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希望学教研团队
亲爱的同学：
当你翻开这本书的时候，你又开始了一段新的学习之旅。
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向“能力型”转化。
下面我们将向你介绍本书的诞生过程：
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初二全国S 春上课程大纲
讲次
课程名称
Part 1
7
【知识能力】语法+ 阅读理解 + 话题听力
语法：现在分词& 过去分词
8
【真题易错】
动名词 & 现在分词专练
9
【地道阅读】 From Plastic to Clothing
话题阅读精讲
10
【真题易错】
阅读拓展词汇强化练习
11
【知识能力】语法 + 完形填空 + 句型转换
语法：主谓一致
12
【真题易错】
主谓一致易错考点精练
13
【地道阅读】 Ji Gong the "Strange" Monk
话题阅读精讲
14
【真题易错】
阅读拓展词汇强化练习
15
【知识能力】语法 + 阅读理解 + 话题写作
语法：让步 & 方式状从
16
【真题易错】
让步、方式状语从句易错难点
17
【地道阅读】 Deepest Dive by a Crewed Vessel
话题阅读精讲
18
【真题易错】
阅读拓展词汇强化练习
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Part 2
Part 3
难度星级
【知识/ 技能/ 能
力难度等级】
阅读理解：结构题
话题听力
★
★
★
★
★
阅读理解精练
阅读技能训练
词汇拓展
环保类话题写作练习
完形填空：词汇复现
句型转换
句型转换专练
阅读技能训练
词汇拓展
人物故事类话题听力练习
阅读理解：词义猜测
话题写作
高级句型强化应用练习
阅读技能训练
词汇拓展
个人经历类话题写作练习
* 特别注意：1. 因讲义改版和课次调整，最终安排以实际情况为准
2. 难度星级与所在年级和学期的学习难度相匹配
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Contents
Lecture 7
Part One
Grammar
2
Part Two
Reading
5
Part Three
Listening
9
Part Four
随堂练习
11
Lecture 8
真题易错
16
Lecture 9
Part One
地道阅读
24
Part Two
随堂练习
31
Lecture 10
真题易错
36
Lecture 11
Part One
Grammar
44
Part Two
Cloze
47
Part Three
Test Focus
51
Part Four
随堂练习
54
Lecture 12
真题易错
58
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Lecture 13
Part One
地道阅读
66
Part Two
随堂练习
73
Lecture 14
真题易错
76
Lecture 15
Part One
Grammar
86
Part Two
Reading Skill
90
Part Three
Writing
93
Part Four
随堂练习
98
Lecture 16
真题易错
102
Lecture 17
Part One
地道阅读
110
Part Two
随堂练习
118
Lecture 18
真题易错
122
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LECTURE 7
Lecture7
Part One
Grammar
过去分词用法
现在分词用法
Part Two
Reading
学习主旨大意（结构题）解题方法
Part Three
Listening
学习故事类话题听力
Part Four
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| S 班
2
模块1
Part One
Grammar
过去分词& 现在分词
知识点
一级考点
二级考点
考频星级
难度系数(1-5)
校内进度
非谓语动词
to do
作主宾表定状补
☆☆☆☆
4
八年级
过去分词
作表补定状
☆☆☆☆
4
现在分词
作表补定状
☆☆☆☆
4
动名词
作主宾表定
☆☆☆☆
4
I. 过去分词
形式与涵义
done
(________)
the fallen leaves, boiled water, a developed country
功能
作表语
He became discouraged.
________
She saw the thief caught by the policemen.
作定语
A watched pot never boils.
________
The teacher came into the lab, followed by some students.
Exercise I
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. Suddenly I found my purse was
.
A. to go
B. going
C. gone
D. go
2021 上海八上期中
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3
( ) 2. Lucy tried to speak slowly to make herself
.
A. understand
B. to understand
C. understood
2021 广东八上
( ) 3. — The professor is raising his voice to make himself
.
— Yes. The students are too noisy.
A. hear
B. to hear
C. be heard
D. heard
2021 广东八上期末
( ) 4. The old lady bought the ring
of silver for her granddaughter.
A. made
B. to make
C. making
2021 四川期末
( ) 5. — What are you looking for, Miss Wang?
— A painting
by Picasso.
A. is painted
B. was painted
C. painted
D. painting
2021 江苏
( ) 6.
with most foreign countries, the present situation of COVlD-19 in China
has been under control because of the great efforts of the Chinese people.
A. To compare
B. Compare
C. Compared
D. To comparing
2021 江苏
II. 现在分词
形式与涵义
doing
( 主动 / 进行)
the rising sun, boiling water, the falling leaves
功能
作表语
The music is much pleasing to the ear.
________
She smelt something burning.
作定语
A barking dog seldom bites.
________
Lying still in the grass, he heard the sound of the wild.
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初二| 英语| S 班
4
Exercise II
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. He got up late and hurried to his office,
the breakfast untouched.
A. leaving
B. left
C. to leave
D. having left
2021 上海八下期中
( ) 2. Gina is the only girl
a coat.
A. who wear
B. who wearing
C. wearing
D. wears
2021 山东
( ) 3. Why have you kept me
here for so long time?
A. waited
B. to wait
C. waiting
D. to waiting
2021 广东八下期中
( ) 4. I watched some monkeys
up and down in the trees when I went to the
zoo yesterday.
A. jumping
B. jumps
C. to jump
D. jumped
2021 山东期末
( ) 5. — Look! There are some students
basketball on the playground.
— Yes. I often see them
basketball there.
A. play; play
B. play; playing
C. playing; play
D. playing; playing
2021 贵州
( ) 6. On the way back home, the two girls walked happily,
.
A. sing and dance
B. sang and danced
C. singing and dancing
D. were singing and dancing
2021 江苏八上期末
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初二| 英语| S 班
5
模块2
Part Two
Reading
主旨大意之“结构题”
考情概览
提问方式
What's the structure of the passage?
分类
总- 分；分- 总；总- 分- 总
解题技巧
每段首末句抓大义
段与段之间找关系
综合演练
You were in the shower washing your hair with shampoo when an excellent idea
came to you. You just solved the problem that you had tried to solve for months. It was
an Aha Moment. You may wonder why your best ideas come to you in the shower. That's
because it's the perfect place for creative thinking.
Why? Because you are relaxed. You do something boring that you do every day.
And you give your brain a rest. This shows that a shower can meet the "3Rs" of creativity:
relaxation, repetition, and rest.
A warm shower is relaxing, allowing your mind to wander. It's in a small and safe
space where you feel comfortable. It is probably the only time you can get away from the
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6
daily pressure of life and be alone during the day. When you relax, your brain releases
dopamine, a feel-good chemical that helps pass information between neurons (神经元).
Research shows that you are more likely to be creative when you are doing
something uninteresting like exercising or showering. We spend 40% of our time on
repetitions, being in the shower is one of those times of the day. You are doing something
repetitive every day: you wash your hair and body.
Researchers say when you rest your brain, parts of your brain connect with
one another.
These connections help you focus on useful information and deal with
imaginative problems better.
The shower is the Perfect Place for the Perfect Idea. Relaxation, repetition, and rest
are important things to make people think more creatively. According to research, the
"3Rs" is why 72% of people get creative ideas in the shower. Why do you get your best
ideas in the shower? It's your creative sweet spot. Creativity often comes when you least
expect it.
2021 重庆八下期末
( ) 1. "3Rs" refers to the following words EXCEPT
.
A. relation
B. relaxation
C. repetition
D. rest
( ) 2. The underlined word "repetition" in Paragraph 2 means "
".
A. 激发
B. 投入
C. 重复
D. 探索
( ) 3. The writer organizes the passage by
.
A. giving examples
B. giving reasons
C. comparing facts
D. following the time order
( ) 4. The structure of the passage may be
.
( 1⃝=Para. 1; 2⃝=Para. 2; 3⃝=Para. 3; 4⃝=Para. 4; 5⃝=Para. 5; 6⃝=Para. 6)
A.
B.
C.
D.
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初二| 英语| S 班
7
Vocabulary
1. repetition
/ˌrepə'tɪʃn/
n. 重复；重做；重说
(n.) the fact of doing or saying the same thing many times
词性转换
repeat
v. 重复；再次发生
repetitive
adj. 反复的；重复乏味的
常见搭配
repeat oneself
不自觉地重复
We must not repeat the mistakes of the past.
History has a strange way of repeating itself.
Elderly people tend to repeat themselves.
2. connect
/kə'nekt/
n. 连接；联结
(v.) to join together two or more things; to be joined together
词性转换
connection
n. 联系；连接；关联
常见搭配
connect A to / with B
连接A 与B ( 用with 时, 还表示“ 把A 和
B 相联系”)
熟词僻义
connect (with sb. / sth.)
v. __________________
反义词
disconnect
v. 切断；使分离
You can connect the machine to
If you stand on stage and share your view of the world, people will connect with you.
My computer crashes every time I disconnect from the Internet.
3. spot
/spɒt/
n. 地点；场所
(n.) a particular area or place
一词多义
spot
v. 看见；注意到；发现
常见搭配
on the spot
当场；当下；在现场
be spotted with sth.
__________________
An ambulance was on the spot within minutes.
His shirt was spotted with oil.
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初二| 英语| S 班
8
Exercise
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. — Would you please
what you said?
— Sure. I asked you to have a rest. It's too hot today.
A. show
B. spell
C. review
D. repeat
2021 湖北
( ) 2. Good learners often
what they need to learn
interesting things.
A. between; and
B. connect; with
C. write; down
D. connect; to
2020 河北
( ) 3. When the man was trying to break into the bank, he was caught by the
security staff
.
A. off the spot
B. to the spot
C. in the spot
D. on the spot
2020 广东期末
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9
模块3
Part Three
Listening
故事类话题听力(听后选择)
题型特点
听对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有若干小题，有的考查具体事实和信息，
有的则需领会弦外之音，推测作者意图
解题策略
① 读选项，画出关键词并做预判
② 听录音，注意选项关键词及预判内容出现的位置
③ 记录信息，与选项进行比对
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初二| 英语| S 班
10
Exercise I
Listen to the conversation and choose the best answer.
( ) 1. What did the woman think of her weekend?
A. Wonderful.
B. Boring.
C. We don't know.
( ) 2. How did the woman feel after the trip?
A. Excited.
B. Tired.
C. Worried.
( ) 3. Where were they at 8:00 this morning?
A. On the West Hill.
B. At home.
C. On the way home.
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Exercise II
Listen to a story and then choose the best answer.
( ) 1. How many men have been trapped in a mine?
A. Four.
B. Five.
C. Six.
( ) 2. Are rescue workers drilling a hole?
A. Yes, they are.
B. No, they aren't.
C. Not mentioned.
( ) 3. How long have they been drilling?
A. For seventeen hours.
B. For sixteen hours.
C. For fifteen hours.
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初二| 英语| S 班
11
模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. The movie The Eight Hundred
by Guan Hu topped the list in August.
A. directed
B. to be directed
C. directing
( ) 2. I like that pet cat
Duoduo. It is so cute.
A. call
B. calling
C. calls
D. called
( ) 3. The sick woman
in bed
to the doctor that she'd already taken the
pill
on the table by the nurse a moment ago.
A. lying; lied; laid
B. laying; lay; lain
C. lying; laid; lay
D. laying; lied; lain
( ) 4. He saw an old woman
sandwiches in the shop when he came in.
A. to buy
B. buying
C. bought
D. buy
( ) 5. Chinese spacecraft Tianwen-1 successfully landed on the Martian surface,
a historic accomplishment in China's space development.
A. marking
B. to mark
C. marked
D. marks
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初二| 英语| S 班
12
II. Reading (10' X 5 = 50')
Although most dogs are kept just as pets, some dogs are specially trained to help
people with many different types of disabilities. These dogs help their owners live more
independent lives. There are several types of such dogs, but the most common are guide
dogs, hearing dogs and service dogs.
Guide dogs help blind people get around their homes and communities. Most guide
dogs are large dogs, which wear a harness (系带). It allows the dog and its owner to
communicate. The owner gives directional orders, and the dog makes sure its owner is
safe.
Hearing dogs help a deaf person. They tell their owners to pay attention to sounds
like doorbells, baby cries and smoke alarms. They're trained to touch their owners and
lead them to where the sound comes from. Hearing dogs are generally small. They
always wear orange harnesses that can be easily seen.
Service dogs usually help wheelchair users. The dogs are trained to pick up dropped
objects, open and close doors, help people got into or out of a wheelchair, and find help
when needed. Most service dogs are large dogs. These dogs usually wear a backpack
or harness.
Guide dogs, hearing dogs and service dogs have one thing in common, however.
Before being matched (匹配) with a human partner, each dog undergoes a one-to
two-year training program. After the dog and its owner are matched, they begin to trust
each other and often become a team.
( ) 1. What does a hearing dog wear?
A. A backpack.
B. A bell
C. An orange harness
( ) 2. Service dogs are generally
.
A. small
B. large
C. active
( ) 3. The underlined word "undergoes" in the last paragraph means "
" .
A. takes part in
B. gives up
C. looks for
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13
( ) 4. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage? (P=Paragraph)
A.
B.
C.
( ) 5. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Types of dogs which can help disabled people.
B. The relationship between dogs and people.
C. Ways of training dogs to help people.
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LECTURE 8
Lecture8
非谓语动词之现在分词和动名
词精练
阅读理解之结构题精练
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16
真 题 易 错
非谓语动词之现在分词与动名词
形式
v. + -ing
现在分词( 温故)
作表语、宾补、定语、状语
动名词( 知新)
作主语
( 谓动用单)
Being brave doesn't mean you are not scared.
作宾语
( 动宾或介宾)
I suggest going in my car.
They left without telling anyone.
作表语
( 主语具体内容)
His job is selling cars. ( 说明主语具体内容)
作定语
( 功能或用途)
a swimming pool, a reading room ( 功能、用途)
精选语法题目精炼
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. The sunlight is white and shining,
shadows on the ground.
A. being thrown
B. throwing
C. to throw
D. to be thrown
2021 江苏
( ) 2. — Alex, where is Sam?
— I don't know. I saw him
something on his notebook when I passed
the classroom.
A. write
B. wrote
C. writing
D. is writing
2021 江苏八上期末
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17
( ) 3. The engineers will keep
the project with the manager of the company.
A. discuss
B. discussed
C. discussing
D. to discuss
2021 广东八下
( ) 4. I haven't seen my best friend Lucy for 2 months. I'm looking forward to
a
video call with her.
A. have
B. having
C. has
2021 广东八下
( ) 5.
the whole world has broadened his mind greatly these years.
A. Being travel
B. Traveled
C. To travel
D. Traveling
2021 广东
( ) 6. He made up his mind to devote his life
pollution.
A. to prevent
B. prevent
C. to preventing
D. preventing
2021 江苏
( ) 7. Many students ask for advice about
their English.
A. improve
B. to improve
C. improving
D. improved
2021 天津八上
N O
T
E
S
II. 完成句子
1. These days there are already some robots
(工作) in factories.
2021 四川
2. What about
(主动给予) some school things to the children in poor areas?
2022 江苏八上
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18
3. I like Mr. Lee best because he is good at t
funny stories.
2021 浙江八上
N O
T
E
S
阅读理解之结构题
技巧回顾
每段首末句抓大义
段与段之间找关系
精选阅读题目精炼
By now, we are all aware that social media has had
a tremendous influence on our culture, in business, on the
world-at-large.
Social media websites revolutionized the way
people communicate and socialize on the Web. However, aside
from seeing your friends' new baby on Facebook, or reading
about Justin Bieber's latest conflict with the law on Twitter, what
are some of the real influences?
Social networks offer the opportunity for people to re-connect with their old friends and
acquaintances, make new friends, share ideas and pictures, and many other activities. Users
can keep pace with latest global and local developments, and participate in campaigns and
activities of their choice. Professionals use social media sites like LinkedIn to enhance their
career and business development. Students can work together with their peers to improve
their academic and communication skills.
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Unfortunately, there are a few disadvantages too to social networking. If you are not
careful, immoral people can target you for cyber bullying and disturbance on social sites.
School children, young girls, and women can fall victim to online attacks which can create
tension and suffering. If you are a victim of cyber bullying, do not take it lying down, but try
to take appropriate legal action against the attacker.
Many companies have blocked social networks as addicted employees can distract
themselves on such sites, instead of focusing on work. In fact, studies show that British
companies have lost billions of dollars per year in productivity because of social media
addiction among employees.
Also, what you carelessly post on the Net can come back to trouble you. Revealing (泄
露) personal information on social sites can make users vulnerable (易受伤害的) to crimes
like identity theft, stalking, etc. Many companies perform a background check on the Web
before hiring an employee. If a potential employee has posted something embarrassing on
social media, it can greatly affect their chances of getting the job. The same holds true for
our relationships too, as our loved ones and friends may get to know if we post something
undesirable on social networks.
Social media has its advantages and drawbacks as each coin has two sides. It is up to
each user to use social sites wisely to enhance their professional and social life, and exercise
caution to ensure they do not fall victim to online dangers.
2020 北京期末
( ) 1. Paragraph 2 mainly shows that social networks
.
A. benefit users in various ways
B. offer professional good chances
C. guide users to make right choices
D. help students finish their homework
( ) 2. Faced with problems caused by social media, some companies
.
A. take legal action against the attackers
B. avoid posting embarrassing information
C. refuse to hire potential addicted employees
D. forbid the use of social networks during work time
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( ) 3. The main purpose of this passage is to
.
A. share experiences in using social media
B. provide some advice on social problems
C. raise public awareness of social problems
D. remind people to wisely use social media
( ) 4. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
I: Introduction P: Point Sp: Sub-point (次要点) C: Conclusion
A.
B.
C.
D.
N O
T
E
S
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本讲知识总结
I. 非谓语动词之现在分词与动名词
1. 现在分词(主动/ 进行)
功能：表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语等
2. 动名词(具有名词属性的动词)
(1) 功能：主语(谓动用单)
宾语(动宾或介宾)
表语(说明主语具体内容)
定语(功能、用途)
(2) 常接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)：
admit (承认)，deny (否认)，consider (考虑)，avoid (避免)，prevent (阻止)，
prefer (偏爱)，enjoy (喜欢)，mind (介意)，suggest (建议)，keep (保持)，
look forward to (期待)，devote to (献身于；致力于；专心于)
II. 阅读理解之结构题
做题线索：
1. 每段首末句抓大义
2. 段与段之间找关系
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本讲自我反思
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LECTURE 9
Lecture9
Part One
地道阅读
学习“环保类”阅读文章：From
Plastic to Clothing
学习阅读技能：Recognizing
and Expressing
Concession
学习认知词汇4 个，学习核心词
汇6 个，学习拓展词汇10+
Part Two
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
地道阅读
Part One
BEFORE YOU READ
DEFINITION Look at the photo and read the caption. Match each word in bold with its
definition.
1. _______________ : to continue to exist after sth. else has ended or disappeared
2. _______________ : to change sth. slightly in order to make it suitable for
a new purpose
3. _______________ : connected with the sea and the creatures and plants
that live there
READING
READING
A plastic bottle in a landfill will outlive us for generations
to come unless they are repurposed, and unwanted
fishing nets are polluting the oceans and harming
marine life. Finding new ways to use them is the right
thing to do.
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A It might be strange to wear clothes
made out of plastic bottles. But in fact,
some clothing companies are already
making such clothes.
B Fashion brand JUMA recently showed
its newest collection at a workshop
in Shanghai. Eighteen clothing items
from the collection, including jumpsuits,
jackets, shirts and dresses, were made
from recycled plastic bottles.
C "We realized that billions of water
bottles were being thrown into landfills
and oceans every year and that these
bottles take hundreds of years to
decompose. We thought we should use
them to create our clothes and help
the environment," said Alia Juma, the
company's design director.
D Many other fashion companies are
finding similar ways to save our planet
these days. The process is rather
simple. First, the plastic bottles are
washed and cut into small pieces.
Then they are melted and shaped into
small balls. The balls are melted again
to form thread. People can then use
the thread to make different kinds of
clothes.
E According to Juma, it takes 67,000
bottles to create 1 ton of thread. This
reduces carbon emissions by 4.2 tons
and water use by 6.2 tons compared
with the normal way of making thread.
F "Four bottles can make one pillowcase.
Five can make a shirt, 10 a dress and
20 a short coat," Juma said.
G Some people might have doubts
about wearing something made out
of plastic bottles. But according to
Causeartist, a website that focuses on
innovation, clothes made from plastics
could be even better than nylon
1 and
polyester
2. Plastic thread can be made
into different textures, such as cotton,
silk or even wool. "The more we learn
about recycled fabrics, the more we
realize that they work just like other
fabrics. You can get a heavier cotton
feeling or a silky feeling by weaving
the yarns
3 into different textures and
using different wash methods. There’s
actually a lot you can do with this
fabric." Juma said.
H The price for the clothes in the new
collection ranges from 500 to 3,000
yuan. However, Juma is optimistic that
prices will fall when more companies
follow the sustainability path taken by
her business.
From Plastic to
Clothing
1 Nylon is a strong, flexible artificial fibre.
2 Polyester is a type of artificial cloth used especially to make clothes.
3 Yarn is thread used for knitting or making cloth.
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READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
( ) 1. Why did Juma make clothes out of plastic bottles?
A. To create a new fashion brand.
B. To compete with other fashion companies.
C. To recycle plastic bottles and protect the environment.
D. To meet the needs of their new designs.
( ) 2. What is Paragraph D mainly about?
A. How plastic bottles are collected.
B. How plastic bottles are turned into clothes.
C. How other companies save the environment.
D. How 18 clothing items were made.
( ) 3. What does Causeartist think of clothes made from plastic
bottles?
A. They are too strange for us to wear in public.
B. They will cause a lot of doubts.
C. They are of good quality and provide more possibilities.
D. They need to be more creative than ever.
( ) 4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?
A. Green might be the most common color in the fashion industry.
B. The future of fashion might see more different textures.
C. The prices of the clothes made out of plastic bottles will rise.
D. More companies might make clothes from plastics.
DETAIL
DETAIL
MAIN IDEA
INFERENCE
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READING SKILL
Recognizing and Expressing Concession
Concession is an argumentative strategy by which a speaker or writer acknowledges
(or appears to acknowledge) the validity of an opponent's point. For example, in the
sentence below, the author is expressing concession.
It might be strange to wear clothes made out of plastic bottles. But in fact, some
clothing companies are already making such clothes.
There are a lot other ways to express concession. The words and phrases in bold
below are common examples:
1. I acknowledge / accept that he has worked hard, but it isn't enough.
2. I admit I was wrong, but I still think we were right to doubt her.
3. I concede that you are right about the goal, but not the method.
4. He is boring, and he is rather cold and unfriendly, but, for all that, he is your
uncle and we should invite him.
5. Admittedly, she put a lot of effort in, but it was all wasted.
RECOGNIZING & UNDERSTANDING
Circle the words or phrases showing concession and find out the intended meaning
of each sentence.
1. I accept that you weren't solely to blame, but you must take some responsibility.
2. OK, I admit I was wrong, you were right; he is a nice guy.
3. She's bossy and sly, but for all that, she is a friend.
4. She conceded that we had done all we could, but she was still not content.
5. Admittedly, I could have tried harder, but I still don't think all this criticism is fair.
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VOCABULARY
WORDS FOR READING
Word
Pronunciation
Definition
landfill
/ˈlændfɪl/
n. 废物填埋地
decompose
/ˌdi:kəmˈpəʊz/
v.（使）分解；（使死去的动
植物）腐烂
carbon emission
/ˈkɑ:bən ɪˈmɪʃən/
碳排放
sustainability
/səˌsteɪnəˈbɪləti/
n. 可持续性
WORDS IN USE
1. out of
用（材料）；离开 / 缺乏 ……
used to say what sth. is made of / from; to be away from somewhere
常见搭配
be made out of sth.
由……制成（改变原材料的用途）
out of fashion / date
过时的；陈旧的
out of control
失去控制
out of place
位置不当；格格不入
Slang (俚语) often goes in and out of fashion quickly.
I felt completely out of place among all these successful people.
2. company
/ˈkʌmpəni/
n. 公司；商号；商行
(n.) a business organization that makes money by selling goods or services
相关词汇
business
n. 商业；生意；企业
go into business
去经商
Apple might be the largest computer company in the world.
When he left school, he went into business with his brother.
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3. recycle
/ˌri:ˈsaɪkl/
v. 回收利用；再利用
(v.) to treat things that have already been used so that they can be used again
常见词缀
re-：再；又；重新
restart
v. 重新开始；重启
reunite
v. 重聚；再结合；再联合 (n. reunion)
Denmark recycles nearly 85% of its paper.
The band will reunite for this show only.
4. doubt
/daʊt/
n. / v. 疑惑；疑问
(n.) a feeling of being uncertain about sth. or not believing sth.
(v.) to feel uncertain about sth.; to feel that sth. is not true, will probably not happen, etc.
常考搭配
without (any) doubt
毫无疑问
There is no doubt that ...
……是毫无疑问的
Without doubt, she is the best doctor in the hospital.
There is no doubt that we will succeed in designing the project.
5. innovation
/ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn/
n.（新事物、思想或方法的）创造；
创新；改革
(n.) the introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing sth.
词性转换
innovate
v. 改革；创新
innovator
n. 改革者；创新者
innovative
adj. 革新的；创新的；富有革新精神的
We must constantly adapt and innovate to ensure success in a growing market.
He is an innovator in this field.
There will be a prize for the most innovative design.
6. optimistic
/ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk/
adj. 乐观的；抱乐观看法的
(adj.) to be hopeful about the future or the success of sth. in particular
近义词
positive
adj. 乐观的；积极的；有把握的
反义词
negative
adj. 消极的；否定的
She is not very optimistic about the outcome of the talks.
[ ]
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VOCABULARY PRACTICE
I. Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. In which of the following phrases, the meaning of "out of", is NOT the same as
that in "out of control"?
A. out of shape B. out of place
C. out of date D. be made out of sth.
( ) 2. In which of the following words, the meaning of "re-", is NOT the same as that
in "recycle"?
A. review B. restart C. reunite D. regular
II. Complete the sentences using words from the box. One of them is extra.
1. If you are afraid of failure, then you can't _________.
2. Now he has a successful __________ making sports shoes and clothes.
3. We often compare ________ people to the sun.
4. There seems no reason to ________ her story.
A. optimistic B. innovate C. doubt D. company E. out of
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模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. There is no
that we learned a lot from Sherry's speech.
A. spirit
B. method
C. doubt
D. value
( ) 2. Amy's father is a manager. He works in a
.
A. hospital
B. school
C. company
D. police station
( ) 3. I couldn't believe that such an expensive car was
and crashed into
another car.
A. without controlling
B. out of control
C. under the control
D. out of the control
( ) 4. We should care about the environment and try to
waste paper and plastic
bags.
A. receive
B. recycle
C. repeat
D. review
( ) 5. — No classmate wants to make friends with me. I feel myself
in the
class.
— Don't worry. They will make friends with you if they understand you better.
A. out of order
B. out of place
C. out of date
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Reading (10' X 5 = 50')
Hello, human friends. My name is Nick. I am a turtle. I have lived in the ocean for
over half a century. In general, turtles can live to be more than 100 years old. But now,
many of my fellows (同类) are dying from one thing: plastic.
Human beings use too much plastic. When you throw plastic away, it doesn't just
disappear. Over 90 percent of the world's plastic doesn't get recycled. A lot of plastic
ends up in the ocean.
Most of my fellows do not know the danger of plastic. They think it is food. But in
fact, plastic is poisonous (有毒的). Around 30 percent of my fellows have plastic in their
stomachs. I have plastic in my body too.
Human beings' plastic use is also killing other sea animals. Last month, one of my
whale friends died after eating 80 plastic bags. I feel so sad about it.
My human friends, please stop using too much plastic. Maybe one plastic bag or one
coffee cup won't make a difference. But when seven billion people all start to use a little
less plastic, it will make a big difference. Do you think so? Do you agree with me on this
opinion? I hope you can start to be a man who throws less plastic into the ocean from
now on. If everyone does this, the world will get better and better.
( ) 1. Turtles can usually live to be over
years old.
A. 30
B. 80
C. 90
D. 100
( ) 2. Many sea animals have plastic in their stomachs because
.
A. they think plastic is not delicious
B. they don't know plastic is poisonous
C. they know the danger of plastic
D. they think it is food that can be eaten
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( ) 3. Human beings' plastic use does not
.
A. do harm to turtles and other sea animals
B. pollute the environment of the sea
C. provide sea life with more food
D. lead to the death of many sea animals
( ) 4. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?
A. Nick has lived in the ocean for more than 50 years.
B. Ninety percent of the world's plastic gets recycled.
C. About 30 percent of turtles have plastic in their stomachs.
D. Human beings should stop using too much plastic.
( ) 5. The writer writes the passage in the name of a turtle to
.
A. ask humans to protect sea animals
B. make more friends with humans
C. make more people not use plastic
D. find less plastic in the sea
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LECTURE 10
Lecture10
阅读核心词汇拓展练习
环保类写作句型精练
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真 题 易 错
阅读核心词汇拓展
阅读核心词汇拓展
out of
离开 / 缺乏……
【短语】out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能
innovation
/ˌɪnə'veɪʃn/
n. 变革；创新
【形近词】imitation n. 仿制品
imagination n. 想象力
inspiration n. 灵感
【词性转换】innovate v. 改革；创新
innovative adj. 创新的；
改革的
business
/'bɪznəs/
n. 公司 ( 可数)
商业( 不可数)
【搭配】on business 出差
doubt
/daʊt/
n. / v. 疑惑；
疑问
【常考搭配】There is no doubt that ...
……是毫无疑问的
optimistic
/ˌɒptɪ'mɪstɪk/
adj. 乐观的
【近义】positive adj. 积极的
【反义】pessimistic adj. 悲观的
negative adj. 消极的
recycle
/ˌri:'saɪkl/
v. 回收利用；
再利用
【前缀】re- 再；又；重新
restart v. 重新开始
reconstruct v. 重建
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词汇精选题目精练
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. In
Chinese culture, it is
for a girl to get married without their parents'
approval.
A. remote; out of the question
B. remote; out of question
C. traditional; out of the question
D. traditional; out of question
2019 广东期中
( ) 2. Many people tend to assume that
just means creating something new,
but actually it's more than that — it's an attitude of doing things.
A. imitation
B. imagination
C. innovation
D. inspiration
2021 天津期末
( ) 3. This design of the architecture along the river remains
.
A. innovate
B. to innovate
C. innovation
D. innovative
2022 广东期中
( ) 4.
like Huawei, Lenovo used to do
with foreigners.
A. Business; business
B. Businesses; businesses
C. Businesses; business
D. Business; businesses
2020 上海八上期中
( ) 5. She was always
, even when things were at their worst.
A. attractive
B. pessimistic
C. optimistic
D. greedy
N O
T
E
S
II. 根据中文提示完成句子
1. It's important to learn to take a
(积极的) attitude to life when you are in trouble.
2020 山东期末
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2. The book obviously has a
(负面的；消极的) impact on the readers, so don't let
the students read it.
2020 山东期中
3. The manager can't attend the important meeting because he will be
(出差) tomorrow.
4. The fashion world just keeps
(再利用) old ideas.
2021 天津
N O
T
E
S
写作句型强化练习
环保类写作句型
句型1
The + 比较级，the + 比较级
越……越……
The more we learn about recycled fabrics, the more we realize that they
work just like other fabrics.
句型2
My suggestion / advice is that we should...instead of / rather than...
我的建议是我们应该……而不是……
My suggestion / advice is that we should ride bikes more often instead
of driving cars.
句型3
Only in this way, can we...
只有这样，我们才能……
Only in this way can we enjoy fresh air and live a healthy life.
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精选句型题目精炼
I. 完成句子
1. 我们开车越多，对环境造成的危害就越大。
we drive,
harm we will cause to the environment.
2. 我的建议是从我们身边的小事做起来保护我们的环境，而不是一直抱怨。
My suggestion is that we should start with small things around us to protect the
environment
complaining all the time.
3. 只有这样，我们才能真正解决环境污染问题，把我们的地球变得更加美丽。
can we solve the problem of environmental pollution and make the world
a better place.
N O
T
E
S
II. 翻译：
1. 科技越发展，环境越恶化。
2. 我的建议是环境优先，兼顾发展，而不是相反。
3. 只有这样，我们才能真正建成一个可持续发展的、环境友好型社会。
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N O
T
E
S
本讲知识总结
Part One 阅读核心词汇拓展练习
考查题型：
单选、完成句子
难点易错：
1 组短语辨析：
out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能的
1 组词性转换：
innovation n. 改革；创新
innovative adj. 创新的
innovate v. 创新
1 组近义词反义词:
optimistic adj. 乐观的
近义词：positive
反义词：pessimistic / negative
1 组词汇辨析：
imitation n. 仿制品
imagination n. 想象力
inspiration n. 灵感
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3 组词汇用法:
第一组：
business n. 商业(不可数) ；公司(可数)
on business 出差
第二组：
doubt v. & n. 疑问；疑惑
There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问……
第三组：
recycle v. 回收利用；再利用
Part Two 环保类话题写作句型练习
考查题型：
完成句子、翻译
句型：
1. The + 比较级，the + 比较级
越……越……
2. My suggestion / advice is that we should...instead of / rather than...
我的建议是我们应该……而不是……
3. Only in this way, can we...
只有这样，我们才能……
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本讲自我反思
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LECTURE 11
Lecture11
Part One
Grammar
主谓一致
就近一致原则
就远一致原则
Part Two
Cloze
完形填空之词汇复现法
Part Three
Test Focus
句型转换
Part Four
随堂练习
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44
模块1
Part One
Grammar
主谓一致
表知识点
一级考点
考频星级
难度系数(1-5)
校内进度
主谓一致
谓语动词用单数
☆☆☆☆☆
4
八年级
谓语动词用复数
☆☆☆☆☆
4
谓语动词视情况
☆☆☆☆☆
5
易错考点点拨
易错点
例句
就近一致
___________ 句型
be 动词与相邻的名词保持
一致
There is a pen and some books on the desk.
There are some books and a pen on the
desk.
主语由not only… but
also…, ___________，
neither…nor… 等连接
谓语动词和相邻的主语保
持一致
Either he or I am wrong.
Neither the students nor the teacher knows
anything about it.
Not only my parents but also I am looking
forward to meeting my uncle.
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就远一致
主语由“ 三和”、“ 两除”、
“ 一包括” 连接：
“三和”with / together
with / _________
“两除”_________
“一包括”including
The boy together with his parents goes to
the museum once a week.
Nobody but some students was in the
laboratory.
Everyone including the two boys is scared.
Exercise
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. Either you or one of your students
to attend the meeting to be held
tomorrow.
A. is
B. are
C. will be
D. was
2021 广东
( ) 2. Not only Hannah but also Jack and Peter
fond of the brand-new robot
dog
with artificial intelligence.
A. are; equipped
B. is; equipped
C. are; equipping
D. is; equipping
2022 广东期中
( ) 3. Neither he nor I
from Canada. We are from Australia.
A. is
B. comes
C. am
D. are
2021 北京期中
( ) 4. — How do you like the movie series Mission Impossible?
— Fantastic!
the first
the sixth movie of the series is wonderful.
A. Either; or
B. Both; and
C. Neither; nor
D. Not only; but also
2021 江苏
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( ) 5. Billy as well as his friends
very hard and
a prize every year.
A. studies; is awarded
B. study; are awarded
C. studies; awards
D. study; award
2020 上海八下
( ) 6. Tom, together with his parents,
to the zoo this time yesterday.
A. is going
B. are going
C. was going
D. were going
2020 上海八下
( ) 7. — Look! The students as well as the teacher
watching the film in the
classroom.
— Yes, but the film is so boring that neither the students nor the teacher
it.
A. are; like
B. are; likes
C. is; likes
D. is; like
2021 江苏
( ) 8. Peter with his classmates
for the bus when the earthquake happened.
A. is waiting
B. was waiting
C. are waiting
D. were waiting
2020 天津八下期中
( ) 9. Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming,
as one of the
best all-round forms of exercise.
A. regard
B. is regarded
C. are regarded
D. regards
2021 广东期末
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模块2
Part Two
Cloze
词汇复现法
考情概览
概念
完形的命题过程遵循“重复原则”。我们可以利用这一原则在上下文中寻找线索。
分类
原词
pleasure — happiness; clap — __________
同/ 近义词
反义词
noisy — quiet; early — late; wonderful — terrible
同根词
difference — different; snow — snowy; happy — __________
上下义词/ 解释
food — fruit / vegetable / rice; __________ — bus / car / bike
综合演练
I live in Hollywood.
You may think people in such an attractive, fun-filled place
are happier than others. If so, you have some 1 ideas about the nature of
happiness.
Many intelligent people still equate (同等看待) happiness with fun. The 2
is that fun and happiness have 3 or nothing in common.
Fun is what we
experience during an act. Happiness is 4 we experience after an act. It is
a deeper, more lasting emotion.
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Going to an amusement park or ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun
activities that help us relax, 5 forget our problems and maybe even
6 . But they do not bring happiness, because their 7 effects end when
the fun ends.
I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to 8 , it is to teach us
that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant
9 to glamorous (迷人的) parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that
spells "happiness".
But celebrities (名人) reveal the 10 hidden beneath all their fun: depression,
alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children and profound loneliness.
The way people stick to the 11 that a fun-filled, pain-free life equates
happiness actually 12 their chances of ever obtaining real happiness. If fun
and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain undefined 13 be equated
with unhappiness. But, 14 , the opposite is true: More times than not, things
that lead to happiness 15 some pain.
As a result, many people avoid the very efforts that are the source of true happiness.
They fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children,
professional achievement, religious commitment, charitable work, and self-improvement.
2020 上海期中
( ) 1. A. mistaken
B. right
C. desperate
D. shallow
( ) 2. A. state
B. belief
C. tendency
D. truth
( ) 3. A. a little
B. some
C. little
D. much
( ) 4. A. which
B. that
C. what
D. as
( ) 5. A. gradually
B. temporarily
C. consequently
D. thoroughly
( ) 6. A. change
B. enjoy
C. refresh
D. laugh
( ) 7. A. special
B. deep
C. strong
D. positive
( ) 8. A. play
B. make
C. reach
D. expect
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( ) 9. A. signature
B. participation
C. access
D. appearance
( ) 10. A. secrets
B. unhappiness
C. presentation
D. disagreement
( ) 11. A. prejudice
B. sense
C. theory
D. belief
( ) 12. A. reduces
B. robs
C. consumes
D. increases
( ) 13. A. may
B. must
C. can
D. will
( ) 14. A. under God
B. for free
C. in fact
D. by far
( ) 15. A. abuse
B. involve
C. cause
D. equal
Vocabulary
1. equate
/i'kweɪt/
v. 同等看待；使等同
(v.) to think that sth. is the same as sth. else or is as important
词性转换
equal
adj.& n. 同样的、相等的；同等的人/ 物
equality
n. 平等；相等
常见搭配
equate A with B
把A 与B 相提并论
___________ / have no equal
出类拔萃; 无与伦比
Some parents equate education with exam success.
He is a player without equal.
2. chance
/tʃɑ:ns/
n. 机会；可能性
(n.) a possibility of sth. happening, especially sth. that you want
词性转换
chance
v. 碰巧( 做)；偶然发现
常见搭配
by chance
__________________
as chance would have it
chance to do / on sth.
扫码听音频
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50
I met Mr. Smith by chance.
As chance would have it, John was going to London too, so I went with him.
They chanced to be staying at the same hotel.
3. lead to
招致；致使
to have sth. as a result
一词多义
lead to
带……( 到某处)；通向
同义短语
_____________
导致，引起
bring about
All roads lead to Rome.
A sudden change in temperature will inevitably result in rain.
Exercise
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. All men are created
.
A. gradual
B. equally
C. equal
D. gradually
广东深圳
( ) 2. The famous online star was hurried off before the reporters could have a
to speak to him.
A. chance
B. umbrella
C. novel
D. notice
2021 天津
( ) 3. Playing too many computer games can
serious health problems.
A. refer to
B. suffer from
C. lead to
2021 广东八下
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模块3
Part Three
Test Focus
句型转换
题型点拨
高频
思路点拨
易错积累
同义句转换
①近义词或短语转换
②语法结构转换
hear from = get a letter from
not work = _______________
like... better = prefer to
look after = take care of = care for
use up = run out
have a good time = _______________
go to... in a hurry = rush to...
How do you like... = __________________
when / after 从句 = not until
not the as me as = be different from
in charge of = be responsible for
like = be interested in = be fond of
happen = go on
sometimes = from time to time
own = the owner of one's own = belong to
why don't you... = why not... = how / what about...
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hope to do = hope that...
be able to = ______________ = succeed in doing
take & spend ( 花费) 转换
不定式/ 动名词/ 从句 = it 形式主语句式
too… to… = so… that…
最高级与比较级转换
疑问词 + to do 与宾从转换
肯否疑及特
殊句式转换
掌握不同句式特点
否定：be/ 情/ 助 + not；
利用否定意义词( 组) 如：neither...nor...
一般问句：be/ 情/ 助 提前
特殊问句：疑问词( 组) + 一般问句
反义问句：前肯后否；前否后肯
e.g. There is little milk in the bottle, is there?
Exercise
1. The boy got a letter from his sister last week. (改为同义句)
The boy
his sister last week.
2020 上海八上期中
2. It took me an hour to work out the maths problem. (保持原句意思不变)
I
an hour
out the maths problem.
2020 上海八上期中
3. Learning English well is important for us. (改为同义句)
is important for us to
English well.
2021 浙江八上期末
4. Bob is taller than any other student in our class. (改为同义句)
Bob is
in our class.
2020 山东八上期中
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5. My car didn't work when I was driving to the airport. (保持句义基本不变)
My car
on my way to the airport.
2021 江苏八上期末
6. The maths problem was too difficult for anybody to work out. (句意不变)
The maths problem was
difficult that
could work out.
2020 上海八上期末
7. Billy's never been late for school. (改为反义疑问句)
Billy's never been late for school,
?
2020 上海八上期末
8. I will finish my homework in half an hour. (对划线部分提问)
will you finish your homework?
2021 上海期末
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模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
Sentence Completion (8' X 5 = 40')
1. I want to know what I should do next. (同义句)
I want to know what
next.
2. My watch doesn't work. I want to ask Uncle Wang to repair it. (写出同义句)
My watch doesn't work. I want to ask Uncle Wang to
it
.
3. My watch doesn't work well. (变为同义句)
There's
with my watch.
4. He has been a member of the basketball club for 3 years. (改为同义句)
He
the basketball club 3 years
.
5. I got up early to catch the bus. (改为同义句)
I got up early
I could catch the bus.
II. Cloze (6' X 10 = 60')
Now, it seems that artificial intelligence (人工智能) is becoming more and more
popular in our life, and it has greatly influenced the ways we live, work and play. Can
you 1 that you can play table tennis with a robot one day?
Recently, a scientist has invented a special robot that can be a table tennis
2 . That 3 people can learn how to play table tennis not only from
humans but also from a robot.
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Named Forpheus, the smart table tennis robot is quite special.
It can study the
4 of human players and the speeds of the ball. In this way, it can 5
judge (判断) the players' skill levels. Then it uses the information to 6 the ways
to play. If the players are just beginners, Forpheus will play in a slow and easy way. But if
the players are better ones, the robot will play in a 7 and more difficult way
8 , while playing, it encourages players to try their best with words like: "Good
job!", "Come on!" and so on. At the same time, it gives some good 9 to improve
their skills. So, it is both a good partner and a clever coach.
Science and technology is developing quickly these days and no one knows what will
happen in the future. "In the next 20 years, it will be 10 that one robot teaches
another to play table tennis or even invents another one!" Takurya, the inventor of the
robot, said.
( ) 1. A. think
B. find
C. imagine
D. suppose
( ) 2. A. player
B. star
C. student
D. coach
( ) 3. A. shows
B. means
C. makes
D. proves
( ) 4. A. languages
B. movements
C. thoughts
D. positions
( ) 5. A. quietly
B. slowly
C. exactly
D. carefully
( ) 6. A. lead
B. take
C. change
D. work
( ) 7. A. fast
B. faster
C. slow
D. slower
( ) 8. A. What's more
B. However
C. After all
D. First of all
( ) 9. A. abilities
B. advantages
C. attention
D. advice
( ) 10. A. possible
B. impossible
C. sure
D. unsure
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LECTURE 12
Lecture12
主谓一致重难点精练
句型转换精练
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真 题 易 错
主谓一致重难点
温故
就近一致
there be / not only … but also … / either … or … /
neither … nor …
就远一致
“三和” with / together with / as well as
“两除” except / but
“一包括” including
知新
and 连接的
两个名词作
主语
表示两个不同的概念时，谓动用复
Tom and Jack are close friends.
Steam and ice are different forms of water.
表示同一人，同一物或同一概念，或不可分割的整体时，
谓动用单
The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.
many a /
more than
one / one
of...作主语，
谓动用单
Many a question is asked in the census.
More than one student has failed the exam.
We all know that one of the world's most popular sports
is football.
分数 / 百分
数作主语时，
谓动取决于
of 后名词
About one third of these books are worth reading.
One third of the space is used to hold audience.
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精选语法题目精炼
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. Not only my friends but also I
interested in volleyball and Zhu Ting is
our hero.
A. be
B. am
C. is
D. are
2021 江苏期中
( ) 2. The charity show, as well as other activities,
on TV to raise money for
children in poor areas next week.
A. is going to organize
B. is going to be organized
C. are going to organize
D. are going to be organized
2021 江苏南京
( ) 3. More than one answer
to the question.
A. had given
B. were given
C. has been given
D. have been given
2020 广东深圳
( ) 4. A famous dancer and singer
invited to the party and it was a great
success.
A. was
B. were
C. is
D. are
2020 天津期末
( ) 5. It is reported that many a new house
at present in the disaster area.
A. are being built
B. were being built
C. was being built
D. is being built
2021 广东深圳
( ) 6. Because of the special situation this year, about
of the students in our
school
having classes on the Internet at home.
A. two thirds, are
B. two third, is
C. second thirds, are
D. two thirds, is
2020 湖北
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( ) 7. It's said that
of the water around the world
polluted.
A. two third; has
B. two thirds; have
C. two third; are
D. two thirds; is
2020 甘肃
N O
T
E
S
II. 完成句子
1. There
(有) sheep and cows here and there looking for grass.
2020 江苏期中
2. So far, more than one student
(visit) the new museum.
2022 八下期中
N O
T
E
S
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精选句型转换题目精练
1. Do you believe Sandy's words yesterday? (同义句)
Do you believe
Sandy
yesterday?
2021 江苏南京
2. The big fire in Australia has caused the deaths of thousands of Koalas. (保持句意基本不
变)
The big fire in Australia has
the deaths of thousands of Koalas.
2021 江苏八上期末
3. No one knew what was happening? (保持原意)
No one knew what was
？
2021 上海八上期中
4. Many young parents don't realize the influence of their actions on the children. (保持句意
基本不变)
Many young parents are
the influence of their actions on the
children.
2021 上海期末
5. If he doesn't take action, the situation will probably get out of control. (保持句意不变)
The situation will probably get out of control
he
action.
2021 上海
6. Suzy didn't know when she would take a boat trip on the lake. (保持句意基本不变)
Suzy didn't know
take a boat trip on the lake.
2021 广东八下
7. Sam was so tired that he couldn't continue driving the car. (保持句意基本不变)
Sam was
tired
continue driving the car.
2022 上海八下期中
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8. Why don't you spread your wings and visit France? (保持原意)
spread your wings and visit France?
2022 上海八下期末
9. The G20 leaders are interested in Chinese arts and crafts. (保持原句意思)
The G20 leaders are
Chinese arts and crafts.
2021 上海八上期中
10.The Channel Tunnel makes it possible for you to travel by train from Paris
to London in about three hours. (保持句子意思不变)
The Channel Tunnel
you
travel by train from Paris
to London in about three hours.
2021 上海八下期末
N O
T
E
S
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本讲知识总结
I. 主谓一致5 大易错点
1. 就近一致：
there be / not only... but also... / either...or... / neither...nor...
2. 就远一致：
“三和”with / together with / as well as
“两除”except / but
“一包括”including
3. and 连接的两个名词作主语，表示两个不同的概念时，谓动用复；表示同一人，同
一物或同一概念，或不可分割的整体时，谓动用单
4. many a / more than one / one of... 作主语，谓动用单
5. 分数/百分数作主语时，谓动取决于of 后名词
II. 句型转换
1. 同/ 近义词转换：
sb.'s words = what sb said
cause = lead to (导致)
happen = go on (发生)
realize = aware of (意识到)
not realize = unaware of (没意识到)
be interested in = be fond of (喜欢，对……感兴趣)
why don't you... = why not... (为什么不……)
make sth. possible = enable (使……成为可能)
2. 句式转换
too...to... (太……而不能) = so...that... (如此……以至于……)
if not... 条件句= unless 条件句
从句(when sb....) = 不定式复合结构(when to do)
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本讲自我反思
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LECTURE 13
Lecture13
Part One
地道阅读
学习“传统文化”阅读文章：
Ji Gong the"Strange" Monk
学习阅读技能——
Compound Words
学习阅读认知词汇6 个，学习阅
读核心词汇6 个，学习拓展词汇
10+
Part Two
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
地道阅读
Part One
BEFORE YOU READ
READING
READING
DEFINITION Look at the photo and read the caption. Match each word with its definition.
1. ________: something that can't be explained by the laws of science
2. ________: a person whose religion is Buddhism, an Asian religion
3. ________: instructions that tell you what you are allowed to do and what
you are not allowed to do
In Chinese mythology, Ji Gong was a monk and hero. He was well-
known for his "crazy" behaviors. Against the rules of Buddhism, he
often ate meat and drank wine. However, as the hero of the poor
and sick, Ji Gong used his supernatural abilities to help them.
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Ji Gong the
"Strange" Monk
A His clothes and hat were worn out. He
often had a bottle of wine in one hand,
and either a fan or his shoe in the
other. And he always looked carefree.
Now, have you guessed who he is?
B For more than 800 years, Ji Gong has
been a household name in China. The
monk has continued to be deeply loved
by people for his strange behavior and
his warm heart towards the poor and
sick.
C Ji Gong was born Li Xiuyuan into an
official's family in Zhejiang. When he
was 18 years old, his parents died. The
man then went to a Buddhist temple in
Hangzhou and became a monk.
D Li soon became bored with life in the
temple. Against the rules of Buddhism,
he ate meat and drank wine. He was
also often seen walking in the streets
in dirty clothes. The other monks in the
temple all looked down on him.
E However, Li didn't forget the teachings
of the Buddha. Whenever he met poor
or sick people in the streets, he tried
to help them. For this reason, people
started to call him "Ji Gong" ("Ji"
means "to help" and "Gong" means "an
important man").
F As a result of his many years of charity,
Ji Gong gained some supernatural
powers. One of these powers was the
ability to see into the future. In one
story, he foresaw that a landslide was
about to hit a nearby village. He tried
to warn the villagers, but no one would
believe the drunk monk. Ji Gong had
to think quickly. Just then, he saw a
wedding ceremony. Ji Gong took away
the bride and ran out of town. Every
villager chased after him. Suddenly,
rocks from the top of a nearby
mountain rolled down. The village
was destroyed in the blink of an eye.
Thanks to Ji Gong, no one was killed in
the landslide.
G So we should not judge people just by
their appearance.
For Ji Gong and
many other people,
their goodness
lies not on the
outside but inside
of their hearts.
[ ]
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67
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READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
( ) 1. According to the article, we can use all of the following words
to describe Ji Gong EXCEPT ______.
A. crazy B. kind C. lazy D. unworried
( ) 2. According to the article, when did Li Xiuyuan become a monk?
A. When he was 18 years old.
B. After he was born in Zhejiang.
C. During his early teenage years.
D. After his family moved to Hangzhou.
( ) 3. According to the article, people started to call Li "Ji Gong"
because ______.
A. he was a monk
B. he helped many people
C. he ate meat and drank wine
D. his clothes and hat were worn out
( ) 4. The underlined word "foresaw" (in paragraph F) is closest in
meaning to "______."
A. denied B. realized C. predicted D. supposed
( ) 5. According to the article, Ji Gong saved the villagers from the
landslide by ______.
A. getting the villagers drunk
B. marrying a local young woman
C. running out of town with a bride
D. warning the villagers again and again
( ) 6. We can learn from the passage that ______.
A. practice makes perfect
B. never judge a book by its cover
C. actions speak louder than words
D. don't put all of your eggs in one basket
INFERENCE
MAIN IDEA
INFERENCE
DETAIL
DETAIL
DETAIL
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69
READING SKILL
Understanding Vocabulary - Compound Words
One type of word you may come across in a reading passage is a compound
word. A compound word is made when two (or more) words are put together to create
a new word. To understand its meaning, look at the meaning of the individual words.
Compound words can be a single word (e.g., carefree), two words (e.g., warm
heart), or two words linked by a hyphen (e.g., man-made).
DEFINITION Find and underline the compound words in paragraph F. Then
write them next to their definitions (1–4).
1. ________: cannot be explained by the laws of science
2. ________: to think something is going to happen in the future
3. ________: a mass of earth, rock that falls down the slope of a
mountain or a cliff
4. ________: not far away
COMPLETION Complete the information with compound words. Use one word from
box A and one word from box B for each item (1–6). Use a dictionary
to help you.
A
day high life
man well with
B
light known made
out time trip
China is 1 for a 2 wonder—the Great Wall. China's
first emperor wanted a wall for protection. 3 a wall, his
country was vulnerable to attack from the north. The construction
began during the first emperor's 4 , but it continued for many
hundreds of years after his death until the wall was thousands of
kilometers long. Today, the Great Wall still stands. It can be easily
visited on a 5 in Beijing and is a 6 for many locals and
international visitors.
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VOCABULARY
WORDS FOR READING
Word
Pronunciation
Definition
monk
/mʌŋk/
n. 和尚; 僧侣
Buddhist
/ˈbʊdɪst/
n. 佛教徒 ; 佛门弟子
Buddha
/ˈbʊdə/
n. 佛陀( 佛教创始人); 佛
charity
/ˈtʃærəti/
n. 善举; 施舍行为
supernatural
/ˌsuːpəˈnætʃrəl/
adj. 超自然的
landslide
/ˈlændslaɪd/
n. 山体滑坡
WORDS IN USE
1. wear (wear-wore-worn) out
( 使) 磨损; ( 使) 用坏
be used so much that it becomes thin or weak and unable to be used any more
固定搭配
wear sb. out
使某人精疲力竭
短语拓展
put out
熄灭
die out
灭绝；绝种
The past few days had really worn him out.
How did the dinosaurs die out?
2. strange
/ streɪndʒ /
adj. 奇怪的；奇特的
(adj.) unusual or surprising, especially in a way that is difficult to understand
词性转换
strangely
adv. 奇特地
一词多义
strange
adj. 陌生的；不熟悉的
stranger
n. 陌生人
She noticed the stranger was acting strangely.
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3. rule
/ruːl/
n. 规则; 规章
(n.) what may, must or must not be done in a particular situation
固定搭配
obey/follow the rule
遵守规则
break the rule
破坏规则
一词多义
rule-ruled-ruled
v. 统治；支配
I think these school rules are good for the students.
She once ruled over a vast empire.
4. drunk
/drʌŋk/
adj. 醉的; 沉醉
(adj.) having drunk so much alcohol that it is impossible to think or speak clearly
固定搭配
be drunk with sth.
陶醉于……
一词多义
drunk
n. 醉汉【C】
drink-drank-drunk
v. 喝；喝酒
He was drunk with his success.
A drunk lay in the alley.
5. blink
/blɪŋk/
n./v. 眨眼; 闪烁
(v.) you shut and open your eyes quickly
固定搭配
in the blink of an eye
眨眼的功夫
同类拓展
wink
v. 眨一只眼，眨眼示意
Kathryn blinked and forced a smile.
It was all over in the blink of an eye.
6. judge
/dʒʌdʒ/
v. 判断
(v.) to form an opinion about sb./sth., based on the information you have
词性转换
judgement
n. 判断
一词多义
judge
n. 法官；裁判【C】
It will take a few more years to judge the impact of these ideas.
The judge sentenced him to five years in prison.
[ ]
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VOCABULARY PRACTICE
I. Complete each sentence with correct answer.
( ) 1.If a pair of shoes are worn out, these shoes ____ be used.
A. can
B. can't
( ) 2. If someone says he will be back in the blink of an eye, he means he will return in
a ____ time.
A. short
B. long
( ) 3. A stranger is someone you have ____ met.
A. never
B. ever
( ) 4. Traffic rules are what every driver and pedestrian ____ follow.
A. mustn't B. must
II. Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.
1. Don't talk with ________ (strange) on the Internet. They may be bad men.
2. In England, afternoon tea is often ________ (drink) as a light meal.
3. We have to follow the ________ because they're helpful to us. (rule)
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模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I.Choose the best answer. (10' X 4 = 40')
( ) 1. The box of milk smells
. It has gone bad.
A. nice
B. strange
C. well
D. terribly
( ) 2. I think all the plants would
if there was too much pollution.
A. died out
B. die of
C. die out
D. died of
( ) 3. The
sentenced him to five years in prison.
A. doctor
B. judge
C. engineer
D. teacher
( ) 4. The driver
the traffic rules because of drunk driving.
A. break
B. broke
C. followed
D. follow
II. Reading.(12' X 5 = 60')
You may think you cannot live through summer without air conditioners. But in ancient
China hand fans were almost the only help for people to drive the heat away.
It is said that Chinese people started to use hand fans in the Shang Dynasty. At that
time, they were made of feathers, bamboo or silk. Usually, the fans came in different
shapes, such as round and square.
Later, with the invention of paper, zheshan (folded paper fans) became popular
during the Song Dynasty. There were usually beautiful pictures on the fans. Some were
mountains and rivers, others were flowers and animals. Many great people, including Su
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Dongpo, a poet of the Song Dynasty and Tang Bohu, a scholar of the Song Dynasty, even
painted and wrote poems on their fans. It was a way for people to show off their skills in
literature, painting and calligraphy (书法). This made fans not only useful tools in daily
life but also great art works. Therefore, with their value of beauty fans often showed the
owner's high status (地位). That's why in ancient China, many rich and important people
liked holding fans.
Today, hand fans are popular gifts. During the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, folded
paper fans were given to leaders and officials from other countries, as well as audience
members. While they were having their fans to get cool air they were also experiencing
Chinese culture.
( ) 1. When did people start to use hand fans according to the passage?
A. Shang Dynasty.
B. Song Dynasty.
C. Han Dynasty.
D. Unknown.
( ) 2. Why did the great people of Song Dynasty enjoy holding a zheshan?
A. To enjoy the beautiful pictures.
B. To make themselves well-known.
C. To paint and write poems on it.
D. To show their super taste in art.
( ) 3. What does the underlined phrase "show off" mean according to the passage?
A. 炫耀
B. 传授
C. 学习
D. 掌握
( ) 4. Which of the following can be TRUE about hand fans today?
A. They are popular tools to keep cool.
B. They show Chinese culture in a way.
C. They are gifts for poets and scholars.
D. They are not hand-made any longer.
( ) 5. What's the best title for this passage?
A. The Zheshan in Song Dynasty
B. The Great People and Hand Fans
C. The Development of Hand Fans
D. Beautiful Folded Paper Fans
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LECTURE 14
Lecture14
阅读核心词汇拓展练习
历史& 人物类话题听力精练
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真 题 易 错
阅读核心词汇拓展
阅读核心词汇拓展
1. out 短语
结束；完结
【短语辨析】run out (of) 用完；耗尽
put out 扑灭；熄灭
die out 灭绝
sell out 售完
blow out 吹灭
2. rule
/ru:l/
n./v. 规则；统治
【固定搭配】make it a rule 习惯于……
under the rule of…
在……的统治之下
3. judge
/dʒʌdʒ/
n./v. 法官；判断
【变形】judgement n. 判断；判决
【关联词】case n. 案件
sentence v. 宣判；判决
punish v. 惩罚
4. strange
/streɪndʒ/
adj. 奇怪的；
陌生的
【变形】stranger n. 陌生人
【近义词】unusual adj. 非同寻常的
surprising adj. 惊奇的
unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
5. drunk
/drʌŋk/
adj. 喝醉的
【一词多性】drink-drank-drunk v. 喝；饮
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词汇精选题目精练
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. — It's so
that nobody went to Bill's birthday party.
— Yes. He is popular in our class after all.
A. usual
B. typical
C. strange
D. natural
2021 湖北武汉八下
( ) 2. These computers
well, and they will
soon.
A. sell; sell out
B. are sold; sell out
C. sell; be sold out
D. are sold; sold out
2021 广东深圳八下
( ) 3. — If people don't protect these animals, they will die out from the Earth.
— That's true. We should do something to save them.
A. appear
B. disappear
C. live
2021 广东深圳八上
( ) 4. Even if you take the matter to the judge, you have no chance of winning the
.
A. case
B. matter
C. problem
D. argument
2021 北师大
( ) 5. Don't forget our school rule: every student
wear a uniform in the campus
(校园).
A. may
B. will
C. would
D. must
2022 上海普陀区
( ) 6. I have made
a rule that I practice reading an English essay every day.
A. that
B. it
C. what
D. this
新世纪英语
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N O
T
E
S
II. 所给单词适当形式填空
1. Coffee
(not drink) as much as tea around the world.
2. He
(eat) some bread and
(drink) some milk just now.
3. According to the
(judge), all the illegal income shall go to the state.
4. Although the man was a
(strange), I tried my best to help him.
N O
T
E
S
人物故事类话题听力精练
人物故事类听力表达积累
词汇类
短语类
educational adj. 有教育意义的
material n. 材料；素材
invent v. 发明
helper n. 帮手；助手
well-known / famous / distinguished adj. 著名的
hear of 听说
tell stories 讲故事
have lessons from 向……学习/ 借鉴
be born in… 出生在……
be good / poor at ( 不) 擅长……
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79
听力精选题目精练
I. 听对话，选择恰当的答案。
( ) 1. A. How Nu Wa put off the fire.
B. How Nu Wa looked for the stones.
C. How Nu Wa tried to repair the sky.
( ) 2. A. He could move to another village.
B. He could build a road.
C. He could make machines to help.
( ) 3. A. Buy a CD.
B. Watch The Monkey King.
C. Surf the Internet.
( ) 4. What story will the girl tell?
A. Hou Yi Shoots the Suns.
B. The Monkey King.
C. Little Red Riding Hood.
( ) 5. How will the girl get the materials?
A. By going to the library.
B. By searching the Internet.
C. By asking her teacher for help.
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II. 听后判断
Listen to the passage and tell whether the following statements are True or False.
( ) 1. George Stephenson was only fourteen when he started work.
( ) 2. He was very interested in the engine and spent a lot of time on it.
( ) 3. On holidays he had lessons from a school teacher.
( ) 4. He wasn't able to write his own name until he was eighteen.
( ) 5. The train was invented by George Stephenson.
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III. 听短文，补全文章
Many years ago, there lived a family named Franklin in Boston,
. There were
five girls and six boys in the family. On a
day in 1706, another boy was born.
His parents gave him the name Benjamin. Benjamin was the
of all the children.
He could read when he was five and he could write by the time he was seven. When he
was eight, he began to go to school. In school Benjamin had been good at reading and
, but not good at Maths. At home, he read all of his
books. And
whenever he had money, he spent it on books. Later, he became a famous
.
Most of us have heard of his kite experiment.
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本讲知识考点总结
Part One 阅读核心词汇拓展练习
考查题型：
单选、适当形式填空
难点易错：
1 组短语辨析：
run out (of) 用完；耗尽
put out 扑灭；熄灭
die out 灭绝
sell out 售完
blow out 吹灭
1 组近义词辨析：
strange adj. 奇怪的
unusual adj. 非同寻常的
surprising adj. 惊奇的
unfamiliar adj. 不熟悉的
3 组词汇拓展：
第一组：rule
make it a rule 习惯于……
under the rule of... 在……的统治之下
第二组：judge
judgement n. 判断；判决
case n. 案件
sentence v. 宣判；判决
punish v. 惩罚
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第三组：drunk
drink-drank-drunk v. 喝；饮
Part Two 历史故事& 人物传记话题听力精练
考查题型：
听后选择、听后判断、听后填空
难点易错：
1. 抓不住听力的关键信息
2. 填空题型忽略词性和词形
方法步骤：
1. 审题，圈画选项、文章关键词
2. 预判考查类别
3. 听录音，根据预判抓关键词
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本讲自我反思
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LECTURE 15
Lecture15
Part One
Grammar
学习让步状语从句、方式状语从句
Part Two
Reading Skill
学习阅读理解词义猜测题解题
技巧
积累8 个高频阅读词汇
Part Three
Writing
学习环境保护类话题写作
积累11 组高能词句
Part Four
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
Grammar
状语从句(让步& 方式)
知识点
二级考点
考频星级
难度系数(1-5)
校内进度
状语从句
时间状从
☆☆☆☆
5
八年级
原因状从
☆☆
3
条件状从
☆☆☆☆
5
目的状从
☆☆☆
4
结果状从
☆☆☆
4
让步状从
☆☆☆
5
方式状从
☆☆
4
地点状从
☆☆
4
比较状从
☆☆
5
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I. 让步状语从句
连词
用法
例句
although / though
“尽管”
不与_____ 连用
可与_________ 连用
Though it was cold, yet he went
out without a coat.
________ / _________
“即使”
语气较强
Even though he's 24 now,
he's still like a little kid.
疑问词 + -ever
“无论 / 不管……”
疑问词 + -ever
= no matter + 疑问词
Whoever you are, you must
obey the law.
no matter + 疑问词
“无论 / 不管……”
No matter who you are, you
must obey the law.
as
“尽管”
_______________
Young as he is, he knows a lot.
Exercise I
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. The man jumped into the lake to save the little girl
he knew it was
dangerous.
A. even if
B. once
C. as soon as
D. as long as
2022 山东基础
( ) 2. "We are here to help because we are one family
we live in different parts
of the world." said the volunteer.
A. in that
B. even though
C. so that
D. as though
2021 天津基础
( ) 3.
busy she is, she always spares time to play with her children.
A. Whatever
B. Whenever
C. Wherever
D. However
2021 上海易错
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( ) 4. — Lucy's parents live in Wuhan. But she works in another city.
— So she always goes back to Wuhan
it is convenient.
A. no matter when
B. no matter where
C. no matter how
D. no matter that
2020 湖北难题
( ) 5.
, he does get annoyed with her sometimes.
A. Although much he likes her
B. Much although he likes her
C. As he likes her much
D. Much as he likes her
2021 上海难题
II. 方式状语从句
连词
含义
例句
_______ / _______
“好像；仿佛”
He closed his eyes as if he was tired.
_______
“正如；按照”
Exercise II
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. He opened his mouth
he would say something.
A. even if
B. even though
C. as if
D. if
2020 河北易错
( ) 2. The boy plays the piano
he has a natural ear for music.
A. so that
B. as though
C. so
D. even though
2020 山东易错
( ) 3. You'd better repair the machine
I have told you. Otherwise, there will be
more problems.
A. like
B. with
C. as
D. follow
2021 浙江易错
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Test-passing
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. The girl always does
her parents say. She never makes her parents
angry.
A. when
B. while
C. as
D. if
2021 浙江易错
( ) 2. The engineers are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities,
they have the interests.
A. wherever
B. whenever
C. even if
D. as if
2021 天津易错
( ) 3. Child
he was, he knew what was the right thing to do.
A. as
B. if
C. whether
D. even if
2021 上海易错
( ) 4. Go after what you want,
you may not believe that it is possible.
A. as if
B. above all
C. after all
D. even though
2019 江苏易错
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模块2
Part Two
Reading Skill
阅读理解——词义猜测
词义猜测题
考查能力
考查学生根据上下文语境推断生词意义的能力。
常见提问方式
1. The underlined word / ... means / refers to / stands for ____.
2. The underlined word / ... could be replaced by ____.
3. Which of the following has the closest meaning to ...?
解题技巧
1. 看标志词
① 定义：is / are; mean; refer to; is called; which ...; —; (); “” 等
② 举例：for example; such as; like; for instance 等
③ 逻辑：and; also; however; but; because; so 等
2. 看上下文
解题点拨：无明显标志词时，可根据上下文隐含信息解题
I. 看标志词
The lessons will give you opportunities to know more about politics (政治). It will
provide you chances to study particular issues such as relationships among countries in
the European Union, third world debt, the World Bank, and so on.
( )
What do you think the underlined word "issues" stands for?
A. advantages
B. methods
C. companies
D. problems
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She loves reading all kinds of books. She did not hear what you said because she
was completely engrossed in her reading.
( )
The underlined word "engrossed" means
in Chinese.
A. 专注
B. 放弃
C. 厌恶
D. 漠视
II. 看上下文
It is interesting that I read the books borrowed from libraries faster than those I bought.
The reason is that the books I bought don't have a due date! I don't need to return those
books. Having a reading goal helps you work out how much reading you need to do in
a week or even a day. Before you read each book, ask yourself what time you need to
complete this book by.
( )
The underlined words "due date" mean
in Chinese.
A. 星期
B. 借期
C. 还期
D. 日期
Exercise
The expression "Go for it!" is a way of encouraging someone to try something. It
means you should not worry about failure or be too careful. You should take a chance
and be brave.
"Go for it!" gets its name from football. But it is not the football played in most countries
such as England, France or Japan, but the kind of football played in the United States and
Canada.
One of the most exciting times in football comes when a team has failed, after three
tries, to move the ball forward ten yards. The team must make a very important decision.
The conservative (保守的) choice is to kick the ball and accept temporary (暂时的)
defeat in order to get a good position for your team the next time it gets the ball. The
more exciting choice, however, is to try a fourth and final time to get the remaining yards
needed.
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People now are certain to shout their advice. Some will shout, "Kick the ball!" But
others will encourage the team to take a chance. "Go for it!" they will shout loudly.
In the 1980s, people began using this expression in many kinds of situations to
encourage someone to act bravely.
There is no guarantee (保障) that the action that you "Go for it!" will succeed. But
that is the chance you take when you decide to go for it. You put your fears behind. You
choose courage over safety. You hold your breath and go for it.
2021 浙江宁波八下期中
( ) 1. What does the underlined phrase "Go for it!" mean?
A. You should go straight on.
B. You should take a chance and be brave.
C. You should go to school and ask teachers for help.
D. You should be very careful.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word "defeat" mean in Chinese?
A. 失败
B. 成功
C. 冒险
D. 解脱
Vocabulary
particular
/pə'tɪkjələ(r)/
adj. 特定的
debt
/det/
n. 债务
expression
/ɪk'spreʃn/
n. 表达；表情
yard
/jɑ:d/
n. 码( 长度单位)
conservative
/kən'sɜ:vətɪv/
adj. 保守的
temporary
/'temprəri/
adj. 暂时的
situation
/ˌsɪtʃu'eɪʃn/
n. 情况
guarantee
/ˌgærən'ti:/
n. 保障
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模块3
Part Three
Writing
环境保护类话题写作
学校正在开展以"A greener city, a better life" 为题的英语征文活动。请根据所给提示，用
英语写一篇短文。
2019 江苏八下期末
注意事项：
1. 词数：80 词左右(文章开头已给出，不计入总词数)；
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名、校名等信息；
3. 文章必须包含所提供的主要信息，并作适当发挥。
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A greener city, a better life
As a middle school student in Jiangsu, we should create a greener city to
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I. 审题
话题
环境保护
体裁
说理文
人称
第一人称
时态
一般现在时
II. 列结构& 要点
段落
要点
Para 1
首段
点明目的：
为了更好的生活，我们应该创建绿色城市
Para 2-3
主体
Para 2 描述问题：
1) 到处扔垃圾
2) 浪费水电
3) 尾气污染
Para 3 提出建议：
1) 垃圾分类回收
2) 及时关水、关灯
3) 骑行 / 步行上学
Para 3
尾段
表达愿望，呼吁号召：
每人做出贡献，则影响巨大
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III. 组句子
11 大高能词句
段落
高能词汇 / 句式
释义
首段
1. live a better life
过更好的生活
主体
2. __________________
遗憾的是……
3. It's common to do ...
……是常见的
4. 句子, which 从句
( 非限定性定从) 某事是……
5. __________________
遵循……的规则
6. It's a good idea to do sth.
做某事是个好主意
7. ... so that ...
以便于……
8. We'd better do sth. instead of doing sth.
我们最好……，而不是……
尾段
9. __________________
采取行动去……
10. make an effort
作出努力
11. __________________
产生很大的影响
IV. 连句成篇
As a middle school student in Jiangsu, we should create a greener city to live a better
life.
However, it's a pity that we often see people drop litter everywhere. It's also common
to see the waste of water and electricity. Besides, there are too many cars, which causes
serious air pollution.
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To create a greener city, we must follow the rules of garbage sorting. It's a good idea
to separate the rubbish into different groups so that things like bottles and cans can be
recycled. Moreover, we should turn off the tap when we are not using it and turn off the
lights when leaving a room. Last but not least, we'd better ride or walk to school instead
of taking a car.
All in all, let's take action to create a greener city and live a better life. If everyone
makes an effort, we can make a big difference.
V. 核查
1. 要点是否齐全
2. 文章是否连贯：句子衔接恰当、使用连词
3. 语法是否正确：主谓一致、时态语态、固定搭配等
4. 语言是否正确：拼写、大小写、标点
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模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. — Look at those clouds!
— Don't worry.
it rains, we'll still have a great time.
A. Even if
B. As though
C. In case
D. So that
( ) 2. This passage is hard to understand
there are no new words in it.
A. when
B. though
C. because
D. unless
( ) 3.
he is an 89-year-old man, he still works hard on his rice experiment (实
验).
A. Because
B. If
C. Although
D. Until
( ) 4. You'd better correct the mistake
I have told you. Otherwise, the teacher
may get angry.
A. like
B. with
C. as
D. follow
( ) 5.
difficult the task may be, we will try our best to finish it.
A. No matter
B. No wonder
C. Though
D. However
II. Reading. (10' X 5 = 50')
A little boy was playing in his sandbox on a Saturday morning. While he was building
roads and houses in the soft sand, he discovered (发现) a large stone in the middle of the
sandbox.
The little boy pushed, and pulled, but every time he thought he had made some
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progress, the stone tipped (倾斜) and then fell back into the sandbox. The little boy tried
his best, but his only reward (回报) was to have the stone roll back.
Finally the little boy cried. All the time the boy's father had been watching from his
living room window. At the moment the tears fell, his father came to the boy and the
sandbox. Gently but surely he said, "Son, why didn't you use all the strength that you
had? " The boy said sadly, "But I did, Daddy. I did! I used all the strength that I had." "No,
son, " corrected the father kindly. "You didn't use all the strength you had. You didn't ask
me." With that, the father reached down, picked up the stone and removed (移动) it from
the sandbox.
Do you have "stones" in your life that need to be removed? Are you discovering that
you are too weak to lift them? There is ONE who is always ready to give us the strength
we need. Isn't it funny how we try so hard to do things on our own?
( ) 1. The first paragraph mainly tells us
.
A. the boy found a large stone in the sandbox
B. the boy had a sandbox
C. the boy created roads and houses
( ) 2. Why did the boy cry?
A. Because it was too boring for him to play with the stone.
B. Because his father just watched him from the window.
C. Because he was too weak to remove the stone by himself.
( ) 3. Who removed the stone?
A. The little boy.
B. The boy's father. C. Both the boy and the father.
( ) 4. The underlined word "stones" in the passage means
.
A. happiness
B. work
C. difficulties
( ) 5. From the passage, we know
.
A. we can do everything on our own
B. we should continue doing everything
C. we should learn to ask for help sometimes
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LECTURE 16
Lecture16
让步、方式状语从句易错难点
3 大写作高级句型强化应用练习
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真 题 易 错
语法拓展强化
I. 让步状从连词拓展
连词
含义
例句
while
“尽管”
( 常用于句首)
While I admit that there are problems, I
don't agree that they cannot be solved.
whether ... or ...
“不管……还是……”
Whether you admit it or not, you said it.
单项选择
( ) 1.
having a roommate is challenging, it can also be a great part of your
college experience.
A. While
B. When
C. As
D. If
2019 江苏
( ) 2.
you believe it or not, it's true.
A. Whether
B. If
C. No matter
D. Whatever
2019 上海
( ) 3. You all have to attend the meeting
you're free or busy.
A. If
B. even though
C. whether
D. as
2019 上海
N O
T
E
S
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II. 让步及方式状从易错点强化
1. 让步状从易错点拨：
1) although 和though 不与but 连用，可与yet 或still 连用
2) 疑问词+ -ever = no matter + 疑问词
3) as 引导让步状从，用倒装句型：adj. / adv. / n. + as + 主谓
2. 方式状从易错点拨：
1) as 引导方式状从，表示“正如；按照”，后常跟省略句
1. 单项选择
( ) 1.
he is very young,
he does very well.
A. Though; but
B. Although; but
C. Although; /
D. / ; still
天津宝坻八下期末
( ) 2. He always thinks I'm lying,
I may say.
A. no matter whatever
B. whatever
C. what
D. that
2020 江苏
( ) 3. Poor
it may be, there is no place like home,
you may go.
A. as; wherever
B. though; whenever
C. in spite of; when
D. that; wherever
2021 上海
( ) 4.
, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week.
A. However the story is amusing
B. No matter amusing the story is
C. However amusing the story is
D. No matter how the story is amusing
2020 上海
( ) 5. I feel sorry for those young people who don't care for their aged family
members
I do mine.
A. that
B. how
C. when
D. as
2019 四川
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( ) 6. Balloons float in the air
boats do on the sea.
A. as
B. so
C. so that
D. because
2022 湖南
N O
T
E
S
2. 句型转换
1. No matter how hard my life is, I won't give up helping you. (改为同义句)
hard my life is, I won't
helping you.
2020 重庆
2. His leg was hurt, but he won the game at last. (同义句转换)
his leg was hurt, he won the game
.
2019 广东深圳
N O
T
E
S
写作高级句型应用强化
3 大写作高级句型
No.
句型
释义
1
... so that ...
……以便于……
2
so + adj. / adv. + that ...
如此……以致于……
3
such + (a / an) + 形 + 名 + that ...
如此……以致于……
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翻译
1. 这部电影很精彩，我看了两遍。
The film is
wonderful
I have seen it twice.
2019 广东广州
2. 那是如此漫长的一段旅程，每个人都筋疲力尽了。
That was such
.
2021 江苏无锡
3. 学好英语，以便我们能够与世界分享中国故事。
2021 山东青岛
N O
T
E
S
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本讲知识总结
Part One 语法拓展强化
I. 让步状从拓展连词
1. while：
“尽管”
2. whether ... or ...：
“不管……还是……”
II. 让步及方式状从易错点
1. 让步状从易错点拨：
1) although 和though 不与but 连用，可与yet 或still 连用
2) 疑问词+ -ever = no matter + 疑问词
3) as 引导让步状从，用倒装句型：adj. / adv. / n. + as + 主谓
2. 方式状从易错点拨：
1) as 引导方式状从，表示“正如；按照”，后常跟省略句
Part Two 写作高级句型应用强化
1. ... so that ...
2. so + adj. / adv. + that ...
3. such + (a / an) + 形+ 名+ that ...
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本讲自我反思
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LECTURE 17
Lecture17
Part One
地道阅读
学习“探险类”阅读文章：
Deepest Dive by a
Crewed Vessel
学习阅读技能：
Understanding figures
(Table Charts)
学习阅读认知词汇9 个，学习阅
读核心词汇6 个，学习拓展词汇
10+
Part Two
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
地道阅读
Part One
BEFORE YOU READ
DEFINITION Look at the photo and read the caption. Match each word / phrase in bold
with its definition.
1. ________: the most important or successful part of sth.
2. _________: to remove sb. / sth.'s name from sth., such as the list of members
of a professional group
3. ________: a list of things that one has not done before but wants to do
before dying
READING
READING
For most people, climbing a mountain would be the
pinnacle of their adventuring lives. But for Victor
Vescovo, striking "climb a mountain" off his bucket list
was never going to be the end of the story.
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A Humans first conquered Mount Everest
(the highest point on Earth) in 1953
and the Challenger Deep (the deepest
point on Earth) seven years later. But
no single person had ever visited both
until Victor Vescovo plunged to new
depths in 2019. Vescovo is a retired US
Navy officer and now an investor.
B The Challenger Deep, at nearly 11
km beneath the sea surface, is not just
the deepest point in the Pacific Ocean,
but also the deepest point on Earth.
By sinking to 10,925 meters deep,
Vescovo holds the Guinness World
Records certificate of "the deepest dive
by a crewed vessel".
C Sinking to such a depth was not easy. It
had to be backed up by strict planning,
huge investment and state-of-the-
art technology. Working with Triton
Submarines, Victor spent over four
years developing a brand-new deep-
sea submersible
1 that would be up to
this immense task. It needed to be
capable of multiple descents into parts
of the ocean where pressure levels can
reach in excess of 1,000 times that at
the surface. The result was the DSV
Limiting Factor — arguably the most
advanced deep-sea crewed vessel in
the world right now.
D However, Vescovo knew from the
start that he not only needed the best
technology but also the best people,
so his expedition boasted a wealth
of talent plucked from all around the
world. These included specialists in
everything from geology and marine
biology to sonar mapping
2. These
technical experts were augmented by
a veteran crew with profound maritime
experience who would be more than
capable of dealing with anything that
Neptune could throw at them.
E Vescovo and his team did two dives
into the Challenger Deep in 2019. On
his first dive, Vescovo spent a total of
four hours at the Challenger Deep —
longer than anyone had ever spent
there and not a moment was wasted.
"The key thing is to video as much
as possible," he explained. "It was all
about collecting science."
Deepest Dive by a
Crewed Vessel
1 A submersible is a submarine that goes underwater for short periods.
2 Sonar mapping is a technique used to study the distance between objects.
[ ]
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码
听
音
频
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READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
( ) 1. What can we learn about the Challenger Deep?
A. It's about 11 km away from the US.
B. No other place is deeper than it on Earth.
C. No humans have visited it until 2019.
D. It was discovered by Victor Vescovo in 1960.
( ) 2. What was the biggest challenge at a depth of nearly 11 km in
the ocean?
A. Considerable pressure.
B. The lack of food.
C. Serious pollution.
D. Lack of talent.
( ) 3. What is Paragraph C and D mainly about?
A. How Vescovo prepared for his dive.
B. How Vescovo made the most advanced crew vessel.
C. What difficulties Vescovo had to face underwater.
D. What courses Vescovo had taken in order to do the dive.
( ) 4. Which is TRUE about Vescovo's first dive into the Challenger
Deep?
A. It turned out to be just a waste of time.
B. He tried two times before he finally got there.
C. It took him four hours to sink to the bottom.
D. He collected a lot of information there.
DETAIL
DETAIL
GIST
INFERENCE
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READING SKILL
Understanding Figures — Table Charts
A table chart is a set of data arranged in rows and columns and is one of the most
common ways of putting information across to people. A table consists of several
boxes with information inside. The first row and the first column are generally used
to denote the titles. The use of tables is pervasive throughout all communication,
research and data analysis. In some exams such as IELTS, you may be required to
describe a table chart, so it is necessary for us to learn how to summarize information
in it by representing its main features. The precise conventions and terminology for
describing tables varies depending on the context.
RECOGNIZING Look at the table below and find out some basic information:
Five Deeps Expedition: the deepest points in the oceans
Ocean
Point location
Date dived
Depth
Atlantic
Puerto Rico Trench
Dec 19, 2018
8,376 m (27,480 ft)
Southern
South Sandwich Trench
Feb 3, 2019
7,434 m (24,390 ft)
Indian
Java Trench
April 5, 2019
7,192 m (23,596 ft)
Pacific
Mariana Trench
April 28, 2019
10,925 m (35,843 ft)*
Arctic
Moly Trench
Aug 24, 2019
5,551 m (18,212 ft)
*since updated in 2020 to 10,934 m (35,872 ft) +/- 3 m
1. How many rows does the table contain?
______________________________________________________________________
2. How many columns does the table contain?
______________________________________________________________________
3. What does each row and column represent?
______________________________________________________________________
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DESCRIBING The best strategy is to summarise the information by selecting and
reporting the main features, and to make comparisons where relevant.
Now try to describe the table above using the words in the box.
The table _________ some information about the location and depth of the deepest place
in each of the world's oceans. Apparently, the pacific ocean contains the deepest point
(at a depth of 10,925 miles) _________ to others, _________ the figure of that in the
Arctic Ocean (at a depth of 5,551 miles). _________ other oceans, the lowest points are
strikingly similar, _________ from 7,192 miles to 8,376 miles deep.
A. compared B. almost double C. illustrates D. ranging E. As for
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VOCABULARY
WORDS FOR READING
Word
Pronunciation
Definition
crew
/kru:/
n. 全体船员；工作人员
vessel
/ˈvesl/
n. 大船；轮船
beneath
/bɪˈniːθ/
prep. 在……下方
state-of-the-art
/ˌsteɪt əv ði ˈɑːt/
adj. 使用最先进技术的
submarine
/ˌsʌbməˈriːn/
n. 潜艇
descent
/dɪˈsent/
n. 下降；下倾
augment
/ɔ:gˈment/
v. 增加；提高；扩大
veteran
/ˈvetərən/
n. 经验丰富的人；老手
maritime
/ˈmærɪtaɪm/
adj. 海的；海事的；海运的
WORDS IN USE
1. conquer
/ˈkɒŋkə(r)/
v. 占领；攻克；征服
(v.) to take control of a country or city and its people by force
近义词
overcome
v. 克服；解决
常见搭配
conquer one's nerves / fear ...
战胜紧张 / 恐惧等
The Normans conquered England in 1066.
Charles was overcome with grief.
She was determined to conquer her fear of flying.
2. plunge
/plʌndʒ/
v. （尤指向水中）纵身投入
(v.) to jump / fall / rush into sth., especially into water
一词多义
plunge
v. & n. ( 价格、温度等) 暴跌；骤降
常见搭配
plunge ... into ...
将……插入；使……陷入（混乱等）
take the plunge
决定冒险尝试；采取断然行动
Stock markets plunged at the news of the coup ( 政变).
The news plunged them into deep depression.
We took the plunge and set up our own business.
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3. sink
/sɪŋk/
v. 下沉；下陷
(v.) to go down below the surface or towards the bottom of a liquid or soft substance
常见搭配
be sunk in
陷入不快（或沉思）中
sink so low / sink to sth.
堕落到这种地步；沉沦到某种程度
反义词
float
v. ( 使) 漂浮；( 使) 浮动
She just sat there, sunk in thought.
I can't believe that anyone would sink to such depths.
A plastic bag was floating in the water.
4. capable
/ˈkeɪpəbl/
adj. 有能力的；足以胜任的
(adj.) having the ability or qualities necessary for doing sth.
常见搭配
be capable of ...
有……能力的
词性转换
capability
n. 能力；才能
近义词
capacity
n. 容量；容纳能力；领悟能力
ability
n. 能力
You are capable of better work than this.
Age affects the range of a person's capabilities.
She has an enormous capacity for hard work.
Almost everyone has some musical ability.
5. boast
/bəʊst/
v. 有（值得自豪的东西）
(v.) to have sth. that is impressive and that you can be proud of
一词多义
boast
v. 自夸；自吹自擂
I don't want to boast, but I can actually speak six languages.
The hotel also boasts two swimming pools and a golf course.
6. pluck
/plʌk/
v. 摘；拔
(v.) to pull out hairs with your fingers or with tweezers
常见搭配
pluck sth. out of the air
脱口而出；随意回答
pluck up (the) courage
鼓起勇气（做某事）
pluck at sth.
揪；拽；拉
Is this just a figure she plucked out of the air?
It took me about two hours to pluck up courage to call.
The child kept plucking at his mother's sleeve.
[ ]
扫
码
听
音
频
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117
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
I. Complete each sentence with correct answer.
1. If you ______ something such as a problem, you succeed in ending it or dealing with
it successfully.
A. conquer
B. plunge
2. If you take the ________, you decide to do something that you consider difficult or
risky.
A. sink
B. plunge
3. If a boat ________, it disappears below the surface of a mass of water.
A. sinks
B. floats
4. If a person or thing is ________ of doing something, they have the ability to do it.
A. rigorous
B. capable
5. If you ________ up the courage to do something that you feel nervous about, you
make an effort to be brave enough to do it.
A. pluck
B. boast
II. Complete the sentences with the words given in the box.
1. Ireland _________ beautiful beaches, great restaurants, and friendly locals.
2. The wind _________ at my jacket.
3. The wheels started to _________ into the mud.
4. The world champion _________ yet another challenger last night.
A. plucked B. conquered C. boasts D. sink
初二| 英语| S 班
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模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. You may be the pioneer in this sport, but you needn't
about it.
A. claim
B. remark
C. boast
D. pride
( ) 2. The new policies were dangerous and could
the country
chaos.
A. plunge; into
B. plug; into
C. pluck; up
D. plough; under
( ) 3. He's not
of learning German in six months.
A. possible
B. likely
C. able
D. capable
( ) 4. If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to
on the sea.
A. fly
B. ride
C. float
D. sink
( ) 5. Unluckily, a Yangtze River Cruise ship
because of the bad weather.
A. sink
B. sank
C. sunk
D. to sink
Reading (10' X 5 = 50')
The journey to the moon has been the first step towards future exploration (探险)
in space.
The distance between the Moon and the Earth is very short indeed when
compared with the distances between the Earth and other planets. Mars, the nearest
planet to Earth is millions of miles away! Traveling to the planets will be man's next aim.
Such travels will be more difficult than the trip to the moon and certainly more adventurous
(冒险).
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Recently, two American spaceships, Vikings 1 and 2, landed on Mars, trying to
discover whether that planet has any life on it. So far the signs of life on Mars has neither
confirmed (确认) nor ruled out. Russians have discovered that the surface of Venus is so
hot that it is almost certain that there is no life there. Also the atmosphere of Venus (金
星) is very dense (稠) and the pressure is nearly a hundred times greater than that of the
Earth's atmosphere.
Scientists believe man may find planets which have the same conditions as those
we have on the Earth, but man should realize the Earth will be his only home for a long
time and begin to love and care for it.
( ) 1. According to the passage, traveling to the planets will be
.
A. much easier and even more interesting
B. for more exciting and dangerous
C. man's final aim
D. man's first aim
( ) 2. Which of the following is not true?
A. Mars is nearer to the earth than the moon.
B. The moon is much nearer to the earth than Mars.
C. Of all the planets, Mars is the nearest to the earth.
D. All the planets are much farther to the earth than the moon.
( ) 3. From the passage, we can guess
.
A. there is life on Mars
B. there is no life on Mars
C. the atmosphere of Mars is not so dense as that of Venus
D. scientists will have little hope to find the answers
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( ) 4. Man can live on under the conditions of
.
A. much too hot surface
B. the same pressure as we get on the earth
C. normal atmosphere as we have on the earth
D. Both B and C
( ) 5. Scientists think we should take care of our earth because
.
A. no other planets are to take the place of the earth
B. everything needed is provided by the earth
C. the only home of man will be the earth for a long time
D. the dream to find another home for man will come true
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LECTURE 18
Lecture18
阅读核心词汇拓展练习
个人经历类写作句型精练
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真 题 易 错
阅读核心词汇拓展
阅读核心词汇拓展
conquer
/'kɒŋkə(r)/
v. 占领；攻克；
征服
【近义词】overcome v. 克服
【易混词辨析】control v. 控制
command v. 命令；掌握
request v. 要求；请求
sink
/sɪŋk/
v. 下沉；下陷
【形近词】shrink v. ( 使) 缩水，收缩
shrug v. 耸肩
shake v. 摇动；抖动
capable
/'keɪpəbl/
adj. 有能力的；
有才能的
【词性转换】capability n. 能力；才能
【易混名词辨析】capacity n. 容纳能力；
领悟能力
ability n. 能力
skill n. 技巧
talent n. 天赋
strength n. 强项
boast
/bəʊst/
v. 自夸；
自吹自擂
【易混动词】claim v. 宣称；声称；断言
remark v. 谈论；评论
pride v. 以……为骄傲
pluck
/plʌk/
v. 摘；拔
【常见搭配】pluck up (the) courage
鼓起勇气
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词汇精选题目精练
I. 单项选择
( ) 1. If you have a good
of English, it is easier for you to find a job there.
A. control
B. command
C. conquer
D. request
2020 湖北期末
( ) 2. Your sweater will
if you wash it at too high a temperature.
A. shrug
B. shake
C. sink
D. shrink
2020 黑龙江期末
( ) 3. Due to our tight schedule, we need to get an assistant who's
and efficient.
A. comfortable
B. capable
C. casual
D. curious
2019 上海
( ) 4. — Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?
— Well, you know, English is my
. So it is my best choice.
A. strength
B. talent
C. ability
D. skill
2020 福建
N O
T
E
S
II. 根据提示完成句子
1. The airport to be completed next year will have the
(能力) to handle 50, 000
passengers.
2022 湖南
2. He
(boast) that he had never failed a test.
2021 四川
3. I was certain that love was quite enough to
(战胜，克服) our differences.
2020 江苏
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4. The only way
(conquer) fear is to face it bravely.
2021 广东期末
5. "You needn't try it if you don't want to," Mum said, but I
(鼓起所有的勇气) take a bite and was amazed to find it wasn't so
bad.
2021 天津期末
N O
T
E
S
写作句型强化练习
句型1
not only ... but also ... / not only ... but ... as well
不但……而且……
Vescovo knew from the start that he not only needed the best technology but
also the best people.
句型2
compared with (= by / in comparison with = in contrast to)
与……相比
Compared with what they have gone through, my life is much smoother.
句型3
adj. / adv. / n. + as + 主谓，……
尽管……，……
Much as I admire his courage, I don't think he acted wisely.
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精选句型题目精炼
I. 完成句子
1. 运动会那天不仅下了一整天雨，我还感冒了。
was it raining all day at the sports meeting,
I
got a cold.
2. 与其他运动相比，攀岩对我有一种特殊的魅力。
other sports, climbing has a peculiar fascination for me.
3. 虽然我很生气，但我还是设法平静地说话了。
I was, I managed to speak calmly.
N O
T
E
S
II. 翻译
1. 她不仅忘记了我的生日，而且她未就此事对我道歉。
2. 与上半场相比下半场的比赛更顺一些。
3. 尽管很累，但我们还是感到很高兴，因为我们所有的工作都得到了回报。
N O
T
E
S
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本讲知识总结
Part One 阅读核心词汇拓展练习
考查题型：
单选、完成句子
难点易错：
1 组词性转换：
capable adj. 有能力的；有才能的
capability n. 能力；才能
1 组近义词:
conquer v. 占领；攻克；征服
近义词：overcome v. 克服
2 组搭配：
第一组：
conquer / overcome fear / shyness... 克服/ 战胜恐惧/ 害羞……
第二组：
鼓起勇气：pluck up / summon (up) / muster (up) / gather courage 鼓起勇气
4 组词汇辨析:
第一组：
control n. & v. 控制
command n. & v. 命令；掌握
request n. & v. 要求；请求
第二组：
shrink v. (使) 缩水，收缩
shrug v. 耸肩
shake v. 摇动；抖动
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第三组：
capacity n. 容量；容纳能力；领悟能力
ability n. 能力
skill n. 技巧
talent n. 天赋
strength n. 强项
第四组：
claim v. 宣称；声称；断言
remark v. 谈论；评论
pride v. 以……为骄傲
Part Two 个人经历类话题写作句型练习
考查题型：
完成句子、翻译
句型:
1. not only ... but also ... / not only ... but ... as well
不但……而且……
2. compared with (= by / in comparison with = in contrast to)
与……相比
3. adj. / adv. / n. + as + 主谓，……
尽管……，……
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本讲自我反思
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