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2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷
(满分:120分 考试时间:120分钟)
Ⅰ.听力技能(两部分,共20小题,计20分)(略)
Ⅱ.知识运用(两部分,共20小题,计20分)
第一节 语法填空 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选择最佳答案填空。(共10小题,计10分)
21.—The weather report says it􀆳s going to have a shower this afternoon.
—It does? We􀆳d better now, just in case.
A.to leave B.leaving C.leave
22.—Is the man over there Adam?
—It be him. He has gone to Hong Kong on vacation.
A.must B.can􀆳tC.mustn􀆳t
23.—Do the twins look the same?
—No, Jane is taller than Claire.
A.little B.more C.a little
24.—How many apples can I have?
—You can have two. are for Jim.
A.The others B.Others C.The other
25.You mustn􀆳t drive a car on the road you get a driver􀆳s license.
A.unless B.if C.since
26.—Mom, I bought us two tickets to the 2018 World Cup in Russia.
—Really? pleasant surprise!
A.How B.What C.What a
27.British physicist Stephen Hawking, who as the “smartest man alive”, passed away in England on March 14,2018.
A.praised B.was praised C.will be praised
28.As long as the whole of our society trying, we will make our skies blue again.
A.keepsB.will keep C.kept
29.Kids, I hope you􀆳ll remember the good old days we spent together in junior high though it􀆳s time to say goodbye.
A.who B.what C.which
30.—Does anybody want to share on Father􀆳s Day?
—Guess what? I􀆳ll write a poem for my dad.
A.when will you shop B.what you will do C.where you will go
第二节 词语填空 通读下面的短文,掌握其大意,然后从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。(共10小题,计10分)
When I was fifteen years old, I became very interested in shopping. After a while being just a buyer, I wanted to 31 something. I had many things that I no longer needed at home. I knew with the help of my father I could make money. So for months and
months I 32 myself by selling things on my dad􀆳s bank account(账户).
On July 18th, 2015, I made my own account and began to start my own 33 . Things were going great and then I realized that selling things around the house wasn􀆳t 34 for me, so I decided to expand(拓展)my business by running a resale shop. I went
around to the yard sales and bought things at low prices and sold them at 35 prices to make money.
Last October, I went to a yard sale that was a little bit different. A lady had many nice things to sell. I went up to her and had a 36 with her. Through the communication, I knew she was jobless at that moment and needed money to feed her family. I thought I
could do it better and more quickly for her. So I made a decision to help her out. She looked at me for a while and then said 37 . After that I took away some of her things and over the next month I made $1,500 for her! When I gave her the money, she broke down
into tears(眼泪) 38 .
I have never felt so 39 to help someone in my life. I know my skills could be used to help those in need and that even one small act of kindness could 40 .
31.A.buy B.sell C.produce
32.A.annoyed B.enjoyed C.punished
33.A.business B.holiday C.education
34.A.familiar B.helpful C.enough
35.A.higher B.lowerC.half
36.A.competition B.fight C.conversation
37.A.noB.yes C.sorry
38.A.peacefully B.regretfully C.thankfully
39.A.worried B.stressed C.pleased
40.A.make a difference B.make a mess C.make a mistakeⅢ.阅读技能(四部分,共24小题,计48分)
第一节 图表理解 阅读下面的图表,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共5小题,计10分)
A
41.The ticket price includes the following EXCEPT .
A.drinks B.snacks C.free Wi-Fi
42.From the poster(海报)above, we can know that .
A.the event ends at 10 p.m.
B.the event is just for the best players
C.the ticket online is cheaper than that at the door
B
Name Jonathan Smith
Date of birth Feb. 25,2001
Place of birth New York, NY, the USA
Address:37 Greenfield Road, Sydney, Australia
Contact
Telephone:0123 186 225689
(联系方式)
E-mail:jonathan@myspace.com
GED-12,including English and math
Education
Greenfield High School, Sydney, Australia
Waiter at Betty􀆳s Pizza Restaurant on Saturdays—9 months;
Work experience
Volunteer as a judge(裁判)in Greenfield Nursery School sports meeting—3 times
English—first language
Languages
Chinese—second language
Skills and
Sports, singing, drawing, traveling, gardening
interests
43.According to the chart(图表),how old is Jonathan this year?
A.17. B.27. C.37.
44.Where did Jonathan receive his high school education?
A.In London. B.In New York. C.In Sydney.
45.The chart tells us that .
A.Jonathan hasn􀆳t got any work experience
B.Jonathan knows two languages and loves life
C.Jonathan can be contacted through WeChat messages
第二节 短文理解 阅读下面的短文,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中,选出最佳选项回答问题或完成句子。(共10小题,计20分)
AAfter wandering(闲逛)around in the city for a long time, Tom finally found himself standing in front of the palace. He looked through its golden gate, hoping to take a look at a real prince(王子).
There were some guards(卫兵)standing at both sides of the gate. Tom, dressed badly, was moving nervously past them when he suddenly caught sight of a well-dressed boy who was followed by several servants. He was no doubt the prince!
Tom was excited. He wanted to get close to the prince and have a good look at him. However, a guard saw him and stopped him rudely(粗鲁地).
The young prince, whose name was Edward, was angry with the guard for his rudeness. He asked the guard to open the gate and took Tom to his room in the palace.
The two boys became good friends. They even exchanged their clothes after Tom told Edward that he had dreamt about dressing like a prince. As they stood side by side in front of a great mirror, they were surprised to find that they looked almost like twins!
The two boys were in each other􀆳s clothes when Edward suddenly noticed a bruise(瘀伤)on Tom􀆳s hand. He soon realized that it was caused by the guard who had stopped Tom rudely. In a moment, the young prince ran out of the room. He decided to punish
the guard.
However, the guard didn􀆳t realize that the prince was in Tom􀆳s old worn clothes. He hit Edward heavily on the ear and threw him out of the palace.
46.Why did Tom look through the gate of the palace?
A.To talk with the guard.
B.To ask for a place to live in.
C.To have a look at a real prince.
47.How did Tom feel while moving past the guards?
A.Nervous. B.Excited. C.Proud.
48.When Tom was stopped, Edward got mad because of .
A.the bad manners of Tom
B.the strict rules of the palace
C.the rude behavior of the guard
49.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A.Edward and Tom were twin brothers.
B.Edward was kind, caring and friendly.
C.Edward was tired of living in the palace.
50.We can infer(推断)from the passage that .
A.blood is thicker than water
B.two heads are better than one
C.never judge people by their looks
B
Elephants are the largest land animals alive today. African elephants live in family groups called herds(群). All of the elephants in the herd take care of each other. The leader of the herd is an old mother elephant. She is the matriarch(族长). A herd may have as few as
eight or as many as 100 elephants. The other elephants follow the matriarch because she knows how to keep them safe from coming danger.
Elephants learn by watching and copying other elephants, and also learn from life. Baby elephants stay with their mothers until they are fully grown at about ten years old. Elephants live to be 50 or 60 years old. Elephants are smart animals with long memories. In
the dry season, a matriarch can remember where water was found in the past. The herd will follow her there. She can also remember the safest place for baby elephants to cross a fast-moving river.
Elephants talk to each other with rumbling sounds. Some rumbling sounds are so low and deep that people are unable to hear them. Elephants hear sounds not only with their ears, but also with their feet, and even trunks(long noses of the elephants). They also
greet each other by touching with their trunks and feet. If danger appears, mothers beat their ears to call their babies to them.
Other animals don􀆳t usually attack(攻击)elephants. However, a lion might try to attack a sick elephant or a baby. If this happens, the adult elephants circle around the baby elephants. The adults make louder sounds and hit the ground with their trunks. The
matriarch puts herself between the lion and the herd. She beats her ears out to make herself look even larger. Then she lowers her herd and attacks the enemy(敌人)in a big cloud of dust(灰尘).
51.According to Paragraph(段落)One, an elephant herd .
A.has a father elephant as the leader
B.owns a matriarch who keeps it away from dangerC.always has several leaders and hundreds of elephants
52.Long memories help elephants to .
A.choose their matriarch
B.communicate with each other
C.find water and cross the river
53.What does the underlined word “rumbling”mean?
A.低沉的 B.尖细的 C.高亢的
54.Why do the adult elephants circle around their babies?
A.To keep their babies safe.
B.To welcome their friends.
C.To attack their enemies.
55.The passage mainly tells us about .
A.why the elephants live in herds
B.what the elephants􀆳 living habits are
C.how the elephants avoid being attacked
第三节 语篇补全 阅读下面的短文,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项补全短文。选项中有一项为多余选项。(共4小题,计8分)
A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, while a bad memory as something that cannot be changed. In fact, there is a lot that you can do to improve your memory. Here are some tips(贴士)for you.
◆56.
We all remember the things we are interested in, and always forget the ones that bore us. This explains the reason why schoolboys remember football results easily but struggle(挣扎)with dates from their history lessons! Develop an active interest in what you
want to remember. One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions—the more, the better!
◆Repeat things in chunks(块).
Repeating things in chunks is the best way to remember things for a short time, for example, remembering a phone number for a few seconds. 57. The following numbers would be impossible for most of us to remember:1492178919318483. But look at
them in “groups”or“chunks”repeatedly, and it becomes much easier:1492 1789 1931 8483.
◆Invent a story.
To remember long lists, try inventing a story which includes all the things you want to remember. In experiments, people were asked to remember up to 120 words using this way. When they were tested later, they could remember about 90% of them. 58.
◆Take physical exercise.
Physical exercise is important for your memory, because it increases your heart rate(心率)and sends more oxygen(氧气)to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. 59. As we know, too much pressure is very bad for the memory.
A.Take an interest.
B.Exercise also lowers stress.
C.The test result was really amazing!
D.Another way to improve memory is to get enough rest.
E.Grouping numbers may help you to remember them.
第四节 阅读表达 阅读下面的短文,然后根据短文内容回答问题。(共5小题,计10分)
In Hebei, there is a small village called Yeli. Through the village, you can see green trees along the riverbank. However, you can hardly imagine that, about 16 years ago, this area was covered with rocks and weeds(杂草). The big change is all because of years of hard
work by two best friends:Jia Haixia, who is blind, and Jia Wenqi, who has no arms.
The two friends decided to plant trees to make a living back in 2002. Although both are disabled, they learned to work together by becoming each other􀆳s eyes and hands. With little money to buy young trees, they had to collect and plant cuttings(插枝,插条).
Every morning, they went to the riverbank together. Jia Wenqi walked in the front and Jia Haixia followed him by holding one of his friend􀆳s empty sleeves(衣袖). After they arrived at the riverbank, Jia Haixia would climb on his friend􀆳s shoulders to get cuttings
and Jia Wenqi would tell him which cuttings were the best. After that, they dug holes on the ground and watered the cuttings together.
They planted 800 trees in the first year, but only two survived(存活). They didn􀆳t give up. Instead, they continued to plant more in the next few years. The riverbank is now home to over ten thousand trees.
Today, the two friends no longer need to make a living by planting trees, but they have no plans to stop. They aim to plant as many trees as possible in the area so as to protect the village from flooding(洪水)and to improve the local environment.
60.Where did the story take place?61.Could people see many green trees there 16 years ago?
62.How did these two disabled men work together?(No more than 12 words)
63.How many trees are there along the riverbank nowadays?
64.What􀆳s the purpose of their planting trees now?
Ⅳ.写作技能(三部分,共11小题,计32分)
第一节 语篇翻译 阅读下面的短文,将画线部分译成英文或中文。(共5小题,计10分)
People have been trying to find out if homework is good or bad for school children, and they have different opinions.
65. Some people think that homework is an important part of learning for students . They believe it not only enables children to practice what they have learned in class, but also helps improve their handwriting. They also say that homework helps teach children
how to work on their own. 66. Also , it􀆳s a skill which is useful to them in future life .
Others disagree, though. 67.他们认为家庭作业给孩子们太多的压力。And the time spent on homework could have been used to do other activities like reading and playing sports. To back up their opinion, they give the example of Finland(芬兰). 68. 在芬兰 , 学
生几乎没什么作业。But the country remains one of the most educationally successful countries in the world.
Here is my point of view(观点)on this matter. 69. Whether the homework is good or bad depends on the purpose of it . If there is no clear reason for giving homework, the students won􀆳t get anything from doing it, so it should not be set. However, I still believe
that homework can really help with children􀆳s learning, if teachers clearly tell them why they should do the homework and let them know how they have done in their homework.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
第二节 情景交际 通读下面的对话,根据上下文补全对话内容。(共5小题,计10分)
A:Hey, Emily, how􀆳s it going?
B: 70 . You know what? I􀆳ve made some progress in English, and I got an “A” in the last exam.
A:Wow, good for you! Your efforts finally paid off. 71 ?
B:Well, I just listened to the teacher carefully in class. Besides, reading English newspapers and novels helped me a lot.
A:No wonder grammar is just a piece of cake for you now.
B:Anyhow, I still have a long way to go. By the way, I called you at nine o􀆳clock last night, but you didn􀆳t answer. 72 ?
A:Oh, terribly sorry. I was watching the movie Amazing China. 73 ?
B:Yes, I have. Amazing China really shows us how amazing China is! All the Chinese people are proud of our country.
A:I can􀆳t agree more. I􀆳d like to watch more movies like that after the big exam in June. But now I have to go all out for the exam.
B:You are right. Study comes first. Good luck, my friend.
A: 74 . The same to you!
第三节 书面表达(计12分)
75.假如你是李华,于4月13日星期五这一天参加了学校组织的郊游活动。请你以school trip为主题,写一则英文日记,内容包括参加活动的人员、集合时间、郊游地点、交通方式、活动内容以及个人感受等。
要求:(1)80词左右(开头已给出,不计入总词数);
(2)可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
(3)日记中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
Friday, April 13th
It was sunny today. We went on a school trip.2018年长沙市初中学业水平考试试卷
答案速查
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
C B C A A C B A C B
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
B B A C A C B C C A
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
A C A C B C A C B C
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59
B C A A B A E C B
Ⅱ.知识运用
第一节 语法填空
21.C 句意:——天气预报报道说今天下午有阵雨。——是吗?我们最好现在就走,以防万一。本题考查非谓语动词。had better do sth. 是固定搭配,意为“最好做某事”。由句意可知答案为C。
22.B 句意:——那边的那个男人是Adam吗? ——不可能是他。他去香港度假了。本题考查情态动词。must 必须;can􀆳t 不可能;mustn􀆳t禁止。根据答语后一句“他去香港度假了”可知“不可能”是他,故答案为B。
23.C 句意:——这对双胞胎看上去一样吗?——不,简比克莱尔高一点。a little可修饰形容词比较级。故答案为C。
24.A 句意:——我可以吃几个苹果?——两个给你,其余的给吉姆。本题考查不定代词。the others其余的(特指其余所有的人或物);others另一些,泛指别的人或物(不是全部);the other(两个之中的)另一个。根据语境可知答案为A。
25.A 句意:除非你有驾照,否则你禁止在马路上开车。本题考查连词。unless 除非; if 如果; since 既然。根据句意可知答案为A。
26.C 句意:——妈妈,我给我们买了两张在俄罗斯举办的2018世界杯的门票。——是吗?多么令人高兴的惊喜啊!本题考查感叹句。本句结构符合What+a/an+adj.+n.!的结构。且surprise在此句中作可数名词。故答案为C。
27.B 句意:被赞誉为“世界上最聪明的人”的英国物理学家斯蒂芬·霍金于2018年3月14日在英格兰逝世。本题考查被动语态。主语Stephen Hawking和动词praise构成被动关系。且时间状语为表过去的时间,故本题应使用一般过去时的被动语态,
其结构为was/were+动词过去分词,故选B。
28.A 句意:只要我们全社会继续努力,我们的天空一定会再次变蓝。本题考查时态。as long as 意为“只要”,引导条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”的原则。故答案为A。
29.C 句意:孩子们,虽然是时候说再见了,但我希望你们将记住我们在初中一起度过的美好的旧时光。本题考查定语从句。what不能引导定语从句,故排除B。此处定语从句先行词为days,且关系词在从句中作宾语,故答案为C。
30.B 句意:——有没有人愿意分享一下你将在父亲节那天做什么? ——你猜怎么着?我将给我的爸爸写首诗。本题考查宾语从句。宾语从句应使用陈述句语序,故排除A。又根据答语可知答案为B。
第二节 词语填空
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,讲述了作者以一己之力帮助他人走出困境的故事。作者通过这个故事告诉大家帮助有需要的人,即使一个微小的善意的举动都会产生巨大的影响。
31.B 由第一段最后一句,作者十分享受用父亲的银行账户卖东西,可知答案为B。
32.B 根据上文,在父亲的帮助下,作者赚到了钱可知卖东西让他感到很快乐。enjoy oneself=have fun,意为“过得愉快”。annoy使恼怒,使生气;punish处罚,惩罚。
33.A business 生意;holiday 假期; education教育。根据上下文可知答案为A。
34.C 根据下文作者决定拓展生意可知他不满足于在家附近卖东西。故答案为C。
35.A 以低价买入,再以高价售出来赚钱。根据上下文可知答案为A。
36.C competition 比赛; fight 打架; conversation对话。根据下文communication可知,作者与那位女士进行了交谈。have a conversation with sb.与某人交谈。故答案为C。
37.B 根据后文,作者拿走了她的一些物品,并为她赚到1,500美元可知那位女士同意与作者进行生意。故答案为B。
38.C peacefully 和平地; regretfully 遗憾地;thankfully感激地。根据语意可知,那位女士对作者充满了感激之情。故答案为C。
39.C 作者对能帮助他人感到十分快乐。worried担心的;stressed有压力的;pleased快乐的。
40.A 句意:我知道我的技能可以被用来帮助那些需要帮助的人,甚至一个小小的善举都能产生影响。make a difference 产生影响;make a mess 一团糟;make a mistake 犯错误。根据句意可知答案为A。
Ⅲ.阅读技能
第一节 图表理解
A
41.A 细节理解题。通过海报中Drinks not...可知答案。
42.C 细节理解题。通过海报中Tickets...可知答案。
B
43.A 细节理解题。通过表格中Date of birth中的内容可知选A。
44.C 细节理解题。通过表格中Education中的内容可知选C。
45.B 推理判断题。通过表格中Languages和Skills and interests中的内容可知选B。
第二节 短文理解
A
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,讲述了贫穷的孩子汤姆和王子爱德华之间的故事。
46.C 细节理解题。由第一段最后一句(他透过金色的大门(向里)看,希望看一看真正的王子)可知他希望看一看真正的王子。故答案为C。
47.A 细节理解题。由第二段第二句(当穿着破旧衣服的Tom忽然看见一个身着华丽衣服的男孩被几个仆人跟从时,他正紧张地走过卫兵们)可知穿着破旧衣服的汤姆经过卫兵时十分紧张,故答案为A。
48.C 细节理解题。由第四段第一句(年轻的Edward王子对于卫兵的粗鲁行为感到生气)可知,王子因为卫兵的粗鲁行为而感到生气。故答案为C。
49.B 推理判断题。由第五段王子对待汤姆的行为可知答案为B。
50.C 推理判断题。A选项意为“血浓于水”,B选项意为“三个臭皮匠顶一个诸葛亮”,C选项意为“不要以貌取人”。根据文章大意可知答案为C。
B
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了大象的基本生活习性。
51.B 推理判断题。根据文章第一段最后一句可知选B。
52.C 细节理解题。根据文章第二段第五句(在干旱的季节,族长能够记得在过去找到水的地方)和最后一句,可知选C。
53.A 词义猜测题。根据下文:有些声音很低沉,以至于人们不能听到。可知答案为A。
54.A 细节理解题。根据最后一段可知,如果象宝宝遭到攻击,成年大象会围成一个圆圈来保护象宝宝。
55.B 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知本文讲述了大象的生活习性,故答案为B。
第三节 语篇补全
[语篇解读] 本文为说明文,介绍了形成良好记忆力的方法。
56.A A选项意为“发展一个兴趣爱好。”设空处后提示:我们会记得我们感兴趣的东西,为了你想记住的东西,积极发展一个兴趣爱好。所以答案为A。
57.E E选项意为“组合数字能帮助你记住它们。”设空处后是一个数字分组记忆的事例,所以答案选E。58.C C选项意为“测验结果真令人惊叹!”设空处前讲的实验取得了可喜的结果,且该设空处位于该段结尾应是总结性的句子。所以答案为C。
59.B B选项意为“锻炼也可以减压。”设空处前提示锻炼身体能让记忆力更好,其后提示压力太大,记忆力就不好。所以答案为B。
第四节 阅读表达
[语篇解读] 本文为记叙文,讲述了两个人身残志坚,不离不弃,互为手眼,将荒滩变成绿洲,努力为环境做出贡献的故事。
60.In Yeli, Hebei. 由第一段第一句可知。
61.No. 由第一段第三句However, you can hardly imagine that, about 16 years ago, this area was covered with rocks and weeds(杂草).可知大约十六年前,这片地区被岩石和杂草覆盖。
62.They worked together by becoming each other􀆳s eyes and hands. 由第二段第二句Although both are disabled, they learned to work together by becoming each other􀆳s eyes and hands.可知。
63.Over ten thousand. 由第三段最后一句The riverbank is now home to over ten thousand trees.可知。
64.To protect the village from flooding and to improve the local environment. 由第四段最后一句They aim to plant as many trees as possible in the area so as to protect the village from flooding(洪水)and to improve the local environment.可知。
Ⅳ.写作技能
第一节 语篇翻译
[语篇解读] 本文为议论文,讲述了人们对作业的不同看法。
65.一些人认为家庭作业是学生学习的一个重要部分。
66.而且,这是一种对他们未来生活有用的技能。
67.They think homework puts too much stress on children.
68.In Finland, students have little homework.
69.家庭作业的好坏取决于其目的。
第二节 情景交际
70.Pretty good 由“how􀆳s it going”可知,答语应该和近段情况相关。
71.How did you make such progress 根据答语可知此处应该询问“怎样取得进步的”。
72.What were you doing 根据答语中“I was watching the movie...”可知本句问的是“你那时正在做什么”。
73.Have you ever watched it 根据答语中“Yes, I have.”可知,此处应使用一般疑问句。
74.Thank you 根据上文中“Good luck”可知,此处应是对别人表达谢意。
第三节 书面表达
75.[写作提示]
1.本文为应用文,是一则日记。主体时态为一般过去时。人称以第一人称为主。
2.按题目要求将写作要点一一呈现。
[参考范文]
Friday, April 13th
It was sunny today. We went on a school trip. We visited the Greenery Farm and it was great fun.
All of our classmates met at the school gate at 7: 00 a.m., and went to the farm by bus. On arriving there, we were given a warm welcome by the farm workers. Then one of the workers showed us around the farm, where we learned a lot about farming.
At noon, we had a picnic, during which we enjoyed ourselves in the sunshine, singing, dancing and flying the kites. We did love the fresh air and the beauty of nature. We took lots of pictures.
Time flied! It was time for us to leave though we didn􀆳t want to. It was really an unforgettable and meaningful trip for us.