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2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
知识讲解
（一）家庭成员职业类
1. doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/：医生，负责看病治疗病人 。My mother is a doctor.（我妈妈是一
名医生。）
2. farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/：农民，从事农业生产，种植农作物或饲养家畜 。My grandpa is a
farmer. He works on the farm.（我的爷爷是农民，他在农场工作。）
3. nurse /ˈnɜːs/：护士，协助医生照顾病人 。The nurse takes good care of the patients.
（护士把病人照顾得很好。）
4. worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/：工人，包含多种类型，如 factory worker（工厂工人） 、office
worker（办公室职员） 。My father is a factory worker.（我爸爸是一名工厂工人。）
5. cook /ˈkʊk/：厨师，擅长烹饪美食 ；也可作动词，意为 “烹饪” 。The cook makes
delicious food.（这位厨师做的食物很美味。）I can cook eggs.（我会煮鸡蛋。）
（二）家庭活动及状态类
1. busy /ˈbɪzi/：忙碌的，be busy doing sth. 表示 “忙于做某事” 。My mother is busy
cooking dinner.（我妈妈正忙着做晚饭。）
2. tired /ˈtaɪəd/：疲倦的，形容人感到劳累 。I'm tired after a long day at school.（在学
校度过漫长的一天后，我很累。）
3. chore /ˈtʃɔː(r)/：家庭杂务，常用复数形式 chores ，do some chores（做家务） 。I
often do some chores on weekends.（我周末经常做家务。）
4. clean /ˈkliːn/：作动词时，意为 “打扫；清理” ；作形容词时，意为 “干净的” 。I clean
my room every week.（我每周打扫我的房间。）The room is clean.（房间很干净。）
5. room /ˈruːm/：房间，如 bedroom（卧室） 、living room（客厅） 。I sleep in my
bedroom.（我在我的卧室睡觉。）
6. also /ˈɔːlsəʊ/：也，用于句中，位于 be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后，实义动词之
前 。I like apples. I also like bananas.（我喜欢苹果，我也喜欢香蕉。）
7. look after：照顾，照料 ，相当于 take care of 。I can look after my little sister.（我能
照顾我的小妹妹。）
8. sweep /ˈswiːp/：扫，sweep the floor（扫地） 。I sweep the floor every day.（我每
天扫地。）
9. floor /ˈflɔː(r)/：地板；地面 。There is a ball on the floor.（地板上有一个球。）
第 1 页共 7 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
10.together /ˈtəɡeðə(r)/：在一起；共同 。We play together after school.（放学后我们
一起玩。）
11.fun /ˈfʌn/：享乐；乐趣 ，have fun（玩得开心） ，相当于 have a good time 。We
have fun at the party.（我们在聚会上玩得很开心。）
12.helpful /ˈhelpfl/：有帮助的； 有用的 ， be helpful to sb.（对某人有帮助） 。The
book is helpful to me.（这本书对我有帮助。）
13.child /ˈtʃaɪld/（复数 children /ˈtʃɪldrən/）：儿童；小孩 。There are many children in
the park.（公园里有很多小孩。）
（一）询问职业：What's your mother's/father's... job?（你的妈妈 / 爸爸…… 是做什么工作的？）
1. 回答：She's/He's a...（她 / 他是一名……） 。例如：
2. What's your mother's job?（你妈妈是做什么工作的？）
3. She's a nurse.（她是一名护士。）
（二）询问某人是否能做某事及回答：Can you/she/he/we...?（你 / 她 / 他 / 我们能…… 吗？）
1. 肯定回答：Yes, I/she/he/we can. + 具体能做的事.（是的，我 / 她 / 他 / 我们能……）
2. 否定回答：No, I/she/he/we can't.（不，我 / 她 / 他 / 我们不能。） 例如：
3. Can you clean your room?（你能打扫你的房间吗？）
4. Yes, I can. I can clean my room every day.（ 是的， 我能。我每天都能打扫我的房
间。）
（三）描述家庭活动：I/We...（我 / 我们……），后接动词短语描述家庭活动 。
1. I look after my sister.（我照顾我的妹妹。）
2. We cook together.（我们一起做饭。）
（ 四） 提出帮助家人的建议： Mum and Dad are busy and tired. What can we do for them?
（爸爸妈妈又忙又累。我们能为他们做些什么？）
1. 回答：We can...（我们可以……） 。例如：
2. We can do some chores.（我们可以做一些家务活。）
3. I can clean the room.（我会打扫房间。）
字母组合 “ch” 发 /tʃ/ 音 ：发音时，舌尖抵住上齿龈后部，形成阻碍，气流冲破阻碍，摩擦
成音，声带不振动 。常见单词有：teacher（教师）/ˈtiːtʃə(r)/、China（中国）
/ˈtʃaɪnə/、chair（椅子）/ˈtʃeə(r)/、lunch（午餐）/ˈlʌntʃ/、chicken（鸡肉；小鸡）
第 2 页共 7 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
/ˈtʃɪkɪn/ 。可以通过朗读含有“ch” 的单词和句子，如“My grandpa teaches Chinese.
He makes great chairs.” 来加深对该发音的记忆。
（一）一般现在时的运用（表示能力）：在描述某人会做或不会做某事时，使用一般现在时 。当
主语是第一人称（I/we）、第二人称（you）或复数时，动词用原形；当主语是第三人称单数
（he/she/it 或单个人名、单个事物等）时，动词要变成第三人称单数形式（一般在词尾加 -s，以
-s、 -x、 -sh、 -ch、 -o 结尾的动词加 -es ） 。例如：
1. I can cook.（我会做饭。）
2. He can plays football.（错误表达）应改为：He can play football.（他会踢足球。）
（二）情态动词 can 的用法
1. 表示能力，意为 “能；会”，后面接动词原形 。例如：I can sing.（我会唱歌。）
2. 变一般疑问句时，把 can 提到句首，句末用问号 。肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + can.”，否
定回答用 “No, 主语 + can't.” 。例如：
3. Can you swim?（你会游泳吗？）
4. Yes, I can.（是的，我会。） / No, I can't.（不，我不会。）
5. 变否定句时，在 can 后面加 not，可缩写为 can't 。例如：I can't play basketball.（我
不会打篮球。）
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配套练习
（一）选择题（20 道）
1. —What's your father's job?
—He's factory worker.
A. a B. an C. the
2. My mother is a . She works in a hospital.
A. doctor B. teacher C. farmer
3. —Can you help your mother with the housework?
—Yes, I .
A. can B. do C. am
4. I often my room on weekends.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning
5. My sister can the floor.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping
6. There are many in the park.
A. child B. children C. childs
7. My parents are very . They have no time to play with me.
A. busy B. tired C. happy
8. We often have at home.
A. fun B. funny C. funs
9. My grandpa is a . He grows many vegetables.
A. farmer B. doctor C. nurse
10.—What can your brother do?
—He can basketball.
A. play B. plays C. playing
11.My mother is a cook. She can delicious food.
A. cook B. cooks C. cooking
第 4 页共 7 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
12.I'm helpful at home. I often help my mother some chores.
A. do B. does C. doing
13.My father is a . He drives a bus every day.
A. driver B. worker C. teacher
14.My sister is only five years old, but she can herself.
A. look after B. look at C. look for
15.There is a ball the floor.
A. in B. on C. under
16.My mother is a nurse. She often helps people.
A. ill B. sick C. good
17.My family often together on weekends.
A. play B. plays C. playing
18.My father is and he wants to sleep.
A. busy B. tired C. happy
19.My mother is a teacher. She English in a school.
A. teach B. teaches C. teaching
20.I'm a . I can help my parents at home.
A. helpful child B. help child C. helping child
二、完型填空（20 道）
I have a happy 1 . There are three people in my family, my father, my
mother and 2 . My father is a 3 . He works in a hospital. He likes 4 his
patients（病人）. My mother is a teacher. She 5 English in a school. She is very
kind 6 her students. I'm a student. I 7 in a primary school. I often 8 my
parents at home. I can 9 my room and 10 the floor. Sometimes I 11 for
my family. My parents 12 me very much. We often 13 together
and 14 fun. My father likes 15 TV. My mother likes reading books. I like
第 5 页共 7 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
16 games. On weekends, we often go to the park. We 17 a good time
there. We love each 18 . I'm 19 to have such a happy family. I hope（希望）
everyone has a happy family 20 me.
1. A. home B. family C. house
2. A. me B. I C. my
3. A. doctor B. teacher C. nurse
4. A. help B. helps C. helping
5. A. teach B. teaches C. teaching
6. A. at B. to C. in
7. A. study B. studies C. studying
8. A. helps B. helping C. help
9. A. cleaning B. clean C. cleans
10.A. sweeps B. sweep C. sweeping
11.A. cook B. cooks C. cooking
12.A. loves B. love C. loving
13.A. play B. plays C. playing
14.A. has B. have C. having
15.A. watch B. watching C. watches
16.A. play B. plays C. playing
17.A. have B. has C. having
18.A. other B. others C. another
19.A. happy B. sad C. angry
20.A. like B. likes C. liking
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三、阅读理解
Hello! I'm Li Ming. I have a big family. My grandfather is a farmer. He has a big
farm. There are many animals on the farm. My grandmother is a housewife. She does
a lot of housework every day. My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital. He helps
sick people. My mother is a teacher. She teaches math in a school. I'm a student. I
study in a primary school. I love my family.
1. （ ）How many people are there in Li Ming's family?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
2. （ ）What's Li Ming's grandfather's job?
A. A doctor. B. A farmer. C. A teacher.
3. （ ）What does Li Ming's grandmother do?
A. She is a teacher. B. She is a housewife. C. She is a doctor.
4. （ ）Where does Li Ming's father work?
A. In a school. B. On a farm. C. In a hospital.
5. （ ）What subject does Li Ming's mother teach?
A. English. B. Math. C. Chinese.
四、作文
请以“My Family” 为题，写一篇短文介绍你的家庭。内容包括家庭成员的职业、他们会做
什么以及你对家庭的感受等。要求：语句通顺，书写规范，不少于 5 句话。
店铺：星越教育
第 7 页共 7 页
