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专 题 一
语法知识
语法知语法知识识
第③讲 代词
要点归纳思维导图
代词考向及母题典例
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考向1 人称代词
用法速记口诀:主宾格
主语主,宾语宾;动前用主,动介后宾。
注释:人称代词做主语时用主格,作宾语时用宾格,动词前面用主格做主语,动词、介词后边用宾格做宾语
口诀使用范例
Mrs.Green will come here. I can't wait to see .
A.him B.her C.you D.me
考查人称代词主格和宾格用法时用此口诀
答案解析:
see表“看见”,为动词,根据大招“动介后宾”可知,其后的人称代词应该用宾格。处指代Green夫人,所
以用第三人称单数的宾格形式her.故选B.
解题坑点
1.“动介后宾”,注意介词后人称代词也要用宾格(例如:This book belongs to me.).
2.常考teach sb.sth.,注意这里的sb.用人称代词的宾格形式,而不是使用物主代词(例如:She teaches us
English.).
母题 1
(2023·江苏扬州·统考中考真题)The children have painted since ________ could first pick up a brush.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
【答案】A
【详解】句意:孩子们从第一次拿起画笔就开始画画了。
考查代词。they他们,主格;them他们,宾格;their他们的,形容词性物主代词;themselves他们自己,
反身代词。空处作从句的主语,应用主格,故选A。
考向2 物主代词
用法速记口诀:物主代词
有名则形,无名则名。
注释:有名词时前边用形容词性物主代词修饰名词;没有名词时,使用名词性物主代词相当于一个形容词性物
主代词+名词
口诀使用范例
This isn't skirt. is on the sofa.
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A.you;Yours B.his;Him C.my;Mine
考查名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词的用法区别时,用此口诀解题。
答案解析:
根据句意可知,两空都应该填物主代词。第一空后面接名词skirt,根据大招“有名则形”可知,填形容词性物主
代词。第二空后面没有接名词,根据大招“无名则名”可知,填名词性物主代词。故选C.
解题坑点
形容词性物主代词相当于形容词,名词性物主代词相当于名词。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词,
例如:
mine=my+名
母题 2
(2023·北京·统考中考真题)My sister enjoys singing and ________ favorite subject is music.
A.his B.her C.your D.their
【答案】B
【详解】句意:我妹妹喜欢唱歌,她最喜欢的科目是音乐。
考查代词辨析。his他的;her她的;your你的;their他们的。根据“My sister enjoys singing”可知此处指
“我妹妹”最喜欢的科目,用her。故选B。
考向3 it, one, that辨析
用法速记口诀:替代词
同类同物常用it;同类异物多用one;见比较级就找that.
口诀使用范例
Sam finds sweeping robots useful,and he plans to buy for his grandma.
A.it B.one C. this D.that
当题目需要对it/one/that进行区分时,用此口诀解题。
答案解析:
根据题干中的“he plans to buy for his grandma”可知,Sam要买一台扫地机器人(同类异物)给祖母,故选
B.
解题坑点
题目中出现了复数的同类异物用ones,比较级中出现复数事物用 those.
母题 3
(2023·安徽·统考中考真题)I like those books! When I get my pocket money, I will buy ________.
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A.it B.that C.them D.ones
【答案】C
【详解】句意:我喜欢那些书!当我有零花钱的时候,我就会买一些。
考查代词辨析。it它;that那个;them它们;ones一些。根据“I like those books! When I get my pocket
money, I will buy…”可知,此处指“我”有钱时会买上文中提到的those books“那些书”,books是复数,
故用them指代。故选C。
考向4 反身代词
用法速记口诀:你瞅瞅你
主宾同一反身代;强调自身反身代。
口诀使用范例
If we need to take care of others, we have to learn to take care of .
A.we B.us C.our D.ourselves
题目中需要对代词是否为反身代词进行区分时,用此口诀解题。
答案解析:
根据题干中的“we have to learn to take care of”可知,主宾同一,应填反身代词,故选D.
解题坑点
1.若选项中全是反身代词,一定要看清楚代指的具体是“谁自己”。
2.反身代词常放在句末或者主语后,“反身”相关固定搭配要分清楚,记牢固。
母题 4
(2023·江苏无锡·统考中考真题)Think about it and ask ________: have you really done everything right?
A.you B.yourself C.me D.myself
【答案】B
【详解】句意:想一想,然后问自己:你真的把每件事都做对了吗?
考查反身代词。you你;yourself你自己;me我;myself我自己。根据“Think about it and ask”可知是指问
自己,应用反身代词,结合“have you”可知应用yourself,故选B。
考向5 不定代词
用法速记口诀1:一些些
any否疑some肯;
WC提问 some 跟。(注:WC 包括 would/why not/could/can)
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口诀使用范例
She doesn't have milk,but she has coffee.
A. some;some B.any;some C.some;any D.any;any
题目中需要对any和some进行区分时,用此口诀解题。
答案解析:
根据题干中的doesn't可知,第一空所在分句表示否定意义;根据表示转折的but可知,第二空所在分句表示肯
定意义,结合“any否疑some肯”推知,正确答案为B.
解题坑点
1.注意would/why not/could/can开头的疑问句,虽然是疑问句,但是句中表达“一些”含义时要用some.同时注
意some-和any-的复合不定代词用法辨析,也可以用到此口诀。
2.此处讲的是在否定句和疑问句中,any表示“一些”的用法。any还有另外一层含义,表示“任何”,此时也
可用于肯定句。
母题 5
(2022·黑龙江哈尔滨·统考中考真题)—I need ________ school things.
—Me, too. Let’s go shopping.
A.no B.some C.any
【答案】B
【详解】句意:——我需要一些学校用品。——我也是。我们去购物吧。
考查代词辨析。no没有;some一些,多用于肯定句;any任何,用于疑问句或否定句。根据“Let’s go
shopping”可知,需要一些学校用品,所以要去购物,故选B。
用法速记口诀2: 五指大法
五指大法定可数;(few,a few,little ,a little 前两个字母数用五个手指可以数得过来,所以修饰可数名词;而
后两个用五个手指数不过来,所以用来修饰不可数名词)
小a口诀定有无:有a有,无a无。(a few,a little都带a ,它们表示有某物,而few和little没有a,表示没
有)
口诀使用范例
There is juice in the fridge. Let's go and buy some.
A.few B.a few C. little D.a little
题目中需要对little/a little/few/a few进行辨析时,用此口诀解题。
答案解析:
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根据题干中的juice可知,空处修饰不可数名词,根据口诀“五指大法定可数”可知,此处应用little或者a
little;其次根据题干中的“Let's go and buy some.”可知,冰箱中的果汁剩余不多,没有多少,所以根据口诀
“小a口诀定有无:有a有,无a无”可知,选little.答案为C.
解题坑点
题目空格前出现only时,多用a few或a little.
母题 6
(2022·辽宁沈阳·统考中考真题)With lights, people can do as ________ things in the evenings as they can in
the daytime.
A.few B.little C.many D.much
【答案】C
【详解】句意:有了灯,人们可以在晚上做跟白天一样多的事情。
考查代词辨析。few没有多少,修饰可数名词;little没有多少,修饰不可数名词;many许多,修饰可数名
词;much许多,修饰不可数名词。things是可数名词,排除B和D选项。根据“With lights, people can do
as… things in the evenings as they can in the daytime”可知,电灯让人们生活更加便利,所以是让人们晚上也
可以做许多事情,故选C。
用法速记口诀3: other五兄弟
有one在前the other;“又一、再一”another;
some身后(the)others;紧接名复选other.
口诀使用范例
She has two sons.One is a teacher,and is a doctor.
A.other B.the other C.another D.others
题目中需要对other系列不定代词进行辨析时,用此口诀解题。
答案解析:
根据题干中的“One is a teacher”,并结合口诀“有one 在前the other”可知,空格处应填the other,故选B.
解题坑点
1.遇到吃、喝、购物场景时,多用 another.
2.见到al1 the other的搭配,后边也是名词复数。
3.another还可紧接基数词,例如another three apples.
母题 7
(2022·内蒙古包头·统考中考真题)Some animals move from one place to ________ at certain times of the year.
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A.another B.other C.the other D.others
【答案】A
【详解】句意:有些动物在一年中的特定时间从一个地方搬到另一个地方。
考查代词辨析。another三者及以上的另一个;other其他的;the other两者中的另一个;others其他人/物。
根据“Some animals move from one place to...at certain times of the year.”可知,此处是从一个地方到另一个地
方,不止两者,故选A。
名校新优子题高分必刷
名校新优子题必刷 1
(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆实验外国语学校校考一模)If we never give up and keep on working hard, success will
belong to ________.
A.we B.our C.us D.ourselves
名校新优子题必刷 2
(2023·江苏泰州·校考三模)—Who teaches ________ English?
—Mr. Huang, ________ is a good teacher, and often makes ________ lessons interesting.
A.your; She; our B.your; He; us C.you; He; our D.you; She; us
名校新优子题必刷 3
(2023·重庆九龙坡·重庆市杨家坪中学校考一模)This is not __________ dictionary. It might be ___________.
A.me; Wu Fang B.mine; Wu Fang’s
C.my; Wu Fang’s D.my; Wu Fang
名校新优子题必刷 4
(2023·天津河西·统考二模)—Are these ________ coats?
—No, they aren’t. ________ are over there.
A.you; Ours B.your; We C.your; Ours D.you; Our
名校新优子题必刷 5
(2023·重庆綦江·校联考一模)No matter what happened to you, you can’t give up ________ and face the
difficulties bravely.
A.you B.yourself C.myself D.my
名校新优子题必刷 6
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(2023·辽宁沈阳·沈阳市第一二六中学校考三模)Don’t be worried about her. She is old enough to take care of
________.
A.herself B.her C.hers D.she
名校新优子题必刷 7
(2023·福建莆田·统考二模)—When shall we meet next week?
—________ day is OK. It depends on you.
A.Any B.Either C.Neither
名校新优子题必刷 8
(2023·天津滨海新·统考二模)We haven’t got ________ meat. Let’s go shopping to get ________ chicken.
A.any; any B.some; any C.some; some D.any; some
名校新优子题必刷 9
(2023·安徽合肥·统考一模)— The washing machine doesn’t work any more.
— There’s a sale on in the supermarket. Why not buy ________?
A.it B.one C.some D.that
名校新优子题必刷 10
(2023·山东青岛·统考二模)—There is ________ milk in our fridge.
—That’s not a problem. Let’s go and buy some.
A.little B.a little C.few D.a few
名校新优子题必刷 11
(2023·上海青浦·统考二模)Tom is a quite careful boy and he makes ________ mistakes in his homework.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
名校新优子题必刷 12
(2023·海南海口·校联考一模)I have a few books about Chinese cooking.You can borrow if you want
________.
A.one B.it C.little
名校新优子题必刷 13
(2023·辽宁丹东·统考一模)The food in the restaurant usually tastes more delicious than ________ we cook at
home.
A.that B.it C.the one D.this
名校新优子题必刷 14
(2023·江苏苏州·苏州高新区第二中学校考二模)Of the three foreigners, one is from Chicago, and ________
two are from London.
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A.other B.the others C.the other D.others
名校新优子题必刷 15
(2023·上海长宁·统考二模)Besides eating Zongzi, there are ________ ways to celebrate the Dragon Boat
Festival.
A.other B.another C.the other D.others
名校新优子题必刷 16
(2023·上海徐汇·统考一模)“The umbrella is in the corner of the room for weeks. ________ is it?” asked the
monitor.
A.Who B.Which C.What D.Whose
名校新优子题必刷 17
(2023·福建·一模)The library has many kinds of books, so we can choose ________ we like there.
A.whenever B.whatever C.whoever
名校新优子题必刷 18
(2023·福建龙岩·统考一模)—Who is singing in the next room?
—________ must be Mary.
A.She B.This C.It
名校新优子题必刷 19
(2023·吉林长春·统考一模)Jane seems strange. I find _______ hard to get along with her.
A.one B.it C.this D.that
名校新优子题必刷 20
(2023·吉林长春·统考二模)I think ________ not difficult ________ English every morning.
A.that; keep reading B.it’s; to keep reading C.that; to keep read D.it; to keep
to read
名校新优子题必刷 21
(2023·广西贵港·统考三模)It’s time ________ class. Let’s stop talking!
A.to B.in C.for
名校新优子题必刷 22
(2023·新疆乌鲁木齐·乌市八中校考三模)It ___________ Peter an hour ___________ his homework
yesterday.
A.spent; finishing B.spent; to finish
C.took; finishing D.took; to finish
名校新优子题必刷 23
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(2023·江苏南京·南京外国语学校仙林分校校考三模)The coronation(加冕) of Charles III was a more modest
size than of the late Queen Elizabeth, with far fewer guests in Westminster Abbey(威斯敏斯特大教堂) and a
march back to Buckingham Palace which only covered about a quarter of the distance compared to 1953.
A.it B.that C.one D.this
名校新优子题必刷 24
(2020·甘肃金昌·校考模拟预测)We should help each other.
A.one another B.good friends C.the others D.poor people
名校新优子题必刷 25
(2023·黑龙江绥化·校联考三模)—Would you give me ________ to read?
—Let me see!
A.anything interesting B.something interesting C.interesting anything
10