao…in the southeast of Shandong
Province”可知，此处介绍日照的地理位置。lie in“位于”。本句陈述事实，故为一般现在时，主语是第三
人称单数，谓语动词用其单三形式。故填(l)ies。
24．句意：所有这些都使它特别适合种植高品质的绿茶。根据首字母及“It has pleasant weather, rich soil,
and enough sunlight. All these make it…for growing high-quality green tea.”可知，日照的气候和地质使其特别
适合种植高品质绿茶。special“特别的”，形容词，作宾补。故填(s)pecial。
25．句意：“这是我第一次了解中国茶文化。这对我来说是一次新的、激动人心的经历。太棒了！”阿
里笑着说。根据首字母及“Ali said with a smile on his…”可知，阿里的脸上带着笑容。face“脸”，名词，
由“his”可知，用其单数形式。故填(f)ace。
（2023·山东东营·统考中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当的
单词。
My parents got Arthur’s Family Laundromat (洗衣店) from my grandfather. It was a true family business.
My father, my mother and my aunt were responsible for different jobs. E 26 my retired (退休的)
grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then.
My father said that the most important machine in the Laundromat wasn’t the washing machine. It was the
coffee pot by the door. The coffee was free and almost every c 27 would have a cup and chat with my
family while waiting for their clean clothes. In the hours a 28 school or on weekends, it was my job to
keep the coffee pot full. At least ten times each day, I would clean up the wet coffee grounds (咖啡渣), weigh 40 g
of coffee beans, fill the pot with water, and turn on the coffee machine. It was such a b 29 job that I could
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have done it in my sleep.
I remember complaining one busy day. “W 30 do we have to give away coffee? We’re a
Laundromat, not a coffee shop!” I said angrily. My father was surprised at my attitude. At once he s 31
what he was doing to talk to me. With a patient but serious expression on his f 32 he spoke:
“Son, people choose our laundromat b 33 we serve them like friends. We offer them a cup of coffee.
We chat with them, laugh with them and connect with them. People don’t just need a p 34 to clean their
clothes. They need friendship. That is why your job is the most important job in the laundromat.”
My father’s words had the expected effect. From then on, I do the job more c 35 . After all, I had the
most important job in the laundromat.
【答案】26．(E)ven 27．(c)ustomer 28．(a)fter 29．(b)oring 30．(W)hy 31．(s)topped
32．(f)ace 33．(b)ecause 34．(p)lace 35．(c)arefully
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者家的洗衣店提供免费咖啡，作者一开始向父亲抱怨，不明白为什么洗衣店
要提供免费的咖啡，理解了父亲的意图之后，认真对待冲泡咖啡的工作。
26．句意：就连我退休的祖父也偶尔帮忙打扫。根据“It was a true family business.”及“my retired (退休
的) grandfather helps with the cleaning now and then.”可知，此处强调甚至退休的祖父也在帮忙打扫，
even“甚至”，故填(E)ven。
27．句意：咖啡是免费的，几乎每个顾客都会在等待干净衣服的时候和我的家人喝一杯聊天。根据
“waiting for their clean clothes”可知，顾客在等待干净的衣服时会和作者的家人喝一杯咖啡，customer“顾
客”，根据every可知，此空应填单数名词，故填(c)ustomer。
28．句意：在放学后或周末的几个小时里，我的工作就是让咖啡壶保持满满的。根据“school or on
weekends”及首字母可知，此处指在放学后或在周末，after school“放学后”，故填(a)fter。
29．句意：这是一件很无聊的工作，我睡觉的时候都能做。根据“job that I could have done it in my sleep”
及首字母可知，在睡觉的时候能做，说明它是一份很无聊的工作，boring“无聊的”，故填(b)oring。
30．句意：我们为什么要送咖啡？根据“We’re a Laundromat, not a coffee shop”可知，作者认为这是一个
洗衣店而不是咖啡店，不懂为什么要送咖啡，故填(W)hy。
31．句意：他立刻停下手中的工作和我说话。根据“what he was doing to talk to me”及首字母可知，父亲
停止了手里的工作，而来跟作者说话，stop“停止”，描述过去发生的事情，动词用过去式，故填
(s)topped。
32．句意：他脸上带着一种耐心而严肃的表情说。根据“With a patient but serious expression on his”及首字
母可知，脸上出现了一种耐心而严肃的表情，face“脸”，故填(f)ace。
33．句意：孩子，人们选择我们的洗衣店是因为我们像朋友一样服务他们。空格后“we serve them like
friends”是解释人们选择作者家洗衣店的原因，故填(b)ecause。
34．句意：人们需要的不仅仅是洗衣服的地方。根据“People don’t just need a … to clean their clothes.”及
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首字母可知，不需要仅仅是洗衣服的地方，place“地方”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填
(p)lace。
35．句意：从那时起，我更认真地做这项工作。根据“After all, I had the most important job in the
laundromat”可知，听到了父亲的一席话，作者工作得更加认真了，此处副词修饰动词，carefully“认真
地”，故填(c)arefully。
（2022·江苏盐城·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词，使其意思完整。
I grew up in the countryside. At around 10 years old, I began to learn cooking. The first skill I mastered was
making dough（面团）. Since my parents often came home l 36 , a prepared dough would help my
family have supper sooner. I thought it would be e 37 because I often saw my mum do it — just mix
water and flour, right? Not quite! It turned out to be a m 38 for a while. First I made the dough too soft.
Then I made it too hard. But as I kept trying, I learned the trick.
Later, I cooked fried dishes and things like dumplings and I f 39 in love with cooking. It’s a good
way to relax. More importantly, thanks to my cooking skill, I live better d 40 the COVID-19 pandemic.
Now working at home, I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout. It s 41 money and I don’t have to
wait for delivery drivers to feed me.
Besides cooking, I did a lot of f 42 work in my childhood. I got to know how to plant vegetables. T
43 it was hard work, the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know. For example,
the part of a potato that has sprouts（芽）can be planted as a seed. I once discussed this with my friends from the
city. They thought it was a p 44 that they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives.
Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But it can’t compare to the j 45 of
learning firsthand, watching plants blossom and grow. It brings a new way to look at the world.
【答案】36．(l)ate 37．(e)asy 38．(m)ess 39．(f)ell 40．(d)uring 41．(s)aves 42．
(f)arm 43．(T)hough 44．(p)ity 45．(j)oy
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在乡下长大的经历让他受益颇深，一方面从小练习的烹饪
让他在疫情期间过的更好，也节省了钱。另一方面，小时候做的农活教会了他许多知识，也带给了他许
多城市朋友没有机会体验到快乐。
36．句意：因为我的父母经常回家晚，一个准备好的面团可以帮助我的家人早点吃晚饭。根据“a
prepared dough would help my family have supper sooner”可推测出，我的父母回家晚，“晚，迟”结合首字
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母可知，其英文表达为late，根据“Since my parents often came home”可知，空格处应用副词原级，即
late。故填(l)ate。
37．句意：我以为这很容易，因为我经常看到我妈妈做——只是把水和面粉混合，对吗？根据“because I
often saw my mum do it — just mix water and flour, right”可知，我认为很简单，根据“it would be”可知，空
格处为形容词，故“简单的”easy。故填(e)asy。
38．句意：结果一会儿之后是一团糟。根据“First I made the dough too soft. Then I made it too hard”可知，
并不如想象中那么简单，故可推测出，结果是一团糟，由“a”可知，空格处为一个名词，结合首字母m，
可推测出为mess“杂乱，混乱局面”。故填(m)ess。
39．句意：后来，我做了炸菜和饺子之类的东西，我爱上了烹饪。根据“It’s a good way to relax”和“in
love with”可知，我爱上了烹饪，“爱上”fall in love with，根据“cooked”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，
故此处应用fall的过去式fell。故填(f)ell。
40．句意：更重要的是，多亏了我的厨艺，我在新冠病毒疫情流行期间生活得更好了。根据“I live
better”和“the COVID-19 pandemic”可知，是在新冠病毒疫情期间，我过的更好了，“在……期间”结合
所给首字母d可知，其英文表达为during。故填(d)uring。
41．句意：这样既省钱又不用等送货员来给我送食物。根据“I cook every meal instead of ordering takeout”
和“money”可知，每顿饭我都自己做而不是叫外卖，故可以省钱，“节约，节省”save，根据“don’t”可
知，句子时态为一般现在时，由“It”可知，句子主语为第三人称单数，故谓语动词应用save的三单形式
saves。故填(s)aves。
42．句意：除了做饭，我小时候还干过很多农活。结合后文和“I got to know how to plant vegetables”可知，
我还干过很多农活。“农活”的英文表达为farm work，故空格处应填farm。故填(f)arm。
43．句意：尽管工作很辛苦，但这段经历教会了我许多朋友至今仍不知道的东西。根据“it was hard
work”和“the experience taught me things that many of my friends still don’t know”可知，空格处为一个让步
状语从句，此时常用although或though引导，结合所给首字母T，故此处应用Though。故填(T)hough。
44．句意：他们认为这是一个遗憾，他们没有机会在他们的生活中学习这些东西。根据“a”可知，空格处
应用一个名词，由“they didn’t have the chance to learn these things in their lives”可推测出，他们为此而觉
得遗憾，“遗憾”pity。故填(p)ity。
45．句意：但它无法与亲眼目睹植物开花生长的快乐相比。根据“the”和“of”可知，空格处应用一个名
词，根据“Some might say we can learn these things from textbooks. But”可知，空格所在句子想表达“亲眼
目睹植物开花生长的快乐”，“快乐”joy。故填(j)oy
（2022·江苏镇江·统考中考真题）根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词，使短文意思完整，每空
一词。
To many young Chinese people, Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China. But f 46
people know he once wrote a martial arts novel called Jin Guo Ying Xiong.
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Recently, a Sina Weibo user m 47 this novel written by Zhou more than a century ago. Many young
people showed a strong i 48 in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China. Another user
posted the first page of the novel which Zhou wrote at the a 49 of 16. It was published under Zhou’s
pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914. However, the novel was never completed,
but it can be found a 50 . The Early Works of Zhou Enlai were published by the Central Party Literature
Press in 1998.
A 51 many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the novel, they said he
played a more important role in China’s history. One wrote “The novel was stopped but Premier Zhou went on to
s 52 the Chinese nation out of danger!” Another added, “He gave up a novel, but he wrote a history of m
53 China.” A 29-year-old computer engineer said, “The pioneers of China are spiritual leaders for me.
Remembering them helped me build up the r 54 values. When I face problems in life, I am always
reminded not to f 55 the lives of those pioneers. The difficulties I face now are nothing compared with
what they experienced.”
【答案】46．(f)ew 47．(m)entioned 48．(i)nterest 49．(a)ge 50．(a)mong 51．
(A)lthough 52．(s)ave 53．(m)odern 54．(r)ight/(r)eal 55．(f)orget
【导语】本文讲述了周恩来总理曾写过一部小说《金国英雄》，虽然小说没有写完，但是他在中国历史
上扮演着更重要的角色，创造了一部中国近代史。
46．句意：但很少有人知道他曾经写过一部武侠小说《金国英雄》。根据“To many young Chinese people,
Premier Zhou Enlai is known as a key founder of the New China”以及“but”对比可知，此处指的是few“几乎
没有”，故填(f)ew。
47．句意：最近，一位新浪微博用户提到了周恩来一个多世纪前写的这部小说。根据“a Sina Weibo
user...this novel”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是mention“提到”，是动词，结合上下文可知，此处应用过
去式，故填(m)entioned。
48．句意：许多年轻人对它表现出浓厚的兴趣，对中国早期的先驱者表示钦佩。根据“Many young
people showed a strong...in it and their admiration for the early pioneers of China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指
的是interest“兴趣”，空前有a修饰，名词用单数形式，故填(i)nterest。
49．句意：另一位用户发布了周恩来16岁时写的小说的第一页。根据“at the...of 16”及首字母提示可知，
此处是at the age of“在……岁时”，故填(a)ge。
50．句意：然而，小说从未完成，但却能在其中找到它。根据“ It was published under Zhou’s
pseudonym(笔名) “Fei Fei” in a magazine beginning in October, 1914...the novel was never completed, but it can
be found...The Early Works of Zhou Enlai published by the Central Party Literature Press in 1998.”及首字母提示
可知，此处指的是“在之前发表的杂志中可以找到”，此处应用among“在……中”，故填(a)mong。
51．句意：尽管许多年轻人对周恩来未能继续创作这部小说表示遗憾，但他们表示，周恩来在中国历史
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上扮演着更重要的角色。根据“many young people expressed the regret that Zhou did not go on with the
novel, they said he played a more important role in China’s history.”及首字母提示可知，此处应用although“虽
然”引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
52．句意：有人写道：“小说被叫停了，但周总理继续把中华民族从危险中拯救出来！”根据“The
novel was stopped but”及首字母提示可知，此处在说“周总理继续拯救中华民族”，故填(s)ave。
53．句意：另一个补充道：“他放弃了一部小说，但他写了一部中国近代史。”根据“wrote a history
of...China.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“创造了一部中国近代史”，modern“现代的”，故填
(m)odern。
54．句意：记住它们帮助我建立正确的价值观。根据首字母提示及“When I face problems in life, I am
always reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”可知，此处指的是right/real“正确的/真的”价值观，故填
(r)ight/(r)eal。
55．句意：当我面对生活中的问题时，我总是被提醒不要忘记那些开拓者的生活。根据“I am always
reminded not to...the lives of those pioneers.”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“不会忘记……”，forget“忘
记”，故填(f)orget。
（2021·甘肃甘南·统考中考真题）根据短文内容和首字母提示，把所缺单词填写在对应题号后面的横线上。
Have you ever heard of “National Smile Month” in the UK? People are made to think about the importance
of b 56 their teeth, eating less sweet foods and going to see the doctors from time to time.
The British are f 57 for their bad teeth. Even a dictionary has the expression “British Smile”,
meaning “Any smile with bad teeth”. However, in America, the “Holly wood Smile” gets its name because
American movie s 58 are so proud to show off their beautiful teeth.
But what about smiling in the UK? Do the British smile a lot, or do they look sad all the time? It’s said that
the British don’t often show their feelings. But actually it all d 59 on the situation. For example, Britain
doesn’t allow smiling in passport photos. But if you are at a party, you’ll find everyone smiling h 60 and
loudly.
So, the British smile as much as anyone else.
【答案】56．(b)rushing 57．(f)amous 58．(s)tars 59．(d)epends 60．(h)appily
【导语】本文讲述了英国的 “英式微笑” 和美国的 “好莱坞式微笑”。
56．句意：人们不得不考虑刷牙、少吃甜食和不时去看医生的重要性。根据首字母提示以及下文中的
“The British are ... for their bad teeth”可知，这里考查动词短语brush one’s teeth“刷牙”，位于介词of之后，
应该用动名词形式。故填(b)rushing。
57．句意：英国人以坏牙而闻名。根据首字母提示以及空格前的“are”以及空格后的“for”可知，本题考
查短语be famous for“因为……而出名”。故填(f)amous。
58．句意：然而，在美国，“好莱坞式微笑”之所以得名，是因为美国电影明星非常自豪地炫耀他们美
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丽的牙齿。根据首字母提示以及“show off their beautiful teeth”可推测，这里说的是美国的电影明星。故
填star，因为star在句中做主语，根据空格后的be动词“are”可知，空格上填复数形式。故填(s)tars。
59．句意：但实际上这一切都取决于当时的情况。根据句意可知，本题考查动词短语depend on“取决于”，
根据前文的“don’t often show”可知，时态为一般现在时，主语（it）是第三人称单数形式，故填
(d)epends。
60．句意：但是如果你在一个聚会上，你会发现每个人都开心地大声微笑。观察句子结构可知，连词
“and”连接两个副词，共同修饰smiling。根据首字母以及“smiling”可知，这里指的是“开心地笑”。故
填(h)appily。
（2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·统考中考真题）阅读短文，根据短文内容及首字母提示，在空白处填入一个适当
的单词。
Life will be peaceful if you always do kind things. I teach my daughters to d 61 a habit of helping
others.
We live in the country. Most of what we see is beautiful nature. One of the exceptions (例外) to the beauty is
the rubbish that some people throw out of their car windows. And there are no necessary public s 62 ,
such as rubbish collection.
A helping behavior (行为) that I often p 63 with my daughters is picking up rubbish in our
neighborhood. My daughters often have a m 64 to see who can collect the most rubbish. They will often
say to me in an excited voice, “There’s some rubbish, Daddy, stop the car!” Without t 65 more, we will
often get out of our car and pick it up. Though it may seem strange, we do it. In fact, we e 66 it. We pick
up rubbish in parks, on sidewalks, almost a 67 .
One day I saw a man I had never met before picking up rubbish on the road. I stopped. He r 68 his
head and said to me with a smile, “I saw you doing this with your family. It’s a good idea to protect our natural
world.”
There are many other ways to p 69 kindness for others. You may share a dinner with a homeless
person, visit lonely old people in the nursing home, or help the blind cross the street. You can think of something
that can be finished e 70 but helpful. It is fun, self-satisfying, and what’s more, it can set a good example.
Helping others is helping yourself.
【答案】61．(d)evelop 62．(s)ervices 63．(p)ractise/(p)ractice 64．(m)atch 65．(t)hinking
66．(e)njoy 67．(a)nywhere 68．(r)aised 69．(p)rovide 70．(e)asily
【分析】文章介绍了作者和女儿们以及一位陌生人在社区捡垃圾的事情，告诉我们可以做一些简单的事
情来向他人表达善意。
61．句意：我教我的女儿养成帮助别人的习惯。根据“a habit of helping others”及首字母提示可知，此处
指的是“养成……的习惯”，是短语develop a habit of...，空格前有to，动词要用原形，故填(d)evelop。
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62．句意：而且没有必要的公共服务，比如垃圾收集。根据“such as rubbish collection”及首字母提示可知，
此处指的是“公共服务”，表达为public service，service是可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式，故
填(s)ervices。
63．句意：我经常和女儿们一起练习的一种帮助行为是在我们附近捡垃圾。根据“A helping behavior”以
及“is picking up rubbish in our neighborhood”及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“练习”，是动
词practise/practice，由often可知，句子应用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，动词用原形，故填(p)ractise/
(p)ractice。
64．句意：我的女儿们经常举行比赛，看谁能收集最多的垃圾。根据“to see who can collect the most
rubbish”及首字母提示可知，进行的是比赛，match“比赛”，空前有不定冠词a修饰，名词用单数形式，
故填(m)atch。
65．句意：我们常常会不假思索地下车去捡。根据语境可知，此处表示没有多想，think“想”，是动词，
without是介词，所以后面动词用ing形式。故填(t)hinking。
66．句意：事实上，我们很喜欢做这件事。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此处指的是“很享受做这件事
情”，enjoy“享受、喜欢”，是动词，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语是复数人称，动词用原形，故填
(e)njoy。
67．句意：我们在公园里、人行道上、几乎任何地方捡垃圾。根据句中的“in parks, on sidewalks”以及首
字母提示可知，此处表示我们几乎在任何地方捡垃圾，anywhere“在任何地方”，故填(a)nywhere。
68．句意：他抬起头，微笑着对我说。根据“I saw a man I had never met before picking up rubbish on the
road.”以及常识可知，捡垃圾一定是低着头的，而他跟作者说话的时候应是抬起头，结合首字母提示可知，
此处是raise“抬起”，前句是一般过去时，此处动词用过去式，故填(r)aised。
69．句意：还有很多其他的方法可以帮助他人。根据“kindness for others”及首字母提示可知，此处表达
的是向他人表达善意。符合provide sth. for sb.“向某人提供某物”的结构，故填(p)rovide。
70．句意：你可以想出一些容易完成但有帮助的事情。根据“You may share a dinner with a homeless
person, visit lonely old people in the nursing home, or help the blind cross the street.”可知，这些事情都是很容
易完成的，结合首字母提示可知，此处是easily“容易地”，是副词，修饰句中的动词finish，故填
(e)asily。
（2020·上海·统考中考真题）"Meatballs again？I hate meatballs!" Henry cried loudly．"I'm not eating
this!" Henry's mum and dad looked at each other．This was the second time this week that Henry had c 71
about his dinner．
"We're going to let you take over dinnertime．You can pick the food and cook your meals，'Mum said．
"Good．We're going to eat good food every night!" Henry answered．
The next day，Henry sat down to write the meal p 72 "We're going to have chicken tonight，and
noodles tomorrow，" Henry said．
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"Are we going to have anything e 73 besides chicken？We need to have at least one vegetable for
each meal，"，said Mum．
"We can have cabbage，"Henry said．
After he finished shopping，it was time to make his f 74 meal．He believed that this would be his
favourite meal．Since he had never cooked，his parents were both there to help him．"There's a lot to
do，"Henry thought，as he looked at the mess in the kitchen．He was usually playing games outside while his
parents were making dinner．
It took almost two hours to cook．When dinner was finally finished，Henry was tired and h 75 ．
But he was so excited—he made dinner!
"I don't like cabbage，" cried Sophia，Henry's little sister，at the table．Henry felt quite upset．He had
worked so hard on dinner，but it was i 76 to get everyone happy about every part of every meal!
"I'm sorry．I didn't know this could be so hard，" Henry felt like he might cry．He began to r 77
how his parents felt every time at the dinner table．
"It's OK，Henry．You worked really hard．We' ll take back dinner responsibilities．You'll have to do it
enough when you're grown up，"Dad said．
Henry felt released．He happily finished his dinner and never got angry at dinner table again．
【答案】71．complained 72．plan 73．else 74．first 75．hungry 76．impossible
77．realize
【分析】文章主要讲Herry因对晚饭所吃的食物不满而爸妈提议以后让他自己做饭的故事。故事中，
Herry按照计划好的菜单计划去购物，然后花了差不多两个小时的时间做好饭，最后他的妹妹却说不喜欢
卷心菜。这时，他才意识到做大家都满意的饭菜是很难的，并意识到了每次父母吃饭时的感受，最后他
得到了父母的理解并释怀了，以后再也不会在吃饭时生气了。
71．句意：这是亨利本周第二次抱怨他的晚餐了。考查动词。由上文“Meatballs again？I hate
meatballs!...I'm not eating this!”可知，“亨利不喜欢吃肉丸——他对晚饭不满”。那么，结合首字母提示可
知空格处表示“抱怨（complain）”。再根据句子结构（had+过去分词）可知，题干应用过去完成时。故
答案为complained。
72．句意：亨利坐下来写用餐计划。考查名词。由下文“We're going to have chicken tonight，and noodles
tomorrow”及首字母提示可知，上文句意为“亨利坐下来写用餐计划”，所以空格处应填plan，“计划”，
名词。故答案为plan。
73．句意：除了鸡肉，我们还吃别的吗？考查形容词。由下文“We need to have at least one vegetable for
each meal”及首字母提示可知，上文句意为“除了鸡肉，我们还吃别的吗？”所以空格处应填else，“其
他的”，形容词，常用于不定代词后。故答案为else。
74．句意：他买完东西后，该是他做第一顿饭的时间了。考查序数词。根据上下文及首字母提示可知，
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“这是亨利第一次做饭”，所以此空应填first，“第一”，序数词。故答案为first。
75．句意，当晚饭终于做好了，Herry（感到）又累又饿。考查形容词。根据句意及首字母提示可知，此
空应填hungry，“饥饿的”，形容词，在句中作表语。故答案为hungry。
76．句意：但要让每个人对每顿饭的每一部分都感到高兴是不可能的！考查形容词。根据句意及首字母
提示可知，此空应填impossible，“不可能的”，形容词。It is/was+形容词+(for sb.)to do sth.是固定句式，
意为“（对某人而言）做某事是……”。故答案为impossible。
77．句意：他开始意识到他父母每次吃饭时的感受。考查动词。begin to do sth.开始做某事，固定搭配。
再根据句意及首字母提示可知，此空应填realize，“意识到”，动词。故答案为realize。
【点睛】题目要求根据首字母提示填写适当的单词补全短文，考查学生对语境的理解能力及对所学词汇
的把握和运用能力。做题时，应先把上下文语境或句意与首字母提示结合起来，推出所需单词，然后根
据语法知识填写单词的适当形式。
（2019·江苏南通·中考真题）请认真阅读下面短文,并根据各题所给首字母的提示,写出一个合适的英语单
词完整、正确的形式,使短文通顺。
Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. A short video about seven people wearing prosthetic devices(人造装
置) who t 78 on a desert race challenge has become popular.
The seven disabled people j 79 in the 108-kilometer desert race from May 11 to 14 in Dunhuang,
Northwest China’s Gansu Province. Six of the seven had one leg amputated(截肢)，and o 80 had two legs
amputated.
Cheng Baojun, a man from Luohe, Central China’s Henan Province, the double amputee, said he never i 81
he could take part in the desert race. “It is great, I can do it, and you can also. ” “It is easy to say, but walking it is
h 82 . ” Cheng said. On the first day, they finished a complete section of 27 kilometers of the race, and on the
second day, they finished 20 kilometers.
“My legs were painful while I was walking. We also met with a very big sandstorm on the way. But s 83
it was a challenge, we could not give up. We all encouraged each other to continue. ” he said. After getting t 84
, they rested on the third day and walked on the fourth.
Lao Tongyi walked the longest of the group, a distance of more than 70 kilometers. Team leader
SunNaicheng said that they had to p 85 through depulation (人烟稀少) areas of the Gobi Desert. He also
added that team members challenged themselves and realized their d 86 .
They are good e 87 for everyone to learn from. It’s up to you how far you go. If you don’t try, you will
never know.
【答案】78．took 79．joined 80．others 81．imagined 82．hard 83．since 84．
tired 85．pass 86．dream 87．examples
【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一段关于七个人戴着假肢参加沙漠竞赛的视频已经很流行了。告诉我们有
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志者事竟成。
78．句意：一个关于七个人戴着假肢参加沙漠竞赛的短片已经很流行了。短语take on a desert race
challenge参加挑战沙漠竞赛。这里是一般过去时态，take的过去式是took。根据句意，故填took。
79．句意：7名残疾人参加了5月11日至14日在敦煌举行的108公里沙漠竞赛。jion in…参加……。这里
是一般过去时态，joined，根据题意，故填joined。
80．句意：七名患者中有六名一条腿被截肢，其他人则两条被截肢。Six of the seven had one leg
amputated(截肢)可知下文是其他的。根据句意，故填others。
81．句意：来自中国中部河南省洛河市的双重截肢者程宝军（音）说，他从来没有想过自己能参加沙漠
赛跑。这里是一般过去时态，imagine的意思是“想象”，imagine的过去式imagined。根据题意，故填
imagined。
82．句意：程说：“说起来容易，走起来难。”根据上文It is easy to say hard可知下文是是难的。根据句
意，故填hard。
83．句意：我们在途中还遇到了一场很大的沙尘暴。但由于这是一个挑战，我们不能放弃。根据下文it
was a challenge, we could not give up可知这里是表示原因，用since。根据句意，
故填since。
84．句意：他们累了，第三天休息，第四天走。Tired的意思是“累人的”，根据句意，故填tired。
85．句意：组长孙乃成说，他们必须通过戈壁沙漠的人烟稀少的区域。根据下文through depulation (人烟
稀少) areas of the Gobi Desert.可知这里是通过的意思。have to do sth.表示不得不做某事；pass意思是“通
过”，根据句意，故填pass。
86．句意：他还补充说，团队成员挑战自己，实现了自己的梦想。这里是说实现梦想。短语realize one’s
dream表示实现某人的梦想。根据句意，故填dream。
87．句意：他们是每个人学习的好榜样。主语是They，这里表语用复数，examples的意思是“榜样”，
根据句意，故填examples。
（2023·内蒙古呼和浩特·内蒙古师范大学附属学校校考二模）There are many kinds of art forms in
China. And each different part of China has its own special forms of t 88 art. These usually try to represent
the things that are important in life such as love, beauty and family. The most common things, from paper to clay
to bamboo, t 89 into objects of beauty.
Paper cutting has b 90 around for more than 1,500 years. Paper cutting sounds very easy b 91
it can be difficult to do. The paper, usually red, is folded before it is cut with scissors. The most common pictures
are flowers, fish, animals, and things about Chinese history. During the Spring Festival, they are put on windows,
doors and walls as s 92 of wishes for good l 93 and a happy new year.
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Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small that they look very real. The pieces are c 94
shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay and then allowed to air-dry. After drying, they are fired at a very
high heat. They are then polished and painted. Finally, materials such as wood or paper are added to m 95
different things. I 96 takes several weeks to complete everything. These small pieces of clay art show the
love that all Chinese people have f 97 life and beauty.
【答案】88．(t)raditional 89．(t)urned 90．(b)een 91．(b)ut 92．(s)ymbols 93．(l)uck
94．(c)arefully 95．(m)ake 96．(I)t 97．(f)or
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统艺术剪纸和泥塑艺术。
88．句意：中国的每个不同地区都有自己独特的传统艺术形式。根据“And each different part of China has
its own special forms of…art.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“传统的艺术”，传统的：traditional，形容词
作定语，修饰“art”。故填(t)raditional。
89．句意：最常见的东西，从纸到粘士到竹子，都变成了美的物品。根据“…into objects of beauty.”以及
首字母可知，此处指的是“变成美的物品”，把……变为……：turn…into，固定词组，时态为一般过去
时，因此此处用动词过去式“turned”。故填(t)urned。
90．句意：剪纸已经有1500多年的历史了。根据“for more than 1,500 years”可知，句子用现在完成时，
由首字母可知，此处用“been”。故填(b)een。
91．句意：剪纸听起来很容易，但可能很难做到。根据“Paper cutting sounds very easy…it can be difficult
to do.”以及首字母可知，此处表示转折，因此用but，意为“但是”。故填(b)ut。
92．句意：春节期间，人们把它们挂在窗户、门和墙上，作为好运和新年快乐的象征。根据“doors and
walls as…of wishes…”以及首字母可知，此处指的是新年快乐的象征，象征：symbol，结合“they”可知，
此处用复数形式。故填(s)ymbols。
93．句意：春节期间，人们把它们挂在窗户、门和墙上，作为好运和新年快乐的象征。根据“good…and
a happy new year.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“好运”，运气：luck作宾语，名词。故填(l)uck。
94．句意：这些作品是用一种非常特殊的粘土手工精心制作而成，然后风干。根据“by hand”可知，此处
指的是“精心制作”，细心地：carefully，副词修饰动词。故填(c)arefully。
95．句意：最后，添加木材或纸张等材料来制作不同的东西。根据“materials such as wood or paper are
added to…”可知，此处指的是“制作动词”，制作：make，动词，空前是“to”，因此此处用make。故填
(m)ake。
96．句意：完成每件事需要几个星期。根据首字母以及“…takes several weeks to complete everything.”可
知，It takes+时间+to do sth.花时间做某事，固定用法。故填(I)t。
97．句意：这些小小的陶艺作品表达了所有中国人对生活和美的热爱。根据“These small pieces of clay art
show the love that all Chinese people have…life and beauty.”以及首字母可知，此处指的是“对于生活的热
爱”，for意为“对于”，介词。故填(f)or。
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（2023·山西太原·太原五中校考二模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词，单词的第一个字母已给
出。
Everyone knows that second-hand smoke is as dangerous as first-hand smoke. But have you h 98 of
“third-hand” smoke?
Third-hand smoke means the pollution left on the surfaces(表面) of things around, 1 99 furniture or
clothes. When someone smokes in a room, poisonous particles(粒子) in tobacco(烟草) smoke land on the surfaces
of the furniture or his clothes, even after the cigarette(香烟) has been put out. This can c 100 a great
danger to your family, especially younger children.
B 101 are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke. This is because they are often close to
surfaces of things, such as floors, walls and furniture where tobacco particles remain. When they t 102
these surfaces, they get their hands polluted.
So, it is necessary and important to r 103 third-hand smoke. To achieve this, strict r 104
for forbidding(禁止) smoking inside homes should be carried out. If one of your family members smokes, please
make sure he smokes outside the h 105 . Get him a special jacket and hat, so once he f 106
smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house.
Moreover, make sure that a smoker washes his hands and face, and changes his clothes before picking up the
baby. Many times, you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn’t mean he or she is s 107
. Give up smoking, or if that is not possible, make sure that your loved ones, far away from third-hand smoke.
【答案】98．(h)eard 99．(l)ike 100．(c)ause 101．(B)abies 102．(t)ouch 103．(r)efuse
104．(r)ules 105．(h)ouse 106．(f)inishes 107．(s)afe
【导语】本文介绍的是三手烟的危害以及如何减少三手烟的危害。
98．句意：但是你听说过“三手烟”吗？根据“But have you…of ‘third-hand’ smoke?”可知与前面是转折
关系，结合所给首字母，可知应是hear of“听说”，由前面have可知，此处要用现在完成时，故填
(h)eard。
99．句意：三手烟是指残留在周围物品表面的污染，比如家具或衣服。根据“Third-hand smoke means the
pollution left on the surfaces(表面) of things around…urniture or clothes.”可知空后是举的例子，结合首字母，
可知应填like“像”，故填(l)ike。
100．句意：这会对你的家人，尤其是年幼的孩子造成很大的危险。根据“This can…a great danger to your
family, especially younger children.”可知此处说的是留在表面的污染会造成危险，结合所给首字母，可知应
填cause“造成”，由can可知情态动词后加动词原形，故填(c)ause。
101．句意：婴儿更容易受到三手烟的伤害。根据“This can…a great danger to your family, especially
younger children.”以及“This is because they are often close to surfaces of things, such as floors, walls and
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furniture where tobacco particles remain”可知此处应是说婴儿更容易受到伤害，因为他们通常靠近物体的表
面，结合所给首字母可知应填baby“婴儿”，由are可知要用复数，且位于句首，首字母大写，故填
(B)abies。
102．句意：当他们接触到这些表面时，他们的手就被污染了。根据“they get their hands polluted”可知应
是触摸表面的时候，手会被污染，结合首字母可知应是touch“触摸”，通读全文可知是一般现在时，主语
为they，故要用动词原形，故填(t)ouch。
103．句意：因此，拒绝三手烟是必要和重要的。根据“This can…a great danger to your family, especially
younger children…are more likely to be harmed by third-hand smoke.”可知三手烟有危害，故拒绝三手烟很必
要，结合所给首字母，可知应填refuse“拒绝”，由“it is necessary and important to…third-hand smoke”可
知此处是it is+形容词+to do“做某事是……的”，故填动词原形，故填(r)efuse。
104．句意：为了实现这一目标，应该制定严格的规定，禁止在家中吸烟。“To achieve this, strict…for
forbidding(禁止) smoking inside homes should be carried out.”可知应是实施禁止吸烟的规则，结合所给首字
母，可知用rule“规则”，空前没有冠词，故要用复数，故填(r)ules。
105．句意：请确保他在屋外抽烟。根据“To achieve this, strict…for forbidding(禁止) smoking inside homes
should be carved out”可知屋内禁止吸烟，故要在屋外抽烟，结合首字母，可知空处应填house“屋子”，且
前面有the，故填(h)ouse。
106．句意：给他一件特殊的夹克和帽子，这样一旦他抽完烟，他就会在进屋前把它们摘下来。根据
“Get him a special jacket and hat, so once he…smoking, he will take them off before getting inside the house.”
可知应是抽完烟，把夹克和帽子脱掉，结合首字母，可知应填finish“完成”，通读全文可知是一般现在
时，主语为he，故要用动词单三形式，故填(f)inishes。
107．句意：很多时候，你看不到烟雾对你的孩子造成伤害，但这并不意味着他或她是安全的。根据
“you cannot see the smoke doing harm to your child, but it doesn’t mean he or she is…”可知此处应填形容词作
表语，前面说的是看不见危害，由but可知是转折关系，故后面有应是不意味着安全，结合首字母可知应
填safe“安全的”，故填(s)afe。
（2023·江苏南京·统考二模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
Naan is a delicious local food in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region. Shops making and
s 108 naan can be found everywhere in the area.
As e 109 as the Han dynasty when the Silk Road was chartered, the business travelers would carry
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naan as food, which would not go b 110 for months. Nowadays, a small piece of naan is not only the main
food to fill the s 111 , but also the soul (灵魂) of Xinjiang’s food culture.
It’s said that in Xinjiang, one can spend one day without eating meat, but cannot go t 112 a day
without eating naan. As a household food, naan has a wide range (范围) of varieties depending on different ethnic
(民族的) groups. A bowl of milk tea and a piece of naan is a very typical food m 113 . Naan is easy to
preserve and carry, and it is also the main food for Xinjiang people to treat g 114 .
Xinjiang people cherish naan very much, and they enjoy it in a very special manner. They usually break naan
into several small pieces and soak them in broth (肉汤) or milk tea b 115 eating. Breaking naan into pieces
is an important part of naan culture in Xinjiang as they believe that naan should be shared with others and that its
round shape r 116 solidarity (团结) and good will.
The time-honored naan, f 117 of Xinjiang local culture, is rolling on the Chinese even world stage
because of its special features.
【答案】108．(s)elling 109．(e)arly 110．(b)ad 111．(s)tomach 112．(t)hrough/(t)hroughout
113．(m)atch 114．(g)uests 115．(b)efore 116．(r)epresents 117．(f)ull
【导语】本文主要介绍了新疆的美食——馕，是新疆饮食文化的灵魂。
108．句意：制作和销售馕饼的商店在该地区随处可见。根据该句语境和“Shops making”可知，此处表示
商店销售馕饼，sell“售卖”，动词，应和making并列保持一致，所以用selling。故填(s)elling。
109．句意：早在汉代开辟丝绸之路时，商旅就会随身携带馕饼作为食物。as early as表示“早在……的时
候”符合语境。故填(e)arly。
110．句意：几个月都不会变质。go bad表示“变质”。故填(b)ad。
111．句意：如今，一小块馕不仅是填饱肚子的主食，更是新疆饮食文化的灵魂。根据语境可知，此处表
示填饱肚子，stomach表示“胃，腹部”，此处用单数形式。故填(s)tomach。
112．句意：据说在新疆，一个人可以一天不吃肉，但一天不吃馕就不能过一天。go through/throughout a
day表示“经历一天/一整天”。故填(t)hrough/(t)hroughout。
113．句意：一碗奶茶和一块馕，是非常典型的食物搭配。根据语境和“A bowl of milk tea and a piece of
naan”可知，此处是表示两种食物搭配，match表示“相配，匹配”，空前有a，所以用名词单数。故填
(m)atch。
114．句意：馕易于保存和携带，也是新疆人民招待客人们的主要食物。根据语境可知，此处表示招待客
人们，guest表示“客人，宾客”，应用复数形式guests。故填(g)uests。
115．句意：他们通常把馕饼掰成几小块，在吃之前浸泡在肉汤或奶茶中。根据该句语境可知，馕是在浸
泡后再吃，即吃之前需浸泡，before表示“在……之前”。故填(b)efore。
116．句意：将馕分解成碎片是新疆馕文化的重要组成部分，因为他们认为馕应该与他人分享，其圆形代
表团结和善意。根据“its round shape”和“solidarity and good will”可知，此处缺少谓语动词“代表”，
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represent表示“代表，象征”，此处主语为第三人称单数，且时态为一般现在时，所以应用动词三单形式
represents。故填(r)epresents。
117．句意：历史悠久、充满新疆本土文化的馕以其独特的特色滚遍中国乃至世界的舞台。full of表示
“充满……”。故填(f)ull。
（2023·江苏南通·校考三模）
The earliest piece of guqin in China, unearthed in Hubei province in 2016, dates back to the Zhou Dynasty(c.
11th century-256BC). The body of a guqin is made of painted wood and the strings of twisted silk. A 118
its appearance looks simple, making a guqin is quite challenging. An outstanding piece can take y 119 to
create. It is a crystallization of art and time.
The sound of a guqin is quiet, ethereal and distant. Vibrations(振动) are used to p 120 an undulating
and lasting music, with rich empty notes in between. As the listener fills in the space in their own minds, a
connection is f 121 between music and men.
The guqin was loved by the literati in ancient China. The most famous guqin m 122 was Yu Boya in
the Spring and Autumn(770-476 BC) and Warring States(475-221 BC) periods. As he played his guqin in the
mountains, a woodcutter named Zhong Ziqi heard the music and understood exactly what Yu wanted to e 123
. This deep understanding formed a strong bond between them, and they became c 124 friends. This is the
famous tale b 125 the guqin masterpiece, Flowing Water, High Mountains. The piece has been passed
down through generations and is considered one of the most famous and important w 126 in Chinese guqin
music.
The well-known story about guqin, flowing from brushed fingertips and travelling for thousands of years, is
continuing to the p 127 .
【答案】
118．(A)lthough 119．(y)ears 120．(p)roduce 121．(f)ormed 122．(m)usician 123．
(e)xpress 124．(c)lose 125．(b)ehind 126．(w)orks 127．(p)resent
【导语】本文主要介绍中国的古琴和著名的古琴名曲——《高山流水》。
118．句意：尽管它的外形看起来很简单，但是制作古琴却是很有挑战性。根据首字母提示及前后分句的
逻辑关系可知，此处考查连词although“虽然、尽管、即使”，表示让步。故填(A)lthough。
119．句意：一把出色的古琴可能需要数年时间才能制作出来。古琴是艺术和时间的结晶。根据“take”和
首字母提示可知，此处表示years“年”，名词复数；take years to do sth.“花数年时间做某事”。故填
(y)ears。
120．句意：振动被用来产生起伏而持久的音乐……根据“vibrations”和“music”之间的物理学原理及首字
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母提示可知，此处指produce“生产、造出”，动词。故填(p)roduce。
121．句意：当听者在自己的脑海里填补这些空白时，音乐和人之间便建立了联系。根据“a connection”
和“between music and man”可知，此处指form“（使）（关系、习惯或想法）形成”，动词。再根据句子
结构可知，此处应用被动语态：be+过去分词。故填(f)ormed。
122．句意：最著名的古琴演奏家是春秋战国时期的俞伯牙。根据“Yu Boya”及首字母提示可知，此处指
musician“音乐家”，名词。故填(m)usician。
123．句意：当他在山间弹奏古琴时，有一个叫钟子期的樵夫听到了音乐声，并完全理解了俞伯牙想要表
达的意思。根据“...understood exactly what Yu wanted to...”及首字母提示可知，此处指express“表达”，动
词。故填(e)xpress。
124．句意：他们成为了亲密的朋友。根据“This deep understanding...”和“friends”及首字母提示可知，此
处指close“亲密的”，形容词，作定语，修饰名词friends。故填(c)lose。
125．句意：这就是古琴名曲《高山流水》背后的著名传说。根据上文所述内容及首字母提示可知，此处
指behind“在……的背面”，介词。故填(b)ehind。
126．句意：这首曲目被世代传承，也被认为是中国古琴音乐中最著名和最重要的作品之一。根据“The
piece has been passed down through generations...”及首字母提示可知，此处指古琴名曲《高山流水》被认为
是中国古琴音乐中著名和最重要的作品之一，one of the +最高级+名词复数。故填(w)orks。
127．句意：这个大家熟知的关于古琴的故事从指尖流淌而出，穿越了千年岁月，至今仍在持续着。根据
“...travelling for thousands of years...”及首字母提示可知，此处指俞伯牙和钟子期之间的故事流传至今。
present“目前、现在”，名词。故填(p)resent。
（2023·江苏南京·校考一模）根据短文内容及首字母提示，填写所缺单词。
How would you feel if moving to a new town meant losing track of your friends? What if the only way of
getting news from faraway friends was writing letters that took ages to be delivered? This was how things worked
not very long ago. Thanks to advances in technology, how we make friends and c 128 with them has
changed significantly.
Nowadays, we can move around the world and still stay in t 129 with the people that we want to
remain friends with. Social media t 130 let us see what our friends are up to and maintain friendships. All
you need is a wi-fi connection.
The digital age also enables us to find people who share our interests, such as collecting model cars or p
131 an unusual instrument. Whatever our hobbies, the Internet can c 132 us with others who also
enjoy doing them, even if they live on the other side of the world.
But when you “friend” people online, does this mean that they really are your friends? It depends. If people
always e 133 true personal information online, then yes, these friendships can be real and meaningful.
But we need to keep in mind that what we see on social media is often not the whole t 134 about a
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person.
On social media sites, people tend to post only positive updates that make them appear happy and friendly.
But smiling photos can h 135 real problems. Remember the saying: on the Internet, nobody knows
you’re a dog. A young person could be old; a woman could be a man; we could even be s 136 our
information with criminals.
But this doesn’t mean that we should throw the baby out with the bathwater. A 137 technology has
changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends remain the same. As
Aristotle said, no one would choose to live without friends, even if he had all other goods.
【答案】128．(c)ommunicate 129．(t)ouch 130．(t)ools 131．(p)laying 132．(c)onnect
133．(e)xchange 134．(t)ruth 135．(h)ide 136．(s)haring 137．(A)lthough
【导语】本文主要讲述了互联网给我们交友带来的变化，即我们随时随地可以交友，但是这样获得的友
谊是否有意义呢？
128．句意：由于科技的进步，我们交朋友和与他们交流的方式发生了重大变化。根据“we make friends
and c...with them”可知是指和朋友交流，communicate with sb“和某人交流”，动词形式和and前的make一
致，故填(c)ommunicate。
129．句意：如今，我们可以在世界各地移动，仍然与我们想要保持朋友关系的人保持联系。stay in touch
with“和……保持联系”，为固定短语，故填(t)ouch。
130．句意：社交媒体工具让我们可以看到朋友在做什么，并维持友谊。根据“Social media t...let us see
what our friends are up to and maintain friendships.”可知能让我们可以看到朋友在做什么，并维持友谊的是
社交媒体工具，too“工具”，可数名词，此处用复数表示泛指，故填(t)ools。
131．句意：数字时代也使我们能够找到与我们有共同兴趣的人，比如收集汽车模型或演奏一种不寻常的
乐器。根据“p...an unusual instrument. ”可知是指演奏乐器，应用play，动词形式和or前的collecting一样，
故填(p)laying。
132．句意：无论我们的爱好是什么，互联网可以将我们与同样喜欢做这些事情的人联系起来，即使他们
住在世界的另一边。根据“the Internet can c...us with others who also enjoy doing them”可知互联网可以把我
们连接在一起，connect“连接”，动词，can后加动词原形，故填(c)onnect。
133．句意：如果人们总是在网上交换真实的个人信息，那么是的，这些友谊可以是真实而有意义的。根
据“If people always e...true personal information online”可知是指交换信息，exchange“交换”，是动词，if
引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时，主语是people，动词用原形，故填(e)xchange。
134．句意：但我们需要记住，我们在社交媒体上看到的往往不是一个人的全部真相。根据“what we see
on social media is often not the whole t...about a person.”可知网上看到的一个人往往不是这个人的全部真实
信息，truth“事实，真相”符合语境，故填(t)ruth。
135．句意：但微笑的照片可能会掩盖真正的问题。根据“But smiling photos can h...real problems”可知微
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笑会把问题掩盖，hide“隐藏”，动词，位于can后，应用原形，故填(h)ide。
136．句意：我们甚至可能与罪犯分享我们的信息。根据“we could even be s...our information with
criminals.”可知是指和罪犯分享信息，share“分享”，动词，结合be可知动词应用现在分词，故填
(s)haring。
137．句意：虽然科技改变了我们获得朋友的方式，但友谊的意义和我们对朋友的渴望保持不变。根据
“technology has changed the way we acquire friends, the meaning of friendship and our longing for friends
remain the same. ”可知前后是转折让步关系，应用although引导让步状语从句，故填(A)lthough。
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