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亲爱的同学：
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讲次
课程名称
Part 1
1
【地道阅读】
话题阅读精讲
2
【知识能力】语法 + 阅读理解 + 方框选词
语法：it 用法
3
【地道阅读】The Perfect Working Hours
话题阅读精讲
4
【知识能力】语法 + 完形填空 + 适当形式填空
语法：现在完成时
5
【地道阅读】Japan 's Wastewater Dumping Decision
话题阅读精讲
6
【知识能力】语法 + 写作 + 听口
语法：there be 句型
初二全国S 春上课程大纲
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Part 2
Part 3
难度星级
【知识/ 技能/ 能
力难度等级】
阅读技能训练
词汇拓展
★
★
★
★
★
阅读理解：最佳标题
方框选词
阅读技能训练
词汇拓展
完形填空：逻辑推理
适当形式填空
阅读技能训练
词汇拓展
话题写作
听后转述
* 特别注意：1. 因讲义改版和课次调整，最终安排以实际情况为准
2. 难度星级与所在年级和学期的学习难度相匹配
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Contents
Lecture 1
Part One
地道文章
2
Part Two
随堂练习
9
Lecture 2
Part One
Grammar
12
Part Two
Reading
15
Part Three
Test Focus
19
Part Four
随堂练习
22
Lecture 3
Part One
地道阅读
26
Part Two
随堂练习
34
Lecture 4
Part One
Grammar
38
Part Two
Cloze
42
Part Three
Test Focus
45
Part Four
随堂练习
47
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Lecture 5
Part One
地道文章
52
Part Two
随堂练习
59
Lecture 6
Part One
Grammar
62
Part Two
Writing
65
Part Three
Listening and Speaking
69
Part Four
随堂练习
72
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LECTURE 1
Lecture1
Part One
地道文章
学习“传统文化”阅读文章：
Terrific Beauty of Tie-Dye
学习阅读技能：
Understanding Sequence (2)
学习认知词汇5 个，学习核心词
汇7 个，学习拓展词汇10+
Part Two
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| S 班
2
模块1
Part One
地道文章
Part One
BEFORE YOU READ
DEFINITION Look at the photo and read the caption. Match each word with its definition.
1. ________: a piece of clothing
2. ________: a particular way of doing something
3. ________: to bend something, especially paper or cloth, so that one part
lies on top of another part
READING
READING
Tie-dye is a set of ancient resist dyeing techniques. In this technique,
the color is prohibited from reaching all over the cloth. In the process,
twisting, folding, pleating or crumbling of garments is followed by
dyeing. Strings or rubber can be used for tying up the garment.
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初二| 英语| S 班
3
A The colorful clothes we wear these
days are made by machines. But what
did ancient people do if they wanted to
wear something colorful? Tie-dye was
a way to do this.
B More than 1,000 years ago, the Bai
ethnic group in Yunnan used tie-dye to
dye their clothes. During the Tang (618-
907) and Song (960-1279) dynasties,
this became so popular that people
gave tie-dyed clothes to the emperor
as gifts.
C To tie-dye, you need to first use thread,
rope or other tools to tie, sew, or clip
your cloth together. The folded cloth is
then put in dye. The Bai people usually
make blue dye from a plant.
D As the cloth is folded, some parts
become dark blue, while other parts
have a lighter color. When you unfold
the cloth, you'll see beautiful patterns.
E In the 1960s, tie-dye became a fashion
trend in the US. People tie-dyed T-shirts
and jeans in imaginative ways. Many
children in the US still learn tie-dye in
their art classes.
F At Dior's spring 2019 show, Italian
designer Maria Grazia Chiuri surprised
people with a series of tie-dye dresses.
"Tie-dye is like an experimentation,"
Chiuri said. "Its creative process is a
sort of unpredictable performance,
right until the very end. It's a surprise, a
spectacle." It seems that the tie-dye trend
has never really gone away.
G In order to inherit the national culture,
students in some schools in China
recently tried tie-dyeing in their art
classes, too. They all felt amazed by
its beauty. They said they felt like they
were magicians.
Terrific Beauty
of Tie-Dye
[ ]
扫
码
听
音
频
初二| 英语| S 班
3
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初二| 英语| S 班
4
READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
( ) 1. What do we know about tie-dye?
A. It is used to make colorful clothes.
B. It has existed for less than 1,000 years.
C. It was invented during the Tang Dynasty.
D. It was used only for dyeing emperors' clothes.
( ) 2. According to Paragraph C and D, what do people do to create
patterns?
A. Use different types of blue dye.
B. Fold the cloth before dyeing it.
C. Sew different-colored cloth pieces together.
D. Dye the cloth with both dark and light dye.
( ) 3. What does Chiuri think of tie-dye?
A. It will be a fashion trend in the US.
B. It should be taught in school.
C. It is easy to do incorrectly.
D. It is full of surprises.
( ) 4. What will happen to tie-dye in China?
A. It will disappear in the future.
B. People won't use it any longer.
C. People will inherit the special culture.
D. Students will wear tie-dyed clothes.
DETAIL
DETAIL
INFERENCE
INFERENCE
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初二| 英语| S 班
5
READING SKILL
Understanding Sequence —— Instructions or Directions
Signal words can help you understand a sequence of steps for how to do
something, or directions for how to get to a particular place. For example, notice the
signal words in these instructions for how to photograph a sunset：
First, get out there early to give yourself time to look around and find the best
spot. Next, set up your camera. Try experimenting with different settings. After you
have adjusted the settings, wait for the perfect moment and then take as many
photos as you want. Later, you can develop the film and print out the pictures.
SEQUENCING A. Look back at Paragraph C and D, and number these steps in the
correct order (1-4).
a. Put the folded cloth in dye.
b. Some parts of the folded cloth become dark blue.
c. Use thread, rope or other tools to tie, sew, or clip your cloth together.
d. Unfold the cloth and see the patterns.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____
COMPLETION B. Read about how to give your introduction speech. Then complete the
notes with words from the paragraph.
Introducing yourself to a class can be a daunting task. Deciding
what and how much to share, overcoming anxiety, and presenting
yourself as an interesting person are steps that will help you introduce
yourself with confidence. First, stand up when it's your turn to introduce
yourself. This will make you appear more confident and speak more
clearly. Next, smile when you speak. Smiling will make your voice
sound calmer and show others that you are friendly. With a smile, you
can start your introduction by giving your name first. Then don't forget
to offer some personal details, like hobbies or interests you have. This
gives your classmates and teacher a memorable activity to tie to your
name.
How to Introduce Yourself
1. When it's your turn to make your self-introduction, you'd better
_______ _______.
2. Make sure you are ________ when you speak.
3. Give your _______ first to start your introduction.
4. To make others impressive, you can offer ________ _________
_________.
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初二| 英语| S 班
6
VOCABULARY
WORDS FOR READING
Word
Pronunciation
Definition
ethnic
/ˈeθnɪk/
adj. 民族的；种族的
thread
/θred/
n. 线；线状物
sew
/səʊ/
v. 缝；缝补
clip
/klɪp/
v. 夹住；别住
trend
/trend/
n. 趋势；趋向
WORDS IN USE
1. more than
超过
用法
more than + 数字 = over
超过，多于
more than + 名词
不只是，不仅仅
more than + 形容词/ 副词
非常，很
I have known Tracy for more than 5 years.
Both of us are more than classmates. We are close friends too.
I'm more than happy to help you.
2. fold
/fəʊld/
v. 折叠；对折
(v.) to bend sth, especially paper or cloth, so that one part lies on top of another part
反义词
unfold
v. 展开；展露
She unfolded her tale to us.
3. light
/laɪt/
adj. 浅色的
(adj.) pale in colour
一词多义
light
adj. 明亮的；轻的；少量的
n. 光线；电灯；浅色
It gets light at about 5 o'clock.
The little girl was as light as a feather.
I just want something light for lunch.
扫码听音频
[ ]
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初二| 英语| S 班
7
4. imaginative
/ɪˈmædʒɪnətɪv/
adj. 富有想象力的
(adj.) having or showing new and exciting ideas
反义词
unimaginative = dull
adj. 缺乏想象力的
词性转换
imagine
v. 想象；设想
imagination
n. 想象力
He is an imaginative writer.
5. unpredictable
/ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəbl/
adj. 不可预知的；难以预料的
(adj.) cannot be predicted
反义词
predictable
adj. 可预测的
词性转换
predict
v. 预测；预言
The result is entirely unpredictable.
It is impossible to predict what will happen.
6. performance
/pəˈfɔːməns/
n. 表演；表现
(n.) an act of presenting a play, concert or other form of entertainment
词性转换
perform
v. 执行；演出
His performance is completely over the top.
I'm looking forward to seeing you perform.
[ ]
扫
码
听
音
频
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初二| 英语| S 班
8
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
I. Complete each sentence with correct answer.
( ) 1. If you are more than glad to see someone, it means you are ________ to see him/
her.
A. happy
B. not happy
( ) 2. If a bird folds its wings, it will probably ________.
A. take a break
C. fly high
( ) 3. If a person wears a light-blue shirt, he probably likes ________ colour.
A. bright
B. dark
( ) 4. If something is unpredictable, we ________ clearly know what will happen.
A. can
B. can't
( ) 5. When people watch an imaginative movie, they will probably feel ________.
A. dull
B. excited
II. Complete the sentences with given words in their proper forms.
1. The audience watched as the story ________ before their eyes. (fold)
2. Anne is a girl with a vivid ________. (imaginative)
3. The new techniques aim to improve ________. (perform)
初二| 英语| S 班
8
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初二| 英语| S 班
9
模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer . (8' X 5 = 40')
( ) 1. The box is very
even a baby can lift it.
A. heavy
B. light
C. high
D. low
( ) 2. I like watching the
of that musician.
A. perform
B. perfect
C. prevent
D. performance
( ) 3. — Look! He's jumping so far!
— Hard to
his legs were once broken.
A. know
B. find
C. imagine
D. realize
( ) 4. — How many students will take part in this meeting?
— Over 2,000 students.
A. less than
B. fewer than
C. more than
( ) 5. Are you able to
what will happen in the years ahead?
A. prefer
B. predict
C. prevent
D. produce
II. Reading.(15'x4=60')
Dragon Dance (舞龙) is a kind of traditional dance in Chinese culture. It has been
spread all over China and to the whole world.
Traditionally, dragons were made of wood and cloth. However, in the modern times,
dragons are much lighter because they are made of lighter materials like plastics. The
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10
length (长度) of dragons can be from around 25 to 35 meters for acrobatic (杂技的)
models, and up to 50 to 70 meters for the largest parade (游行) styles because people
believe that the longer the dragon is, the more luck it will bring. A small organization
cannot run a very long dragon because it requires great human power, much money and
special skills.
The Dragon Dance itself began during the Han Dynasty. And it was started by the
Chinese who had shown great respect towards the dragon. It was already a popular
event during the Song Dynasty. At that time, it became a popular activity like the Lion
Dance. People could often see it during some important festivals. In the Qing Dynasty,
the Dragon Dance Team of Fuzhou was invited to put on a show in Beijing. And the
Emperor (皇帝) spoke highly of it. The emperors of ancient China thought themselves as
the dragons.
( ) 1. What were dragons traditionally made of?
A. Gold.
B. Paper.
C. Wood and cloth. D. Plastics.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word "it" refer to?
A. Running a very long dragon.
B. A small organization.
C. A parade.
D. An acrobatic model.
( ) 3. When did the Dragon Dance become popular?
A. During the Han Dynasty.
B. During the Song Dynasty.
C. During the Tang Dynasty.
D. During the Qing Dynasty.
( ) 4. What can we know from the passage?
A. A small organization can run a very long dragon.
B. The Dragon Dance began during the Han Dynasty.
C. Dragon Dance was started by a man who met a dragon.
D. The ancient emperors of China were dragons in fact.
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LECTURE 2
Lecture2
Part One
Grammar
it & that & one 区别
it 各大句型及应用
Part Two
Reading
学习“最佳标题”题的解题方法
Part Three
Test Focus
学习“方框选词”题型特点及解
题策略
Part Four
随堂练习
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初二| 英语| S 班
12
模块1
Part One
Grammar
it 用法
温故：it & that & one 区别
it
“同名同物”
My father bought me a pen and I like it very much.
that
“同名异物”，_________ = the + 名词
This dictionary is more useful than that I bought yesterday.
one
“_______________”，泛指 = a ／an ＋名词
A chair made of steel is stronger than one made of wood.
Exercise I
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. The Parkers bought a new house but
will need a lot of work before they
can move in.
A. they
B. it
C. one
D. which
( ) 2. — I wonder if I can use your camera.
— I don't have
. But my roommate does. He bought
last month.
A. one；one
B. it；one
C. it；it
D. one；it
( ) 3. Helping others is a habit,
you can learn even at an early age.
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. one
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( ) 4. — There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow
?
— No, I'd rather buy
in the bookstore.
A. it; one
B. one; one
C. one; it
D. it; it
( ) 5. Mike's method of learning English is totally different from
of Tony's.
A. that
B. one
C. those
D. it
知新：it 作形式主语与形式宾语实用句型
it 作形
式主语
1. 替代从句
It happens that … (___________)
e.g. It happens that I received the letter this morning.
It occurs to / comes to / strikes / hits sb. that… (___________)
e.g. At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time.
It is said / reported that… ( 据说 / 据报道)
e.g. It is reported that she earns over $10 million a year.
It is well-known that… (___________)
e.g. It is well known that bamboo shoots are a panda’s staple diet.
2. 替代不定式
it + be + adj. / n. + to do
e.g.
learn English.
It was his job to clean the yard.
it + 动词 + 宾语 + to do
e.g.
the task.
3. 替代动名词
It is no use / good doing sth. (_________________)
e.g. It is no good hoping for other’s help.
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初二| 英语| S 班
14
it 作形
式宾语
1. 替代不定式 / 从句
主语 + think / believe / suppose / consider / feel / make / keep…+ it + adj.
/ n. + (for / of sb.) to do sth. / that 从句
e.g. I feel it a great honor to deliver this speech to all of you.
I took it for granted that I would be admitted into Peking University.
2. 替代动名词
主 + think / believe / suppose / consider / feel / make / keep…+ it + no
use / good…doing sth.
e.g. I feel it no good only remembering the grammar rules in language
learning.
Exercise II
Complete the sentences using proper "it" structures.
1. 我认为我们开这个会是必要的。
I think
that we have the meeting.
2. 众所周知，在世界上中国人口最多。
China has the largest population in the world.
3. 据说他们都去看电影了。
all of them have gone to the cinema.
4. 与他争论是没用的，因为他非常固执。
with him as / because he is very stubborn.
5. 我突然想到，我忘记提醒班长集合时间了，随即给他发了一个消息。
that I forgot to remind the monitor of the time
for gathering, so I left him a short message.
6. 我把每天晚饭后散步作为我的习惯。
to go for a walk after supper every day.
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初二| 英语| S 班
15
模块2
Part Two
Reading
“最佳标题类”题目
常见提问方式
What would be the best title for the text?
Which of the following can be the best title for the text?
What is the best title for this news story?
What might be the most suitable title for the text?
做题思路
寻找主旨句 / 词
主旨句
通常出现于文章的首段或尾段，起到总领全文或总结全文的作用；
少数文章的主旨句位于第二段。具有高度概括性或口号性，过于细
节的句子通常都不是主旨句。
主旨词
通常会在文章中出现多次，呈现形式多为同一个词不断重复或同类
型词反复出现。
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初二| 英语| S 班
16
错误选项特征
以点概面
选项表达局部/ 细节信息而不是主体信息
过于笼统
归纳的主题太宽泛，与文章本身脱节
无中生有
在文中完全没有出现，找不到任何依据
信息错误
表达有误或太绝对，与文章主旨不符。
例题
When you can't use words to express your idea, you can make a gesture and people
will usually understand what you are trying to say. Here are some examples of using
gestures in the UK.
The Wave (挥手)
The wave is the most common gesture. To greet each other or to say goodbye, most
people raise their hand and move it from side to side. One famous wave is made by the
Queen. You can watch a video to see how Her Majesty (女王陛下) does her tasteful (高
雅的) wave.
The V Sign
You may just be trying to spread peace and love, but if you are in the UK, please
pay attention to where your hand is facing. Let the back of your hand face yourself, or it
becomes an impolite gesture.
Pointing
This is not used as an insult (侮辱), but it is an impolite action when in public. Doing
this can cause people to get angry, and even they'll just walk away from you.
( )
What is the best title for this passage?
A. Polite Gestures
B. Gestures in the UK
C. One Famous Wave
D. Different Gestures
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Exercise
Different weather makes people feel different. It influences health, intelligence (智
力) and feelings.
In August, it is very hot and wet in the southern part of the United States. People
there have heart trouble and other kinds of health problems during this month. In the
Northeast and the Middle West, it is very hot at some times and very cold at other times.
People in these states have more heart trouble after the weather changes in February or
March.
The weather can also influence intelligence.
For example, in a 1983 report by
scientists, IQ of a group of students was very high when a very strong wind came, but
after the strong wind, their IQ was 10% lower. The wind can help people have more
intelligence. Very hot weather, on the other hand, can make it lower. Students in many
schools of the United States often get worse on exams in the hot months of the year (July
and August).
Weather also has a strong influence on people's feelings. Winter may be a bad time
for thin people. They usually feel cold during these months. They might feel unhappy
during cold weather. But fat people may have a hard time in hot summer. At about 18◦C,
people become stronger.
Low air pressure (气压) may make people forgetful. People leave more bags on
buses and in shops on low-pressure days. People feel best at a temperature of about
18◦C.
Are you feeling sad, tired, forgetful, or unhappy today? It may be the weather's
problem.
( ) 1. What can cause problems on health?
A. Hot and wet weather.
B. A strong wind.
C. Warm weather.
D. Low air pressure.
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( ) 2. A report shows that people may have more intelligence when
comes.
A. rain
B. a strong wind
C. very hot weather
D. low air pressure
( ) 3. According to the writer, fat people may feel bad in
weather.
A. cold
B. cool
C. warm
D. hot
( ) 4. The writer wants to tell us that
.
A. hot and cold weather influences all people in the same way
B. weather influences people's behaviour
C. IQ changes when weather changes
D. people feel good on low-pressure days
( ) 5. Which is the best title of this passage?
A. Hot Weather Causes Health Problems
B. Different Weather Makes People Feel Bad
C. Weather Influences Feelings
D. Weather Influences Health, Intelligence and Feelings
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模块3
Part Three
Test Focus
方框选词
考情概览
考查能力
考查在具体语境中灵活运用词汇知识和语法知识的能力
选材特点
1. 以句子为载体；
2. 以篇章为载体
设空特点
1. 不涉及词形变化；
2. 涉及词形变化
题型点拨
做题思路
1. 看语境顺词义
2. 看位置明______
3. 看词性及语法知识定词形
考点总结
名词
单复数：century → ______; method → methods
动词
时态、语态、非谓语
win → ______; invent → invented; produce → producing
形/ 副
比较级、最高级
healthy → healthier → ______; funny → funnier → funniest
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考点总结
代词
人称、物主、反身代词相互转换
they → their → theirs → themselves
词性转换
beauty → beautiful; real → really；power → ______;
pleasure → ______
Exercise
Complete the passage using the given words. Change forms if necessary.
bad
British
consider
fun
hope
pleasure
power
they
total
understand
we
win
Is it true that we British people have a different sense of humor from people in other
countries? Let's have a look at what we laugh at in 1 .
To us British people, 2 and important people often cause laughter. It's not
just politicians (政客) who make us laugh, but anyone whose job is to tell other people
what to do and who takes 3 too seriously.
We laugh at the power, but also, pitifully, at anyone who is treated 4 . We
know they cannot win, but if they do win sometimes, it's even 5 . Our clowns (小
丑) are often silly people doing silly things, while in America, they are often clever people
doing clever things — and 6 at last.
The fact that we laugh when other people might feel 7 is one of the
strangest things to learn about British humor. We do have a strong sense of irony (反
讽). After some terrible experiences, we might say, "Not very 8 ." And we might
say in the middle of a typhoon, "It's a bit windy today." Or "There is a tiny problem," when
something has gone 9 wrong. We don't like to express strong feelings, but just
"keep calm and carry on".
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Another thing that can make it difficult 10 British humor is that we don't
always laugh or even smile when we say something funny. We often keep a straight face
or use an unsmiling expression when we're making a joke.
Do you think the British sense of humor is special?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
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模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Complete the sentences using the given words. Change forms if
necessary. (10' X 5 = 50')
advertise
catch up with
keep up with
worry about
cheer up
1. He stopped and let her
him.
2.
the news is very important in such a fast-paced society.
3. We put a(n)
in the local paper to promote his products.
4.
! Better times may be just ahead.
5. I have nothing to
. Everything is going on as planned.
II. Reading (10' X 5 = 50')
Hope Matters
Reyes Guana, 42, grew up in a poor Mexican family. He has seven brothers and
sisters. His parents always had two jobs to make ends meet.
As a boy, Guana had a good relationship with the school cleaner. He called her "Nike"
because she wore Nike shoes. The boy liked how Nike made everything clean. He told
her he wanted to be a cleaner, too. "Well, it's good if you want to be a cleaner," Nike told
little Guana. "But make sure you go to college."
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Guana also looked up to the principal (校长) of his school. The school leader told
the boy that his job was to help students and teachers. "Wow, when I grow up, I want to
do what you're doing," Guana told him. "Well, if you stick to your dream, you will," the
principal replied.
And Guana really got there. But it was quite a long journey for him. Twenty-three
years ago, he followed in Nike's footsteps and was cleaning schools. He worked at three
schools to pay for his college education. He held that job for four years and then worked
his way up to being a school safety monitor. After that, he worked as a teacher for a few
years.
Now, as a principal, Guana never forgets where he came from. He helps students
from poor families and shows respect (尊重) for every school staff member. He always
invites everyone to school parties, including those who clean the floors and those who
drive the school buses.
( ) 1. Guana hoped to be a cleaner because he
.
A. was good at cleaning
B. admired the cleaner "Nike" a lot
C. needed to support his poor family
D. had to pay for his college education
( ) 2. Guana became a school safety monitor
.
A. when he was nineteen
B. after he worked as a teacher
C. as soon as he got enough money
D. before he was named principal
( ) 3. The underlined phrase got there is closest in meaning to
.
A. went back to "Nike"
B. entered a college
C. realized one's dream
D. became well-known
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( ) 4. According to the writer,
.
A. Guana should have been named principal earlier
B. a boy from a poor family can have a bright future
C. a cleaner is more important than a college student
D. the cleaners and the drivers should get more respect
( ) 5. What would be another title for this passage?
A. From Cleaner to Leader
B. Different Jobs
C. From Failure to Success
D. Relationship Works
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LECTURE 3
Lecture3
Part One
地道阅读
学习“社会类”阅读文章：
The Perfect Working Hours
学习阅读技能：Identifying a
Writer's Point of View
学习认知词汇4 个，学习核心词
汇6 个，学习拓展词汇10+
Part Two
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
地道阅读
Part One
BEFORE YOU READ
DISCUSSION In your opinion, how long should people work each day? Should we
lengthen or shorten our working hours?
READING
READING
The making of the 40-hour working week started in
the 19th century. Up to now, the 40-hour working week
has been considered the standard amount of time that
employers require their employees to work.
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A In 2016, Agent, a British company,
tested five-hour working days for a
month. The hope was that the staff
would feel happier with reduced
working hours. However, the results of
the month-long trial were mixed.
B "Lots of good things happened," says
Agent CEO Paul Corcoran. "We looked
at tasks in terms of time: Do this in 15
minutes and that in half an hour. We
wasted no time. People were missing
the worst of the traffic because they
were coming in at 10 a.m. instead of
8:30 a.m."
C The downside, however, quickly became
evident when staff started focusing too
much on how they could finish their
work within five hours. "The idea was to
give people more freedom," Corcoran
says, "but the staff ended up feeling
more stressed."
D In most companies around the world,
employees work for eight hours every
workday. But many researchers have
looked at the links between working
hours and productivity. They found that
most people could only be productive
for five hours each day.
E S o m e c o m p a n i e s h a v e b e e n
experimenting with shorter working
days. In these companies, people work
from 8 a.m. to 1 p.m. with no breaks.
In order to have the afternoons to
themselves, they become much more
focused than before. Their productivity
increases by 50 percent.
F But just like Corcoran, many managers
have seen problems with reduced
working hours. In addition to the added
pressure to complete tasks on time,
people are losing something on the
relationship level. Since they no longer
have time for small talk, team culture
has been affected.
G It's hard to say how long the perfect
working day should be. Reduced
working hours sound great, but having
to do more work in less time is tiring.
Which would you prefer, five-hour
working days or traditional eight-hour
ones?
The Perfect
Working Hours
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READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
( ) 1. According to the article, when Agent decided to test five-hour
working days, it expected _____ results.
A. encouraging
B. indirect
C. lasting
D. mixed
( ) 2. According to the article, what problem did Agent's employees
run into as the company tested five-hour working days?
A. They had much more work to do.
B. They suffered from the worst of the traffic.
C. They found it hard to complete their jobs on time.
D. They had to spend more time communicating with each other.
( ) 3. According to researchers, how long can most people work
productively each day?
A. For four hours.
B. For five hours.
C. For eight hours.
D. For ten hours.
( ) 4. What does the underlined part "small talk" mean in Chinese?
A. 辩论
B. 会谈
C. 商谈
D. 聊天
DETAIL
DETAIL
DETAIL
VOCABULARY
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READING SKILL
Identifying a Writer's Point of View
An author's point of view refers to his or her beliefs, opinions, and personal
judgments toward a certain subject. In other words, it's how the author feels about
what he or she is writing about. An author may have one strong and clear position,
or may have conflicting views on the same issue. An author may clearly state how he
or she feels, or leave it open to the reader's interpretation. Look for how the author
supports his or her point of view — with examples, explanations, and reasons.
IDENTIFYING Look back at the article. What's the author's point of view towards five-
hour working days? What are the supporting details?
point of view： □ positive □ negative □ neutral □ uninterested
supporting details:
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Read the text below. What's the author's point of view towards coal use?
What are the supporting details?
Coal is an important energy source worldwide. There is a great deal of coal
underground, and it is not very expensive to get. But coal is dirty and dangerous.
Coal puts human health at risk. It has been linked to deadly diseases such as
cancer and heart disease. Coal-burning power stations are recklessly polluting our
drinking water. To continue to depend so much on coal for our energy is harmful and
irresponsible.
point of view： □ positive □ negative □ neutral □ uninterested
supporting details:
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VOCABULARY
WORDS FOR READING
Word
Pronunciation
Definition
staff
/stɑ:f/
n. 全体职工（或雇员）
productivity
/ˌprɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/
n. 生产率；生产效率
productive
/prəˈdʌktɪv/
adj. 多产的；富有成效的
evident
/ˈevɪdənt/
adj. 清楚的；显而易见的
WORDS IN USE
1. reduce
/rɪˈdju:s/
v. 减少；减小；减轻
(v.) to make sth. less or smaller in size, quantity, price, etc.
常见搭配
reduce (from...) to / by...
（从……）减少到 / 了……
用法拓展
reduce... to...
使陷入/沦落至……境地（常用被动）
The number of employees was reduced from 40 to 25.
She was reduced to tears by their criticisms.
They were reduced to begging in the streets.
2. mixed
/mɪkst/
adj. 混合的；混杂的
(adj.) having both good and bad qualities or feelings
词性转换
mix
v. 混合；混杂；结合
常见搭配
mix A with / and B
把A 与B 融合、混合
mix sb. / sth. up (with...)
误以为…是；弄错；搞错
I still have mixed feelings about going to Brazil.
Oil and water do not mix. (=Oil does not mix with water.)
I think you must be mixing me up with someone else.
3. in terms of
谈及；就……而言；在……方面
used to show what aspect of a subject you are talking about or how you are thinking about it
常见搭配
in the long / short term
从长远/ 短期来看
on good / friendly / bad..., etc.
terms (with sb.)
（与某人）关系……
The job is great in terms of salary, but it has its disadvantages.
The agreement should have very positive results in the long term.
Linda is on good terms with Sarah.
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4. increase
/ɪnˈkri:s/
v. （使）增长，增多；增加
(v.) to become or to make sth. greater in amount, number, value, etc.
一词多性
increase
n. 增长；增多；增加
常见搭配
increase (from...) to / by...
( 从……）增加到 / 了……
The population has increased from 1.2 million to 1.8 million.
The rate of inflation increased by 2%.
5. in addition to
除……以外（还）
used when you want to mention another person or thing after sth. else
近义词
besides
除…之外（还）
词性转换
add
v. 增加；添加
常见搭配
add up
把……加起来；积少成多；有道理
In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips.
When you're feeding a family of six, the bills soon add up.
His story just doesn't add up.
6. affect
/əˈfekt/
v. 影响
(v.) to produce a change in sb. / sth.
一词多义
affect
v. 使感染；侵袭
词性转换
effect
n. 影响；效果
affection
n. 喜欢；喜爱
常见搭配
take effect
开始起作用；开始生效
The condition affects one in five women.
The aspirins soon take effect.
The new law takes effect from tomorrow.
[ ]
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VOCABULARY PRACTICE
I. Complete each sentence with correct answer.
1. If you _______ something, you make it smaller in size or amount, or less in degree.
A. reduce
B. increase
2. If you _______ two things or people, you confuse them, so that you think that one of
them is the other one.
A. mix
B. mix up
3. If two people are on good / friendly ________, they are friendly with each other.
A. terms
B. conditions
4. If something _______, it becomes greater in number, level, or amount.
A. reduces
B. increases
5. If a disease _______ someone, it causes them to become ill.
A. affects
B. adds
II. Complete the sentences with the words given in the box.
1. In __________ to these arrangements, extra ambulances will be on duty until
midnight.
2. Such a development seems unlikely, at least in the short _________.
3. The new regulations will take _________ next year.
4. They were _________ to begging for a living.
A. effect B. term C. addition D. reduced
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模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. (8' X 5 = 40')
( ) 1. I hope that our government will pass a law to
food waste.
A. reduce
B. intend
C. succeed
D. fetch
( ) 2. I always
him
with his brother. They look so much alike (相似的).
A. mix... to
B. mix... up
C. mix... down
( ) 3. Life is not easy nowadays, when young people have tremendous pressure
schooling and employment.
A. on behalf of
B. in terms of
C. in honor of
D. in defence of
( ) 4. You can
your reading speed by doing more reading.
A. increase
B. memorize
C. repeat
D. discover
( ) 5. Your opinion will
my decision. That means your opinion will have a
great
on my decision.
A. affect; effects
B. effect; affect
C. effect; affects
D. affect; effect
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II. Reading. (20' X 3 = 60')
Imagine if your journey to work was from your bedroom to your living room. More
and more people in the UK are doing their jobs at home.
Baz works as an engineer in a West London factory. He's been an engineer since he
left school, but he's not very optimistic about his future. Heavy industry (工业) in the UK
has almost disappeared. More people work in Indian restaurants than in steel, coal and
shipbuilding put together! Baz also often gets tired of his long journey to work. Whether
he travels by car or by public transport, it can take up to two hours a day.
His sister, Liz, lives in the north of England. She's an Information Technology (IT)
trainer at a college. Once every four weeks, she meets her trainees in person, but most
of her training is done through IT.
Baz's wife, Helen, seldom travels to work at all. She's a graphic (图表，图画) designer
for a London advertising company. Once she's got the children off to school, she starts
work in front of her computer screen. She's now designing publicity material for a major
London festival. When she's finished her designs, she sends them to her director on the
Internet. He works from home too, sometimes they meet up for a coffee.
Most people in the UK, like Baz, spend hours travelling to work, and complain about
it, too. But the number of people working as telecommuters (远程工作者) is getting larger
and larger, like Helen or Liz. Almost all of their work is done online or by phone. There
are a million telecommuters in the UK, about 10 percent of the workforce.
( ) 1. What does the underlined word "optimistic" in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?
A. 相反的
B. 可选择的
C. 乐观的
D. 悲观的
( ) 2. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. A new way of working.
B. Heavy industry in the UK.
C. The development of public transport.
D. New jobs in the future.
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( ) 3. Which of the following will most probably be discussed in the next paragraph?
A. What are people busy doing?
B. How do people travel to work?
C. Why do people work at home?
D. Where do people work?
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LECTURE 4
Lecture4
Part One
Grammar
学习现在完成时中瞬间动词和
延续性动词的用法区别
学习have been to、have
gone to、have been in 的
用法区别
Part Two
Cloze
学习通过上下文逻辑推理的方
法解题
Part Three
Test Focus
学习“适当形式填空”的解题方法
Part Four
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
Grammar
现在完成时（二）
I. 瞬间动词vs. 延续性动词
现在完成时与一段时间连用，需要用延续性动词
常见瞬间动词与延续性动词的转换：
瞬间动词
延续性动词
瞬间动词
延续性动词
buy
have
borrow
keep
move to
____________
join
____________
wake up / get up
____________
fall asleep / go to bed
____________
begin / start
be on
be over
open
be open
close
be closed
arrive / reach
____________
leave
____________
go out
be out
come back
be back
get married
____________
die
____________
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Exercise I
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. — Jim, turn down the music. Our baby is sleeping.
— Don't worry. He
for half an hour.
A. woke up
B. has woken up
C. was awake
D. has been awake
( ) 2. The astronaut is so tired that he
for eleven hours.
A. has been asleep
B. has fallen asleep
C. has gone to bed
D. has gone to sleep
( ) 3. — Sorry, I forgot to return the novel. I
it for two weeks.
— It doesn't matter. You can renew it.
A. kept
B. borrowed
C. have kept
D. have borrowed
( ) 4. The film
for 5 minutes, and we miss the beginning unluckily.
A. is on
B. has been on
C. begins
D. has begun
( ) 5. Mr. Smith
this house in 2015. He
it for six years.
A. bought; has had
B. bought; had
C. has bought; had
D. has bought; has had
( ) 6. My uncle
from his hometown for ten years.
A. has left
B. is away
C. left
D. has been away
Exercise II
Complete the sentences according to the clues in brackets.
1. They began to fight half an hour ago and they are still fighting now. (同义句转换)
They
for half an hour.
2. Daniel left Nanjing nearly ten years ago. (同义句转换)
Daniel
Nanjing for nearly ten years.
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II. have been to & have gone to & have been in
搭配
用法
例句
have been to
去过(_______)
I have been to Beijing twice.
have gone to
去了(_______)
Tom can't join us now because he has gone
to Beijing.
have been in
待在
I have been in Beijing for 3 years.
Exercise III
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. No one
Mars yet, because Mars is very far away.
A. has gone to
B. has been to
C. arrived in
D. went to
( ) 2. — Where is your father?
— He
Australia and he
Sydney for two weeks.
A. has been to; has been in
B. has gone to; has been in
C. has been in; has been to
D. has gone to; has been to
( ) 3. — My aunt
Singapore to spend her holiday.
— It's a beautiful country. I
there twice.
A. has gone to; have gone
B. has been to; have been
C. has gone to; have been to
D. has gone to; have been
( ) 4. The restaurant in Deji Plaza
for two months, but I
there so far.
A. has opened; haven't gone
B. has been open; haven't been
C. has been opened; haven't been
D. has been open; haven't been to
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( ) 5. — Have you ever
the Great Wall?
— Yes, I
there last year.
A. gone to; have gone
B. gone to; went
C. been to; went
D. been to; have gone
( ) 6. — Mike, where is your father?
— He
to New York on business. He
the airport at five in the morning.
A. has gone; has left for
B. has been; has left for
C. has gone; left for
D. has been; left for
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模块2
Part Two
Cloze
逻辑推理法
“逻辑推理法”指的是通过分析句子与句子之间的逻辑关系，推断出正确选项的方法。
类别：
1. 挖空处需填逻辑词，要求根据句际间的逻辑关系，选出正确的逻辑词：
Example:
I stood up and looked outside. It was foggy, and I don't usually think foggy weather is fine.
That day, , I tried to enjoy the scene.
A. though
B. so
C. however
2. 句中已有逻辑词作为提示，而在其他地方设空，要求选择正确答案，以符合句子所表达的逻
辑关系：
Example：
Many people think of sharks as dangerous monsters. But human beings pose a far greater
danger to these creatures than they do to us. Although shark attacks do occur, they are quite
on the other hand. According to one research, humans kill 100 million sharks every
year. This number is a warning that many kinds of sharks may die out.
A. rare
B. strange
C. natural
D. general
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常见逻辑关系
因果
because (of); thus; therefore; due to; since; for; as; so; as a result...
并列
and; or; both...and...; either...or...; neither... nor...; as well as...
转折
but; however; yet; while...
让步
although; though; despite; in spite of...
解释
for example; such as; like; in other words; namely; that is to say; in fact...
顺序
递进
also; not only... but (also)...; besides...
条件
If; unless; in case; so (as) long as...
目的
so that; in order that; so as to; in order to...
Exercise
Nowadays, many people drive their cars to work. There are a lot of cars in the street
and the 1 is very busy. So sometimes it is not 2 for people to get
to work on time. When you are going to be late, you only dream of taking a plane there.
Can 3 dream come true?
Yes! You can take a plane in months!
Four engineers in Germany are 4 in making planes. They are making a
new plane — Lilium jet. It doesn't look like a plane 5 an egg. Many people think
it looks funny and interesting.
The great "egg" can take two people to the sky and
6 three hundred kilometers in one hour. That's really great.
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Some people call Lilium jet "a flying car". Why? Firstly, it's not difficult for people to
learn to drive it. People can drive it just like driving a car. But it can go 7 and
further than a car. Secondly, Lilium jet is not very big, only a quarter of a plane. So it
doesn't need a(n) 8 . Only a small place is OK. It can stop anywhere. In the
future, the "flying car" will come into people's life and 9 our ways of trip.
Lilium jet will come on the market soon. 10 you want to make your trip
easy and funny, why not buy one? I'm sure you will have a good time on it.
( ) 1. A. traffic
B. sky
C. train
D. bus
( ) 2. A. interesting
B. fun
C. difficult
D. easy
( ) 3. A. his
B. her
C. our
D. your
( ) 4. A. bored
B. interested
C. disappointed
D. relaxed
( ) 5. A. but
B. and
C. so
D. or
( ) 6. A. walk
B. swim
C. fly
D. ride
( ) 7. A. slower
B. faster
C. earlier
D. quieter
( ) 8. A. house
B. place
C. airport
D. room
( ) 9. A. give
B. find
C. lose
D. change
( ) 10. A. Unless
B. If
C. Whether
D. Because
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模块3
Part Three
Test Focus
适当形式填空
题型点拨
解题思路
①判词性 ②知词义 ③定词形
变化类型
变词性
通过加词缀实现动名形副之间的转化
e.g. act (v.) → _______ (adj.) → actively (adv.) → activity (n.)
变词义
通过加否定词缀变反义词
e.g. usual (adj. 通常的) → _______ (adj. 非同寻常的)
变语法
名词 → 复数/ 所有格
动词 → 时态/ 语态/ 非谓语
形副词 → 比较级/ 最高级
代词 → 人称/ 物主/ 反身
数词 → 基数/ 序数/ 次数
易错点拨
注意复合变化
e.g. We put a lot of _______ on the Christmas tree. (decorate)
[ 动变名+ 单变复]
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Exercise
用所给词的适当形式填空。
I. 基础题目
1. I left my dictionary at home. Luckily Wendy lent
to me. (she)
2. George made the first movie in his
. And it was a big hit. (sixty)
3. Sue said drawing gave her a sense of
and independence. (free)
4. Charles is a
leader. Everyone would like to follow him. (power)
5. As a director, he
pushes the actors in the direction he wants them to go.
(gentle)
6. It was really hard for Frank and Emma to believe the
of their son. (die)
7. The girl was
because she told a lie to the manager about her work experience.
(honest)
8. Michael can show you how to
the 3D printer. He is good at it. (operation)
II. 进阶题目
1. Because of his
, they fail the competition at last. (care)
2.
(conduct) collect money from passengers.
3. What will happen in ten
time? (year)
4. A car knocked him down and then
in the darkness. (appear)
5. Junk food is
. We'd better not eat it. (health)
6. The 44-year-old policeman
the thieves from stealing and died. (prevention)
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模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Complete the sentences according to the clues. (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. — Where is your uncle? I haven't seen him for a long time.
— Oh, he
Sydney.
A. went to
B. has been to
C. has gone to
D. goes to
( ) 2. — Your new bike is so nice! When did you buy it?
— In July. I
it for two weeks.
A. had
B. have had
C. have bought
D. bought
( ) 3. Nobody except Tom and Millie
that park before. Only they can be our
guides.
A. have been to
B. has been to
C. has gone to
D. have gone to
( ) 4. Look at these stamps. I
them for five years.
A. kept
B. have kept
C. have bought
D. bought
( ) 5. —
did your uncle leave for the capital of Denmark?
— Let me see. He
for nearly 20 months.
A. When; has left
B. When; has been away
C. How long; has left
D. How long; has been away
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II. Cloze (5' X 10 = 50')
It was always thought that Treasure Island was the product (产物) of Robert Louis
Stevenson's imagination. 1 , a recent research has found the true story of this
exciting work.
Stevenson, a Scotsman, had lived 2 for many years. In 1881, he returned
to Scotland for a holiday. With him were his American wife Fanny and his son Lloyd.
Each morning, Stevenson would take them out for a long walk over the hills. They
had been enjoying this for several days before the weather suddenly took a turn for the
3 . Kept indoors for the heavy rain, Lloyd felt bored. To keep the boy happy,
Robert asked the boy to do some 4 .
One morning, the boy came to Robert with a beautiful map of an island. Robert
5 that the boy had drawn a large cross in the middle of the 6 . "What's
that?" he asked. "That's the buried (埋葬的) treasure," said the boy. Robert suddenly
saw something of an adventure (冒险) story in the boy's picture. 7 the rain was
pouring, Robert sat down by the fire to write a story. He would make the 8 a
twelve-year-old boy, just like Lloyd. But who would be the pirate (海盗) ?
Robert had a good friend named Henley, who walked around with the help of a
wooden leg. Robert had always wanted to 9 such a man in a story. So Long
John Silver, the pirate with a wooden leg, was born.
10 a rainy September in Scotland, a friend with a wooden leg and the
imagination of a twelve-year-old boy, we have one of the greatest adventure stories in
the English language.
( ) 1. A. However
B. Certainly
C. Also
( ) 2. A. alone
B. abroad
C. away
( ) 3. A. better
B. worse
C. nicer
( ) 4. A. drawing
B. reading
C. shopping
( ) 5. A. heard
B. noticed
C. knew
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( ) 6. A. sea
B. house
C. island
( ) 7. A. While
B. Although
C. Since
( ) 8. A. writer
B. actress
C. hero
( ) 9. A. understand
B. describe
C. train
( ) 10. A. Thanks to
B. According to
C. As for
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LECTURE 5
Lecture5
Part One
地道文章
学习“环境保护”阅读文章：
Japan 's Wastewater
Dumping Decision
学习阅读技能：
Using a T-chart
学习认知词汇4 个，学习核心词
汇6 个，学习拓展词汇10+
Part Two
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
地道文章
Part One
BEFORE YOU READ
READING
READING
The use of nuclear energy produces some waste. There are three types of
radioactive nuclear waste: low-, intermediate-, and high-level. 90% of total volume
is only lightly-contaminated, such as tools and work clothing. However, high-level
waste – mostly used nuclear – accounts for just 3% of the total volume of waste, but
contains 95% of the total radioactivity.
DEFINITION Read the paragraph about nuclear waste. Match each word with its definition.
1. ________: (be) made dirty or harmful by adding a substance that is
dangerous or carries disease
2. ________: a physical phenomenon
3. ________: to supply or make up a specified amount or proportion
Total Volume of Nuclear Waste
3% High-level Waste
Spent fuel containing 95% of radioactivity in the nuclear waste
7% Intermediate-level Waste
Used Filters, steel components from within the reactor and some effluents from
reprocessing containing 4% of radioactivity in the nuclear waste
90% Low-level Waste
Lightly-contaminated items like tools and work clothing containing only 1% of
radioactivity in the nuclear waste.
3%
High-level Waste
Spent fuel containg 95% of radioactivity in the nuclear waste
7%
Intermediate-level Waste
Used filters, steel components from within the reactor
and some effluents from reprocessing containing 4% of
radioactivity in the nuclear waste
90%
Low-level Waste
Lightly-contaminated items tools and work clothing
containing only 1% of radioactivity in the nuclear waste
Total Volume of
Nuclear Waste
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Japan's Wastewater
Dumping Decision
A Japan recently made a final decision
to dump over 1 million tons of nuclear
wastewater into the sea. This is a
shameful decision.
B The wastewater resulted from the 2011
nuclear accident in the Fukushima （福
岛县）nuclear plant. The wastewater
was mainly caused by cooling the
nuclear reactor core in the accident.
Right now, about 1.25 million tons of
wastewater is stored in tanks, enough
to fill 500 Olympic-sized swimming
pools.
C Many people are worried and angry
about the decision, as the wastewater
has radioactive contaminants．
Radiation can make people feel sick.
High levels of radiation can result in
cancer and even death. The major
contaminant remaining is tritium, which
is difficult to separate from water. As
a close neighboring country, China
expressed serious concerns and strong
dissatisfaction.
D If Japan dumps the wastewater into the
sea, radioactive materials will spread
to most of the Pacific Ocean within
57 days, and reach all of the world's
oceans in ten years.
E In fact, dumping the wastewater into the
sea is not the only way for Japan to deal
with the problem. It's possible to use
more tanks to store the wastewater on
land or underground. The radioactive
elements will gradually lose their
radioactivity ( 放射性）over time. For
example, it will take close to 60 years for
the tritium to lose most of its radioactivity.
F However, the Japanese government
thinks the cost is too high to do this.
Japan said that over 1,000 tanks are
running out of space and will be filled
up by 2022, so the wastewater has to
be dealt with.
[ ]
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READING COMPREHENSION
Choose the best answer for each question.
( ) 1. What do we know about the wastewater according to Paragraph
B and C?
A. The wastewater was caused by a nuclear accident in Russia.
B. The wastewater was used to fill swimming pools.
C. The wastewater may make people feel sick.
D. The wastewater was safe because harmful contaminants can be
removed from water.
( ) 2. What does the underlined word "concern" mean in Paragraph C?
A. excitement
B. disappointment
C. worry
D. pleasure
( ) 3. What can we infer from the passage?
A. Japan has no choice but to dump the wastewater into the sea.
B. The government of Japan made the decision to dump wastewater
mainly because of economic consideration.
C. The wastewater can never be safe due to the radioactive
elements.
D. The wastewater had been stored in tanks before they were put
into the sea.
( ) 4. Which of the following may be another suitable title for the
passage?
A. A major threat to the world B. China's concerns
C. Japan's options D. A shameful decision
DETAIL
MAIN IDEA
INFERENCE
VOCABULARY
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READING SKILL
Summarizing: Using a T-chart
Instead of using a concept map to summarize the main ideas and supporting
details from a text, you may choose to summarize information in a T-chart. A T-chart
is especially useful when two things are discussed or compared, when a passage
discusses the pros (advantages) and cons (disadvantages) of something, or when a
passage provides the reasons for and against an argument.
COMPLETION Complete the chart below with words or numbers from the passage.
Japan's wastewater dumping decision
Purpose: To deal with the wastewater in a proper way.
For
Against
The Japanese government thinks it will
relieve 1. _________ pressure.
Over 1,000 tanks are 2. _______ out of
space.
It's a 3._______ decision.
The wastewater can make people sick or
4. _______.
Other countries, like China, expressed
their 5. ________ and dissatisfaction.
Radioactive materials will 6. _______ to
most of the ocean soon, and 7. _______
all of the world's oceans in ten years.
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VOCABULARY
WORDS FOR READING
Word
Pronunciation
Definition
radioactive
/ˌreɪdiəʊˈæktɪv/
adj. 放射性的；有辐射的
radiation
/ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/
n. 辐射；放射线
contaminant
/kənˈtæmɪnənt/
n. 致污物; 污染物
element
/ˈelɪmənt/
n. 要素；元素
WORDS IN USE
1. shameful
adj. 羞愧的
(adj.) that should make you feel ashamed
词性转化
shame
n. 羞耻；羞愧
v. 使羞愧
ashamed
adj. 惭愧的；羞愧的
It was shameful the way she was treated.
It's a shame that she wasn't here to see it.
She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.
2. result
/rɪˈzʌlt/
v. （因……）发生
(v.) to happen because of sth. else that happened first
常考搭配
result (from sth.)
因……发生
result in
导致；造成
一词多义
result
n. 后果；结果（直接）
常考搭配
as a result
因此
as a result of…
作为……的结果
Many hair problems result from what you eat.
The cyclone has resulted in many thousands of deaths.
He made one big mistake, and, as a result, lost his job.
She injured as a result of the accident.
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3. separate
/ˈseprət/
v. 分离；（使）分开
(v.) to divide into different parts or groups; to divide things into different parts or groups
用法
separate sth. from/and sth.
使……分开，分离
近义词
part
v. （使）分开，分手（紧密相连的
人或物分开）
一词多性
separate
adj. 单独的；独立的
It is impossible to separate belief from emotion.
The school is in two separate buildings.
4. dissatisfaction
/ˌdɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/
n. 不悦；不满意
(n.) a feeling that you are not pleased and satisfied
用法
dissatisfaction with/at
对……不满
反义词
satisfaction
n. 满足；满意
词性转化
satisfactory
adj. 令人满意的
Many people expressed their dissatisfaction with the plan.
I never got a satisfactory answer.
5. spread
/spred/
v. 扩散；蔓延
(v.) gradually reaches or affects a larger area or more people
一词多义
spread
v. 展开；张开；传播
n. 传播；散布
She spread the map out on the floor.
6. fill
/fɪl/
v. 填满；充满
(v.) to make sth. full of sth.; to become full of sth.
用法
fill in
填满；消磨（时间）
fill up (with sth.)
充满；（使）填满
…-filled (fun-filled)
充满……的（充满快乐的）
The hole has been filled in.
They tried to fill up the tank with oil.
[ ]
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码
听
音
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58
VOCABULARY PRACTICE
I. Complete each sentence with correct answer.
( ) 1. If you describe a person's action or attitude as shameful, you think that person
ought to be ________.
A. ashamed
B. proud
( ) 2. If two people separated, they probably live ________.
A. together
B. apart
( ) 3. If a person expresses his dissatisfaction, he may be _______ the service he
received.
A. disappointed at
B. pleased with
( ) 4. If we see a pool filled with water, the pool is possibly _______.
A. full
B. empty
II. Complete the sentences with the given words or phrases from the box.
1. We _________ our lives with meaningless tasks.
2. The work he did is _______ but not outstanding.
3. He's been __________ from his wife for a year.
4. She felt that her failure would bring _______ on her family.
A. separated
B. shame C. fill up D. satisfactory
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模块2
Part Two
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
I. Choose the best answer. (10' X 5 = 50')
( ) 1. Fire
quickly because of the strong wind.
A. broke
B. spread
C. escaped
D. controlled
( ) 2. He was late
the heavy snow.
A. as a result
B. as a result of
C. result from
D. result in
( ) 3. — Do you get any money from the volunteer work?
— No, but I get a strong feeling of
.
A. letter
B. fairness
C. satisfaction
D. trip
( ) 4. His daughter looked such a mess that he was
her.
A. ashamed to
B. shame of
C. ashamed of
D. ashamed for
( ) 5. Don't
the blender
too much yogurt.
A. fill; with
B. fill; of
C. full; with
D. full; of
II. Reading. (10' X 5 = 50')
Every day, the world uses about a thousand million tons of water. Water is a human
right and everyone should have their share. Yet more than 700 million people around the
world have trouble getting clean, safe water.
Treating (处理) wastewater is a good way to provide fresh water for us. And it also
helps the environment by keeping waste out of rivers and oceans. 80% of wastewater
around the world is not treated at all, and it is running into oceans. But now we have got
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the technology to treat and reuse the wastewater.
While 75% of our planet is covered with water, only about 2% is fresh water —that
comes from rivers, lakes, ice and snow. The rest, 98% of the water, is in seas and oceans.
It is too salty to drink.
Then desalination businesses come in. More than 19,000 factories have been built
around the world, mostly in coastal (海岸的) countries. They process (加工) more than 92
million tons of salty water every day. But the technology they use requires a lot of energy.
Scientists are working to create a less costly technology. They want to produce 20 times
more clean water and make sure everyone has enough. But for now, the world still faces
each day with not having enough water for everyone.
( ) 1. How many tons of water does the world use every day?
A. Over 700 million.
B. About 1,000 million.
C. Only 10 million.
D. Under 92 million.
( ) 2. How does treating wastewater help the environment?
A. By letting waste run into oceans and rivers.
B. By putting waste into lakes.
C. By stopping waste running into rivers and oceans.
D. By sending waste to coastal countries.
( ) 3. What does the underlined word "desalination" in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. 远洋运输
B. 潮汐发电
C. 海水淡化
D. 食盐销售
( ) 4. At present, the technology to process water
.
A. causes pollution
B. saves much water
C. wastes much money
D. needs much energy
( ) 5. What can we infer (推断) from the passage?
A. Thanks to the technology, people have enough clean water now.
B. 75% of our planet is covered with water, and most is fresh water.
C. Though we have tried many ways, water problem is still serious.
D. Desalination companies can treat much wastewater every day.
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LECTURE 6
Lecture6
Part One
Grammar
学习there be 句型7 大特殊
句式及其应用
Part Two
Writing
学习志愿类话题写作
积累13 组高能词句
Part Three
Listening and
Speaking
演练听后转述题型，夯实解题方法
Part Four
随堂练习
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模块1
Part One
Grammar
There be 句型
知识点
考点
考频星级
难度系数(1-5)
校内进度
there be
句型
there be 句型的主谓一致
☆☆☆☆
3
八年级
there be 句型的时态
☆☆☆☆
3
there be 句型的特殊句式
☆☆☆☆
4
There be 句型7 大特殊句式
结构
用法
示例
There be + n. +
doing sth.
名词和doing sth. 是
_______ 关系
There are three kids playing on the
playground.
There be + n. +
to be done
名词和to be done / to
do 是_______ 关系
There are decisions to be made.
There be + n. +
(for sb.) + to do
There is tons of work for us
.
There is __________
___________
“做某事无意义”
There is no point in taking
unnecessary tasks.
There is no _______
that ...
“……是毫无疑问的” There is no doubt that we will succeed
in designing the project.
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There is no ________
that ...
“……是没有依据的” There is really no obvious evidence
that Justin was taken by aliens.
There is a / no
_________________
that ...
“……是有/ 没有
可能的”
Is there a chance that Delia could
arrive this afternoon?
Exercise I
Choose the best answer.
( ) 1. At present, there are thousands of people
around the clock to fight
against the flood.
A. are working
B. worked
C. working
D. to work
( ) 2. — I didn't pass the math exam again.
— There is no
in worrying about things you can't change (改变). Just
try harder next time!
A. time
B. reason
C. point
D. wonder
( ) 3.
is no doubt
the Great Wall is one of the wonders of the world.
A. There; that
B. It; that
C. There; whether
D. It; whether
( ) 4.
hobbies have a great influence on people's life and society.
A. There is no doubt that
B. It is no doubt
C. That is no doubt
D. This is no doubt
( ) 5.
evidence that language-acquiring ability must be stimulated.
A. It being
B. It is
C. There is
D. There being
Exercise II
Fill in the blanks.
1. There is a great deal of evidence
(indicate) that music activities engage
different parts of the brain.
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2. There is still a train of goods for the workers
(unload, 卸货).
3.
arguing with him. He won't
change his mind. (做某事没有意义)
4. The doors and windows are well shut so there is no
(可能性) for anyone to
break in.
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模块2
Part Two
Writing
志愿类话题写作
假如你是李华，你将参加学校英语社团举办的“Let's be volunteers at the old people's
home!”选拔活动。请根据以下导图，围绕优秀志愿者的品质和行动，用英语写一篇竞选稿。
注意：
1. 短文必须包括所列.三.个.要.点，可适当增加细节；
2. 词数：80 左右；
3. 短文首句仅供选择使用，不计入总词数。
Dear teachers and fellow students,
I'm Li Hua. I'm glad to be here to run for the volunteer at the old people's home.
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I. 审题
话题
志愿活动
体裁
竞选稿
人称
第一人称
时态
一般现在时，一般将来时
II. 列结构& 要点
段落
要点
Para 1
首段
表明发言目的：
竞选敬老院志愿者
Para 2
主体
突出自己特点，说明胜任理由：
1) 积极开朗
2) 乐于助人
3) 耐心温和
Para 3
尾段
总结，再次重申目的
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III. 组句子
13 大高能词句
段落
高能词汇 / 句式
释义
首段
1. run for sth.
____________________
主体
2. I can guarantee that ...
我能保证……
3. characteristic
____________________
adj. 合格的
5. sociable
____________________
做某事没困难
7. By doing sth., sb. can ... in return.
通过做某事，某人能够……
8. ____________________
成功做成某事
9. meet the needs of sb.
满足某人需求
10. ____________________
最后但同等重要的是
11. treat sb. with care
细心对待某人
12. ____________________
享受某人的陪伴
尾段
13. make an excellent volunteer
成为一名很棒的志愿者
IV. 连句成篇
Dear teachers and fellow students,
I'm Li Hua. I'm glad to be here to run for the volunteer at the old people's home.
I can guarantee that I'll do the work well, because I have the characteristics of a
qualified volunteer. Firstly, I'm very active and sociable. I enjoy spending time with people,
especially the elderly. I'll have no difficulty getting along well with the old. Secondly, I'm
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always ready to help other people. By doing something for others, I can see the value of
myself in return. If I manage to become a volunteer, I will do my best to meet the needs
of the old. For example, I'll help clean up their rooms, and take them for a walk. Last but
not least, I'm a patient person. I'll treat the old with care so that they'll enjoy my company.
I am sure I can make an excellent volunteer in the old people's home. I'll be more
than happy if you can give me the opportunity. Thanks for listening!
V. 核查
1. 要点是否齐全
2. 文章是否连贯：句子衔接恰当、使用连词
3. 语法是否正确：主谓一致、时态语态、固定搭配等
4. 语言是否正确：拼写、大小写、标点
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模块3
Part Three
Listening and
Speaking
听后转述
解题点拨
解题步骤
步骤要点
1. 听前预测
1) 速读转述线索，确定问题关键，预测答案
2. 一听_______
1) 记答案的关键词：动、名、形等
2) 善用简略符号，不纠结拼写和字体
3. 二听_______
1) 记重点修饰成分
2) 记重点句型
4. 听后转述
1) 作答不求快，求清晰、连贯、准确
2) 注意时态、单复数、人称等易错点
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Exercise I
你将听到一段关于Jill 的旅行计划的短文，录音播放两遍。请根据所听到的内容，记录思
维导图提示的信息，在50 秒钟内说一段话介绍Jill 的旅行计划，包含四个要点的内容。
现在，你有15 秒钟的时间阅读思维导图。
下面你有50 秒钟的时间准备。你的介绍可以这样开始：Jill will have a vacation this
summer ...
扫码听音频
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Exercise II
你将听到一段关于新老师和新科目的介绍，录音播放两遍。请根据所听到的内容，记录思
维导图提示的信息，在50 秒钟内说一段话介绍新老师和新科目，包含四个要点的内容。
现在，你有15 秒钟的时间阅读思维导图。
下面你有50 秒钟的时间准备。你的介绍可以这样开始：Amy Smith is ...
扫码听音频
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模块4
Part Four
随堂练习
FULL MARKS：100
TEST RESULT：
Writing (100')
假如你是李华，英国一所学校的足球俱乐部的学生下周将来你们学校访问，学校国际部正
在招募志愿者和他们一起共度周末。请你用英语写一封申请信，在信中说明你申请当志愿者的
原因，以及你打算给英国学生安排哪些活动。
提示词语：
like, be good at, a football match, climb, taste
提示问题：
•Why would you like to be a volunteer?
•What are you going to do with them?
Dear sir or madam,
I'd like to be a volunteer to receive the British students.
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I'm looking forward to your early reply.
Regards
Li Hua
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