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2025 秋人教英语四年级上册 讲义
知识讲解
（一）人物外貌与性格类
1. strong /strɒŋ/：强壮的，形容人的身材健壮有力。如：My brother is strong. He can
carry heavy things.（我哥哥很强壮，他能搬重物。）
2. tall /tɔːl/：高的，用于描述人的身高。My father is tall.（我爸爸很高。）
3. short /ʃɔːt/：矮的；短的，形容人身材不高或物体长度较短。He is short.（他很矮。）
Her hair is short.（她的头发很短。）
4. thin /θɪn/：瘦的，指人的身材苗条。The boy is thin.（这个男孩很瘦。）
5. kind /kaɪnd/：友好的；和蔼的，描述人的性格友善。Our teacher is kind. She always
helps us.（我们的老师很和蔼，她总是帮助我们。）
6. quiet /ˈkwaɪət/：文静的；安静的，形容人安静、不爱说话。The girl is quiet. She
likes reading books.（这个女孩很文静，她喜欢看书。）
（二）其他
1. hair /heə(r)/：头发，不可数名词。She has long hair.（她有长发。）
2. best /best/：最好的，是 good 的最高级形式。常与 friend 搭配，best friend 表示
“最好的朋友”。Tom is my best friend.（汤姆是我最好的朋友。）
3. Chinese /ˌtʃaɪˈniːz/：作名词时，意为 “中文；中国人”；作形容词时，意为 “中国的” 。
I like Chinese food.（我喜欢中国食物。）He is Chinese.（他是中国人。）
4. read /riːd/：阅读，常见短语 read books（读书）。I often read books in the evening.
（我晚上经常读书。）
5. play /pleɪ/：常见义项有 “玩耍；参加（体育运动等）”。We play games after school.
（放学后我们玩游戏。）I play basketball on weekends.（我周末打篮球。）
6. game /ɡeɪm/：游戏，常用短语 play games（玩游戏） 。Let's play a game.（我们
玩个游戏吧。）
7. football /ˈfʊtbɔːl/：足球运动，play football（踢足球），注意球类运动前不加定冠词
the 。They play football every Sunday.（他们每个周日都踢足球。）
8. both /bəʊθ/：两者都，用于两者之间，常位于 be 动词之后，实义动词之前。We
both like music.（我们俩都喜欢音乐。）
9. always /ˈɔːlweɪz/：总是；一直，表示频率很高，常用于一般现在时，位于实义动词
前，be 动词、助动词或情态动词后。He always gets up early.（他总是很早起床。）
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10.basketball /ˈbɑːskɪtbɔːl/：篮球运动，play basketball（打篮球）。I play basketball
with my friends.（我和朋友们一起打篮球。）
（一）询问朋友姓名：What's your friend's name?（你的朋友叫什么名字？）
回答：His/Her name is...（他 / 她的名字是……） 。例如：What's your friend's name? -
His name is Zhang Peng.（你的朋友叫什么名字？ - 他的名字是张鹏。）
（二）描述朋友外貌：He's/She's + 形容词.（他 / 她是…… 样的）；He/She has + 形容词 + 名词.
（他 / 她有…… 的……）
例如：He's tall and strong.（他又高又壮。）She has long hair.（她有长发。）
（三）询问最好的朋友：Who's your best friend?（谁是你最好的朋友？）
回答：Sb. is my best friend.（某人是我最好的朋友。）；Sb.（某人）. She/He is...（她
/他是……） ，例如：Who's your best friend? - Chen Jie. She's funny.（谁是你最好的朋
友？ - 陈杰。她很有趣。）
（四）描述与朋友一起做的事：Sb. often + 动词短语 + with me.（某人经常和我一起做某事）
例如：He reads books with me.（他和我一起读书。）We play games together.（我们一
起玩游戏。）
（五）表达喜欢朋友及朋友也喜欢自己：I like my friend. My friend likes me.
（我喜欢我的朋友。我的朋友也喜欢我。）
（六）选择疑问句：A boy or girl?（男孩还是女孩？）
回答时直接选择其中一项，如：A boy.（一个男孩。）
字母组合“sh” 发/ʃ/ 音：发音时，舌头靠近上颚，气流从舌头和上颚之间的缝隙挤出，摩擦
成音。常见单词有：fish（鱼）/fɪʃ/、ship（船）/ʃɪp/、shop（商店）/ʃɒp/、
English（英语）/ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/、she（她）/ʃiː/、share（分享）/ʃeə(r)/ 。可以通过朗读
含有“sh” 的单词和句子，如“I have no shell. Can we share?” 来加深对该发音的记
忆。
（一）形容词描述人物外貌和性格：学会运用 tall（高的）、short（矮的；短的）、strong（强
壮的）、thin（瘦的）、kind（友好的）、quiet（文静的）等形容词描述朋友的外貌和性格特
点。注意形容词在句中的位置，一般放在 be 动词后作表语，或放在名词前作定语 。例如：The
tall boy is my brother.（那个高个子男孩是我哥哥。）My friend is kind.（我的朋友很友好。）
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（二）动词第三人称单数形式：在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数（he/she/it 或单个人名
等）时，动词要变成第三人称单数形式。变化规则如下：
1. 一般动词在词尾加 -s，如：like - likes，play - plays，read - reads 。
2. 以 -s、 -x、 -sh、 -ch、 -o 结尾的动词，在词尾加 -es，如：watch - watches，wash
- washes，go - goes 。
3. 以辅音字母 + y 结尾的动词，先变 y 为 i，再加 -es，如：study - studies 。
4. 特殊变化：have - has 。例如：He likes reading books.（他喜欢读书。）She often
plays football.（她经常踢足球。）
（三）both 的用法：both 表示 “两者都”，用于两者之间。常见用法有：
1. both + 名词复数，如：Both boys like sports.（两个男孩都喜欢运动。）
2. both of + 代词宾格 / 名词复数，如：Both of them are students.（他们两个都是学
生。）
3. 置于 be 动词后，实义动词前，如：We are both happy.（我们俩都很开心。）
We both like English.（我们俩都喜欢英语。）
（四）选择疑问句：结构为 “一般疑问句 + or + 选择部分？”，回答时不能用 yes 或 no，要直
接回答选择的内容。注意 or 连接的两个部分在语法和逻辑上要保持一致，如：Is he tall or
short?
（他高还是矮？）
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配套练习
一、选择题（20 道）
1. My friend is . He can play basketball well.
A. strong B. thin C. short
2. —What's your friend's name?
— name is Sarah.
A. She B. Her C. Hers
3. My best friend long hair.
A. have B. has C. is
4. He's tall strong.
A. but B. and C. or
5. —Who's your best friend?
—
A. She is tall. B. Chen Jie. C. She likes reading.
6. We often games together.
A. play B. plays C. playing
7. My friend likes books.
A. read B. reads C. reading
8. your friend a boy or a girl?
A. Is B. Are C. Am
9. My friend and I like music.
A. both B. all C. too
10.She always me with my English.
A. help B. helps C. helping
11.I like sports. My friend likes sports, .
A. too B. also C. either
12.My best friend is very . She often makes me laugh.
A. kind B. funny C. quiet
13. is my friend. He's from China.
A. His B. Him C. He
14.My friend football after school.
A. play B. plays C. playing
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15.We like animal books.
A. both B. all C. every
16.My friend has eyes.
A. big B. bigger C. biggest
17.My best friend often pictures with me.
A. draw B. draws C. drawing
18.I have a friend. name is John.
A. He B. His C. Him
19.My friend is good at basketball.
A. play B. plays C. playing
20.She's and kind.
A. friend B. friendly C. friends
（二）完型填空（20 道）
I have a good 1 . Her name is Liu Ying. She is 2 . She has 3 hair. She
is 4 and kind. We are in the 5 class. We often 6 together.
We like 7 books. We both like 8 . She often 9 me with my Chinese.
And I often help her 10 her English. We also like 11 games. On
weekends, we often 12 football. She 13 football very well. She 14
likes singing. She often 15 songs after school. We 16
each other. We are 17 best friends. We always 18 happy
together. I'm 19 to have such a good friend. I hope our 20 will last forever（永
远）.
1. A. friend B. friends C. sister
2. A. tall B. short C. Both A and B
3. A. long B. short C. Either A or B
4. A. friendly B. friend C. friends
5. A. same B. different C. another
6. A. plays B. play C. playing
7. A. read B. reads C. reading
8. A. animal B. animals C. an animal
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9. A. help B. helps C. helping
10.A. with B. for C. at
11.A. play B. plays C. playing
12.A. play B. plays C. playing
13.A. play B. plays C. playing
14.A. too B. also C. either
15.A. sing B. sings C. singing
16.A. like B. likes C. liking
17.A. each other B. each others C. each other's
18.A. are B. is C. am
19.A. happy B. sad C. angry
20.A. friend B. friendly C. friendship
（三）阅读理解
I'm Tom. I have two good friends. They are Lily and Lucy. Lily is tall and thin. She
has long hair. She is very kind. She often helps others. She likes reading books. She
often reads books in the library. Lucy is short and quiet. She has short hair. She is
good at drawing. She often draws pictures after school. Lily and Lucy are twins. They
both like music. They often listen to music together. They are my good friends. I like
them very much.
1. （ ）How many good friends does Tom have?
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
2. （ ）What does Lily look like?
A. She is tall and thin with long hair. B. She is short and quiet with short hair. C. She is tall and
strong with short hair.
3. （ ）What does Lucy like doing?
A. Reading books. B. Drawing pictures. C. Listening to music.
4. （ ）Are Lily and Lucy twins?
A. Yes, they are. B. No, they aren't. C. We don't know.
5. （ ）What do Lily and Lucy both like?
A. Reading books. B. Drawing pictures. C. Music.
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四、作文
请以“My Friend” 为题，写一篇短文介绍你的朋友。内容包括朋友的外貌、性格、爱好以及你们
经常一起做的事情等。要求：语句通顺，书写规范，不少于 5 句话。
店铺：星越教育
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