文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．graph n．图；图表；曲线图
2．emission n．排放物；散发物；排放
3．seal n．海豹
4．methane n．甲烷；沼气
5．dioxide n．二氧化物
6．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
7．habitable adj.适合居住的
8．fossil n．化石
9．fossil fuel化石燃料(如煤或石油)
10．worldwide adv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的
11．footprint n．足迹；(某物所占的)空间量；面积
12．basin n．流域；盆地；盆
13．penguin n．企鹅
14．implement vt.使生效；贯彻；执行
15．moderate adj.适度的；中等的；温和的 vi.& vt.缓和；使适中
16．tropical adj.热带的；来自热带的
17．nuclear adj.原子能的；核能的；原子核的
18．jungle n．(热带)丛林；密林
19．smog n．烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
20．originate vi.& vt.起源；发源；创立
21．volume n．量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷
22．enterprise n．公司；企业；事业
23．regulation n．章程；规章制度
24．disposal n．去掉；清除；处理
25．waterway n．水道；航道26．agenda n．议程表；议事日程
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．melt vi.& vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化
2．ecology n．生态；生态学
3．release vt.& n．排放；释放；发布
4．carbon n．碳
5．fuel n．燃料；刺激性言行 vt.加强；刺激
6．comprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的
7．trend n．趋势；趋向；动向
8．broadcast vt.& vi.(broadcast，broadcast)播送；广播；传播 n．广播节目；电视节目
9．policy n．政策；方针；原则
10．seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制
11．reform vt.& vi.改革；(使)改正；改造 n．改革；变革；改良
12．undergo vt.(underwent，undergone)经历；经受(变化、不快等)
13．annual adj.每年的；一年的 n．年刊；年鉴
14．chaos n．混乱；杂乱；紊乱
15．garbage n．垃圾；废物
16．restore vt.恢复；使复原；修复
17．dozen n．(一)打；十二个
18．fine vt.对……处以罚款
19．campaign n．运动；战役 vi.& vt.参加运动；领导运动
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→starvation n．饥饿；饿死
2．sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj.可持续的；合理利用的
3．frequently adv.频繁地；经常→frequent adj.频繁的→frequency n．频繁；频率
4．restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚→restriction n．限制规定；限制法规；约束→restrictive adj.
限制性的；约束性的
5．harmonious adj.和谐的→harmony n．和谐→harmoniously adv.和谐地
6．submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服
7．sensitive adj.敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的→sensible adj.明智的；合理的→sense n．意
义；感官 vt.感觉到；察觉到
8．conservation n．(对环境、文物等)保护；保持→conservative adj.保守的；守旧的
→conserve v．保护；保存；节省；节约
9．inspection n．检查；查看；视察→inspect vt.检查；视察；检阅→inspector n．检察员；督察员
10．tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的→tolerance n．容忍
1．clash /klæʃ/ n．撞击声；冲突 vi.发出撞击声；冲突
2．alert /ə'lɜːt/ vt.使警惕；使戒备 adj.警惕的；戒备的
3．furious /'fjʊəriəs/ adj.猛烈的；狂怒的
4．scatter /'skætə(r)/ vt.& vi.撒；散开
5．penetrate /'penətreIt/ vt.& vi.打入；进入；穿透
6．tragedy /'trædʒədi/ n．悲剧；不幸
7．utterly /'ʌtəli/ adv.彻底地；完全地
8．plead /pliːd/ vi.& vt.恳求；认(罪)
9．clutch /klʌtʃ/ vi.& vt.猛地抓住；紧握
10．quiver /'kwIvə(r)/ n．箭筒；轻微的颤抖 vi.颤抖；哆嗦
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人
2．dozens of 许多；很多
3．have an impact on对……有影响
4．lead to导致
5．cause damage to对……造成损害
6．take measures采取措施
7．deal with处理
8．a number of许多
9．carry out履行；执行
10．in effect在实施中；实际上
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer(see the graph)．(There is little
doubt that...毫无疑问……)
毫无疑问，地球正变得越来越温暖(如图)。
2．Experts claimed that low sea-ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not
hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food.(过去分词短语作后
置定语)
专家声称，气候变化导致的海冰面降低意味着北极熊无法像以前那样捕食海豹，因此它不得
不走更远的距离去寻找食物。
3．The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from the sun enters the
atmosphere and warms Earth’s surface as short-wave radiation.(that引导的同位语从句)“天然”温室效应指的是来自太阳的热量以短波辐射的形式进入大气层，使地表变暖。
4．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.(含蓄虚拟条件句)
如果没有这个过程，地球就无法维系生命。
5．When people produce huge amounts of extra greenhouse gases by burning fossil fuels，
more heat energy is trapped in the atmosphere and causes Earth’s surface temperature to rise
quickly.(when引导的时间状语从句)当人类由于燃烧化石燃料产生了大量额外的温室气体时，
更多的热能被困在大气层中，导致地表温度迅速上升。
With moderate greenhouse gases ， such as methane and carbon dioxide
1.____________(release) into the atmosphere ， Earth can sustain life.But comprehensive
evidence shows that more heat energy 2.____________ necessary exists because of burning an
increasing volume of fossil fuels.Hence，the warming trend has affected Earth’s ecology
and 3.____________(harmony) development.News reports are 4.____________(frequent)
broadcast about polar bears，seals and penguins that are starved to death because of the
melting ice.Tropical jungles 5.________________(destroy)，making them less habitable for
animals.6.____________ human beings can’t tolerate is that garbage is thrown everywhere，
such as waterways and basins.Faced with the severe situations，worldwide governments have
reformed policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and restore the sensitive
ecology.Dozens of enterprises 7.______________________(submit) and implemented their
conservation regulations,8.______________(say) ， “ We will immediately carry out the
disposal of the waste we produce.” Individuals can also seize every chance
9.________________(reduce) the carbon footprint in the daily life.Although Earth has
undergone some ecological chaos，people from all over the world confidently say that those
measures can create 10.____________ sustainable world.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
starve vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死(starvation n．饥饿；饿死)
starve to death饿死
be starving for sth/to do sth 渴望某事/做某事
同义短语：be thirsty/hungry/eager/desperate for sth/to do sth
(1)What shocks the scientists is that many seals have died from ____________(starve) because of
global warming.
(2)孩子身无分文又饥肠辘辘，站在路边要饭，否则就会饿死。
Penniless and hungry ， the child stood near the road and begged for a meal ， otherwise________________________.
(3)我渴望学好英语，因为掌握英语意味着我们可以通过一个新窗口看世界。(话题写作之语
言学习)
____________________________________，because mastering English means we can see the
world through a new window.
seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制
seize sb by the arm抓住某人的胳膊
表情感的名词＋seize sb某人感到……
(1)警察看到一个小偷，冲向前，抓住了他的胳膊。(读后续写之动作链描写)
The policeman spotted a thief，charged forward and ________________________.
(2)我强烈建议你抓住这个宝贵的机会提高你的英语口语。
I strongly recommend that ___________________________________.
(3)我一看到父亲阴云密布的脸，就感到恐惧。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
The moment I saw my father’s cloudy face，________________________.
submit vt.& vi.提交；呈递；屈服[submission n．提交(物)；呈递(书)；屈服]
submit sth to sb 将某物提交给某人
submit (oneself) to屈从于……
(1)The name ， address ， and telephone number of the cartoonist must be included in the
____________(submit).
(2)An essay not ____________(submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each
class period it is late.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David wiped his tears and held his head high ， remarking
determinedly，“________________________________________________.”
(4)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日前提交申请书和相关资料。(应用文写作之通
知)
Those who are interested in the summer camp must ____________________________________
__________________ by May 15.
tolerate vt.忍受；包容；容许(tolerance n．宽恕；忍耐；容忍 tolerant adj.忍耐的；宽
容的)
•tolerate (sb/sb’s) doing sth 忍受(某人)做某事
•be tolerant of/towards sb/sth 容忍/宽容某人/某事(1)To be honest，my __________ is not limitless，so I will not be always __________ of your
rude behavior.(tolerate)
(2)I can’t tolerate ____________(work) with my partner any more，who is frequently talking to
me when I am absorbed in work.
(3)那些懂得如何包容他人的人自然会过得幸福。
Those ________________________________________________ can naturally lead a happy life.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．release
(1)The new film will be released on July 16 in the downtown cinema.________
(2)The kind girl decides to release the bird from the cage.________
(3)The new software is planned for release in April.________
(4)The factory keeps releasing smoke，making the air dirty.________
2．moderate
(1)By evening the wind had moderated slightly.________
(2)The article was moderate in tone and presented both sides of the case.________
(3)Moderate effort produces the best result.(2022·浙江6月) ________
(4)We’re increasingly aware of the fact that we can’t control Earth systems with engineering
alone，and realizing that we need to moderate our actions if we hope to live in balance.
(2021·北京)________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)Make sure you’ve signed the cheque before sealing the envelope.____________
(2)The insurance policy covers all baggage and personal effects.____________
(3)Let your expertise in one field fuel your passions in all related areas.
(2021·天津3月)____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Whenever the consultant in psychology was worn out，he was starving ____________ a
cup of coffee to refresh himself.
2．So pessimistic was my classmate that he had no idea how ________________(release) his
tremendous pressure.
3．Finally，I made up my mind ____________(seize) the opportunity to enhance my overall
competence.
4．Based on what he observed，the specialist decided on ____________(submit) his medicalreport to the president of the hospital.
5．On behalf ____________ our school，I appeal to each student to take more physical exercise.
6．The dentist was sensitive ____________ criticism，so she couldn’t accept criticism from
others.
7．The surgeon can’t tolerate __________________(disturb) by others when he is absorbed in
reading.
8．To enhance people’s awareness of ________________(conserve) of cultural relics，a lecture
will be given in the city hall this Friday afternoon.
9．Only in this way can we enjoy a ____________(harmony) relationship between parents and
children.
10．Under this Act，all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over must ____________(annual)
purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
假定你是李华，你校学生会即将举办一次以“Earth Guardian”为主题的环境保护运
动，请你代表学生会写一封倡议信，倡导大家积极参与该活动，内容包括：
1.地球环境的现状；
2.该运动的目的和要求；
3.号召大家积极参加。
完成句子
1．毫无疑问，许多人类活动对我们的地球母亲造成了巨大的伤害。(There is little doubt
that...)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2．在这里，我代表学生会提出建议，我们学生应该为环境保护做出一些贡献。(on behalf
of；that引导的同位语从句；conservation)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3．为了建设一个更加和谐和可持续的社会，我们发起了一项名为“地球卫士”的运动，旨
在采取有效和切实可行的措施来保护环境。(harmonious；sustainable；campaign；which引
导的定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
4．对该活动感兴趣的人必须在10月1日之前提交你的申请和相关材料。(submit；定语从
句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5．我真诚地希望你能抓住这个宝贵的机会，立即加入我们。(seize)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[环境描写] melt；ecology；habitable；sustainable；footprint；basin；jungle；
亮词
harmonious adj.→harmony n．；moderate；tropical；sensitive；waterway
[动作描写] starve；release；broadcast；restrict；reform；undergo；submit；
restore v．→restoration n．；fine；tolerate v．→tolerant adj.→tolerance n.
1.There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.(环境描写)
2．A warming ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels
provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate.(环境描写)
3．In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that
was found on Norway’s Arctic island of Svalbard.(情感描写)
4．It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global
warming，along with its causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue
美句
affecting all of us on this planet.(主旨升华)
5．The beautiful Li River and its amazing surrounding scenery is one of the most
well-known tourist destinations in China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.(环
境描写)
6．Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural
environment and felt that urgent steps should be taken to restore the river’s original
beauty.(情感描写)拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：“脚动”
tiptoe v．踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走；barefoot adj.& adv.赤脚；dance v．雀
单词 跃；跳跃；spring v．跳；跃；creep v．悄悄地缓慢行进；chase v．追赶；
flee (away) v．逃跑
in bare feet 光脚；get/rise to one’s feet 起立；struggle to one’s feet 挣扎着站
起来；jump to one’s feet猛地站起、跳起来；spring to one’s feet一跃而起；
词块
leap to one’s feet 跳起来；plant one’s feet to the ground 双脚钉在地上；raise
oneself on tiptoe 踮起脚尖；stamp one’s feet 跺脚
1.Disappointed and frustrated，the poor man dragged his feet back home.这个可
怜的人既失望又沮丧，慢腾腾地回家了。
2.He leapt/jumped/sprang to his feet/jumped up and rushed out of the living
room.他一跃而起，冲出起居室。
3.She planted her feet firmly to the spot and refused to move.她牢牢地站在原
地，一动也不动。
4.He was so worn out that he lifted his feet to leave as if they were 100 kilos.(比
句型
喻)他是如此疲惫以至于抬脚离开时好像双脚有千斤重。
5.The little man left the cottage with a sad，slow step.小个子男人迈着忧伤的步
子慢慢走出了小屋。
6.She tapped/stamped her feet impatiently.她不耐烦地跺着脚。
7.She slipped out of bed and tiptoed to the window.她溜下床，踮起脚尖走向窗
户。
8.He had twisted his ankle and was limping.他扭伤了脚踝，一瘸一拐地走着。
语料运用 保护动物
On an early spring morning ①________________________________________(定语从句)，
my brother and I were having a walk along the country track when a little cat
②________________________(分词短语作后置定语) attracted our eyes.Out of curiosity，
③________________________.We thought it would ④________________________________
seeing us.But the cat just struggled to its feet ，
⑤______________________________________(分词短语作状语)．Approaching closer，we
found in surprise that the little cat ⑥__________________________ and was badly in need of
medical help.Not knowing what to do，⑦______________________________________ and then
decided that we should take it home；⑧______________________________________.
早春的一个早晨，雪还没有完全融化，我和哥哥正在乡间小路上散步，一只躺在干稻草
上的小猫吸引了我们的目光。出于好奇，我们慢慢地踮着脚尖走向它。我们以为它看到我们
会跳起来逃跑，但猫只是挣扎着站起来，发出一些虚弱而痛苦的呻吟。走近时，我们惊讶地发现，这只小猫的一条腿受了重伤，急需医疗救助。不知道该怎么办，我们牢牢地在原地站
了一会儿，然后决定把它带回家，否则它会在寒冷的天气里死去。
