文档内容
►第 09 讲 自然环境描写
（讲义）
目录
目标1 景、物环境的描写
目标2 地点方位的描写
目标3 天气的描写
目标4 气氛的描写
目标5 经典赏析
目标6 真题感悟
一 景、物环境的描写
对景、物等的描写通常会直接使用物作主语，或者用拟人化的修辞手法。
1. （2023年浙江卷1月）It seemed that the bird was waiting for me, its beady eyes locked on mine as if trying
to convey some deep, unspoken gratitude.
那只鸟似乎在等着我，它那明亮的眼睛盯着我，仿佛在试图表达某种深深的、不言而喻的感激之情。
2. （2024届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题）A few hours into the trek, he saw eyes in the distance, so he
grabbed his bat before realizing it was just a stray dog.
长途跋涉几个小时后，他看到了远处的眼睛，所以他抓起了球棒，才意识到那只是一只流浪狗。
3. The moon washed the woods in a gentle light . The stars twinkled like a child ’ s curious eyes
blinking with anticipation .
月亮用柔和的光洗刷着树林星星闪烁着，像孩子好奇的眼睛闪烁着期待。
4. The sound came swiftly nearer, and became a wild roar , filling the whole valley .
这声音很快就走近了，变成了狂吼，响彻整个山谷。
5.During autumn, these same mountains are gold, and in winter they are covered in sheets of white
frost.
在秋天，这些山是金色的，而在冬天，它们身披白露。
6.The roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast.
海浪的咆哮和海鸟的鸣叫组成了海岸的音乐。
7.The leaves had almost all fallen off, creating a sea of fiery colors that crunched beneath our feet.
几乎所有的叶子都掉下来了，在我们的脚下形成一片火红色的海洋。我们踩上去发出嘎吱嘎吱的声响。
8.The leaves crunched beneath my feet as I strolled down the street. Occasionally, one would fall pastme, lightly swaying as the air gently carried it to the ground.
漫步街头，树叶在我脚下嘎吱作响。偶尔，有叶子会从我身边掉落，在微风中轻轻摇摆，飘然落地。
9.Bathed in the golden sunlight, the sea rippled and sparkled charmingly.
大海沐浴在金色的阳光下,荡漾着迷人的波光。
10.In an instant, everything had suddenly gone quiet. Birds didn't chirp, leaves didn't rustle and insects didn't
sing. A feeling of stillness crept up on me
刹那间,万物突然安静。鸟儿不再鸣叫,树叶不再沙沙作响,昆虫停止歌唱。一种寂静的感觉悄然向我袭来。
11.Birds were chattering/twittering somewhere.鸟儿在某处唧唧喳喳地叫着。
12.On a quite morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin and breathe in the sweet scent of
fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song.
山中宁静的清晨，感受阳光洒在你的身上，呼吸鲜花的芳香，聆听鸟儿们用它们的歌声迎接新的一天。
二 地点方位的直接描写
1.The peaceful landscape is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep
and cattle .
绵延起伏的青山上散落着牛羊，这幅祥和宁静的景象真让人赏心悦目。
2.Mist-covered mountains were dotted with small farms and villages.
雾蒙蒙的山上星星点点地散落着小农场和村落。
3.The path is winding and we saw mountains towering over the green valleys and cliffs that seemed
endless.
小路蜿蜒曲折,我们看到高山耸立在绿色的山谷和悬崖上，似乎没有尽头。
4.At that moment, I noticed my father made a turn off the highway and drove past a sign that read “Airport
Parking”.
就在那一刻，我注意到我的父亲在高速公路上转弯，开车经过了一个写着“机场停车”的标志。
5.When we were safe on the helicopter up in the air, I was amazed to the spot that the bear had finally tore
down the fence and ran towards the food we left behind.
当我们安全地坐在空中的直升机上时，我惊讶地发现，熊终于撕毁了栅栏，向我们留下的食物跑去。
6.No more than 30 paces away in the bog was a huge Alaskan timber wolf-caught in one of Trapper
George’s traps.
不到30步远的沼泽地里，一只巨大的阿拉斯加大灰狼被捕猎者Trapper George的陷阱困住了。三 天气的描写
天气的描写属于情节的一部分，但不建议大篇幅进行描写。为了渲染气氛，烘托情节，可以细化到风、
雪、雨、雷、阴、晴等。
No. 1.风
1. The icy wind started howling, stinging my face.
寒风开始咆哮，刺痛了我的脸。
2. The wind was so bone-chilling that I couldn't stop shivering from the cod.
寒风刺骨，我冷得不停打哆嗦。
3. Outside,the winds blew the trees and beat against the house, which made people unable to one their eyes.
外面，风吹着树，拍打着房子，使人们无法睁开眼睛。
4. As the wind blows, we can hear the leaves rustling in the trees.
随着风的吹拂,我们可以听到树沙沙作响。
5. It was getting dark and the wind died away.
天渐渐黑了，风渐渐小了。
6. The breeze gently kissed his checks.
微风轻柔地亲吻着他的脸庞。
No. 2. 雨
1. I was disturbed by the annoying sound of the rain.
淅淅沥沥的雨声扰乱了我的思绪。
2. Immediately, sheets of bitterly cold rain filled the air.
顷刻间，空中下起了阵阵刺骨的冷雨。
3. The rain came pouring down, the streams rose, and the winds blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆，溪水上涨，狂风咆哮这撞击房屋。
4. Though the rain stopped, the wind rushed by and whistled and made strange sounds.
雨虽停了，风却呼啸而过，发出奇怪的声音。
5. The rain drummed on the window, bidding farewell to the last beam of sunlight.
雨滴敲打着窗户，向最后一缕阳光告别。
6.It was raining cats and dogs yesterday after school, and I was all wet when I got home.
昨天放学的时候下着倾盆大雨，我到家时全身都湿了。
7.There was a heavy downpour. Unfortunately, Tom was caught in the heavy rain.
下了一场大暴雨。不幸的是，Tom 在暴雨中被淋成了落汤鸡。
No. 3. 雪1 .The frozen snow crunched under our feet.
冻结的雪在我们的脚下嘎吱作响。
2.Snow blanketed every rooftop and weighed on the branches of old trees.
雪覆盖了每一个屋顶,压在老树的枝丫上。
3.The countryside was transformed into a huge white plain by the snow. It's dark now and the snow is
falling,clumps of wet flakes drifting down.
乡村被雪变成了一片巨大的白色平原。现在天黑了，雪还在下，一片片湿漉漉的雪花飘落下来。
4. The feathery snowflakes danced in the night air, making a beautiful picture.
鹅毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，像一幅美丽的画。
No. 4. 雾
1. The view was obscured by fog.
雾中景色朦胧。
2.The hills were enveloped in dense fog.
群山被浓雾笼罩着。
3. The morning fog blocked our view.
清晨的雾挡住了我们的视线。
4. The fog soon encompassed the whole valley.
雾很快笼罩了整个山谷。
5. The town was covered in a thick blanket of fog.
大雾笼罩着这个城镇。
6. The heavy fog seemed to be casting a net over me.
浓雾似乎在我身上撒下了一张网。
No. 5. 太阳
1. This weather is terrible. I am sweating like a pig, although I'm not doing anything.
天热得吓人，虽然我什么都没做，但还是汗流浃背。
2. In this heat, even the trees appeared defeated, with leaves drooping lifelessly.
在这种炎热的天气里、连树木都显得萎靡不振,树叶都毫无生气地垂落着。
3. The sun was at its highest. The heat beat down on my head as if I was bacon under the grill.
太阳处于最高点,热浪击打在头上，我好像烤架下的培根一样。
4. The water was deep blue and the sunlight glittered on its glass-clear surface.湖水深蓝，阳光在风平浪静的湖面上熠熠生辉。
No. 6. 雾
1. The clouds had spread and nearly covered the entire sky.
云层散开，几乎遮住了整个天空。
2. The sky was full of dark masses of clouds.
天空中乌云密布。
3. By afternoon, the clouds have cleared away.
到了下午，云已经散去。
4.The sky was overcast, darkened with gloomy clouds, and the whole world seemed to be enveloped in a huge
gray quilt.
天阴沉沉的，乌云密布，整个世界仿佛都被笼罩在一张巨大的灰色被子里。
No. 7. 雷电
1. An ash of lightning flashed across the sky. 一道闪电划过天空。
2. Outside, thunder boomed and crashed. 外面雷声隆降，发出巨响。
3. Thunder boomed in the sky overhead, 雷声在头顶上的天空中隆隆作响。
4.The weather in summer is unpredictable. Just now it was sunny. In a flash, lightning and thunder broke out,
and the storm began to rain.
夏天的天气真是变幻莫测。刚才还是晴空万里，一霎时就电闪雷鸣，开始了狂风暴雨。
5.The thunder was rumbling in the distance.
远处雷声隆降。
6.Thunder rumbled in the mountains all around and rain began to fall in heavy drops.
山里雷声隆隆雨点开始大颗大颗地往下落。
7. I was studying a Barbie and doing some simple math in my head when suddenly an earthshaking
clap of thunder roared from the storm outside. I jumped at the noise, dropping the doll to the floor.
The lights flickered once and died, covering everything in a blanket of blackness. Thunder continued
to shake the sky and lightning illuminated the store for seconds, casting frightening shadows on my
mind.
我正在研究一个芭比娃娃，在脑子里做一些简单的计算，，突然一阵惊天动地的雷声从外面的暴风雨中呼
啸而出。我听到噪音吓了一跳，把娃娃扔在地上。灯光闪烁了一次，然后熄灭了，一片漆黑地笼罩了一
切。雷声继续震动着天空，闪电照亮了商店好几秒钟，在我的脑海中投下了可怕的阴影。
No. 8. 星空
1. The sky was dotted with sparkling stars.
天上繁星点点。
2. Stars winked at me in a darkening sky.夜空中星星向我眨眼睛。
3. Blue skies stood tall and far.
蓝蓝的天空高高耸立。
4. The sky, midnight blue, gave the scene a fairy tale quality.
深蓝色的夜空给这一场景增添了童话般的色彩。
5.At midnight,the storm quieted, the clouds parted and the stars shone through the dark sky.
午夜时分,暴风雨停了，乌云散开,星星在黑暗的天空中闪罐。
6.he stars shine like diamonds.星星如钻石般闪耀。
四 气氛的描写
1. （2023年浙江卷1月）I felt a surge of relief and awe at the sight of this sound and grateful creature, and
I knew that I would always cherish the memories we shared as I climbed into my car and drove away.
看到这个健康的和感激的生物，我感到一阵欣慰和敬畏，我知道，当我爬上我的车，开车离开时，我会
永远珍惜我们分享的回忆。
2. （2023 年浙江卷 1 月）A flash of movement caught my attention. I turned around to see the same
hummingbird hovering in the air.
一阵短暂的动作引起了我的注意。我转过身，看到那只蜂鸟在空中盘旋。
3. (2024届广东省四校高三第一次联考试题) With the sun peeking over the horizon, John’s face glowed
with gratitude. Feeling energetic, he couldn’t wait to get started.
太阳在地平线上掠过，约翰的脸上洋溢着感激之光。他感到精力充沛，就迫不及待地想开始工作。
4. An air of sadness settled over the group.
人群中笼罩着一种悲伤的气氛.
5. It was awfully quiet except for our footsteps hitting the road, and my heavy breathing.
除了我们走在路上的脚步声和我沉重的呼吸声外，这里非常安静。
6.It suddenly seemed frighteningly quiet.The air was charged with tension.
突然安静得可怕,空气中弥漫着紧张的气氛。
五 经典赏析
【模拟速递】
【2023年江苏省镇江第一中学模拟预测】阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
Pam Bales left her car and stepped onto the snow-covered Jewell Trail. She planned a six-hour hike throughNew Hampshire’s Mount Washington State Park. The hike up the lower part of Jewell was pleasant. At 8:30 am,
still below the tree line, she took the first in a series of on-the-trail selfies.
Less than an hour later, she took another photo, after she’d climbed into colder air and deeper snows. She
made her way across the snow-covered ridge toward Mount Washington. Then she noticed something: a single set
of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She’d been following faint tracks all day and hadn’t given them much
thought, because so many people climb Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of trainers,
not suitable for hiking on snow.
By 11 am, Bales was getting cold and decided to abandon her plan. The only thing keeping Bales on Gulfside
Trail was the trainer tracks in the sonw. As she fought the wind and heavy sleet (雨夹雪), the tracks made a hard
left-hand turn off the trail.
Now she alarmed. She was sure the hiker could get through in the ow visibility and was heading straight
toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, stunned. The temperature and clouds
were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. She turned to the left and called out,
“Hello!” into the frozen fog.
Nothing. She called out again: “Is anybody out there? Do you need help?”
The strong westerly winds carried her voice away. She blew into her rescue whistle. For a fleeting moment she
thought she heard someone reply, but it was just the wind playing games with her mind. She stood listening, then
turned and walked cautiously in the direction of the single set of tracks. Bales followed the tracks cautiously for 20
to 30 meters. She rounded a slight corner and saw a man sitting motionless.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
When she approached him and said hello, he did not react.
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After waking the man up, Bales recognized that they had to get out of there soon.
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【答案】
When she approached him and said hello, he did not react. Taking a deep breath, Bales got closer, checkedhis pulse and suddenly realized that the man must have passed out. She knew she had to wake him up
immediately or the dreadful weather could put him in greater danger. Out of her bag, Bales took a carpet to wrap
the man, gave some hot water to him, called out repeatedly and shook him hard. Fortunately, it didn’t take long
before the man came to himself.
After waking the man up, Bales recognized that they had to get out of there soon. The wind kept howling
with the heavy sleet driving fiercely, and even worse, darkness began to fall. Anxious, Bales struggled to help
the man up, supporting his weight and inching along the trail, following the tracks left by her hiking boots.
After what seemed like ages, they finally made it to the foot of the mountain. The man was rushed to hospital
immediately. Exhausted as she was, Bales felt a wave of happiness welled up inside.
【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了帕姆·巴勒斯计划在新罕布什尔州的华盛顿山州立公园徒步六小
时，不到一小时后，她已经爬进了更冷的空气和更深的雪中。她穿过白雪覆盖的山脊，向华盛顿山进发。
然后她注意到了一件事：她前面的雪上有一组脚印。她一整天都在跟踪微弱的轨迹，并没有给它们太多的
思考，因为有太多人爬珠尔小道。但她意识到，这些鞋是由一双运动鞋制成的，不适合在雪地上徒步旅
行。后来，她在一个小角落，看见一个人一动不动地坐着。
【详解】1.段落续写：
①由第一段首句内容“当她走近他打招呼时，他没有反应。”可知，第一段可描写巴勒斯救助这名已经失
去意识的男子的过程。
②由第二段首句内容“在叫醒那个人后，巴勒斯意识到他们必须尽快离开那里。”可知，第二段可描写巴
勒斯和那名男子一起下山，脱离险境的过程。
2. 续写线索：检查——拿出物品给男子取暖——唤醒男子——扶起那名男子——一起下山——脱离险境
——感受
[高分句型1] Taking a deep breath, Bales got closer, checked his pulse and suddenly realized that the man must
have passed out. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句)
[高分句型2] Anxious, Bales struggled to help the man up, supporting his weight and inching along the trail,
following the tracks left by her hiking boots. (运用了形容词和现在分词作状语)
[高分句型3] Exhausted as she was, Bales felt a wave of happiness welled up inside.(运用了让步状语从句的倒装
结构)
【2020年浙江卷】
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
“I'm going to miss you so much, Poppy, "said the tall, thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend
goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions(情绪)get the better of him.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of
town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least.
The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile.” I guess this is it, “he said.” I'll see
you back home in a month, okay？"His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the
crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boy's mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back
home.”
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn't seem interested in
her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be
back to visit. Poppy didn't.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl
just wasn't her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. "What should we do to cheer Poppy
up？"asked Dad. “We've tried everything.”
“I have an idea, but it might be a little crazy, “smiled Mom.” Without anybody left in the house but us, this
place could use a bit of fun. Let's get a little dog for Poppy."
It didn't take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home
as usual, but when she saw the box, she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging(摆动)ever so
slowly, then faster as she caught the smell.
注意:
1. 所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2. 至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3. 续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4. 续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Para 1. Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared.
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Para 2. A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university.
【答案】
Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog. Then two fluffy paws. Next the box tipped over sideways, and
out tumbled a mass of wiggly golden silliness. Poppy was amazed. She wagged furiously. She barked with
joy. She smiled, her tongue lolling out as she investigated the surprise. The little pup was not shy and
immediately starting yipping and jumping around the older dog. “That didn’t take long,” remarked Mom, as
both dogs went roaring around the house in an impromptu game of chase. Dad laughed.
A few weeks later, the boy arrived home from university. He had missed Poppy and was looking forward to
seeing her. When he bent down to give her a big hug, he fell over in surprise as a small golden cloud came
racing up to lick his face too. “Oh my gosh, who is this?” he exclaimed. His parents laughed at the look of shock
on his face. “That’s Pee-wee,” said Dad. “I can’t believe you got yourselves a puppy!” “We didn’t,” replied Mom.
“This puppy is for Poppy!”
【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，文章讲述了男孩要去上大学，和自己的狗Poppy道别。而没有了男孩在
家里，Poppy也非常想念男孩，于是男孩父母决定给Poppy买一条小狗作伴。续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：爸爸打开盒子，一条可爱的小狗出现了。所以后文应该是描写买来的
小狗的样子以及这两只狗的相处情况；第二段开头是：几个星期后，男孩从大学回到家里。本段应该写男
孩回到家以后看到两条狗的反应，以及父母告诉男孩这条狗是买给Poppy的。
续写时要求使用5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划线词语，恰当
的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右；续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用
的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。
【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：a mass of，with joy，look forward to等高
级词汇；非谓语动词的运用The little pup was not shy and immediately starting yipping and jumping around the
older dog.；时间状语从句When he bent down to give her a big hug, he fell over in surprise as a small golden
cloud came racing up to lick his face too.等高级句式。
