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2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
知识讲解
(一)家庭成员职业类
1. doctor /ˈdɒktə(r)/:医生,负责看病治疗病人 。My mother is a doctor.(我妈妈是一
名医生。)
2. farmer /ˈfɑːmə(r)/:农民,从事农业生产,种植农作物或饲养家畜 。My grandpa is a
farmer. He works on the farm.(我的爷爷是农民,他在农场工作。)
3. nurse /ˈnɜːs/:护士,协助医生照顾病人 。The nurse takes good care of the patients.
(护士把病人照顾得很好。)
4. worker /ˈwɜːkə(r)/:工人,包含多种类型,如 factory worker(工厂工人) 、office
worker(办公室职员) 。My father is a factory worker.(我爸爸是一名工厂工
人。)
5. cook /ˈkʊk/:厨师,擅长烹饪美食 ;也可作动词,意为 “烹饪” 。The cook makes
delicious food.(这位厨师做的食物很美味。)I can cook eggs.(我会煮鸡蛋。)
(二)家庭活动及状态类
1. busy /ˈbɪzi/:忙碌的,be busy doing sth. 表示 “忙于做某事” 。My mother is busy
cooking dinner.(我妈妈正忙着做晚饭。)
2. tired /ˈtaɪəd/:疲倦的,形容人感到劳累 。I'm tired after a long day at school.(在学
校度过漫长的一天后,我很累。)
3. chore /ˈtʃɔː(r)/:家庭杂务,常用复数形式 chores ,do some chores(做家务) 。
I often do some chores on weekends.(我周末经常做家务。)
4. clean /ˈkliːn/:作动词时,意为 “打扫;清理” ;作形容词时,意为 “干净的” 。I clean
my room every week.(我每周打扫我的房间。)The room is clean.(房间很干净。)
5. room /ˈruːm/:房间,如 bedroom(卧室) 、living room(客厅) 。I sleep in
my bedroom.(我在我的卧室睡觉。)
6. also /ˈɔːlsəʊ/:也,用于句中,位于 be 动词、助动词或情态动词之后,实义动词之
前 。I like apples. I also like bananas.(我喜欢苹果,我也喜欢香蕉。)
7. look after:照顾,照料 ,相当于 take care of 。I can look after my little sister.(我能
照顾我的小妹妹。)
8. sweep /ˈswiːp/:扫,sweep the floor(扫地) 。I sweep the floor every day.(我
每天扫地。)
9. floor /ˈflɔː(r)/:地板;地面 。There is a ball on the floor.(地板上有一个球。)
10.together /ˈtəɡeðə(r)/:在一起;共同 。We play together after school.(放学后我们
一起玩。)
11.fun /ˈfʌn/:享乐;乐趣 ,have fun(玩得开心) ,相当于 have a good time 。We
have fun at the party.(我们在聚会上玩得很开心。)
12.helpful /ˈhelpfl/:有帮助的;有用的 ,be helpful to sb.(对某人有帮助) 。
The book is helpful to me.(这本书对我有帮助。)
13.child /ˈtʃaɪld/(复数 children /ˈtʃɪldrən/):儿童;小孩 。There are many children
in the park.(公园里有很多小孩。)
第 1 页共 9 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
(一)询问职业:What's your mother's/father's... job?(你的妈妈 / 爸爸…… 是做什么工作的?)
1. 回答:She's/He's a...(她 / 他是一名……) 。例如:
2. What's your mother's job?(你妈妈是做什么工作的?)
3. She's a nurse.(她是一名护士。)
(二)询问某人是否能做某事及回答:Can you/she/he/we...?(你 / 她 / 他 / 我们能…… 吗?)
1. 肯定回答:Yes, I/she/he/we can. + 具体能做的事.(是的,我 / 她 / 他 / 我们能……)
2. 否定回答:No, I/she/he/we can't.(不,我 / 她 / 他 / 我们不能。) 例如:
3. Can you clean your room?(你能打扫你的房间吗?)
4. Yes, I can. I can clean my room every day.(是的,我能。我每天都能打扫我的房
间。)
(三)描述家庭活动:I/We...(我 / 我们……),后接动词短语描述家庭活动 。
1. I look after my sister.(我照顾我的妹妹。)
2. We cook together.(我们一起做饭。)
(四)提出帮助家人的建议:Mum and Dad are busy and tired. What can we do for them?
(爸爸妈妈又忙又累。我们能为他们做些什么?)
1. 回答:We can...(我们可以……) 。例如:
2. We can do some chores.(我们可以做一些家务活。)
3. I can clean the room.(我会打扫房间。)
字母组合“ch” 发/tʃ/ 音:发音时,舌尖抵住上齿龈后部,形成阻碍,气流冲破阻碍,摩擦
成音,声带不振动。常见单词有:teacher(教师)/ˈtiːtʃə(r)/、China(中国)
/ˈtʃaɪnə/、chair(椅子)/ˈtʃeə(r)/、lunch(午餐)/ˈlʌntʃ/、chicken(鸡肉;小鸡)
/ˈtʃɪkɪn/ 。可以通过朗读含有“ch” 的单词和句子,如“My grandpa teaches Chinese.
He makes great chairs.” 来加深对该发音的记忆。
(一)一般现在时的运用(表示能力):在描述某人会做或不会做某事时,使用一般现在时 。当
主语是第一人称(I/we)、第二人称(you)或复数时,动词用原形;当主语是第三人称单数
(he/she/it 或单个人名、单个事物等)时,动词要变成第三人称单数形式(一般在词尾加 -s,以
-s、 -x、 -sh、 -ch、 -o 结尾的动词加 -es ) 。例如:
1. I can cook.(我会做饭。)
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2. He can plays football.(错误表达)应改为:He can play football.(他会踢足球。)
(二)情态动词 can 的用法
1. 表示能力,意为 “能;会”,后面接动词原形 。例如:I can sing.(我会唱歌。)
2. 变一般疑问句时,把 can 提到句首,句末用问号 。肯定回答用 “Yes, 主语 + can.”,否
定回答用 “No, 主语 + can't.” 。例如:
3. Can you swim?(你会游泳吗?)
4. Yes, I can.(是的,我会。) / No, I can't.(不,我不会。)
5. 变否定句时,在 can 后面加 not,可缩写为 can't 。例如:I can't play basketball.
(我不会打篮球。)
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配套练习
(一)选择题(20 道)
1. —What's your father's job?
—He's factory worker.
A. a B. an C. the
答案:A 解析:factory 以辅音音素开头,用不定冠词 a,所以选 A。
2. My mother is a . She works in a hospital.
A. doctor B. teacher C. farmer
答案:A 解析:在医院工作的是医生,“doctor” 是医生的意思,所以选 A。
3. —Can you help your mother with the housework?
—Yes, I .
A. can B. do C. am
答案:A 解析:以 “Can you...” 开头的一般疑问句,肯定回答用 “Yes, I can.”,所以选 A。
4. I often my room on weekends.
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning
答案:A 解析:“I” 是第一人称,一般现在时中动词用原形,所以选 A。
5. My sister can the floor.
A. sweep B. sweeps C. sweeping
答案:A 解析:“can” 是情态动词,后面接动词原形,所以选 A。
6. There are many in the park.
A. child B. children C. childs
答案:B 解析:“many” 修饰可数名词复数,“child” 的复数是 “children”,所以选 B。
7. My parents are very . They have no time to play with me.
A. busy B. tired C. happy
答案:A 解析:根据 “They have no time to play with me.” 可知父母很忙,“busy” 是忙碌的意
思,所以选 A。
8. We often have at home.
A. fun B. funny C. funs
答案:A 解析:“have fun” 是固定短语,意为 “玩得开心”,所以选 A。
9. My grandpa is a . He grows many vegetables.
A. farmer B. doctor C. nurse
答案:A 解析:种植蔬菜的是农民,“farmer” 是农民的意思,所以选 A。
10.—What can your brother do?
—He can basketball.
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A. play B. plays C. playing
答案:A 解析:“can” 后接动词原形,所以选 A。
11.My mother is a cook. She can delicious food.
A. cook B. cooks C. cooking
答案:A 解析:“can” 是情态动词,后接动词原形,所以选 A。
12.I'm helpful at home. I often help my mother some chores.
A. do B. does C. doing
答案:A 解析:“help sb. do sth.” 是固定搭配,意为 “帮助某人做某事”,所以选 A。
13.My father is a . He drives a bus every day.
A. driver B. worker C. teacher
答案:A 解析:开公交车的是司机,“driver” 是司机的意思,所以选 A。
14.My sister is only five years old, but she can herself.
A. look after B. look at C. look for
答案:A 解析:“look after” 是照顾的意思,“look at” 是看,“look for” 是寻找,这里表示照顾
自己,所以选 A。
15.There is a ball the floor.
A. in B. on C. under
答案:B 解析:“在地板上” 用介词 on,所以选 B。
16.My mother is a nurse. She often helps people.
A. ill B. sick C. good
答案:B 解析:“sick” 和 “ill” 都表示生病的,但 “ill” 一般作表语,“sick” 可作定语修饰名词,
这里修饰 “people” 用 “sick”,所以选 B。
17.My family often together on weekends.
A. play B. plays C. playing
答案:A 解析:“My family” 在这里指家庭成员,是复数概念,一般现在时中动词用原形,所
以选 A。
18.My father is and he wants to sleep.
A. busy B. tired C. happy
答案:B 解析:想睡觉说明很累,“tired” 是疲倦的意思,所以选 B。
19.My mother is a teacher. She English in a school.
A. teach B. teaches C. teaching
答案:B 解析:“She” 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式,“teach” 的第
三人称单数是 “teaches”,所以选 B。
20.I'm a . I can help my parents at home.
A. helpful child B. help child C. helping child
答案:A 解析:“helpful” 是形容词,修饰名词 “child”,表示有帮助的孩子,所以选 A。
(二)完型填空(20 道)
I have a happy 1 . There are three people in my family, my father, my
第 5 页共 9 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
mother and 2 . My father is a 3 . He works in a hospital. He likes 4 his
patients(病人). My mother is a teacher. She 5 English in a school. She is very
kind 6 her students. I'm a student. I 7 in a primary school. I often 8 my
parents at home. I can 9 my room and 10 the floor. Sometimes I 11 for
my family. My parents 12 me very much. We often 13 together
and 14 fun. My father likes 15 TV. My mother likes reading books. I like
16 games. On weekends, we often go to the park. We 17 a good time
there. We love each 18 . I'm 19 to have such a happy family. I hope(希望)
everyone has a happy family 20 me.
1. A. home B. family C. house
答案:B 解析:根据下文介绍家庭成员,这里指 “家庭”,“family” 侧重于家庭整体和家庭成
员,“home” 侧重于家的地方概念,“house” 侧重于房屋,所以选 B。
2. A. me B. I C. my
答案:A 解析:“and” 连接并列宾语,要用宾格形式,“I” 的宾格是 “me”,所以选 A。
3. A. doctor B. teacher C. nurse
答案:A 解析:根据 “He works in a hospital.” 以及后面提到喜欢帮助病人,可知父亲是医
生,所以选 A。
4. A. help B. helps C. helping
答案:C 解析:“like doing sth.” 表示喜欢做某事,所以选 C。
5. A. teach B. teaches C. teaching
答案:B 解析:“She” 是第三人称单数,一般现在时中动词用第三人称单数形式,“teach” 的第
三人称单数是 “teaches”,所以选 B。
6. A. at B. to C. in
答案:B 解析:“be kind to sb.” 表示对某人友好,是固定搭配,所以选 B。
7. A. study B. studies C. studying
答案:A 解析:“I” 是第一人称,一般现在时中动词用原形,所以选 A。
8. A. helps B. helping C. help
答案:C 解析:“I” 是第一人称,一般现在时中动词用原形,所以选 C。
9. A. cleaning B. clean C. cleans
答案:B 解析:“can” 是情态动词,后面接动词原形,所以选 B。
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10.A. sweeps B. sweep C. sweeping
答案:B 解析:“and” 连接并列动词,前面 “can” 后用动词原形,这里也用动词原形,所以选
B。
11.A. cook B. cooks C. cooking
答案:A 解析:“I” 是第一人称,一般现在时中动词用原形,所以选 A。
12.A. loves B. love C. loving
答案:B 解析:“My parents” 是复数主语,一般现在时中动词用原形,所以选 B。
13.A. play B. plays C. playing
答案:A 解析:“We” 是复数主语,一般现在时中动词用原形,所以选 A。
14.A. has B. have C. having
答案:B 解析:“and” 连接并列动词,前面用动词原形,这里也用动词原形,“have fun” 表示
玩得开心,所以选 B。
15.A. watch B. watching C. watches
答案:B 解析:“like doing sth.” 表示喜欢做某事,所以选 B。
16.A. play B. plays C. playing
答案:C 解析:“like doing sth.” 表示喜欢做某事,所以选 C。
17.A. have B. has C. having
答案:A 解析:“We” 是复数主语,一般现在时中动词用原形,“have a good time” 表示玩得
愉快,所以选 A。
18.A. other B. others C. another
答案:A 解析:“each other” 表示互相,是固定短语,所以选 A
19.A. happy B. sad C. angry
答案:A 解析:“happy” 意为开心的;“sad” 意为悲伤的;“angry” 意为生气的 。所以此处应选
“happy”,表示 “我很高兴有这样一个幸福的家庭”,故答案是 A。
20.A. like B. likes C. liking
答案:A 解析:“like” 在这里是介词,意为 “像” ,表示 “像我一样”。“likes” 是动词 “like(喜
欢)” 的第三人称单数形式,不符合语境;“liking” 是 “like” 的现在分词形式,也不能表达 “像”
的意思。所以 “like me” 表示 “像我一样”,答案是 A。
(三)阅读理解
Hello! I'm Li Ming. I have a big family. My grandfather is a farmer. He has a big
farm. There are many animals on the farm. My grandmother is a housewife. She does
a lot of housework every day. My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital. He helps
sick people. My mother is a teacher. She teaches math in a school. I'm a student. I
第 7 页共 9 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
study in a primary school. I love my family.
1. ( )How many people are there in Li Ming's family?
A. Three. B. Four. C. Five.
答案:C 解析:文中提到 “My grandfather...My grandmother...My father...My
mother...I'm...”,可知李明家有爷爷、奶奶、爸爸、妈妈和李明,共五口人,所以选 C。
2. ( )What's Li Ming's grandfather's job?
A. A doctor. B. A farmer. C. A teacher.
答案:B 解析:根据文中 “My grandfather is a farmer.”,可知李明爷爷的工作是农民,所以
选 B。
3. ( )What does Li Ming's grandmother do?
A. She is a teacher. B. She is a housewife. C. She is a doctor.
答案:B 解析:从文中 “My grandmother is a housewife.” 能得出李明奶奶是家庭主妇,所以
选 B。
4. ( )Where does Li Ming's father work?
A. In a school. B. On a farm. C. In a hospital.
答案:C 解析:由 “My father is a doctor. He works in a hospital.” 可知李明爸爸在医院工
作,所以选 C。
5. ( )What subject does Li Ming's mother teach?
A. English. B. Math. C. Chinese.
答案:B 解析:依据文中 “She teaches math in a school.”,可知李明妈妈教数学,所以选 B 。
(四)作文
请以“My Family” 为题,写一篇短文介绍你的家庭。内容包括家庭成员的职业、他们会做什么以
及你对家庭的感受等。要求:语句通顺,书写规范,不少于 5 句话。
参考范文
My Family
I have a happy family. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and
I.
My father is a driver. He drives a bus every day. He can drive very well. He often helps others
on the bus. My mother is a nurse. She works in a hospital. She can take good care of the patients.
She is very kind.
I'm a student. I study hard at school. I can help my parents do some chores at home, like
cleaning the room and sweeping the floor.
第 8 页共 9 页2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
I love my family. We always have a good time together.
解析:首先明确作文要求是介绍家庭,包含成员职业、会做的事以及对家庭的感受。范文开头点明有
一个幸福的家庭以及家庭成员。接着分别描述爸爸(司机,开车技术好且乐于助人)、妈妈(护士,
能照顾好病人,很善良)的职业和会做的事。然后介绍自己是学生,能帮忙做家务。最后表达对家庭
的爱以及在一起很开心的感受。整体结构清晰,符合题目要求 。
店铺:星越教育
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