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基础讲练 专题三 代词
知识清单·代词专讲
考点 一 人称代词 .人称代词单独使用时ꎬ一般用宾格ꎮ
4
—Jimꎬ can you work this Sunday?
人称代词可以指人和事物 有人称 数和
ꎬ 、 吉姆ꎬ本周日你能上班吗?
格的变化
ꎮ —Why me? Ive been working for two weeks on end.
单数 复数 为什么是我呢? 我已经连续工作两个星期了ꎮ
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
二、人称代词的用法
第一人称 I me we us
1.he 和 she 的特殊用法
第二人称 you you you you
he 可指代雄性动物或庞大而又威猛之物 也
ꎬ
he him 可指性别不明者 she 可指代雌性动物或柔
ꎻ
第三人称 she her they them 弱 优美之物 常用 she/her 指代船舶 汽车
、 ꎮ 、 、
it it 飞机 国家 城市等无生命的东西 以表达对
、 、 ꎬ
一、人称代词的句法功能 其喜爱之情
ꎮ
人称代词不同的格在句中有不同的句法
功能 作主语时用主格 无谓语用宾格 作宾 Every child needs to know that he is loved.
: ( )ꎻ
语时用宾格 作表语时一般用宾格 每个孩子都需要知道自己是有人爱的ꎮ
ꎻ ꎮ
The moon loses her brilliance when the sun
makes his appearance.
He would drown his sorrows in coffee.
他会借咖啡来消愁ꎮ (主格 He 作主语)
太阳出现时ꎬ月亮就失去了光辉ꎮ
If you make a promiseꎬ you should keep it.
Nice car. How much did she cost?
如果你许下一个诺言ꎬ你就应该遵守它ꎮ (动
好车ꎮ 买它花了多少钱?
词后宾格 it 作宾语)
2.人称代词的排序
单数的场合 you he/she I
I dont want to go with them.
1) : + +
我不想跟他们一起走ꎮ (介词后宾格 them 作 Youꎬ he and I are of the same age.
宾语)
你、他和我是同龄人ꎮ
复数的场合 we you they
温馨提示
2) : + +
.在电话中交谈时常用主格形式代替宾格形式ꎮ Weꎬ you and they are all Chinese.
1
—Is that Mr. Li?是李先生吗? 我们、你们和他们都是中国人ꎮ
—Yesꎬ this is he.是的ꎬ我就是ꎮ 男女两性并列的场合 he she
3) : +
.在非正式英语ꎬ尤其是口语中ꎬ人称代词作 be 的表语 He and she dont agree with me.
2
时ꎬ通常用其宾格形式ꎮ
他和她都不同意我的看法ꎮ
专
.在It is/was...that/who...强调句型中ꎬ若被强调部分作
题
3
三
主语ꎬ虽然跟在is/was后ꎬ也用主格形式ꎮ
代
It was I who did it.这件事是我做的ꎮ 词
19
表示承担责任时 把I/me或we/us放在第一位 温馨提示
4) :
I and he are to blame for the accident. “of 名词性物主代词”可用作定语ꎬ常用于“a/an/this/
+
that/these/those/some/any/several/no/each/every/such/
我和他应为这起事故承担责任ꎮ
another 名词 of 名词性物主代词”结构ꎮ
+ + +
考点 二 物主代词 I am an admirer of yours. 我是你的崇拜者ꎮ
This baby of hers is so lovely! 她的这个宝宝很可爱!
物主代词是表示所有关系的代词 是人称
ꎬ
代词的属格形式
ꎮ 考点 三 反身代词
单数 复数
反身代词用于指代主语 使动作的发出者
他/她/
ꎬ
我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的
它们的 把动作在形式上反射到动作的发出者本人 表
ꎬ
形容词性 示 我 们 自己 你 们 自己 他/她/它
my your his her its our your their “ ( ) ”“ ( ) ”“
物主代词
们 自己 用以加强名词或代词的语气 强调
( ) ”ꎬ ꎬ
名词性 亲自 本人
mineyours his hers its ours yours theirs “ ꎬ ”ꎮ
物主代词
第一人称 第二人称 第三人称
一、形容词性物主代词 单数 myself yourself himselfꎬherselfꎬitself
形容词性物主代词置于名词之前 作定 复数 ourselves yourselves themselves
ꎬ
语 其人称 数和性取决于所指代的名词
反身代词与它所指代的名词或代词形成
ꎮ 、 ꎮ
互指关系 在人称 性 数上保持一致 反身代
ꎬ 、 、 ꎮ
In the winter of ꎬ a certain college had 词在句中可作宾语 表语 同位语 一般不能作
1891 、 、 ꎬ
some trouble with its boy students.在 年冬 主语
1891 ꎮ
季ꎬ某所大学的男学生遇到了一些麻烦ꎮ 1.作宾语
This is  ̄year ̄old Musas story about how first The little boy can dress himself now.
18
aid saved his life.这是关于急救如何挽救了 这个小男孩现在能自己穿衣服了ꎮ
18
岁的 Musa 的生命的故事ꎮ 2.作表语
二、名词性物主代词 The poor girl in the picture is myself.
名词性物主代词不能用于名词之前 其形 图片中这个可怜的姑娘就是我ꎮ
ꎬ
式取决于所指代的名词 它相当于 形容词性 3.作同位语
ꎮ “
物主代词 名词 在句中作主语 表语和宾语 Mary herself worked out the problem.
+ ”ꎬ 、 ꎮ
1.作主语 玛丽自己解决了这个问题ꎮ
This is not my dictionary. Mine is lent to You have to ask the headmaster himself about
5 Lucy.这不是我的词典ꎮ 我的借给露西了ꎮ it.关于此事ꎬ你必须问校长本人ꎮ
年
高 2.作表语 温馨提示
考
3 This camera is mine and that is yours. 反身代词作同位语时ꎬ可以放在与之同位的名词或代词
年
模 之后ꎬ亦可放在句末ꎮ
这部照相机是我的ꎬ那部是你的ꎮ
拟
Jack believes that he knows his wifes business better than
A 3.作宾语
版 she knows it herself.
Well have to separate ours from theirs.
高 杰克认为他对他妻子的业务比他妻子本人还要了解ꎮ
考 我们得把我们的和他们的分开ꎮ
英
语
20
考点 四 指示代词 3.打电话时 this 指自己 that 指别人
ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ
用来指示或标记人或事物的代词 表示
ꎬ
Hello! This is Alan. Who is that speaking?
这个/些 那个/些 常用的指示代词有
“ ”“ ”ꎮ
喂! 我是艾伦ꎮ 您是哪位?
this that these those this that 是单数 these
ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎻ ꎬ
4.将要发生或将要提到的事情用 this 刚提到
those 是复数
ꎻ
ꎮ
过的或已经完成的事情用 that
一、指示代词的句法功能 ꎮ
1.作主语
This is going to surprise you.
The real problem was the pronunciation. That
这件事会让你吃惊的ꎮ
was too hard for me.
Little George broke the vaseꎬ but he didnt
真正的问题就是发音ꎮ 那对于我来说太难ꎮ
admit. That was very annoying.
2.作定语
小乔治打碎了花瓶ꎬ但他不承认ꎮ 那太令人
These books are intended for Senior Three.
生气了ꎮ
这些书是供高三用的ꎮ
3.作表语 5.this 和 that 还可以用作副词 表示程度 相当
ꎬ ꎬ
于 so
The winning numbers are those.
ꎮ
获奖号码是那些ꎮ
4.作宾语 The weather isnt that hot.
I have no doubt about that. 天气没有那么热ꎮ
我对那件事没有怀疑ꎮ 6.these days 可以表示 如今 those days 可以
“ ”ꎻ
表示 那个时代
二、指示代词的用法
“ ”ꎮ
1.this these 往往指在时间或空间上较近的人
ꎬ
或物 that those 可指在时间或空间上较远的 These daysꎬ universities turn out more and
ꎻ ꎬ
人或物 more graduatesꎬ so its getting much harder to
ꎮ
find jobs.
This picture was painted by Robert and that
如今ꎬ大学培养出越来越多的毕业生ꎬ因此找
one by Bruce.
工作变得难多了ꎮ
这幅画是罗伯特画的ꎬ那幅是布鲁斯画的ꎮ In those daysꎬ country music was not so
I love these books but I dont like those popular in China.
(ones).我喜欢这些书ꎬ但不喜欢那些ꎮ 在那个时代ꎬ乡村音乐在中国还没有这么
2.that 与 those 常用来代替上文已提到的名词 流行ꎮ
ꎬ
以避免重复
ꎮ 考点 五 不定代词
不明确指代某个人 某个事物 某些人
The climate of China is quite similar to that of 、 、 、
某些事物的代词叫不定代词 不定代词可
the USA. ꎮ
以代替名词或形容词 表示不同的数量概
中国的气候和美国的气候很相似ꎮ ꎬ 专
题
念 不定代词在句中可作主语 宾语 表语
三
The days in summer are longer than those in ꎮ 、 、 、
定语 代
winter.夏天的白天比冬天的白天长ꎮ ꎮ 词
21
不定代词 基本用法 ì ï—How many students have signed up to
ï
allꎬ bothꎬ eachꎬ neitherꎬ eitherꎬ ï join the club?
可作主语、宾语、 í
muchꎬlittleꎬmanyꎬ fewꎬ otherꎬ ï 有多少学生报名参加了俱乐部?
表语或定语
ï
anotherꎬ someꎬ anyꎬ one ï
î—None.一个也没有ꎮ
everyoneꎬ everybodyꎬ everythingꎬ
someoneꎬ somebodyꎬ somethingꎬ 可作主语、宾语或
ì ï—Who is absent from class today?
ï
anyoneꎬ anybodyꎬ anythingꎬ no 表语 í 今天谁上课缺席?
ï
ï
oneꎬ nobodyꎬ nothingꎬ none î—No oneꎬ sir.没人缺席ꎬ老师ꎮ
everyꎬ no 只能作定语
ì ï—What are you doing now?
ï
一、one/ones,the one/the ones 作替代词 í 你现在在做什么?
ï
ï
时的用法 î—Nothing.什么也没做ꎮ
1.one:替代“a/an+单数可数名词” 2.none 常与前面的 some/any/every 名词
“ + ”
Mr. Rod prefers a restaurant in a small town to 连 用 nothing 常 与 前 面 的 something/
ꎻ
one in so large a city as Beijing. anything/everything 连 用 nobody/no one
ꎻ
与像北京这样大的城市里的饭店相比ꎬRod 常与前面的 someone/somebody/everyone/
先生更喜欢小镇上的饭店ꎮ everybody/anyone/anybody 连用
ꎮ
2.ones:替代“零冠词+复数名词”
Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presentsꎬ If I had some moneyꎬ I would lend it to himꎬ
ones that I had never seen.张先生给了我很多
but unfortunatelyꎬ I have none.
珍贵的礼物ꎬ都是我从没见过的ꎮ
如果我有一些钱的话ꎬ我会借给他ꎬ但遗憾的
3.the one:替代“the+单数可数名词”
是ꎬ我没钱ꎮ
The book on the desk is better than the one/
I expected somebody to come to see meꎬ but
that under the desk.
nobody came.
书桌上的那本书比书桌下的那本好ꎮ
我盼着有人来看我ꎬ但没有人来ꎮ
4.the ones:替代“the+复数名词”
3.none 后面可跟 of 短语 而 nothing 和 no one/
ꎬ
The books on the desk are better than the
nobody 不能
ꎮ
ones/those under the desk.
三、all 和 both 的用法
书桌上的那些书比书桌下的那些好ꎮ
all both
二、none,nobody/no one,nothing 的用法
“三个或三个以上(人 “两者都”ꎬ与
1.none,nobody/no one,nothing 的用法及区别
含义 或物)都”ꎬ与 none 和 neither 是 反
不定代词 指代 用来回答 no one是反义词 义词
5
年 none 人或物 how many/much of后为名词时ꎬof 可省
高
考 nobody/no one 人 who 与of连用 略ꎻof 后为宾格代词 与all用法相同
3
年 nothing 物 what
时ꎬof不可省略
模
拟 all 指事物整体或抽象 作主语时ꎬ谓语
A 主谓一致 概念时当作单数ꎬ指人 动 词 用 复 数
版 No one expects you to be perfectꎬbut we do
时当作复数 形式
高 expect you to do your best.没人要求你完美无
考
英
语 缺ꎬ但我们确实希望你能尽力而为ꎮ
22
续表 对比:Every child was given a nice gift.(作定语)
all both 所有的孩子都得到了一件精美的礼物ꎮ
作主语、宾语、同位语 We each know what we should do next.(作主语
或定语 的同位语)我们每个人都知道下一步该做什么ꎮ
注意:作主语的同位语
句法功能 与all用法相同 五、another,other,others,the other 和 the
时ꎬ位于系动词 be、助
others的用法
动词或情态动词之后ꎬ
实义动词前 1.another 另一 表示泛指 没有整体范围的
:“ ”ꎬ (
表示部分否定ꎬ 另一 其用法如下
表示部分否定ꎬ意为 “ ”)ꎮ :
与not连用 意为“并非两者 单独使用时指三个或三个以上中的 另一
“并非全部都” 1) “
都”
个 再一个
ꎬ ”ꎻ
another 单数可数名词
2) + ꎻ
All the stories are instructive in this book. another of 复数名词
3) + + ꎻ
这本书中所有的故事都有教育意义ꎮ another two/three/... 复 数 名 词 two/
4) + + =
None of the stories is/are instructive in this three/... more 复数名词 又/再两个/三
+ “
book.这本书中没有一个故事有教育意义ꎮ 个/
”ꎮ
Both (of) the stories are instructive in this
book.
If you dont like this oneꎬ let me show you
这本书中的两个故事都有教育意义ꎮ
another.
All birds cannot fly. Not all birds can fly.
=
如果你不喜欢这一个ꎬ我给你看另一个ꎮ
不是所有的鸟都会飞ꎮ
I have been here for two weeks and I will stay
四、each 和 every 的用法 here for another three weeks( three more
=
each every
weeks).我在这里已经待了两周ꎬ我还要在
这里待三周ꎮ
每个 (强 调 个 每个(强调共性)ꎬ指
性)ꎬ指两者或 三者或三者以上中的 2.other 另外的 其他的 表示泛指 不单独
含义 :“ ꎬ ”ꎬ ꎬ
两者以上中的 “每个”ꎬ也可表示“所
使用 其后常跟复数名词
ꎬ ꎮ
“每个” 有的”ꎮ
作主语、 宾语、
No matter what other people may sayꎬ Ill
定 语、 同 位 语
stick to my plan.不管别人可能会说什么ꎬ我
(作主语的同位
句法功能 只能作定语
语时ꎬ谓语动词 都会坚持我的计划ꎮ
和主语保持人 3.others 相当于 other 可数名词复数 表示
: “ + ”ꎬ
称和数的一致)
泛指
ꎮ
Each of us hopes to have free weekends.(作主语) In some countriesꎬ people eat with chopsticksꎬ
我们每一个人都希望有自由的周末ꎮ while in othersꎬ knives and forks. 专
题
Each child was given a nice gift.(作定语) 在一些国家ꎬ人们用筷子吃饭ꎬ而在另外一些 三
代
每个孩子都得到了一件精美的礼物ꎮ 国家ꎬ人们用刀叉吃饭ꎮ 词
23
4.the other the other 表示两部分或两者中的另 列表记忆英语中的“三三两两”
:
一个 既可以单独用于指代单数可数名词 也
指三个或三个以
ꎬ ꎬ
词义 指两个人或物
可以和可数名词单数连用 the other 可数 上的人或物
ꎻ“ +
名词复数 特指两部分或两者以上中剩下的 每一个 each(也可指两个以上) every
”
全部
任何一个 either any
ꎮ
另一个 the other another
On one side of the river grow willowsꎬ and on
都 both all
the other side grow poplars.
都不 neither none
河的一岸长着柳树ꎬ另一岸长着杨树ꎮ
5.the others 相当于 the other 复数名词 表示 七、some 和 any 的用法
: “ + ”ꎬ
多个中剩下的全部 表示特指 单独使用 当不知或不能确定数量 只表示 一些 若
“ ”ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ “ ꎬ
干 时 用 some 或 any 两者既可用作代词 也
” ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ
There are five foreign students in our class. 可用作限定词
ꎮ
Two of them are British and the others( the 1.表示 一些 时 在肯定句中用 some 在否定
= “ ” ꎬ ꎬ
other three the other three foreign students 句 疑问句 条件状语从句中用 any some 也
= = 、 、 ꎻ
可用于疑问句中 表示希望得到肯定回答 或
the rest)are American.
ꎬ ꎬ
表示建议 邀请
我们班有五个外国学生ꎬ其中两个是英国人ꎬ
、 ꎮ
剩下的三个是美国人ꎮ
I would like some tea or coffee.
六、either 和 neither 的用法
我想喝一些茶或咖啡ꎮ
either neither
If you have any stampsꎬ please give me some.
两 者 中 任 何 一 个
如果你有邮票ꎬ请给我一些ꎮ
意义 两者中的任何一个
都不
Why dont you give your girlfriend some
作用 作主语、宾语、定语
flowers? She is in a bad mood.(表建议)为什
用法 可指人或物ꎬ修饰单数可数名词 么不给你女朋友一些花呢? 她情绪不好ꎮ
与of搭配 of后跟特指的复数名词或themꎬusꎬyou 2.表示 任何一个 时 any 可以用在肯定句中
“ ” ꎬ ꎮ
作主语时ꎬ谓语动词用单数形式ꎻneither
of和either of 后接复数名词或代词作主 You can buy this book at any bookstore in our
主谓一致
语时ꎬ谓语动词常用单数形式ꎬ有时也用
city.
复数形式
在我们市任何一家书店你都可以买到这
5
年 本书ꎮ
高
考 There are two types of qualifications—either is 3.表示 某一 时 some 相当于 a certain 其后
3 “ ” ꎬ ꎬ
年
acceptable. 加单数可数名词 暗含不知道 不感兴趣 不
模
ꎬ 、 、
拟
有两种资格证明———任何一种都可以接受ꎮ 重视等含义
A ꎮ
版 Neither of them studies Russianꎻ both of them
高
study German. Some person parked his car here.
考
英
语 他们俩都不学俄语ꎬ都学德语ꎮ 有人把车停在了这里ꎮ
24
温馨提示 更多的人同意供水厂应该提高自来水费ꎮ
“some/any of ...”结构作主语时ꎬ谓语动词的单复数需 Most of the town is undamaged during the
+
要根据of后面的名词而定ꎮ
earthquake.
Some of the food has gone bad.有些食品变质了ꎮ
城镇的大部分未在地震中受损ꎮ
Some of them agreeꎬ and some of them dont.
九、little,a little,few,a few 的用法
他们中有些人同意ꎬ有些人不同意ꎮ
1.little a little few a few 的区别如下表所示
Any of your time is to be made full use of. ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ :
应充分利用你的任何时间ꎮ 词义 用法 与of搭配
一点ꎬ几 代替或修饰
little of 后为特指的
八、many 和 much 的用法 乎没有 不可数名词ꎬ
不 可 数 名 词
1.many 和 much 是表示数量的不定代词 具有 little 有 否 定
ꎬ a little 少量(的) 或it
意义
名词和限定词的性质 可作主语 宾语 定语
ꎬ 、 、 、
几乎没有 代替或修饰
表语 意为 许多 大量 many 修饰或替代 few of 后为特指的
ꎬ “ ꎬ ”ꎮ (人或事物) 可数名词复
可数名词复数 而 much 修饰或替代不可数 复 数 名 词 或
ꎬ 数ꎬfew 有否
名词 a few 几个 youꎬusꎬthem
定意义
ꎮ
Many have been askedꎬ but few are able to
If you have any extra copies of this bookꎬ
answer.问了很多人ꎬ但很少有人能够回答ꎮ
please send me a few.
Sorryꎬ Im afraid I cant go with you. Ive got
如果这本书你还有多余的ꎬ请寄给我几本ꎮ
so much work to do.对不起ꎬ我恐怕不能和你
If you have any spare milkꎬ could you give
去了ꎬ我手头有很多工作要做ꎮ
me a little?
2.many 作主语时 谓语动词用复数 much 作主
ꎬ ꎻ 你要是有多余的牛奶ꎬ给我一些好吗?
语时 谓语动词用单数 在由 the/my/your/
ꎬ ꎮ
Many know him but few like to make friends
our/their/these/those 等修饰的名词前不能直
with him.
接用 many/much 而要用 many of/much of
ꎬ ꎮ
很多人认识他ꎬ但几乎没有人喜欢跟他交
朋友ꎮ
Much of his evidence is unbelievable.
I have little interest in mathematicsꎬ while my
他的大部分证据使人难以相信ꎮ
sister has much.
Many of the visitors to our city are from the
我对数学几乎没有兴趣ꎬ然而我的姐姐(对
Middle East.
其)很感兴趣ꎮ
来我们城市的很多游客来自中东ꎮ
2.not a little quite a little 相当于 much not a
3.more 是 much 和 many 的比较级 意为 较多
ꎬ ꎻ
ꎬ “
few quite a few a good few 相当于 many
的 更多的 most 是 much 和 many 的最高
ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ
ꎬ ”ꎻ
级 意为 最多的 most 作代词用时 其用
ꎬ “ ”ꎮ ꎬ
法和结构与 much many 的相同 We neednt hurry. Theres not a little time left.
ꎬ ꎮ
我们没有必要着急ꎬ还剩下很多时间ꎮ 专
题
More people agree that the water supply plant Youve made not a few mistakes. 三
代
should raise the running water charge. 你已经犯了很多错误ꎮ 词
25
3.little 的比较级和最高级分别为less least few
ꎬ ꎻ
的比较级和最高级分别为 fewer fewest You shouldnt trust everybody.
ꎬ ꎮ
不是所有的人你都应该相信ꎮ
I was given less juice and fewer biscuits than Not everybody obeys the law.
she.我得到的果汁和饼干比她少ꎮ 不是所有的人都遵守法律ꎮ
Nothing in my life impressed me so deeply as
十、复合不定代词
my first visit to the Palace Museum.
由 some any every no 与 one body thing
、 、 、 、 、
我的一生中ꎬ印象最深的就是第一次去参观
构成的代词称为复合不定代词 这些词在句
ꎮ
故宫博物院ꎮ
中的作用相当于名词 可作主语 宾语 表语
ꎬ 、 、 ꎮ
3.表示人的复合不定代词后可加 ̄s 构成所
人 人 物
有格
one body thing ꎮ
某 some someone somebody something
Everybodys business is nobodys/no ones
任何 any anyone anybody anything
business.事关大家无人管ꎮ
每个ꎬ
every everyone everybody everything
所有 4.somebody someone anybody anyone 可指重
ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ
要人物 nobody 指无名之辈 something else
没有 no no one nobody nothing
ꎻ ꎻ
往往指出色的人或事物 nothing 指无关紧要
1.some ̄复合不定代词主要用于肯定句 any ̄
ꎻ
ꎬ
的事或无足轻重的人
复合不定代词主要用于否定句 疑问句 也
ꎮ
、 ꎬ
可用于 if 或 whether 之后 当 some ̄复合不
ꎮ
定代词用于否定句 疑问句时 往往希望对
Ive seen some fine playersꎬ but shes
、 ꎬ
something else.
方给予肯定的答复 表示肯定的意义 当
ꎬ ꎮ
any ̄复合不定代词用于肯定句时 表示 任
优秀运动员我见过不少ꎬ但她出类拔萃ꎮ
ꎬ “
何 之意 He is someone/somebody.他是个重要人物ꎮ
” ꎮ
考点 六 it 的用法
Somebody must have used my books. They are
it 在句中可充当主语 宾语或表语
all in a mess on the shelf.
、 ꎮ
1.it 指代内容丰富,其具体用法如下:
肯定有人用了我的书ꎮ 它们都被乱七八糟地
指代上文提到的事物 想法等 以避免重复
放在书架上ꎮ
1) 、 ꎬ ꎮ
If anybody callsꎬ tell him Im outꎬ but take his
name and phone number.
Where is my dictionary? I left it right on the
5
年 如果有人来电话ꎬ告诉他我出去了ꎬ但要留下 desk.我的词典哪里去了? 我就放在桌子上了ꎮ
高
考 他的姓名和电话号码ꎮ 代替指示代词 this 和 that
3 2) ꎮ
年
Can someone come over and do me a favor?
模
拟
能不能过来一个人帮我一下? —Whats this? 这是什么?
A
版 2.everybody everyone everything 常用于肯定 —Its a doll.是一个洋娃娃ꎮ
、 、
高
句 用于否定句时常表示部分否定 完全否定 —Whose exercise book is that? 那是谁的练
考
ꎬ ꎬ
英
语 用 nobody no one nothing 等来表示 习本?
、 、 ꎮ
26
—Its hers.是她的ꎮ
指代上文性别不明的婴儿或身份不明确 Its not easy to learn a foreign language.
3)
的人 学习一门外语不容易ꎮ
ꎮ
Its no good smoking.抽烟没好处ꎮ
The baby cried because it was hungry. Its said that he will go abroad.
婴儿因饥饿而啼哭ꎮ
据说他要出国了ꎮ
—Whos that at the door? 门口的那个人
it 用于强调句型 It is/was 被强调部分
8) :“ + +
是谁?
that/who 其他成分 这一句型可对一个
+ ”ꎮ
—It is the milkman.是送奶人ꎮ
句子的主语 宾语 表语 状语进行强调
、 、 、 ꎮ
指代双方都明白的事情 2.有关 it 的句型总结
4) ꎮ
it 作形式主语的常用句式
1) :
The Parkers bought a new house but it will It is no use/good doing sth.做某事没有用处/
①
need a lot of work before they can move in. 好处
帕克一家买了新的房子ꎬ但是在他们搬进去 It is fun doing sth.做某事有趣
之前这将需要大量的工作ꎮ It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费
指代时间 天气 距离和环境 时间
5) 、 、 ꎮ
It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事
②
It is nine oclock sharp now.现在 点整ꎮ 花费某人多长时间
9
It is raining hard outside.外面雨下得正大ꎮ It is certain that...肯定
③
It is a long way to the factory. It is likely/possible that...可能
到工厂有很长一段路ꎮ It is a pity/shame that...真遗憾/可惜
④
作形式宾语 不定式 短语 动名词 短语 It is a fact that...事实是
6) : ( )、 ( )
或名词性从句作宾语时 如果后面带有宾语 It is a wonder that...令人惊奇的是
ꎬ
补足语 常用 it 作形式宾语 而把真正的宾 It occurs to/comes to/strikes/hits sb. that...某
ꎬ ꎬ ⑤
语 不定式 短语 动名词 短语 或名词性 人突然想到
[ ( )、 ( )
从句 放在宾语补足语的后面 It is/has been 时间段 since... 表示 自
] ꎮ 2)“ + + ” “
从 以来有多长时间 since 后常用一般
”ꎬ
I find it easy to get on with Jim. 过去时
ꎻ
我觉得同吉姆相处很容易ꎮ It was 时间段 since... 表示在过去说 自
“ + + ” “
I have made it clear that nobody is allowed to 从 以来有多长时间 since 后常用过去
”ꎬ
smoke here. 完成时
ꎮ
我已经讲得很清楚ꎬ任何人不准在这儿
吸烟ꎮ It is years since I enjoyed such good food.
作形式主语 it 常作形式主语位于句首 而 我多年没有享用这么好的食物了ꎮ 专
7) : ꎬ 题
真正的主语后置 被替代的主语常为不定式 It was exactly five years since her father had 三
ꎬ
代
短语 动名词 短语 从句等 died.她父亲去世整五年了ꎮ 词
( )、 ( )、 ꎮ
27
It was/will be 时间段 before...表示 过多长时
3) + + “
间才 It was not/will not be 时间段 It is time for lunch.到吃午饭的时间了ꎮ
”ꎻ + +
before...表示 不久于多长时间 就 It is time (for us) to go to school.
“ ”ꎮ
到了(我们)上学的时间了ꎮ
It was a long time before people began to use It is (high/about) time that we went/should
written language. go home now.现在我们该回家了ꎮ
过了很久人们才开始使用书面语言ꎮ It is/was the first/second/...time that 从句
5) +
It will not be three days before you regret 这是某人第一/二/ 次做
what you are doing now.不出三天你就会为
你现在的所作所为感到后悔的ꎮ It is the first time that I have visited it.
We all know it will be four months before we 这是我第一次参观它ꎮ
can really have a rest. as...put it 正如 所说
6)
我们都知道要过 个月我们才能真正休息ꎮ
4
ì ïfor sth. When women joined the teamꎬ it “took on a
ï
It is time í for sb. to do sth. new look”ꎬ as news reports put it.
4) +ï( )
ï
îthat 从句 女性加入以后ꎬ就如新闻报道所说ꎬ那个团
到 某人 做某事的时候了 队“面貌焕然一新”ꎮ
( )
5
年
高
考
3
年
模
拟
A
版
高
考
英
语
28
单句填空·代词专练
5 年高考
1.The Chinese Ancient Tea Museum was officially unveiled 揭幕 at the ceremony opening
( ) ꎬ
it first exhibition The Avenue of Truth A Special Exhibition of Puer Tea.
( ) : —
( 全国乙)
2022
2.Mary loved it. She was extremely pretty and her house was a reflection of she
ꎬ ( )ꎬ
everything in good taste and in perfect order. ( 浙江 月)
2021 6
3.As well as looking at exhibits visitors can play with computer simulations 模拟 and imagine
ꎬ ( )
they living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
( )
( 新高考 )
2020 Ⅰ
4.Nervously facing challenges I know I will whisper to I the two simple words
ꎬ ( )
Be yourself . ( 北京)
“ ” 2019
5.When the gorillas and I frightened each other I was just glad to find they alive.
ꎬ ( )
( 全国 )
2018 Ⅲ
6.Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize
how cheap can be to eat out. ( 浙江 月)
2018 6
7.However the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months more than
ꎬ ꎬ
people were using every day. ( 全国 )
25ꎬ000 2017 Ⅱ8. She thought I had hurt I says Pahlsson. ( 浙江 月)
“ ( )ꎬ” 2017 6
答案
1.its 2.herself 3.themselves 4.myself 5.them 6.it 7.it 8.myself
3 年模拟
1.With water falling off its thick brown hair the bear stared back at I .
ꎬ ꎬ ( )
( 广东梅州一模)
2022
2.Onboard Chinas space station core module taikonauts Zhai Zhigang Wang Yaping and Ye
ꎬ ꎬ
Guangfu extended they Spring Festival greetings in a video on New Years Eve.
( )
( 山西太原一模)
2022
3.By the age of she has visited all the countries in an effort to challenge she
23ꎬ ( )
and push the limits of what she believed was possible for a female traveler. ( 广东广州一模)
2022
4. Emoji should cover characters representing major food allergens 过敏原 Komatsu wrote in
“ ( )ꎬ”
he proposal. ( 湖南长沙一中月考)
( ) 2022
5.Having failed at ever achieving his worldly ambitions he gave up the idea of making money and
ꎬ
devoted he to volunteer work. ( 浙江台州质量评估)
( ) 2022
6.If the concept is too difficult will be difficult for children to finish that
ꎬ
experiment. ( 河南顶尖名校联考)
2021
答案
1.me 2.their 3.herself 4.his 5.himself 6.it
语篇填空·代词专练
1
Passage ( 广东二模改编)
2022
Israeli singer ̄songwriter Gilad Segev has devoted . him to an ambitious project
1 ( )
to present different views of China through music because of . he love for the
ꎬ 2 ( )
country. In June he launched Project and through . he will release a song
2020ꎬ “ 34” 3
for each of the provincial ̄level regions in China every month. Combining Chinese music and global
34
folk music he has posted videos so far on social media platforms gaining millions of views.
ꎬ 17 ꎬ
. I inspiration for the project was the great beauty I discovered in Chinas
“4 ( )
culture landscapes and more importantly the hearts of . she people says
ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 5 ( ) ꎬ”
Segev. He calls . him a passer ̄by a travelling artist who tells stories from his
6 ( ) “ ”—
encounters with people from various cultures through music.
ꎬ
Over the past decade the award ̄winning musician has travelled to . many of
ꎬ 7 ( )
the provincial ̄level regions and plans to go to the rest. 专
34 ꎬ 题
三
For each music video he cooperates actively with a Chinese singer or musician to include
ꎬ ꎬ
代
characteristics from . they own home region. He and his team have listened 词
8 ( )
29extensively to various types of Chinese music to figure out what suitable elements can be used in the
works of . he . I believe when all of . we voices are heard
9 ( ) “ 10 ( )
together true harmony can happen Segev says.
ꎬ ꎬ”
答案
语篇解读 出于对中国的喜爱ꎬ以色列创作型歌手吉拉德赛格夫启动了“Project ”ꎬ每月为
[ ] 34
中国三十四个省级行政区中的一个发布一首歌曲ꎮ
1.himself 2.his 3.it 4.My 5.her 6.himself 7.most 8.their 9.his 10.our
2
Passage ( 浙江名校联盟模拟改编)
2021
The first best friend I ever made at age five was a complete game ̄changer. This new little
ꎬ ꎬ
friend of . I instantly became my partner for everything. She was the first person to
1 ( )
invite me to play Barbie dolls and was there for . I when Id cry during nap time.
2 ( )
We had a secret handshake loved Disney movies and laughed about things that werent very funny
ꎬ ꎬ
to . other .
3 ( )
Im almost and I still do . that very same things with . I
20 4 ( ) 5 ( )
girlfriends now. Over the years those friendships have got me through breakups stressful school
ꎬ ꎬ
moments and times when I felt so disappointed with . I that I barely wanted to go
ꎬ 6 ( )
outside.
Without . this girlfriends Id probably spend most weekends alone because
7 ( ) ꎬ ꎬ
I wouldnt have plans to go to brunch or just to go for a walk with a cup of coffee in my hand.
ꎬ
Having good girlfriends in . you life can be crucial to your happiness and
8 ( )
they will tell you not to buy that T ̄shirt because . doesnt show your best talents.
ꎬ 9
They will tell you whether the person youre dating deserves your time and your energy. They will
even pump you up when youre feeling down and youll believe . they because
10 ( )ꎬ
they are right and they always want the best for you.
ꎬ
答案
语篇解读 文章论述了朋友的意义ꎮ
[ ]
1.mine 2.me 3.others 4.those 5.my 6.myself 7.these 8.your 9.it 10.them
3
Passage ( 四川绵阳一诊改编)
2021
In ancient times our ancestors relied on stars to guide . they on a clear night.
ꎬ 1 ( )
Today with the help of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System BDS which is entirely built by
5 ꎬ ( )ꎬ
年 Chinese engineers . us Chinese can easily find our way.
高 ꎬ 2 ( )
考
The BDS is . of four global navigation networks along with the United States
3
3 ꎬ
年
GPS Russias GLONASS and the European Unions Galileo. With the last satellite launched from
模
ꎬ
拟
the Xichang Satellite Launch Center on June the global network of satellites has been
A 23ꎬ 59
版 completed since then. On July the BDS started providing . we with full ̄scale
31ꎬ 4 ( )
高
global services. . is difficult to imagine the great effect which those satellites have on
考
5
英
语 . we daily lives. Common people care about two things quality and price. An
6 ( ) :
30engineer of the China Satellite Navigation Office said that the BeiDou system . it
7 ( )
is open and free for the public.
As the largest space ̄based system in China BeiDou adopts a unique two ̄way communication
ꎬ
system including . it ability to receive messages sent by people from areas with
ꎬ 8 ( )
poor signals. Obviously this exclusive function isnt designed for users to chat online. Instead
ꎬ ꎬ
. plays an important role when terrible disasters occur and ground ̄based
9
communications are blocked. As Sun Jiadong former chief designer of the BDS put
ꎬ ꎬ
. The application of the BDS is only limited by imagination.
10 : “ ”
答案
语篇解读 文章介绍了完全由中国工程师建造的北斗卫星导航系统ꎮ
[ ]
1.them 2.we 3.one 4.us 5.It 6.our 7.itself 8.its 9.it 10.it
4
Passage ( 河南名校线上联考改编)
2020
Experiences are acquired through our journey in life we choose and create .
ꎻ 1
we beliefs fears and opinions based on all our experiences in life. Even though things and life are
( ) ꎬ
the way . them are we all have different opinions and beliefs about
2 ( ) ꎬ
. other . Other people have opinions about . we too. But what
3 ( ) 4 ( )
really matters is the opinion we have about . our . We either choose to accept and
5 ( )
follow . other opinions or decide to stick to our own beliefs.
6 ( )
By living life as it is and being yourself you create an image about yourself. It is extremely
ꎬ
important to understand how this image directs and influences . you growth. This
7 ( )
image that you create about . you determines who you are and how you feel it
8 ( ) ꎻ
determines how successful you become in life. Everything starts in the mind. If you really want to
accomplish your dreams picture yourself having and living the life you want. Believe in
ꎬ
. you and be confident It doesnt matter how bad or difficult the circumstances
9 ( ) !
may be. In short you are as happy or sad as you see yourself and you neednt care about what
ꎬ ꎬ
. other think of you.
10 ( )
答案
语篇解读 我们的人生经历决定了我们待人处事的方式ꎬ决定我们是否幸福快乐的因素应该
[ ]
是我们自己而不是周围的人ꎮ
1.our 2.they 3.others 4.us 5.ourselves 6.others 7.your 8.yourself 9.yourself
10.others
专
题
三
代
词
31