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第 07 讲 连词
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航····························································································································2
02 知识导图·思维引航····························································································································2
03 考点突破·考法探究····························································································································3
【基础详单】
知识点1 连词概述························································································································3
知识点2 连词命题规律 ··············································································································4
考点一 并列连词
知识点1 并列、顺承关系·······································································································4
知识点2 转折、对比关系·······································································································5
知识点3 选择关系···················································································································6
知识点4 因果关系····················································································································7
知识点5 when作并列连词····································································································7
考点二 从属连词
知识点1 引导名词性从句·········································································································8
知识点2 引导状语从句·············································································································9
04真题练习·命题洞现
1.真题实战······································································································································9
2.命题演练 ·································································································································10
题型 年份 卷别 考点统计 考情分析
语法 2024 新课标II卷 and 分析近年高考真题可全国甲卷 but→and（改错）
新课标I卷 or
新课标II卷 and 知，连词近四年在语法填空
2023
全国乙卷 and 和短文改错中就考查 14
浙江1月 and 处，可见其命题热度。高考
命题对连词考查在语法填空
新课标I卷 and
中以无提示词的形式出现；
全国乙卷 and
填空
在短文改错中以连词错用或
、 2022
全国甲卷 or→and（改错） 漏用形式出现。
短文
并列连词考查的难点在于判
改错 浙江6月 and 断并列连词在复杂语境中的
逻辑关系；
新课标I卷 and 复习目标：
新课标II卷 and 1. 并列连词的用
法
2011 全国甲卷 but
2. 从属连词的用法
浙江1月 and【基础详单】
知识点1 连词概述
连词是一种虚词。用于连接单词、短语、从句或句子，在句子中不单独用作句子成分。连词按其性质
可分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用于连接并列的单词、短语、从句或句子，如and, but, or, for等
从属连词主要引出名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句等)和状语从句(时间状语从句、条件状语
从句、目的状语从句等)，引出名词性从句的连词如 that, whether 等，引出状语从句的连词如 when,
because, since, if 等。
知识点2 命题规律
并列连词是近年高考的必考点和易错点，主要考查其连接平衡结构、并列连词连接句子。
1. 考查and型并列句，连接两个并列的名词、代词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、分词甚至从句等。
2. 考查or, so, but型并列句，前后句构成逻辑上因果关系、选择关系、转折关系。
3. 考查并列句在短文改错的用法，主要是区分前后句逻辑关系。
从属连词主要考查其在各种状语从句中的含义和逻辑关系。
考点一 并列连词
知识点1 并列、顺承关系
表示并列或顺承关系的连词有and（和，及，同，并）, both...and...（既...又；......二者都）, as well as
（和，以及，除......之外还）, not only…but also…（不但......而且......）, neither…nor…（既不......也
不......，二者都不）等，其中重点掌握and的用法：
1. 当连接三个以上并列的成分时，一般在最后两者之间加and, 其余用逗号分开；
Solid, liquid and gas are the three states of matter.固体、液体和气体是物质的三种状态。
2. 祈使句+and+陈述句相当于if从句+主句。and译为“那么，就”
Work hard and you will succeed. 努力工作，你就会成功。
易错提醒：1.肯定句中表并列用and, 否定句用or来代替。2.注意not only… but also，neither...nor...连接
主语时用就近原则；3. as well as连接主语时用就远原则。
例1.Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair
of needles and learn to knit (编织).【2024·全国甲卷·阅读理解】
加入哈佛大学本科生编织圈，用线制作绒球和流苏，或者拿起一对针并学习编织（编织）。
例2.Millions of waterfowl were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious
sportsmen.【2021·新高考I卷·阅读理解】
数以百万计的水禽死于贩猎猎人以及少数野心啵啵的打猎爱好者之手。
例3.They never look laze or untidy. 【2021·新高考I卷·阅读理解】
他们从不看起来懒惰和邋遢。例4.Not only Linda but also I am good at English.
不仅琳达，我也擅长英语。
例5. Both you and I have changed a lot in the past twenty years.
我们俩在过去二十年中改变很大。
例5. Amy, as well as her brothers, was given a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.
【2019·天津卷·知识运用】
上周，艾米和她的兄弟们回到村子时，受到了热烈欢迎。
例4. Although Mary loved flowers, neither she nor her husband was known as a gardener.【2021·浙江
卷】
虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名气的园丁。
典例1 (2024新课标II卷高考真题完形填空) Recalling watching a Chinese opera version of Shakespeare’s
play Richard III in Shanghai and meeting Chinese actors who came to Stratford a few years ago to perform parts of
The Peony Pavilion, Edmondson said, “It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ________ see how
Tang’s play was being performed.”
典例2.（2024年河北省衡水中学高三试题）The new regulation, which came into force starting from March
l,2023, prohibits six kinds of behaviors that harm ancient tea plants ________ their growing environment.
变式训练1.（2024年新高考I卷阅读理解改编）Today, most records of biodiversity are often in the form of
photos, videos, __________ other digital records.
变式训练2.The data is based on more than 491，000 older adults who used home care between 2007 and 2013
__________is focused on people who are likely to die within the next five years.
知识点2 转折、对比关系
表示转折、对比关系的连词有 but（但是），yet（然而），while（然而），whereas（然而），
nevertheless（然而，不过）
易错提醒：but不能与although/though连用，但可以和yet连用。
例1. The situation looked desperate，but they didn’t give up hope.
形势看来十分危急，但他们并没有放弃希望。
例2. You ate a lot for lunch, whereas I had just a sandwich.
你午餐吃了很多而我只吃了个三明治。
例3. I am willing, yet unable.我心有余而力不足。
例4. Although I live alone, yet I am very happy.
=I live alone, but I am very happy.
我虽然一个人生活，但很愉快。
例5. He is fat while his sister is thin.他胖而他的姐姐瘦.
典例1.（2024·江苏南通高三·期末）Whether it is a planner that you stick on the wall a calendar app
on your smartphone, finding an organization tool that works well for you is essential.
典例2.（2024·陕西咸阳·三模）Behind all the high technology in this Winter Olympics is a display of Beijing's
scientific and technological innovation. Chinese people not only celebrate the athletes, celebrate the
advances in technology that connect us and make our lives better.
变式训练1.Standing on the stage and performing can be tough, when you do it in a group, it can help
improve your sense of self as well as increase your confidence.
变式训练2.Harvests grew larger and higher quality, ___ __ ___ another result was that some traditional crops were
lost.
知识点3 选择关系
表示选择关系的连词有or（或者）, either ... or ...,（或者......或者......；不是......就是......） not...but...（不
是......而是......）, or else（或者）, rather than（而不是）
易错提醒：1. 在“祈使句+or...”结构中，相当于if...not+主句“否则，要不然”，or表示“否
则”2.either...or...；not...but..., rather than连接主语时谓语采用就近原则。
例1. Either you or he has to go=Either he or you have to go.不是你就是他得去。
例2. Study hard, or you will fail in the exam.
=If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late for school.
努力学习，否则你不会通过这次考试。
例3. Not Father but Mother was present at the ceremony.
不是父亲而是母亲出席了这一仪式。
例4. He prefers walking to work rather than taking the bus.
他更喜欢步行上班，而不是乘坐公交车。
典例1.（2021年浙江卷阅读理解】 Researchers trained a group of 11 dogs to distinguish between images
of the same person making either a happy or an angry face.典例2（2024年河北省邯郸高三名校试题）To make the work easier, workers may have lubricated the
paths either with wet clay ___________ with the fat from cattle.
变式训练1.Neither the twins nor their father (be) addicted to online games at present.
知识点4 因果关系
表示选择关系的连词有for（因为），结构为：简单句(结果)+for简单句(原因)， so（所以），结构为:简
单句(原因 )+so+ 简单句结果)
易错提醒：1. for引出表原因的分句只能后置，并用逗号与前面的句子隔开，主要表示推测性的原因，或
附带解释说明前一分句的情况。2. so用于连接句子，第一个叙述原因，第二个表示结果。
例1. He was ill, so he didn’t go to school
因为他生病了，所以没有去上学。
例2. It must have rained last night, for it is wet all over.
昨晚一定下雨了，因为到处都是湿的。
例3. The shops were closed, so I didn’t get any milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没有买的牛奶。
典例（2020 年北京卷阅读理解）Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more
information while in the app and continue learning outside of it.
知识点5 when作并列连词
when可用作并列连词，意为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：
1. sb was about to do sth when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……
2. sb was on the point of doing sth when...某人正要做某事，这时突然……
3. sb was doing sth when...某人正在做某事，这时突然……
4. sb had just done sth when...某人刚做完某事，这时突然……
例1. I was watching TV when the telephone rang.
我正在看电视，这时电话响了。
例2. We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正要动身，天空突然开始下雨。
例3. I had just finished my homework when John came to me.
我刚写完作业，约翰就来找我了。例4. We were about to get down the hill when it suddenly began to snow heavily.
我们正打算下山，就在这时，突然下起了大雪。
典例1. （2024年河南省高三试题）Shi Lei was cycling to work he spotted an elderly woman fell
into the icy water.
典例2.（2024年全国高三专项训练） I was on the point of giving up the search something caught my
eye in the bushes.
考点二 从属连词
知识点1 引导名词性从句
引导名词性从句的从属连词有以下几类，分别引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
连接词：that, whether, if, no matter
连接代词：who, whom, which, what, whatever,whoever, whomever, whichever
连接副词：when, where, how, why等。
连接词that不充当句子成分，没有词义;
连接词whether和if不充当句子成分，有词义；
连接代词充当主语、宾语、表语和定语；
连接副词充当状语。
典例 1.（2024 年四川成都模拟预测）One cannot help but wonder the man was holding, when
looking up to the famous bronze standing man, in Sanxingdui, an archaeological (考古) site located in Sichuan
province.
典例2.（2024年四川成都模拟预测）To eat one, you have to decide to dip it in a sweet and sour
sauce first, adding an extra layer of flavor, or to enjoy it on its own, letting the roll’s own taste shine through.
知识点2 引导状语从句
引导状语从句的从属连词有连接代词和连接副词，分别引导时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、
目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、比较状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句。
例1. If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.（连词if引导条件状语从句)
如果宠物猫饿了，它会不停地喵喵叫以吸引注意力并寻找食物。【2024·全国甲卷·阅读理解】
例2. When the house was built, it was much smaller than it is today.这栋房子建成时比现在小得多。
典例1.（2024年江苏省镇江三模）After receiving the challenge, it took Song and her colleagues six months to
research and decide on to restore the books.
典例2. 【2024年全国甲卷阅读理解】 That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out
how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.(连词why引导名词性从句)
（名词性从句和状语从句更多知识见本专辑专题）
一、 真题实战
1. （2024年全国甲卷改错） Last week, I saw a program about Chongqing hotpot on TV. I was curious but
planned a special one-day trip there with a friend of mine.
2.（2023年新课标II卷） It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop ___ to see the
pandas settle into their new home.
3.（2022年全国乙卷）The “First International Tea Day Tea Road Cooperative Initiative” issued (发布) at the
ceremony calls for people working in the tea industry to come together to promote international cooperation
____________ cultural exchanges.
4.（2023 年九省联考卷）He reports that his students are taking more care with their work, and their self-
confidence has improved as well. He is happy with the improvement he sees in his students’ writing ___ ____ ___
in his own writing.
5.（2020年全国I卷改错）First I cut the tomatoes into pieces but put them aside.
6.（2020年全国II卷改错）Actually, I started to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, for I have long been
out of practice.
二、 命题演练
1.（2024年福建高三期末试题）WuYuan Skywells Hotel in Jiangxi province, a previously neglected 300-year-
old mansion (宅第), was incredibly restored to its former glory, while maintaining its regional architectural feature-
Tian jing, a narrow and tall courtyard which pulled sunlight inside, introducing elements of modern
comfort.
2.（2024年河南省高三阶段练习）As Xiamen is in the southeast of China and close to the sea, it’s neither too
cold in winter too hot in summer.3.（2024年广东广州模拟试题）Fan zhongyan was not only concerned about his own personal welfare,
was firm in his desire to look after the needs of the common people.
4.（2024年江西高三模拟试题）In each corner of the Forbidden City, lifelike dragons in various shapes can be
seen, showing not only beautiful craftsmanship, carrying deep historical and cultural meanings.
5.（2024年江西高三模拟试题）It sheds light on the beautiful and the ugly tries to understand the
function of both.
6.（2024年云南省昆明高三模拟试题）Representing wisdom, power, and wealth, dragons are respected and
honored in Chinese culture, which are said to scare away evil spirits and bad luck. In ancient times, when there
was no rain for a long time, people not only prayed for rain with a dragon dance, ____ prayed against
insect attacks after planting.
7.（2024年安徽高三模拟试题）During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing
arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
