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2014 年长沙市初中毕业学业水平考试 英语(含答案全解全析) Ⅰ.听力技能(略) Ⅱ.知识运用(两部分,共25小题,计25分) 第一节 语法填空(共15 小题,计15 分) 从A、B、C 三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。 21.My sister is old enough to dress now. A.himself B.herself C.myself 22.Mother􀆳s Day is the second Sunday in May in the United States. A.on B.in C.at 23. of us wants to go to the park today,because we have to finish so much homework. A.Either B.Both C.Neither 24.—Is the schoolbag under the desk yours? —No,it􀆳s my .He left it there just now. A.brother B.brother􀆳s C.brothers􀆳 25. nervous the girl was!She could not fall asleep all night. A.What B.What a C.How 26.—Oh,it was fantastic!Lily danced so well. —Well,I think Kate danced than Lily. A.well B.better C.best 27.The shop sells flowers is at the end of the street. A.who B.where C.which 28.It􀆳s going to rain.You􀆳d better take an umbrella you may get wet. A.or B.and C.but 29.Little Tom computer games when his mother got home. A.is playing B.plays C.was playing 30.—Who􀆳s singing in the garden? —It be Mr.Brown.He always practices singing at this time. A.must B.can􀆳t C.need 31.—It􀆳s getting cold.Would you mind the window? —Of course not. A.closing B.to close C.closed 32.I won􀆳t go to tomorrow􀆳s party I􀆳m invited. A.if B.unless C.when 33.—I am afraid that I can􀆳t finish the task successfully. —Don􀆳t worry.You plenty of time to do it. A.will be given B.give C.will give 34.—Your brother is an excellent basketball player. —So he is.He to play basketball three years ago.A.has started B.starts C.started 35.—Excuse me,could you please tell me ? —Sure.It􀆳s about ten minutes􀆳 walk. A.how long it takes to go to the zoo B.how far it is from here to the zoo C.how far is it from here to the zoo 第二节 词语填空(共10小题,计10分) 通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从各题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳答案。 This morning I got an e-mail from Roy.It seems that my boy really enjoys his new life at Harvard University.The 36 made me think of the first day when we moved into this house. Little Roy ran around the new house with great excitement and tried to move his own things into the house such as his toys,books and clothes. 37 ,his little hand knocked over(打翻)a bottle of paint on the shelf.The paint made the tidy floor and white wall a terrible mess(一团糟).“Oh,my God!” My wife rushed in angrily.I looked at my son,and his small face was filled with 38 . I 39 and held his hand,“Take it easy,Roy.Now let􀆳s do something to make it look 40 .” I took out a 41 ,“You see,Dad is a magician(魔术师).I can change it into a big tree.” His mother soon helped paint some butterflies and flowers on the wall. We spent the whole afternoon 42 and laughing.The wall became a beautiful forest with plants,birds and small animals.Blue sky and white clouds were also painted by Roy.On that day,everybody in the house knew something 43 happened. The night before Roy left for Harvard,he asked me if I still remembered the day when he had knocked over the paint.“Since then I􀆳ve 44 worried about making mistakes,” he continued,“I believe I can always 45 ways to solve the problems.” 36.A.call B.e-mail C.card 37.A.Suddenly B.Luckily C.Gladly 38.A.happiness B.hope C.fear 39.A.cried B.smiled C.shouted 40.A.nice B.bad C.wrong 41.A.drum B.brush C.clock 42.A.washing B.cooking C.painting 43.A.dangerous B.boring C.special 44.A.never B.always C.sometimes 45.A.put out B.hand out C.find out Ⅲ.阅读技能(三部分,共20 小题,计40 分) 第一节 阅读选择(共10 小题,计20 分) A 阅读下面的短文,从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句 子。(共5小题,计10分) When Jason􀆳s parents saw him for the first time,they were shocked(震惊).This lovely little baby with shining blue eyes and curly hair was born disabled(残疾的).But soon theyoung couple accepted this fact:Jason􀆳s arms are just half without hands and his legs aren􀆳t fully grown either.They even forgot to think of him as disabled. At the age of six,he told his mother he wanted to get down from the prosthetics(假 肢)and play with other kids.This was the last time Jason had worn them.He now has an electric wheelchair(轮椅),but he never uses it at home or when it is easy for him to move using only his body. Jason learned handwriting and coloring at school,holding the pen between the ends of his arms.He also learned to eat with forks at home.When he was ten,he fell in love with football.He never had a pair of shoes in his life because of the shape of his feet.He only wore socks on the football field.He never won a match,but he refused to give up.His strong arms and body,as well as some fantastic ways made him a respected(受尊重 的)player on the school team.He went to a famous university after high school. Now Jason still faces many hardships in life,but he will make you believe that you can do what he has done.“Never be afraid of any difficulty,”Jason often encourages others in his speeches. 46.Why were Jason􀆳s parents shocked when they saw him for the first time? A.Because he was born disabled. B.Because he had big hands. C.Because his hair was curly. 47.Jason learned to write and color by holding the pen . A.between his legs B.between his arms C.between his teeth 48.What does the underlined word “hardships” mean in this passage? A.成就 B.贫穷 C.困难 49.From the passage,we learn the following about Jason EXCEPT . A.he only uses his electric wheelchair at home B.he only wore socks while playing football C.he is never afraid of any difficulty in life 50.What is the best title(标题)of this passage? A.Disabled but still able B.Playing football brings good luck C.Never wear prosthetics even disabled B 阅读下列图表,从每题所给的A、B、C 三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。 (共5 小题,计10 分) 100,000 people have learned to speak another language with —————————PARLA—————————The“Parla”method allows you to study where and when you want to.We send you CDs and books,and by listening,repeating and reading,you can be fluent(流利的)in your chosen language in a month!There are 20 languages to choose from.To find out more,call our training center at 662-867-8548 or visit www.parlaedu.com. One week free trial(试用) 51.How soon can you be fluent in your chosen language? A.In a week. B.In a month.C.In a year. 52.Which of the following is NOT true according to the advertisement? A.Parla is a method of learning languages. B.You will get CDs and books from the training center. C.Any trial must be paid. Rules for residents 1.You may make tea and coffee in your rooms,but cooking is not allowed. 2.Visitors are welcome to stay in your rooms until 11 p.m.,but please do not play loud music after 10 p.m. 3.There is a TV in the Students􀆳 Lounge(休息室)for students to watch in their free time. 4.There are washing machines on every floor for washing your clothes.Please don􀆳t hang clothes out of the window to dry. 5.Each floor has a telephone for making local(本地的)calls only.No international calls,please. 53.According to the rules,the residents(住宿者)can . A.make tea and cook meals B.play loud music at 11 p.m. C.watch TV in their free time 54.The rules above are made for . A.students B.workers C.patients 55.We may learn from the rules that . A.visitors are welcome to spend the whole night in the rooms B.hanging clothes out of the window to dry isn􀆳t allowed C.each floor has a telephone for making international calls 第二节 摘录要点(共5 小题,计10 分) 阅读下面的材料,然后在表格中完成内容摘要。每空不超过3 个单词。 Some etiquette(礼仪)in modern life Do you often use a cellphone?Do you take the subway to school every day?These items make our modern life easier.But do you know how we should behave properly while using them?The following suggestions might be helpful.For cellphone users ◆Keep your voice down when you make a phone call in public.Shouting on the phone may make others feel uncomfortable.And you􀆳d better not use it during an appointment(约会). ◆Stop sending messages or playing games with your cellphone at a dinner or a party.It􀆳s a good time to communicate(交流)with your family and friends. ◆Don􀆳t make or answer a call while driving.It is not only very dangerous for both you and your passengers but also against the law. For subway passengers ◆You are supposed to wait in line while buying tickets and getting on the subway. ◆You􀆳re not allowed to eat,drink or smoke on the subway train.The smell and noise may trouble others.It􀆳s our duty to keep the train clean and tidy.Besides,smoking is bad for health. ◆You can􀆳t take pets on the train.As we all know,animals may spread diseases(传播 疾病)and get the train dirty. ◆You􀆳d better not lie across the subway seats even if the train isn􀆳t crowded.Offering your seat to someone who needs it is regarded as good manners. Title:Some etiquette in modern life Items(项 Do􀆳s Don􀆳ts 目) Keep your Cellphone 56. ●Don􀆳t send messages or play games at a dinner or a party. users down in ●Don􀆳t make or answer 57. while driving. public. ●Wait in line. ●Keep the train 59. . ●Don􀆳t eat,drink or smoke on the train. 58. ●Offer ●60. on the train. your seat ●Don􀆳t lie across the subway seats. to someone who needs it. 第三节 回答问题(共5小题,计10分)阅读下面的材料,然后根据材料内容回答问题。 The World Wide Web(www万维网)turned 25 years old on March 12th.It has become a very important part in our daily lives.We can􀆳t imagine living without the Web,the short form of the World Wide Web. In 1989,a British engineer named Tim Berners-Lee came up with the idea of the Web.It is a group of “pages” of information that are connected to each other around the world.That is the very beginning of the Web.Since then,the Web has greatly changed the way people live.With a click(点击)of a mouse we can read news,buy things,make friends and learn anything we􀆳re interested in. Now,25 years after its birth,how will the Web influence life in the future?Scientists believe there are both advantages and disadvantages. A growing Web will help build “better relationships” between different cultures.Also in the future,everyday items could be connected to the Web.We could share plenty of information to make our daily lives more convenient(方便的).So one day in the future,your front door could send you a message,“Dear sir,everyone has left the house,but I􀆳m still open!” But scientists warn(警告)us that if we share personal information on the Internet it could get into the wrong hands. “It􀆳s not wise to spend a whole day in front of the screen.People need to get close to nature and enjoy the sun.Never be controlled by the Internet,” said Berners-Lee. 61.How old is the World Wide Web? 62.Who came up with the idea of the Web? 63.What can we do by clicking a mouse according to the passage? 64.Will the Web influence life in the future? 65.What could happen if we share personal information on the Internet? Ⅳ.写作技能(三部分,共11 小题,计30 分) 第一节 翻译语篇(共5 小题,计10分) 阅读下面的短文,将画线部分译成英文或中文。 Sometimes you feel busy and worried.66. 你可能有许多事情要做 , 时间却不够。 You may wonder,“Where does time go?” Here are some ideas to help you make use of it and find more free time to enjoy your life. Plan ahead of time.67. It􀆳s necessary for you to make a plan at the beginning of a week or a day .Think of what you really need and don􀆳t need to do.Spare(匀出)some time to have a short rest and look back on what you􀆳ve done.You may have a sense of success. Say no to yourself.If you are not excited about attending(出席)a social activity,then don􀆳t go.68.待在家里休息。If you plan to go to a supermarket but it is raining heavily,why not stay inside?It􀆳s fine to change your mind and do your shopping another day. Change your pace(节奏).If you usually go shopping on Saturday,choose a weekday night to go instead.69. The stores are less crowded on Wednesday evening than Saturday afternoon.You can feel better if you regard your way home as taking a relaxing walk after supper.Focus on(关注)simple pleasures.70. When your day􀆳s work is done,it􀆳s time to get yourself relaxed .A pleasant bath,a cup of coffee or a gentle song can be enough.Although expensive relaxation is nice,when you focus on simple pleasures,you􀆳ll get more. 66. 67. 68. 69. 70. 第二节 完成对话(共5 小题,计10 分) 通读下面的对话,根据上下文补全对话内容。 A:How is it going,Amy? B: 71 .My math has improved a lot and I got a good mark in the last exam. A:Good news. 72 ? B:I􀆳m reading a passage about Michelle Obama,the US First Lady. A: 73 ? B:I think she is successful,hard-working and energetic. A:I think so.Have you heard that she visited China in March? B: 74 . A:How did you get the news? B:I got it on the Internet.By the way,you looked so tired.What did you do last night? A:I just stayed at home,watching the 2014 World Cup until the early morning. B:Sounds great. 75 ? A:I like Messi best,one of the most popular football players in the world. B:He is really amazing!What a pity!I missed last night􀆳s matches. 第三节 作文(计10分) 76.随着年龄的增长,不少青少年发现越来越难以与父母沟通和交流,各方面的分歧使两 代人之间的关系日益紧张。请围绕该话题用英语谈谈你的看法。 要求:(1)内容包括 ①分析这种现象产生的主要原因; ②提出解决该问题的具体建议。 (2)字数:60—80词。 (3)短文中不得出现你的真实姓名、学校名和地名。 答案全解全析 Ⅱ.知识运用 第一节 语法填空21.B 句意:我妹妹现在年龄足够大,能自己穿衣服了。考查反身代词。dress oneself意为 “自己穿衣服”。由主语my sister可知应用herself。故选B。 22.A 句意:在美国,母亲节在五月的第二个星期天。考查介词的用法。在具体某一天用介词 on。故选A。 23.C 句意:我们俩今天都不想去公园,因为我们不得不完成如此多的家庭作业。考查代词的 用法。由we have to finish so much homework可知“我们都不想去”。either两者之 一;both两者都;neither两者都不。故选C。 24.B 句意:——桌子下面的那个书包是你的吗?——不是,它是我弟弟的。他刚才把它忘在 那里了。考查名词所有格。由句意可知是“书包”,故排除A。由He可知选B。 25.C 句意:那女孩多紧张啊!她整晚都睡不着觉。考查感叹句。nervous是形容词,由感叹句 “How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!”结构可知应选C。 26.B 句意:——啊,太美了!Lily舞跳得这么好。——哦,我认为Kate跳得比Lily更好。考查 副词的比较等级。由than可知应用比较级。故选B。 27.C 句意:卖花的那个商店在街道的尽头。考查定语从句。先行词the shop是物,定语从句 中缺主语,关系代词应用which或that。故选C。 28.A 句意:快要下雨了。你最好带把伞,否则你会被淋湿的。考查连词。or否则;and表示并 列;but表示转折。故选A。 29.C 句意:小汤姆的妈妈回家的时候,他正在玩电脑游戏。考查动词时态。由句意可知应用 过去进行时。故选C。 30.A 句意:——谁在花园里唱歌?—— 一定是布朗先生。他总是在这个时候练习唱歌。考 查情态动词。must表示“一定”;can􀆳t表示“不可能”;need表示“需要”。故选A。 31.A 句意:——天变冷了。你介意关上窗户吗?——当然不介意。本题考查非谓语动词。 mind表示“介意”,后接动词-ing形式。故选A。 32.B 句意:除非我被邀请,否则我不去参加明天的晚会。考查连词的用法。if如果,假 如;unless除非;when当……时候。故选B。 33.A 句意:——我恐怕不能成功地完成这个任务。——别担心。你将被给予大量的时间去 做它。考查动词的被动语态。由题意“你将被给予大量的时间”可知应用一般将来时的被 动语态。故选A。 34.C 句意:——你哥哥是一位优秀的篮球运动员。——他的确是。他三年前开始打篮球的。 考查动词时态。由three years ago可知应用一般过去时。故选C。 35.B 句意:——打扰一下,你能告诉我从这儿到动物园有多远吗?——当然可以。步行大约 10分钟的路程。考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述句语序,排除C。由答句可知是问“路程 多远”而不是问“多长时间”,排除A。故选B。 第二节 词语填空 [语篇解读] 这是一篇记叙文。一位父亲在儿子不小心打翻颜料后,和孩子一起利用颜料去 画出美丽的树木、花草,还有各种动物。文章告诉人们,不要怕做错事,要想出办法去解决问 题。 36.B 由文章第一句中I got an e-mail可知是“电子邮件”使我想起了往事。故选B。 37.A 由文章可知是“突然打翻了颜料”,而luckily(幸运地)和gladly(高兴地)不符合语境。 故选A。 38.C 由上一句My wife rushed in angrily.可知,母亲因为Roy打翻颜料而生气,孩子因而感 到害怕。故选C。 39.B 由...held his hand,“Take it easy,Roy...”可知父亲在安慰孩子。cried(哭)和shouted(大 喊)不符合语境。故选B。40.A 由下文I can change it into a big tree.可知是“使它看起来好”。bad(坏的)和 wrong(错误的)不符合语境。故选A。 41.B 由下文中的paint some butterflies...可知是拿出“刷子”。drum(鼓)和clock(钟)均不 符合语境。故选B。 42.C 由上文paint some butterflies可知选C。washing(洗)和cooking(做饭)均不符合语境。 43.C 由前文的spent the whole afternoon painting and laughing可知是特殊的事情发生了。 dangerous(危险的)和boring(无聊的)均不符合语境。故选C。 44.A 由文章可知从那以后“我”不再担心犯错误。 45.C 由文章可知“我”总能找出解决问题的方法。put out扑灭;hand out分发;find out找 出。故选C。 Ⅲ.阅读技能 第一节 阅读选择 A [语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,讲述了天生残疾的Jason的成长历程,属于励志性文章。 46.A 细节理解题。由文章第一段第二句可知,Jason天生残疾,所以爸爸妈妈第一次看到他 时很震惊。 47.B 细节理解题。由第三段第一句可知答案。 48.C 词义猜测题。因为Jason天生残疾,所以虽然他获得了许多成功,但还是要面对生活中 的许多困难。 49.A 细节理解题。由第二段最后一句可知,他在家从不使用轮椅,所以答案选A。 50.A 主旨大意题。标题要表达全文的主旨大意,本文主要介绍了Jason身残志坚的事迹,故 选A。 B [语篇解读] 本文是应用文,第一部分是对一种新型语言学习方式(Parla)的介绍;第二部分描 述了住宿的规则。 51.B 细节理解题。根据第一部分的...you can be fluent(流利的)in your chosen language in a month!可知。 52.C 细节理解题。根据第一部分最后的“One week free trial”可知选C项。 53.C 细节理解题。可以采用排除法做此题。根据第二部分中的规则1排除A项;根据规则 2排除B项;而C项描述符合规则3,故选C。 54.A 推理判断题。由规则3的描述可知这些规定是为住宿的学生制定的。 55.B 细节理解题。由规则4的描述可知正确答案为B项。 第二节 摘录要点 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了现代生活中的一些礼仪,并对手机使用礼仪和地铁 乘客礼仪两个方面进行了描述。 56.voice 细节理解题。由第一部分“手机使用礼仪”第一点可知。 57.a call 细节理解题。由第一部分“手机使用礼仪”第三点可知。 58.Subway passengers 主旨大意题。文章分为两个部分,由两个副标题可知。 59.clean and tidy 细节理解题。由第二部分“地铁乘客礼仪”第二点可知。 60.Don􀆳t take pets 细节理解题。由第二部分“地铁乘客礼仪”第三点可知。 第三节 回答问题 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了万维网的发展历程及对生活的影响。 61.25 years old. 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知答案。 62.British engineer Tim Berners-Lee. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知答案。63.We can read news,buy things,make friends and learn anything we􀆳re interested in. 细 节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知答案。 64.Yes,it will. 推理判断题。根据第三段“科学家相信万维网既有优点又有缺点”,说明万 维网对生活的影响有两方面,故判断将来它对生活“有影响”。 65.It could get into the wrong hands. 细节理解题。根据第五段可知答案。 Ⅳ.写作技能 第一节 翻译语篇 [语篇解读] 本文是一篇说明文。告诉大家如何合理地利用时间,以便有更多的时间来享受 生活。 66.You may have lots of things to do while time isn􀆳t enough. 67.你有必要在每周或每天开始时制订一个计划。 68.Stay at home and relax. 69.商场里周三的晚上没有周六的下午那么拥挤。 70.一天的工作完毕,就到了你放松自己的时候了。 第二节 完成对话 71.Pretty good 由问句“Amy,情况怎么样?”和下文的“My math has improved a lot and I got a good mark in the last exam.”可知此处应回答“很好”。 72.What are you doing 由答语“我正在读一篇关于美国第一夫人Michelle Obama的文 章”可知此处应问“你在做什么?” 73.What do you think of her 由答语可知是询问对方觉得Michelle Obama怎么样。 74.Yes,I have 问句“你听说她在3月份来访问中国了吗?”根据后面问句“你怎样得知消 息的?”可知此处答语应为“是的,听说过。” 75.Who􀆳s your favorite football player 由答语“我最喜欢梅西——世界上最受欢迎的足 球运动员之一。”可知此处应问“你最喜欢的足球运动员是谁?” 第三节 作文 [写作要点] 1.本文属于议论文,主体时态是一般现在时,文中用了表示提建议的句型。 2.内容要点:①青少年和父母沟通和交流的现状;②现象产生的主要原因;③解决问题的具体 建议。 [参考范文] We teenagers often argue with our parents as we are growing.We find it hard to communicate with them.Sometimes we have different ideas and disagree with each other.Our parents worry too much about our studies,hoping that we get good grades.They complain about our style of clothes and haircut.Besides,we􀆳re not allowed to hang out with our friends. To solve this problem,we should open our hearts and talk with them frankly.Second,we􀆳d better spend some time doing sports or going to movies with them.Moreover,we􀆳re supposed to love them,respect them and understand them. With our efforts,we􀆳ll surely better our relationship and get along well with each other.