文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．lens n．(照相机、摄像机的)镜头
2．grocery n．食品杂货店
3．grocery store超级市场
4．faraway adj.遥远的
5．celebrity n．名人，明星
6．anthropologist n．人类学家
7．atomic adj.原子能的；核能的
8．hydrogen n．氢
9．propulsion n．(车辆等的)推进力
10．jet propulsion喷气推进
11．acclaim n．表扬，赞赏
12．shun v．(故意)避开，躲开
13．spotlight n．聚光灯；媒体的关注
14．harsh adj.恶劣的，艰苦的，严峻的
15．prosperous adj.富裕的，繁荣的，兴旺的，发达的
16．antique n．古董，古玩，古物
17．crimson adj.深红色的
18．workplace n．工作场所
19．timepiece n．计时器；钟；表
20．envoy n．使者，使节
21．intricate adj.错综复杂的
22．painstaking adj.小心的；费尽心思的；精心的
23．workshop n．车间，工场
24．melody n．歌曲；曲调
25．gigantic adj.巨大的，庞大的26．flap v．振(翼)，扑动(翅膀)
27．spin v．将(棉花、羊毛等)纺成(线)，纺(线)
28．exaggeration n．夸大，夸张
29．metaphor n．隐喻，暗喻
30．nonetheless adv.然而，但是；尽管如此，虽然如此
31．artisan n．工匠，手艺人
32．apt adj.适当的，恰当的
33．timeless adj.永恒的，恒久的；永不过时的
34．sedately adv.安静地；慢悠悠地
35．modest adj.谦虚的，谦逊的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．pose v．(使)摆好姿势
2．trial n．试验
3．courtyard n．庭院，院子
4．precious adj.珍稀的；贵重的
5．polish v．擦亮，擦光
6．bark v．(狗)吠叫
7．essay n．短文，论说文
8．comprise v．包括，由……构成
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．fascination n．着迷，迷恋；魅力；极大的吸引力→fascinate v．吸引；迷住→fascinating
adj.迷人的→fascinated adj.被迷住的；极感兴趣的
2．fashion n．时尚→fashionable adj.时髦的；流行的
3．uncomplicated adj.不复杂的，简单的；单纯的→complicated(反) adj.复杂的；难懂的
→complicate v．使复杂化→complication n．使复杂化的事物
4．craft n．(某一行业所需的)技能；工艺；手艺→craftsman n．工匠；手艺人
→craftsmanship n．手艺；工艺；技艺
5．restoration n．(旧建筑或旧家具等的)修复，整修→restore v．恢复；修复
6．maximum n．最大量，最大值→minimum(反) n．最小量，最小值
7．preserve v．维护，保护；保存→preservation n．保护
8．dominate v．支配，控制，主宰→domination n．控制；统治
9．architecture n．建筑风格，建筑设计→architect n．建筑师
10．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的→ambition n．野心；雄心
11．associate v．与……有关→association n．联系；协会；社团→associated adj.有联系的；
联合的12．analysis (pl.analyses)n.分析→analyse v．分析
1．fuss /fʌs/ n．无谓的激动；大惊小怪；小题大做
make a fuss (about sth)(因某事)大惊小怪
2．forbid /fə'bId/ vt.(forbade/fə'bæd；fə'beId/，forbidden /fə'bIdn/) 禁止；不许
forbid sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事
3．halt /hɔːlt/ vi.停止 vt.阻止 n．停止；暂停
come to a halt停止；停滞
4．underestimate /ˌʌndər'estImət/ vt.& vi.低估；看轻
5．in the flesh本人；活生生地
6．beware /bI'weə(r)/ vi.& vt.当心；提防；注意
beware of当心；谨防
7．curse /kɜːs/ vt.& vi.诅咒；咒骂
8．touch on提及
9．flatter /'flætə(r)/ vt.奉承；讨好
10．rehearse /rI'hɜːs/ vt.& vi.排练；排演
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．by trial and error 反复试验(以得出最佳结果)
2．back down 退让；认输
3．the cutting edge (of sth)(某事物发展的)尖端，最前沿
4．think outside the box 不拘一格地思考，跳出框框思考
5．break new ground 开辟新的领域；有新发现
6．nothing more than 不过；仅仅；只有
7．pose for为……摆好姿势
8．regardless of不管，不顾；不理会
9．approach to ……的方法；通往……的路
10．contribute to 有助于；导致
11．at one’s own pace按某人自己的步调
12．day in，day out日复一日
13．range from...to...范围涵盖……到……
14．bring...back to life使……复活，使……重生
15．date back to 追溯到；始于
16．pass on...to把……传给
17．take on承担；呈现；具有(特征)；雇用18．take up占用，花费(时间、空间或精力)；开始从事
19．leave (...) behind 遗留，把……落在后面
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．He would even stay outside in a storm，not coming back until he knew he had the right
photos.(not...until...)
甚至在暴风雨时，他也会待在外面，直到他认为自己已经拍摄到满意的照片才回家。
2．He valued his integrity and would not be bought by anyone，no matter how many free clothes
or flights to faraway destinations he was offered.(“no matter＋疑问词”引导的让步状语从句)
他珍视自己的正直，不为任何人所动摇，无论提供给他多少免费衣物或远程航班。
3．If it hadn’t been for a three-episode documentary，outsiders would never have known that
the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their craft，who have spent their lives
restoring precious antiques.(if引导的虚拟条件句)
若不是一部三集的纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道，在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的人都是
精于各门技艺的大师，他们毕生都在修复珍贵的古董。
4．Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored，there would still be work to do，
because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks that were repaired long ago.
(even if 引导让步状语从句)
即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做，因为可能需要重新开始对很久
以前修复的钟表进行修复。
He has become a celebrity and nonetheless，he is still modest and hard-working.He’s
1.____________(charm) in the spotlight.He carefully 2.____________(pose) for each photograph
for fashion advertisement.He takes every scene seriously whether the situation is
uncomplicated，intricate 3.____________ harsh.The painstaking efforts he has made in every
film help boost his fame.That’s 4.____________ he can achieve his ambition in the prosperous
film industry.He doesn’t spend money 5.____________ expensive courtyards or antiques like
most celebrities but makes maximum efforts 6.____________(preserve) ancient precious
architecture.He has a fascination for everything 7.________(associate) with the restoration of
cultural relics.He thinks outside the box and breaks new ground，which wins him lots of
acclaim.He has organised a team which comprises fifty 8.____________(artisan) with high
craftsmanship.9._________(use) scientific analyses and 10.____________(they) perfect
crafts，they are busy restoring relics by trial and error.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
nothing more than＝no more than 不过是；仅仅；只有
·more than后接数词时，表示“超过；不止”，相当于over；后接名词时，意为“不只是；不仅仅……”，相当于not only；后接形容词/副词时，意为“非常，很”，相当于very。
·more A than B 与其说B不如说A
·not more than＋基数词，表示“最多；不超过”。
(应用文写作之邀请信)如果你能在下周五晚上7点来我家参加我的生日聚会，我会非常高兴。
会有十多个朋友(参加)。聚会不仅仅是为了好玩，也是为了相互交流。所以请接受我诚挚的
邀请。
__________________________ if you could come and join in my birthday party at 7 p．m.next
Friday at my home. __________.______________________________ ；it is also for mutual
communication.So please accept my sincere invitation.
back down 退让，认输
back up支持，援助；倒退
back away from放弃；躲避；退避
back and forth往返，来回
turn one’s back on背对；背弃
go back on违背，食言
(1)With so many people backing me ____________，I finally gained this precious opportunity.
(2)(读后续写之情感描写)得知儿子会认输，违背他最初的承诺，我在客厅里焦急地来回踱步，
考虑如何说服他不要因为暂时的困难而放弃。
Learning that my son would _________________________，I anxiously ______________ in the
sitting room，considering how to persuade him not to ________________ temporary difficulties.
date back to (＝date from) 追溯到；始于；起源于
date back追溯；上溯(后接时间段)
out of date(out-of-date) 过时的，过期的
up to date(up-to-date) 最新的；现代的；新式的；拥有最新信息的
(1)Everyone should keep on getting himself educated so as to be up __________ date with modern
technology.
(2)The coat is _________ of date，so you’d better choose another style of fashion in this store.
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)中国饮茶文化源远流长，可以追溯到1 000多年前。
①Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history ____________________________________
more than 1,000 years ago.(定语从句)
②Chinese tea-drinking culture has a long history ________________________ more than 1,000
years ago.(分词短语作定语)
用法点拨 date back (to)一般只用现在时态，没有被动语态。leave (...) behind 遗留；把……落在后面
leave out漏掉；不包括；不理会；忽视
leave...alone不管；别惹；让……一个人待着
leave aside不予考虑；搁置一边
leave for动身去(某地)
leave off停止；中断
(1)用leave短语的正确形式填空
①“Just mind your own business and ________ me ____________，” said the guy impatiently.
②(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)In the five-kilometer cross-country running race，so fast did
Sarah run that she soon ____________ the rest of us ____________.
③(应用文写作之建议信)It would be a good idea if we could ____________ the challenging
problem temporarily and ____________ the park to get refreshed.
(2)我们将从上节课结束的地方开始。仔细听，以防你可能遗漏一些重要的知识点。
We’ll begin from ____________ and do listen carefully in case you might _________________.
if 引导的虚拟条件句 If it hadn ’ t been for a three-episode documentary，outsiders
would never have known that the plainly-dressed people working here are masters of their
craft...若不是一部三集的纪录片，外面的人永远也不会知道，在这里工作的那些衣着朴素的
人都是精于各门技艺的大师……
虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用如下：
·与现在事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词一般用were)，主句谓语动词用“would/
could/should/might＋动词原形”
·与过去事实相反，从句谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句谓语动词用“would/could/
should/might＋have＋过去分词”
·与将来事实相反，从句谓语动词用过去式、were to do 或 should do，主句谓语动词用
“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”
(1)If it ________________________(rain) tomorrow，I wouldn’t go to the grocery store.
(2)(应用文写作之演讲稿)受邀在这里发表演讲我倍感荣幸。如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让
我们的城市更干净，让街上没有任何垃圾。
I feel honored to be invited here to deliver a speech.____________________________ with no
rubbish lying on the street.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我感激地说：“如果你没有给我提好的建议，我就不会在激
烈的比赛中获得第一名。”
I said gratefully，“__________________________________________”
even if/though Even if every clock in the Palace Museum were restored，there wouldstill be work to do，because restoration would probably need to begin again on the clocks
that were repaired long ago.即使故宫博物院的每一件钟表都被修复了，仍然有工作要做，因
为可能需要重新开始对很久以前修复的钟表进行修复。
·even if/though即使，尽管，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来
时。在主从句主语相同或从句主语为 it且从句谓语动词含有be动词时也可采用省略结构，
即省略从句的主语和be动词。
·even so即使如此；尽管这样
(1)Her salary is very high.Even _____________，she won’t spend much money in decorating her
new house.
(2)You ought to carry on with your dream，even if ______(face) a lot of difficulty.
(3)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)即使我吓得浑身颤抖，我仍然鼓起勇气，走上舞台，开始了我
的演讲。
_______________，I still gathered up all my courage，stepped on the stage and began my speech.
用法点拨 让步状语从句的引导词归纳：常用引导词：though；although；even if；even
though
特殊引导词：as(从句必须倒装)；while(一般用在句首)；no matter＋疑问词；疑问词＋-
ever；whether...or...
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．pose
(1)The researchers pose problems that require detailed technical help.________
(2)This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry.________
(3)Please sit still while you pose for your photo.________
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)They just need to polish their technique.____________________
(2)The ambitious project was completed in only nine months.____________________
(3)(2022·浙江1月)Travelling to conferences，lectures，workshops，and the like—frequently by
plane—is viewed as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.________ _
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He is acknowledged to be an __________(ambition) boy，because he wants to be a scientist
like Einstein.
2．What we can’t overlook is that smoking does contribute ____________ lung cancer.
3．The novelist reads all kinds of books，____________(range) from poetry to science fiction.4．With joint efforts，we should boost our confidence in preserving Chinese traditions
____________ disappearing.
5．As far as I am concerned，my skinny roommate is more hard-working ____________
intelligent.
6．The graceful guide is intently introducing an exquisite vase ____________(date) back to
the Ming Dynasty.
7．My loyal friend told me that the committee was comprised ____________ representatives from
all walks of life.
8．He exclaimed in admiration，“How ____________(fashion) your dress is！You look like a
movie star.”
9 ． The wretch might have found a better hotel if he ____________(drive) a few more
kilometers.
10．Since you came here，our city has taken __________ a new look and we must express our
heartfelt thanks to you.
假定你是李华，你将参加校英文报举办的主题为“The Scientist I Admire Most”的演讲
比赛，请写一篇演讲稿。
完成句子
1．我最钦佩的科学家是钟南山，他在困难面前从不退缩，为医学领域做出了巨大的贡献。
(back down；定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．众所周知，他会毫不犹豫地前往发生传染病的地方。(leave for；定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．即使冒着生命危险，他也会献身于抢救疫区的病人。(even if)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．如果不是因为他的无私、勇敢和奉献，他不会赢得中国人的尊重。(if引导的虚拟语气)
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．在业余时间，他非常愿意学习最新的医学资料，以便更好地为人民服务。(more than；so
that)
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[人物描写] fascination；painstaking；sedately；modest；ambitious
亮词 [科学探索] craft；by trial and error；the cutting edge (of sth)；think outside the box；
break new ground；analysis
1.A white-haired old man riding an ordinary bicycle around the streets of New York，
always wearing the same blue worker’s jacket and simple black running shoes.(外貌描
美句 写)
2．However，he sought no fame and shunned the spotlight，returning to China with great
resolution.(人物描写)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：笑(二)
单词 giggle咯咯地笑，傻笑 sneer嘲笑；讥讽
with a laugh笑了一声 laugh from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴 howl with laughter放声大
笑 laugh heartily开怀大笑 scream with laughter捧腹大笑 smile bitterly苦笑
词块
smile shyly羞答答地微笑 split into a smile绽放微笑 wear a broad smile面带微笑
chuckle softly低声轻笑 throw sb a faint smile对某人微微一笑
After years of painstaking research，they were rewarded with a great breakthrough，the
smile on their faces shining like a diamond.(独立主格)经过多年的潜心研究，他们取
得了巨大的突破，他们脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
She didn’t say a word，but smiled a watery smile and held my hand tightly.她一句话
也没说，只是含泪笑了笑，紧紧地握着我的手。
句型
On the way we met Mrs Patrick，laughing guiltily as if she were doing something wrong.
(现在分词短语作状语)在路上，我们遇到了帕特里克夫人，她内疚地笑着，好像做错
了什么似的。
Wearing a broad smile，my mother gently patted me on the shoulder and uttered，“You
can do it.”(现在分词短语作状语)妈妈面带微笑，轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，说：“你能行的。”
“Look at him，” Fen chuckled softly，and her eyes grew wide.“看他，”芬低声轻
笑地说，眼睛睁得大大的。
All at once，the teacher’s serious expression softened into a smile.突然，老师严肃的
表情变成了微笑。
So excited were they that they jumped up and down，laughing from ear to ear.(现在分词
短语作状语)
他们兴奋得跳上跳下，笑得合不拢嘴。
语料运用 工匠精神
Having a fascination for traditional Chinese medicine，Tu Youyou and her team thought
outside the box and broke new ground in how to treat malaria.They tested ancient Chinese medical
treatments by trial and error and after so many failures，①_______________________，not
knowing when to find the answer.②______________(现在分词短语作状语)，Tu Youyou
patiently encouraged them.They threw her a faint smile，continuing to work hard.After years of
painstaking research，they were rewarded with a great breakthrough，③_______________(独立
主格)．So excited were they that they jumped up and down，laughing from ear to ear.When
commenting on her winning the Nobel Prize，modest Tu Youyou ④________________，
saying，“It is our tireless efforts and the support of all the Chinese people that make us
succeed.”
屠呦呦和她的团队对中医非常着迷，他们在如何治疗疟疾方面打破了常规，开辟了新的
领域。他们通过反复试验来检验古代中医疗法，在多次失败后，团队成员苦笑着，不知道什
么时候才能找到答案。屠呦呦面带微笑，耐心地鼓励他们。他们对她微微一笑，继续努力工
作。经过多年的艰苦研究，他们取得了一项重大突破，他们脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪发光。
他们兴奋得跳上跳下，笑得合不拢嘴。在就获得诺贝尔奖发表感言时，谦虚的屠呦呦绽放微
笑，说：“是我们不懈的努力和全体中国人民的支持使我们取得了成功。”
