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专题八 主旨要义
方法技巧 学生用书P56 方法经典 技巧实用
一、如何找主题句 例1 ( 全国甲,D)
2021
段落的主题通常由被称为主题句的句子来表示 Who is a genius This question has greatly interested
。 ?
1.主题句通常是段落的第一句或末尾一句 偶尔在段落中间 humankind for centuries.
, 。
在非故事性文章中 主题句尤为明显 有的文章无明显的主题 Let􀆳s state clearly Einstein was a genius. His face is almost
, 。 :
句 而是把主题隐含在段意之中 the international symbol for genius. But we want to go beyond
, 。
例1 It􀆳s o􀆳clock and you􀆳ve been hard at work. As you sit at one man and explore the nature of genius itself. Why is it that
3
your desk a strong desire for chocolate overcomes you. You try some peoplearesomuchmoreintelligentorcreativethantherest
,
of us And who are they
to busy yourself to make it go away. But it doesn􀆳t. Here is
? ?
In thesciencesandarts thosepraisedasgeniusesweremost
anothersituation.Perhapsyouarenotfeelingwell.Theonlything ,
often white men of European origin. Perhaps this is not a
you want to eat is a big bowl of chicken soup like your mom ,
, surprise. It􀆳s said that history is written by the victors and those
used to make when you weresickasachild. Foodcravingsarea ,
victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. When
strong desire for a specific type of food. And they are normal.
contributions were made by geniuses outside the club women
分析 本段文字以介绍个人的某些经历开篇 以此为最后 — ,
, or people of a different color or belief they were unacknowledged
的结论做出铺垫 段末则总结得出 food cravings 这一话题 —
。 “ ” , andrejectedbyothers.
指出这为正常现象 下文则要围绕这一话题具体展开论述 由
, , AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungas
此判断本段最后两句便为主题句
。 age six girls are less likely than boys to say that members of
2.有些段落有明显的引出细节的信息词 常见的信息词有for ,
, their gender 性别 are really really smart. Even worse the
example an example of the most important example first second ( ) “ , ” ,
, , , , , study found that girlsact on that belief Around age six they start
next then last finally tobeginwith also besidesthat等 :
, , , , , , 。 to avoid activities said to be for children who are really really
在阅读中 应尽量利用上述信息词确定主题句的位置 如 “ ,
, 。 smart. Can our planet afford to have any great thinkers become
”
果无明显的信息词 可先假设第一句为主题句 在第二句前面
discouraged and give up It doesn􀆳t take a genius to know the
, ,
?
添加一个for example 看看第二句是否可以支撑第一句话 如 answer absolutely not.
, , :
果第二句不能支撑第一句话 便在其他地方找出主题句 Here􀆳s the good news. In a wired world with constant global
, 。
例2 Famous people have a lot of influences on cultural trends communication we􀆳reallpositionedtoseeflashesofgeniuswherever
, ,
like it or not. WhenOprahgoesona ⁃dayvegandiet itmakes theyappear.Andthemore we look the more we will see that social
21 , ,
the headlines. When Amal Clooney wears a Stella McCartney factors 因素 like gender race and class do not determine the
( ) , ,
dress sales go way up. appearance of genius. As a writer says future geniuses come from
, ,
分析 本段文字中先提出名人会影响文化潮流的论断 然 thosewith intelligence creativity perseverance 毅力 and simple
, “ , , ( ),
后以 Oprah 和 Amal Clooney 的例子说明这一论断 首句 goodfortune whoareabletochangetheworld.
“ ” “ ” 。 , ”
之后可以用 for example 引出下文 故首句为段落主题句 What is the best title for the text
“ ” , 。 ?
二、题型分类突破 A.Geniuses Think Alike B.Genius Takes Many Forms
1.最佳标题 C.Genius and Intelligence D.Genius and Luck
解析 考查最佳标题 本文为议论文 最后一段最后两句
。 ,
为文章中心句 由此可知社会因素并不能决定天才的出现 未
, 。
来的天才来自拥有智慧 创造力 毅力以及好运气的人 即天才
、 、 ,
有多种形式 故选B项
。 。
2.文章大意
年
高
考
年
模
拟
︵
教
师
用
书
︶
6 4
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋例2 Peppa Pig a British preschool animated TV series has 解析 考查文章大意 通读全文可知 第一段为全文主题
, , 。 ,
undergone anamazingjourneyinadaptingtoChinesecultureand 段 根据文章第一段并结合全文内容可知 本文按照时间顺
。 ,
China􀆳s market. 序 介绍了 小猪佩奇 在中国的巨大影响 故选A项
, 《 》 。 。
3.段落大意
2015
The Peppa Pig TV series was introduced to the Chinese
market by Entertainment One and first aired on the CCTV
Children􀆳s Channel. Shortly after its publication Peppa Pig
,
attracted billions of views on social media platforms.
2016
The Peppa Pig TV series was broadcast on the CCTV
Children􀆳sChannel for asecondround.Italsogainedmoreviewers.
2017
The phrase Peppa Pig Girl became one of the hottest
“ ” 例3 ( 课标全国 ,D节选)
buzzwords on China􀆳s Internet.It refers to a girl who holds a 2019 Ⅰ
Popularity is a well⁃explored subject in social psychology.
positive attitude toward life even though she tends to be lazy in
Mitch Prinstein a professor of clinical psychology sorts the
her dailylife. Shemightlookabitsillyandoftenhavetastyfood ,
popular into two categories the likable and the status seekers.
as a top priority on her mind. :
The likables􀆳 plays⁃well⁃with⁃others qualities strengthen
2018 schoolyard friendships jump⁃start interpersonal skills and when
Rumors claimed that Peppa Pig was banned from Douyin , ,
, tapped early are employed ever after in life and work.Then
China􀆳s major video sharingplatform sayingit violates 违反 ,
, “ ( ) there􀆳s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence status
the communityregulationsandhasnotpassedcensorship 审查制 :
( born of power and even dishonorable behavior.
度 .In May however representatives from Douyin said the
)” , , What is the second paragraph mainly about
app was not forbidding Peppa Pig. ?
A.The classification of the popular.
2019 B.The characteristics of adolescents.
According to Entertainment One more than million
, 40 C.The importance of interpersonal skills.
Peppa Pig books have beensoldsinceitssecondroundbroadcast
D.The causes of dishonorable behavior.
on CCTV. In the Year of the Pig more companies are adding
, 解析 概括段落大意题 根据本段内容以及第二句的句式
Peppa⁃themed elements to their products for promotion. 。
特点 句中有冒号 可暂时断定第二句是本段的中心句 而
What does the passage mainly talk about ( ), 。
? 第三句和第四句分别介绍了两类受欢迎的人 讨人喜欢型和追
A.Peppa Pig􀆳s great effect in China. :
求地位型 第二句中的关键词 sorts...into... 把 分成
B.Peppa Pig􀆳s high economic value in China. 。 ( ……
与A项中的classification相呼应 故选A项
C.The causes of the great popularity of Peppa Pig. ……) , 。
D.The introduction of Peppa Pig to the whole world.
专
题
八
主
旨
要
义
6 5
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
五年 考点式编排 五年 考点式编排 三年 考点基础练
高考 题组式训练 高考 题组式训练 模拟 综合提升练
2018—2022
A组 新高考卷题组
Passage1 (2022新高考Ⅰ,D) 373 学生用书P157 labiodentals whichare formed by touching the lower lip 嘴唇 to
, ( )
theupper teeth. Later our jaws changed to an overbite structure
Human speech contains more than different sounds , ,
2,000 , makingit easier toproducesuchsounds.
from the common m and a to the rare clicks of some
“ ” “ ” The teamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwith
southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more
the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food
common than others A ground⁃breaking five⁃year study shows
? , became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didn􀆳t have to
that diet⁃related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds
do as much work and so didn􀆳t grow to be so large.
that are now found in half the world􀆳s languages.
Analysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasa
More than years ago the scholar Charles Hockett noted
30 , globalchange in the sound of world languages after the Neolithic
that speechsoundscalledlabiodentals suchas f and v were
, “ ” “ ”, age withtheuseof f and v increasing remarkably during the
more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. , “ ” “ ”
last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the
Now a team of researchers led by Dami􀅡n Blasi at the University
languagesof manyhunter⁃gatherer peopletoday.
of Zurich Switzerland hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.
, , This research overturns the popular view that all human
They discoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancient
speech sounds were present when human beings evolved 进化
human adults were aligned 对齐 making it hard to produce ( )
( ),
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋around yearsago. Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehas We need something on the books that can change people􀆳s
300,000 “ “
not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human behavior said Félix W. Ortiz who pushed for the state􀆳s
,” , 2001
beings but rather the huge variety of speech soundsthat we find ban on hand⁃held devices by drivers. If the Textalyzer bill
,
today is the product of a complex interplay of things like becomeslaw hesaid peoplearegoingtobemoreafraidtoput
, ,“
biological change and cultural evolution said Steven Moran a their hands on the cell phone.
,” , ”
member of the research team. 1.Which of the following best describes the ban on drivers􀆳
1.Which aspect of the human speech sound does Dami􀅡n Blasi􀆳s texting in the US
?
research focus on A.Ineffective. B.Unnecessary.
?
A.Its variety. B.Its distribution. C.Inconsistent. D.Unfair.
C.Its quantity. D.Its development. 2.What can the Textalyzer help a police officer find out
?
2.Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce A.Where a driver came from.
labiodentals B.Whether a driver used their phone.
?
A.Theyhadfewer upper teeththanlower teeth. C.How fast a driver was going.
B.They could not open and close their lips easily. D.When a driver arrived at the scene.
C.Their jaws were not conveniently structured. 3.What does the underlined word something in the last
“ ”
D.Their lower front teeth were not large enough. paragraph refer to
?
3.What is paragraph5 mainly about A.Advice. B.Data.
?
A.Supporting evidence for the research results. C.Tests. D.Laws.
B.Potential applicationof theresearchfindings. 4.What is a suitable title for the text
?
C.Afurther explanationof theresearchmethods. A.To Drive or Not to Drive Think Before You Start
?
D.A reasonable doubt about the research process. B.Texting and Driving Watch Out for the Textalyzer
?
4.What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech C.New York Banning Hand⁃Held Devices by Drivers
sounds D.The Next Generation Cell Phone The Textalyzer
? :
A.It is key to effective communication. 答案
B.It contributes much to cultural diversity. 1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B
C.It is a complex and dynamic system.
Passage3 (2021新高考Ⅰ,D) 303 学生用书P159
D.It drives the evolution of human beings.
答案 Popularizationhasinsomecaseschanged the original meaning
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.C ofemotional 情感的 intelligence.Manypeople nowmisunderstand
( )
emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person􀆳s
Passage2 (2022新高考Ⅱ,C) 305 学生用书P158
makeupthat cannot be measured by an IQ test such as character
, ,
Over the last seven years most states have banned texting motivation confidence mental stability optimism and people
, , , , “
by drivers and public service campaignshave tried a wide range skills. Research has shown that emotional skills may contribute to
, ”
of methods to persuade people to put down their phones when someof these qualities but most of them move far beyond skill⁃
,
they are behind the wheel. basedemotional intelligence.
Yet the problem by just about any measure appears to be We prefertodescribeemotionalintelligenceasaspecificset
, ,
getting worse. Americans are still texting while driving as well of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. The
,
as using social networks and taking photos. Road accidents ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be
,
which had fallen for years are now rising sharply. used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients while a
, ,
That is partly because people are driving more but Mark cheatermightuseittocontrolpotentialvictims.Beingemotionally
,
Rosekind the chief of the National Highway Traffic Safety intelligent does not necessarily make one a moral person.
,
Administration said distracted 分 心 driving was only Although popular beliefs regarding emotional intelligence
, ( ) “
increasing unfortunately. runfaraheadofwhatresearchcanreasonablysupport theoverall
, ” ,
Big change requires big ideas he said in a speech last effects of the publicity have been more beneficial than harmful.
“ ,”
年
month referringbroadly to the need to improve road safety. So to The mostpositiveaspectofthispopularizationisanewandmuch
高 ,
考 tryto change a distinctly modern behavior lawmakers and public needed emphasis 重视 on emotion by employers educators
, ( ) ,
healthexpertsare reaching back to an old approach They want to and others interested in promoting social well⁃being. The
年 :
treat distracteddrivinglikedrunkdriving. popularization of emotional intelligence has helped both the
模
拟 An idea from lawmakers in New York is to give police public and researchers re⁃evaluate the functionality of emotions
officers a new device called the Textalyzer. It would work like and how they serve people adaptively in everyday life.
this An officer arriving at the scene of a crash could ask for the Although the continuing popular appeal of emotional
:
phones of the drivers and use the Textalyzer to check in the intelligence isdesirable wehopethatsuchattentionwillexcitea
︵ ,
教 operating system for recent activity. The technology could greater interest in the scientificandscholarlystudyofemotion. It
师
determine whether a driver had just texted emailed or done isourhopethatincomingdecades advancesinsciencewilloffer
用 , ,
书 anything else that is not allowed under New York􀆳s hands⁃free newperspectives 视角 from which to study howpeople manage
( )
︶ driving laws. their lives. Emotional intelligence with its focus on both head
,
6 6
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋and heart may serve to point us in the right direction. her place of work for the past twelve years. I􀆳ve seen those
, “
1. What is a common misunderstanding of emotional magic moments when children are talking to someone they are
intelligence inspired by their eyesare shining and their faceslight up she
? — ,”
A.It can be measured by an IQ test. said. We need artists more than ever in our schools.
“ , ”
B.It helps to exercise a person􀆳s mind. Artist Michael Craig⁃Martin said Andria􀆳sbrilliant project
,“
C.It includes a set of emotional skills. to bring artists from all fields into direct contact with children is
D.It refers to a person􀆳s positive qualities. particularly welcome at a time when the arts are being
2.Why does the author mention doctor and cheater in downgraded in schools. It was a mistake to see the arts as
“ ” “ ” ”
paragraph unnecessary he added.
2? ,
A.To explain a rule. Historian Sir Simon Schama is also a supporter of the
B.To clarify a concept. project. Hesaidthatartseducationinschoolswasnotjustanadd⁃
C.To present a fact. on. It is absolutely necessary. The future depends on creativity
“
D.To make a prediction. and creativity depends on the young. What will remain of us
3.What is the author􀆳s attitude to the popularization of emotional when artificial intelligence takes over will be our creativity and
,
intelligence it is our creative spirit ourvisionarysenseoffreshness thathas
? , ,
A.Favorable. B.Intolerant. been our strength for centuries.
”
C.Doubtful. D.Unclear. 1.What will Zafirakou do with her prize money
?
4.What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning A.Make a movie. B.Build new schools.
emotional intelligence C.Run a project. D.Help local musicians.
?
A.Its appeal to the public. 2.What does Craig⁃Martin think oftheteachingoftheartsinUK
B.Expectations for future studies. schools
?
C.Its practical application. A.It is particularly difficult.
D.Scientists with new perspectives. B.It increases artists􀆳 income.
答案 C.It opens children􀆳s mind.
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B D.It deserves greater attention.
3.What should be stressed in school education according to
Passage4 (2021新高考Ⅱ,C) 270 学生用书P160
Schama
?
A British woman whowona $ millionprizeaftershewas A.Moral principles.
1
named the World􀆳s Best Teacher will use the cash to bring B.Interpersonal skills.
inspirational figures into UK schools. C.Creative abilities.
AndriaZafirakou anorthLondonsecondaryschoolteacher D.Positive worldviews.
, ,
said she wanted to bring about a classroom revolution 变革 . 4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
( ) ?
We are going to make a change she said. I􀆳ve started a A.Bring Artists to Schools
“ ,” “
project to promote the teaching of the arts in our schools. B.When Historians Meet Artists
”
The projectresultsfromthedifficultiesmanyschoolshavein C.Arts Education in Britain
getting artists of any sort whether an up⁃and⁃coming local D.The World􀆳s Best Arts Teacher
—
musician or a major movie star into schools to work with and 答案
—
inspire children. 1.C 2.D 3.C 4.A
Zafirakou began theprojectatAlpertonCommunitySchool
,
专
题
八
主
旨
要
义
6 7
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
B 组 课标全国卷、省(区、市)卷题组
Passage1 (2022全国甲,B) 285 学生用书P161 shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be
turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an
Goffin􀆳s cockatoos a kind of small parrot native to
, allocentric frame of reference . In the experiment Goffin􀆳s
Australasia have been shown to have similar shape⁃recognition “ ” ,
, cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job in most
abilitiestoahumantwo⁃year⁃old. Thoughnotknowntousetools ,
cases by visual recognition alone. Where trial⁃and⁃error was
inthewild thebirdshaveprovedskilfulattoolusewhilekeptin ,
, used thecockatoosdidbetterthanmonkeysinsimilartests. This
thecage.Inarecentexperiment cockatooswerepresentedwitha ,
, indicates that Goffin􀆳s cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric
box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a
frame of referencewhenmovingobjectsinspace similartotwo⁃
keyhole in a geometric shape and the birds were given five ,
“ ” , year⁃old babies.
differently shaped keys to choose from. Inserting the correct
“ ” The next step according to the researchers is to try and
key would let out the nut. , ,
“ ” work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues 线
In humans babies can put a round shape in a round hole (
, 索 or also use a sense of touch in making their shape
from around one year of age but it will be another year before ),
, selections.
they are able to do the same with less symmetrical 对称的
( )
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋1.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the Chinese more still. We􀆳ve got a foundation built on ancient
experiment culturesbutwithadriveanddynamismofayoungcountry. It􀆳sa
?
A.By following instructions. pretty hard combination to beat.
”
B.By using a tool. He is right but I can􀆳t help wishing they would keep those
,
C.By turning the box around. old ferries.
D.By removing the lid. 1.What is the first paragraph mainly about
?
2.Which task can human one⁃year⁃olds most likely complete A.Sydney􀆳s striking architecture.
according to the text B.The cultural diversity of Sydney.
?
A.Using a key to unlock a door. C.The key to Sydney􀆳s development.
B.Telling parrots from other birds. D.Sydney􀆳s tourist attractions in the s.
1960
C.Putting a ball into a round hole. 2.What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds
?
D.Grouping toys of different shapes. A.He goes to work by boat.
3.What does the follow⁃up test aim to find out about the B.He looks forward to a new life.
cockatoos C.He pilots catamarans well.
?
A.How far they are able to see. D.He is attached to the old ferries.
B.How they track moving objects. 3.What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney
?
C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys. A.It is losing its traditions.
D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test. B.It should speed up its progress.
4.Which can be a suitable title for the text C.It should expand its population.
?
A.Cockatoos Quick Error Checkers D.It is becoming more international.
:
B.Cockatoos Independent Learners 4.Which statement will the author probably agree with
: ?
C.Cockatoos Clever Signal⁃Readers A.Acitycanbeyoungandoldatthesametime.
:
D.Cockatoos Skilful Shape⁃Sorters B.A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic.
:
答案 C.Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance.
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D D.Compromiseshouldbemadebetweenthelocalandtheforeign.
答案
Passage2 (2022全国甲,D) 378 学生用书P162
1.C 2.D 3.A 4.A
Sometime in the early s a significant thing happened in
1960 , Passage3 (2021全国乙,C) 268 学生用书P163
Sydney Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then one after
, ,
another Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of You􀆳ve heard that plastic is polluting the oceans between
, —
there broad parks superb beaches and a culturally diverse . and . million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.
— , , 48 12 7
population.But it istheharbor that makesthecity. But does oneplasticstraworcupreallymakeadifference Artist
?
AndrewReynolds a cheerful fellow in his early s pilots Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does. He builds
, 30 ,
Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning massive sculptures out of plastic garbage forcing viewers to re⁃
,
shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run examine their relationship to single⁃use plastic products.
Andrew shut down the engine andwewentourseparateways At the beginning of the year the artist built a piece called
, — ,
he for a lunch break I to explore the city. Strawpocalypse a pair of ⁃foot⁃tall plastic waves frozen
, “ ,” 10 ,
I􀆳ll miss these old boats he said as we parted. mid⁃crash. Madeof plasticstrawscollectedfromseveral
“ ,” 168,000
How do you mean I asked. volunteer beach cleanups the sculpture made its first appearance
“ ?” ,
Oh they􀆳re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City
“ , ,
are faster butthey􀆳renotsoelegant andthey􀆳renotfuntopilot. Vietnam.
, ,
But that􀆳s progress I guess. Just % ofglobalplasticwasteisrecycled. Plasticstrawsare
, ” 9
EverywhereinSydneythesedays changeandprogressarethe by no means the biggest source 来源 of plastic pollution but
, ( ) ,
watchwords 口号 and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley they􀆳ve recently come under fire because most people don􀆳t need
( ),
年 Fitzgerald the city􀆳s official historian told me that in its rush to them to drink with and because of their small size and weight
高 , , , ,
考 modernity in the s Sydney swept aside much of its past they cannot be recycled. Every straw that􀆳s part of Von Wong􀆳s
1970 , ,
includingmany of its finest buildings. Sydney is confused about artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a
年 “
itself shesaid. Wecan􀆳tseemtomakeupourmindswhetherwe few minutes.Once the drink is gone the straw will take centuries
模 ,” “ ,
拟 want amoderncityoratraditionalone.It􀆳saconflictthatwearen􀆳t to disappear.
gettinganybetter at resolving 解决 . In apiecefrom VonWongwantedtoillustrate 说明
( )” 2018, ( )
On the other hand being young and old at the same time a specific statistic Every seconds a truckload􀆳s worth of
, : 60 ,
has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful plastic enters the ocean. For this work titled Truckload of
︵ , “
教 young businessman named Anthony. Many people say that we Plastic Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more
“ ,”
师 lack culture inthiscountry hetoldme. Whatpeopleforgetis than pieces of plastic which were then tied together to
用 ,” “ 10,000 ,
书 that the Italians when they came to Australia brought look like they􀆳d been dumped 倾倒 from a truck all at once.
, , 2000 ( )
︶ years of their culture the Greeks some years and the Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big
, 3000 ,
6 8
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋companies to reduce their plastic footprint. 1.Thenewstudyfocusedonwhether dogscan .
1.What are Von Wong􀆳s artworks intended for A.distinguish shapes
?
A.Beautifying the city he lives in. B.make sense of human faces
B.Introducing eco⁃friendly products. C.feel happy or angry
C.Drawing public attention to plastic waste. D.communicate with each other
D.Reducing garbage on the beach. 2.What can we learn about the study from paragraph
2?
2.Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph A.Researcherstestedthedogsinrandomorder.
3?
A.To show the difficulty of their recycling. B.Diversemethodswereadoptedduringtraining.
B.To explain why they are useful. C.Picturesusedinthetwostagesweredifferent.
C.To voice his views on modern art. D.Thedogswerephotographedbeforethetest.
D.To find a substitute for them. 3.What is the last paragraph mainly about
?
3.What effect would Truckload of Plastic have on viewers A.A suggestion for future studies.
“ ” ?
A.Calming. B.Disturbing. B.A possible reason for the study findings.
C.Refreshing. D.Challenging. C.A major limitation of the study.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text D.An explanation of the research method.
?
A.Artists􀆳 Opinions on Plastic Safety 答案
B.Media Interest in Contemporary Art 1.B 2.C 3.B
C.Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies Passage5 (2020课标全国Ⅰ,D) 351 学生用书P165
D.Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures
The connection between peopleandplantshaslongbeenthe
答案
subject of scientific research. Recent studies have found positive
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D
effects. A study conducted in Youngstown Ohio for example
, , ,
Passage4 (2021浙江,C) 334 学生用书P164 discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.
In another employees were shown to be % more productive
If you ever get the impression that your dog can tell , 15
“ ” when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
whether you look content or annoyed you may be onto
, The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
something. Dogs may indeed be able to distinguish between
MIT have taken it a step further changing the actual
happy and angry human faces according to a new study. ( ) —
, composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse
Researchers trained a group of dogs to distinguish ,
11 even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors
between images 图像 ofthesamepersonmakingeitherahappy
( ) printed onto their leavesto showwhen they􀆳re short of water and
or an angry face. During the training stage each dog wasshown
, a plantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater. We􀆳re
“
only the upper half or the lower half of the person􀆳s face. The
thinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsof
researchers then tested the dogs􀆳 ability to distinguish between
the things that we use every day explained Michael Strano a
,” ,
human facial expressions by showing them the other half of the
professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
person􀆳s face or images totally different from the ones used in
One of his latest projects has been to make plants glow 发
(
training. Theresearchersfoundthatthedogswereabletopickthe
光 inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables. Strano􀆳steam
)
angry or happy face by touching a picture of it with their noses found that they could create a faint light for three⁃and⁃a⁃half
more often than one would expect by random chance. hours. The light about one⁃thousandth of the amount needed to
,
The study showed the animals had figured out how to apply read by is just a start. The technology Strano said could one
, , ,
what they learnedabouthumanfacesduringtrainingtonewfaces day be used to light the rooms or even to turn trees into self⁃
in the testing stage. We can rule out that the dogs simply powered street lamps.
“
distinguish between the pictures based on a simple cue such as
In the future the team hopes to develop a version of the
,
,
the sight of teeth said study author Corsin Müller. Instead our
technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one⁃off
,” “ ,
resultssuggestthatthesuccessfuldogsrealizedthatasmilingmouth
treatment that would last the plant􀆳s lifetime. The engineers are
meansthesamethingassmilingeyes and the same rule applies to
also trying to develop an on and off switch where the glow
,
“ ”
anangrymouthhavingthesamemeaningasangryeyes.
” would fade when exposed to daylight.
With ourstudy wethinkwecannowconfidentlyconclude
“ , Lighting accounts for about % of the total electricity
that at least some dogs can distinguish human facial 7
consumed in the US. Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthe
expressions Müller told Live Science.
,” power source 电源 such asthedistancefromapowerplantto
At this point it is not clear why dogs seem to be equipped ( )—
, street lamps on a remote highway a lot of energy is lost during
with the ability to recognize different facial expressions in —
transmission 传输 . Glowing plants could reduce this distance
humans. To us the most likely explanation appears to be that ( )
“ , and therefore help save energy. 专
the basisliesin their living with humans which givesthem a lot
, 1.What is the first paragraph mainly about 题
of exposure to human facial expressions and this exposure has ? 八
,” A.A new study of different plants.
provided them with many chancesto learn to distinguish between
B.A big fall in crime rates. 主
them Müller said. 旨
, C.Employees from various workplaces. 要
D.Benefits from green plants. 义
6 9
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋2.What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by D.Child⁃parent relationship.
MIT engineers 3.How do boys differ from girls in puzzle play
? ?
A.To detect plants􀆳 lack of water. A.They play with puzzles more often.
B.To change compositions of plants. B.They tend to talk less during the game.
C.To make the life of plants longer. C.They prefer to use more spatial language.
D.To test chemicals in plants. D.They are likely to play with tougher puzzles.
3.What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future 4.What is the text mainly about
? ?
A.They will speed up energy production. A.A mathematical method.
B.They may transmit electricity to the home. B.A scientific study.
C.Theymight helpreduceenergyconsumption. C.A woman psychologist.
D.They could take the place of power plants. D.A teaching program.
4.Which of the following can be the best title for the text 答案
?
A.Can we grow more glowing plants 1.B 2.C 3.D 4.B
?
B.How do we live with glowing plants
? Passage7 (2020浙江,C) 329 学生用书P167
C.Could glowing plants replace lamps
?
D.How are glowing plants made pollution⁃free Challenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking
? ,
答案 planning and other managerial skills might help your brain stay
1.D 2.A 3.C 4.C sharp as you age a study published Wednesday in the journal
,
Neurology suggests.
Passage6 (2020课标全国Ⅱ,B) 261 学生用书P166
Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany
Some parents will buy any high⁃tech toy if they think it will gathered more than retired workers who were over age
1,000 75
help their child but researchers said puzzles help children with andassessedthevolunteers􀆳memoryandthinkingskillsthrougha
,
math⁃related skills. battery of tests. Then for eight years the scientists asked the
, ,
Psychologist Susan Levine an expert on mathematics same group to come back to the lab every months to take the
, 18
development in young children at the University of Chicago same sorts of tests.
,
found children who play with puzzles between ages and later Those who had held mentally stimulating 刺 激
2 4 ( ),
develop better spatial skills. Puzzle play was found to be a demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the
significant predictor of cognition 认知 after controlling for tests. Andtheytendedtolosecognitive 认知 functionatamuch
( ) ( )
differences in parents􀆳 income education and the amount of slower rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs.
,
parent talk Levine said. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the
,
The researchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof child⁃parent participants􀆳 overall health status.
53
pairs during everyday activities at home and found children who This works just like physical exercise says Francisca
“ ,”
play with puzzles between and months of age have better Then who led the study. After a long run you may feel like
26 46 , “ ,
spatial skills when assessed at months of age. you􀆳re in pain you may feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a
54 ,
The children who played with puzzles performed better long day at work sure you will feel tired but it can help your
“ — , ,
than those who did not on tasks that assessed their ability to brain stay healthy.
, ”
rotate 旋转 and translate shapes Levine said in a statement. It􀆳s not just corporate jobs or even paid work that can help
( ) ,” ,
The parents wereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenasthey keep your brain fit Then points out. A waiter􀆳s job for
, ,
normally would and about half of the children in the study example that requires multitasking teamwork and decision⁃
, , ,
played withpuzzlesatonetime. Higher⁃incomeparentstendedto makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh⁃levelofficework.
have children play with puzzles more frequently and both boys And running a family household requires high⁃level planning
, “
and girls who played with puzzles had better spatial skills. and coordinating 协调 she says. You have to organize the
( ),” “
However boys tended to play with more complex puzzles than activities ofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.
, ”
girls and the parents of boys provided more spatial language and Of course our brains can decline as we grow older for lots
, ,
weremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythantheparentsof girls. of reasons including other environmental influences or genetic
年 —
The findings were published in the journal Developmental factors. Still continuing to challenge yourself mentally and
高 ,
考 Science. keeping your mind busy can only help.
1.In which aspect do children benefit from puzzle play 1.Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests
年 ? ?
模 A.Building confidence. A.To assess their health status.
拟 B.Developing spatial skills. B.To evaluate their work habits.
C.Learning self⁃control. C.To analyze their personality.
D.Gaining high⁃tech knowledge. D.To measure their mental ability.
2.What did Levine take into consideration when designing her 2.How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph
︵ 4?
教 experiment A.By using an expert􀆳s words.
?
师
A.Parents􀆳 age. B.By making a comparison.
用
书 B.Children􀆳s imagination. C.By referring to another study.
︶ C.Parents􀆳 education. D.By introducing a concept.
7 0
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋3.Which of the following is the best title for the text 3.What did Dr. Prinstein􀆳s study find about the most liked kids
? ?
A.Retired Workers Can Pick Up New Skills A.They appeared to be aggressive.
B.Old People Should Take Challenging Jobs B.They tended to be more adaptable.
C.Your ToughJobMight HelpKeepYouSharp C.They enjoyed the highest status.
D.CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge D.They performed well academically.
答案 4.What is the best title for the text
?
1.D 2.B 3.C A.Be Nice You Won􀆳t Finish Last
—
B.The Higher the Status the Better
Passage8 (2019课标全国Ⅰ,D) 370 学生用书P168 ,
C.Be the Best You Can Make It
—
During the rosy years of elementary school 小学 I D.More Self⁃Control Less Aggressiveness
( ), ,
enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes which allowed me to keep 答案
,
my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then 1.C 2.A 3.B 4.A
came my tweens and teens , and mean girls and cool kids. They Passage9 (2019课标全国Ⅱ,C) 348 学生用书P169
roseintheranksnotbybeingfriendlybutbysmokingcigarettes
,
Marian Bechtel sitsatWestPalmBeach􀆳sBarLouiecounter
breaking rules and playing jokes on others among whom I soon
,
by herself quietly reading her e⁃book as she waits for her salad.
found myself.
,
What isshereading Noneofyourbusiness LunchisBechtel􀆳s
Popularity is a well⁃explored subject in social psychology.
? !
me time. And like more Americans she􀆳s not alone.
Mitch Prinstein a professor of clinical psychology sorts the
“ ” ,
,
popular into two categories the likable and the status seekers. A new report found percent of meals are eaten alone in
: 46
The likables􀆳 plays⁃well⁃with⁃others qualities strengthen America. More than half percent have breakfast alone and
(53 )
schoolyard friendships jump⁃start interpersonal skills and when nearly half percent have lunch by themselves. Only at
, , (46 )
tapped early are employed ever after in life and work. Then dinnertime are we eating together anymore percent
, , 74 ,
there􀆳s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence status according to statistics from the report.
:
born of power and even dishonorable behavior. I prefer to go out and be out. Alone but together you
“ , ,
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed Dr. Prinstein􀆳s know Bechtel said looking up from her book. Bechtel who
, ?” , ,
studiesshowunpleasantconsequences.Thosewhowerehighestin works in downtown West Palm Beach haslunch with coworkers
,
status in high school as well as those least liked in elementary sometimes but like many of us too often works through lunch
, , ,
school are mostlikelytoengage 从事 indangerousandrisky at her desk. A lunchtime escape allows her to keep a boss from
, “ ( )
behavior. tapping her on the shoulder. She returns to work feeling
”
In one study Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of energized. Today Ijustwantedsometimetomyself shesaid.
, “ , ,”
popularity in adolescents scoring the least liked the most Just two seats over Andrew Mazoleny a local
235 , , , ,
liked and the highest in status based on student surveys 调查研 videographer is finishing his lunch at the bar. He likes that he
( ,
究 . We found that the least well⁃liked teens had become more can sit and check his phone in peace or chat up the barkeeper
) “
aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those with whom he􀆳s on a first⁃name basis if he wants to have a little
who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability interaction 交流 . I reflect on how my day􀆳s gone and think
( ) “
can lead to healthy adjustment high status has just the opposite about the rest of the week he said. It􀆳s a chance for self⁃
, ,” “
effect on us. reflection. You return to work recharged and with a plan.
” ”
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the That freedomtochooseisonereasonmorepeopleliketoeat
neighbors want you on a play date sharing kindness alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward
— , ,
openness carry over to later years and make you better able to about asking for a table for one but those days are over. Now
— , ,
relate and connect with others. we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. It
“
In analyzing his and other research Dr. Prinstein came to doesn􀆳t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in
,
another conclusion Not only is likability related to positive life technology said Laurie Demeritt whose company provided the
: ,” ,
outcomes but it is also responsible for those outcomes too. statistics for the report.
, ,
Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for newkinds 1.What are the statistics in paragraph about
“ 2 ?
of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage he A.Food variety. B.Eating habits.
,”
said. C.Table manners. D.Restaurant service.
1.Whatsortofgirlwastheauthorinherearlyyearsofelementary 2.Why does Bechtel prefer to go out for lunch
?
school A.To meet with her coworkers.
?
A.Unkind. B.Lonely. B.To catch up with her work.
C.Generous. D.Cool. C.To have some time on her own.
2.What is the second paragraph mainly about D.To collect data for her report.
? 专
A.The classification of the popular. 3.What do we know about Mazoleny 题
B.The characteristics of adolescents. A.He makes videos for the bar. ? 八
C.The importance of interpersonal skills. B.He􀆳s fond of the food at the bar. 主
D.The causes of dishonorable behavior. C.He interviews customers at the bar. 旨
要
D.He􀆳s familiar with the barkeeper. 义
7 1
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋4.What is the text mainly about D.Dampness of the air.
?
A.The trend of having meals alone. 4.What can be a suitable title for the text
?
B.The importance of self⁃reflection. A.California􀆳s Forests Where Have All the Big Trees Gone
: ?
C.The stress from working overtime. B.Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
D.The advantage of wireless technology. C.Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests
?
答案 D.Patrick McIntyre Grow More Big Trees in California
:
1.B 2.C 3.D 4.A 答案
Passage 10 (2019浙江,C) 305 学生用书P170 1.A 2.D 3.C 4.A
Passage 11 (2019北京,C) 466 学生用书P171
California has lost half its big trees since the s
1930 ,
according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change Theproblemofrobocallshasgottensobadthatmanypeople
seems to be a major factor 因素 . now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don􀆳t know. By
( )
The number of treeslarger than two feet acrosshasdeclined next year half of thecallswereceivewillbescams 欺诈 . We
, ( )
by percent on more than square miles of California are finallywakinguptotheseverityoftheproblembysupporting
50 46,000
forests the new study finds. No area was spared or unaffected and developingagroupoftools appsandapproachesintendedto
, , ,
from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to prevent scammers from getting through. Unfortunately it􀆳s too
,
the San Gabriels above Los Angeles. In the Sierra high country little toolate. Bythetimethese solutions 解决方案 become
, , “ ”( )
the number of big trees has fallen by more than percent in widely available scammers will have moved onto cleverer
55 ; ,
parts of southern California the decline was nearly percent. means. In the near future it􀆳s not just going to be the number
75 ,
Manyfactors contributed to the decline said Patrick McIntyre you see on your screen that will be in doubt. Soon you will also
, ,
an ecologist who was the lead author of the study. Woodcutters question whether the voice you􀆳re hearing is actually real.
targeted big trees. Housing development pushed into the woods. That􀆳s because there are a number of powerful voice
Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with manipulation 处理 and automation technologies that are about to
( )
smalltreesthatcompetewithbigtreesforresources 资源 . become widely available for anyone to use. At this year􀆳s I/O
( )
But in comparing a study of California forests done in the Conference a company showed a new voice technology able to
,
s and s with another one between and producesuchaconvincinghuman⁃soundingvoicethatitwasableto
1920 1930 2001 2010,
McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of speaktoareceptionist andbookareservationwithout detection.
big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from These developments are likely to make our current problems
woodcutting or development. withrobocallsmuchworse.Thereasonthatrobocallsareaheadache
The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had haslesstodowithamountthanprecision.Adecadeofdatabreaches
suffered the greatest water shortage. The researchers figured out 数据侵入 of personal information has led to a situation where
( )
water stress with a computer model that calculated how much scammers can easily learn your mother􀆳s name and far more.
,
water trees were getting in comparison with how much they Armedwith this knowledge they􀆳re able to carry out individually
,
needed taking into account such things as rainfall air targeted campaignstocheatpeople.Thismeans forexample thata
, , , ,
temperature dampness of soil and the timing of snowmelt 融 scammercouldcallyoufromwhatlookstobeafamiliarnumberand
, , (
雪 . talktoyouusingavoicethatsoundsexactlylikeyourbankteller􀆳s
) ,
Since the s McIntyre said the biggest factors driving tricking you into confirming your address mother􀆳s name and
1930 , , “ ” , ,
up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures which card number. Scammers follow money so companies will be the
, ,
cause trees to lose more water to the air and earlier snowmelt worsthit.Alotofbusinessisstilldoneoverthephone andmuchof
, , ,
which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry it is based on trust and existing relationships. Voice manipulation
season. technologiesmayweakenthat gradually.
1.What isthesecondparagraphmainlyabout We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom
?
A.Theseriousnessof big⁃treelossinCalifornia. networks. Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to
B.Theincreasingvarietyof Californiabigtrees. find ways of determining and communicating what is real. That
C.The distribution of big trees in California forests. might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and
年
D.The influence of farming on big trees in California. images showing when and who they were made by or
高 , ,
考 2.Which of the following is well⁃intentioned but may be bad for abandoning phonecallsaltogetherandmovingtowardsdata⁃based
big trees communications usingappslikeFaceTimeorWhatsApp which
年 ? — ,
A.Ecological studies of forests. can be tied to your identity.
模
拟 B.Banning woodcutting. Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose and the problem
,
C.Limiting housing development. is only going to get harder from here on out.
D.Fire control measures. 1.How does the author feel about the solutions to the problem of
3.What is a major cause of the water shortage according to robocalls
︵ ?
教 McIntyre A.Panicked. B.Confused.
?
师
A.Inadequate snowmelt. C.Embarrassed. D.Disappointed.
用
书 B.A longer dry season. 2. Taking advantage of the new technologies scammers
,
︶ C.A warmer climate. can .
7 2
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋A.aim at victims precisely B.damage databases easily D.Introduce a new topic for discussion.
C.start campaigns rapidly D.spread information widely 4.What can be a suitable title for the text
?
3.What does the passage imply A.Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
?
A.Honesty is the best policy. B.Balancing Our Daily Diet
B.Technologies can be double⁃edged. C.Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
C.There are more solutions than problems. D.Cooking Well for Less
D.Credibility holds the key to development. 答案
4.Which of the following would be the best title for the 1.B 2.C 3.C 4.D
passage
? Passage 13 (2018课标全国Ⅱ,C) 294 学生用书P173
A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B.WhoIstoBlamefortheProblemofRobocalls Teens and younger children are reading a lot less for fun
,
C.WhyRobocallsAreAbout toGet MoreDangerous according to a Common Sense Media report published Monday.
D.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology While the decline over the past decade is steep for teen
答案 readers somedatainthereportshowsthatreadingremainsabig
,
1.D 2.A 3.B 4.C part of many children􀆳s lives and indicates how parents might
,
help encourage more reading.
Passage 12 (2018课标全国Ⅰ,B) 264 学生用书P172
According to the report􀆳s key findings the proportion 比
, “ (
Good Morning Britain􀆳s Susanna Reid is used to grilling 例 who say they hardly ever read for fun has gone from
) ‘ ’ 8
guests on the sofa every morning but she is cooking up a storm percent of ⁃year⁃olds and percent of ⁃year⁃olds in to
, 13 9 17 1984
in her latest role showing families how to prepare delicious and percent and percent respectively today.
— 22 27 ”
nutritious meals on a tight budget. The report data shows that pleasure reading levels for
InSave Money Good Food she visits a different home each younger children ages remain largely the same. But the
: , , 2—8,
weekandwiththehelpof chef Matt Tebbutt offerstoptipson how amount of time spent in reading each session has declined from
,
to reduce food waste while preparing recipes for under £ per closer to an hour or more to closer to a half hour per session.
, 5
familya day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she􀆳s When it comes to technology and reading the report does
,
been able to put a lot of what she􀆳s learnt into practice in her own little to counsel 建议 parents looking for data about the effect
( )
home preparingmealsfor sons Sam Finn andJack . of e⁃readers and tablets on reading. It does point out that many
, , ,14, ,13, ,11
We love Mexican churros so I buy them on my phone parents still limit electronic reading mainly due to concerns
“ , ,
from mylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant sheexplains. Ipay about increased screen time.
,” “
£ foraportion 一份 butMattmakesthemfor paportion The most hopeful data shared in the report shows clear
5 ( ), 26 ,
because they are flour water sugar and oil. Everybody can buy evidence of parents serving as examples and important guidesfor
, ,
takeaway food but sometimes we􀆳re not aware how cheaply we their kids when it comes to reading. Data shows that kids and
,
can make this food ourselves. teens who do read frequently compared to infrequent readers
” , ,
The eight⁃part series 系列节目 Save Money Good have more books in the home more books purchased for them
( ), : , ,
Food follows in the footsteps of ITV􀆳s Save Money Good parents who read more often and parents who set aside time for
, : ,
Health which gave viewersadvice on howto get value from the them to read.
,
vast range of health products on the market. As the end of school approaches and school vacation
,
With food our biggest weekly household expense Susanna reading lists loom 逼近 ahead parents might take this chance
, ( ) ,
and Matt spend time with a different family each week. In to step in and make their own summer reading list and plan a
tonight􀆳s Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need family trip to the library or bookstore.
of some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms 1.What is the Common Sense Media report probably about
?
the family􀆳s long weekend of celebration with less expensive but A.Children􀆳s reading habits.
still tasty recipes. B.Quality of children􀆳s books.
1.What do we know about Susanna Reid C.Children􀆳s after⁃class activities.
?
A.She enjoys embarrassing her guests. D.Parent⁃child relationships.
B.She has started a new programme. 2.Where can you find the data that best supports children are
“
C.She dislikes working early in the morning. reading a lot less for fun
”?
D.She has had a tight budget for her family. A.In paragraph .
2
2.How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna B.In paragraph .
? 3
A.He buys cooking materials for her. C.In paragraph .
4
B.He prepares food for her kids. D.In paragraph .
5
C.He assists her in cooking matters. 3.Why do many parents limit electronic reading ? 专
D.He invites guest families for her. A.E⁃books are of poor quality. 题
3.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph B.It could be a waste of time. 八
4?
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs. C.It may harm children􀆳s health. 主
B.Provide some advice for the readers. D.E⁃readers are expensive. 旨
要
C.Add some background information. 义
7 3
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋4.How should parents encourage their children to read more B.It raises people􀆳s confidence.
?
A.Act as role models for them. C.It matters as much as a formal talk.
B.Ask them to write book reports. D.It makes people feel good.
C.Set up reading groups for them. 4.What is the best title for the text
?
D.Talk with their reading class teachers. A.Conversation Counts
答案 B.Ways of Making Small Talk
1.A 2.B 3.C 4.A C.Benefits of Small Talk
Passage 14 (2018课标全国Ⅱ,D) 312 学生用书P174 D.Uncomfortable Silence
答案
We􀆳ve all been there in a lift in line at the bank or on an
: , 1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C
airplane surroundedbypeoplewhoare likeus deeplyfocusedon
, , , Passage 15 (2018浙江,B) 279 学生用书P175
their smartphones or worse struggling with the uncomfortable
, ,
silence. Steven Steinlikestofollowgarbagetrucks. Hisstrangehabit
What􀆳s the problem It􀆳s possible that we all have makes sense when you consider that he􀆳s an environmental
?
compromised conversational intelligence. It􀆳s more likely that scientist who studies how to reduce litter including things that
,
none of us start a conversation because it􀆳s awkward and fall off garbage trucksasthey drive down the road. What iseven
challenging or we think it􀆳s annoying and unnecessary. But the more interesting is that one of Stein􀆳s jobs is defending an
,
next time you find yourself among strangers consider that small industry behind the plastic shopping bag.
,
talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it􀆳s an invaluable social Americans use more than billion thin film plastic bags
100
practice that results in big benefits. every year. So many end up in tree branches or along highways
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy but we can􀆳t that agrowingnumberofcitiesdonotallowthematcheckouts 收
, (
forget that deep relationshipswouldn􀆳t even exist if it weren􀆳t for 银台 . The bags are prohibited in some cities in California
) 90 ,
casual conversation. Small talk is the grease 润滑剂 for social including Los Angeles. Eyeing these headwinds plastic⁃bag
( ) ,
communication says BernardoCarducci directoroftheShyness makersare hiring scientists like Stein to make the case that their
, ,
Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. Almost every productsare not asbad for the planet asmost people assume.
“
great love story and each big business deal begins with small Among the bag makers􀆳 arguments many cities with bans
:
talk he explains. The key to successful small talk is learning still allow shoppers to purchase paper bags which are easily
,” “ ,
how to connect with others not just communicate with them. recycled but require more energy to produce and transport. And
, ”
In a study Elizabeth Dunn associate professor of while plastic bags may be ugly to look at they represent a small
2014 , , ,
psychology at UBC invited people on their way into a coffee percentage of all garbage on the ground today.
,
shop. One group wasasked to seek out an interaction 互动 with The industry has also taken aim at the product that has
( )
its waiter the other to speak only when necessary. The results appeared asitsreplacement reusableshoppingbags. Thestronger
; , :
a reusable bag is the longer its life and the more plastic⁃bag use
showed that those who chatted with their server reported
,
it cancels out. However longer⁃lasting reusable bags often
significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop ,
require more energy to make. One study found that a cotton bag
experience. It􀆳snot that talking tothewaiterisbetterthantalking
“ must be used at least times to be better for the planet than
toyour husband saysDunn. But interactionswith peripheral 边 131
,” “ ( plastic.
缘的 members of our social network matter for our well⁃being
) Environmentalists don􀆳t dispute 质疑 these points. They
also. ( )
” hope paper bags will be banned someday too and want shoppers
Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a
to use the same reusable bags for years.
significantly greater sense of belonging a bond with others.
, 1.What has Steven Stein been hired to do
Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts ?
A.Help increase grocery sales.
with small talk. Small talk is the basis of good manners he
“ ,” B.Recycle the waste material.
says.
C.Stop things falling off trucks.
1.What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph
? D.Argue for the use of plastic bags.
年 A.Addiction to smartphones.
高 2.What does the word headwinds in paragraph refer to
B.Inappropriate behaviours in public places. “ ” 2 ?
考 A.Bans on plastic bags.
C.Absenceof communicationbetweenstrangers.
B.Effects of city development.
年
D.Impatience with slow service.
模 C.Headaches caused by garbage.
拟 2.What is important for successful small talk according to D.Plastic bags hung in trees.
Carducci 3.What is a disadvantage of reusable bags according to plastic⁃
?
A.Showing good manners. bag makers
?
B.Relating to other people. A.They are quite expensive.
︵
教 C.Focusing on a topic. B.Replacing them can be difficult.
师 D.Making business deals. C.They are less strong than plastic bags.
用
书 3.What does the coffee⁃shop study suggest about small talk D.Producing them requires more energy.
?
︶ A.It improves family relationships.
7 4
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋4.What is the best title for the text Jennifer DeBruyn a microbiologist at the University of
? ,
A.Plastic Paper or Neither Tennessee whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy saysitisnotsurprising
, , ,
B.Industry Pollution and Environment that such worms can break down polyethylene. But compared with
,
C.Recycle or Throw Away previousstudies she finds the speed of breaking down in this one
,
D.Garbage Collection and Waste Control exciting.Thenextstep DeBruynsays willbetoidentifythecauseof
, ,
答案 thebreakdown.Isitanenzymeproducedbythewormitselforbyitsgut
1.D 2.A 3.D 4.A microbes 肠道微生物
( )?
Bertocchini agrees and hopes her team􀆳s findings might one
Passage 16 (2018北京,C) 345 学生用书P176
day help employ the enzyme to break down plastics in landfills.
Plastic⁃Eating Worms But she expects using the chemical in some kind of industrial
Humans produce more than process not simply millions of worms thrown on top of the
300 — “
million tons of plastic every year. plastic.
”
Almost half of that winds up in landfills 1.What canwelearnabout thewormsinthestudy
?
垃圾填埋场 and up to million A.They take plastics as their everyday food.
( ), 12
tons pollute the oceans. So far there is B.They are newly evolved creatures.
no effective way to get rid of it but a new study suggests an C.They can consume plastics.
,
answer may lie in the stomachs of some hungry worms. D.They wind up in landfills.
Researchers in Spain and England recently found that the 2.According to Jennifer DeBruyn the next step of the study is
,
worms of the greater wax moth can break down polyethylene to .
,
whichaccountsfor % ofplastics.Theteamleft waxworms A.identify other means of the breakdown
40 100
onacommercialpolyethyleneshoppingbagfor hours andthe B.find out the source of the enzyme
12 ,
worms consumedandbrokedownabout milligrams oralmost C.confirm the research findings
92 ,
% of it. To confirm that the worms􀆳 chewing alone was not D.increase the breakdown speed
3
responsibleforthepolyethylenebreakdown theresearchersmade 3.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the chemical
,
somewormsintopaste 糊状物 andappliedittoplasticfilms. might .
( ) 14
hours later the films had lost % of their mass apparently A.help to raise worms
13 —
broken down by enzymes 酶 from the worms􀆳 stomachs. Their B.help make plastic bags
( )
findings were published in Current Biology in . C.be used to clean the oceans
2017
Federica Bertocchini co⁃author of the study says the D.be produced in factories in future
, ,
worms􀆳 ability to break down their everyday food beeswax 4.What is the main purpose of the passage
— — ?
also allows them to break down plastic. Wax is a complex A.To explain a study method on worms.
“
mixture but the basic bond in polyethylene the carbon⁃carbon B.To introduce the diet of a special worm.
, ,
bond is there as well she explains. The wax worm evolved a C.To present a way to break down plastics.
, ,” “
method or system to break this bond. D.To propose new means to keep eco⁃balance.
”
答案
1.C 2.B 3.D 4.C
专
题
八
主
旨
要
义
7 5
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
三年 考点基础练 五年 考点式编排 三年 考点基础练
模拟 综合提升练 高考 题组式训练 模拟 综合提升练
2020—2022
A组 考点基础题组
Passage1 (2022福建厦门二检,B) 学生用书P177 Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense
Chinese pioneers of slow journeys.
I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province on the Ancient Tea
, I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan.
Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul
On September we set out. Our days were simple
Salopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet I 28, 2021, :
, walk eat sleep and repeat. We woke up at sunrise set off in
was blown away. I couldn􀆳t imagine that there could be such an , , , ,
high spirits and rested at sunset dragging ourselves into
unusual person in the world. , ,
exhausted sleep.
Last May ImetPaul.Hetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimein
, We met many people on the road. Some were curious
China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history ,
, surrounding us and watching us some gave us directions some
migrations and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of ; ;
, invitedusintotheirhometotakearest somespokeofthecharmof
the Silk Road the travels of the th⁃century Chinese explorer ;
, 17 their hometown. We met many beautiful souls simple souls and
Xu Xiake the Ancient Tea Horse Road and the early th⁃ ,
, 20 warmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithour minds.
century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋Together we were impressed by the biodiversity of the their consequences we start to feel more in control and less
, ,
Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through the threatened. We get out of the automatic stimulus⁃response mode
mountains I seemed to hear the voices of past travelers urging me and realize that we have choices.
,
tobecareful ontheroad. There is a quote from Viktor E. Frankl that goes like this
:
Looking back on the more than miles I walked with Between stimulus and response there is a space. In that space...
200 “
Paul I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake is only a lies our growth and our freedom.
, ”
small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper 1.What􀆳s the author􀆳s attitude towards anger
?
reward is rediscovering the world around us shortening the A.Favorable. B.Neutral.
,
distance between each other and sharing each other􀆳s cultures. C.Doubtful. D.Negative.
,
1.How did the writer first respond to Paul􀆳s travel plan 2.What can we know about anger
? ?
A.Scared. B.Puzzled. A.It reflects one􀆳s intense feeling.
C.Disappointed. D.Surprised. B.It refers to a minor emotion.
2.What can we learn about Paul Salopek from paragraph C.It can identify emotional need.
2?
A.He was a western journalist. D.It surely causes a violent reaction.
B.He had a knowledge of China. 3.What does Paragraph4 mainly deal with
?
C.He came to China several times. A.What questions we ask about anger.
D.He was Joseph Rock􀆳s acquaintance. B.How we respond to anger.
3.What does paragraph 4 mainly tell us about the writer and C.How we develop growth and freedom.
Paul D.When we consider the consequence.
?
A.They honored the ancestors. 4.What is the text mainly about
?
B.They set off in high spirits. A.Ways to know about anger.
C.They satisfied the locals􀆳 curiosity. B.Reasons to arouse anger.
D.They built bonds with people. C.Managing anger in a good way.
4.What is the main purpose of the writer􀆳s writing the text D.Calming anger at the right time.
?
A.To share and reflect on a journey. 答案
B.To suggest a new way of travel. 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.C
C.To advocate protection of biodiversity.
Passage3 (2022广东深圳二调,C) 学生用书P179
D.To introduce and promote Chinese culture.
答案 Endangered polar bears are breeding 繁殖 with grizzly
( )
1.D 2.B 3.D 4.A bears 灰熊 creating pizzly bears whichisbeingdrivenby
( ), “ ” ,
climate change scientists say.
Passage2 (2022重庆第一次联合诊断,D) 学生用书P178 Asthe wo , rld warms and Arctic sea ice thins starving polar
,
Nature has developed the emotional state we call anger to bears arebeingforcedeverfurthersouth wheretheymeetgrizzlies
, ,
help us stay alive. Anger energizes us to prepare us for action. It whose ranges are expanding northwards. And with that growing
can be used either in productive ways or just the opposite. When contact betweenthetwocomeincreasinghybrids 杂交种 .
( )
we feel energized by anger we might ask ourselves how we put With characteristicsthatcouldgivethehybridsanadvantage
,
this energy to the most productive use. in warming northern habitats some scientists guess that they
,
Perhaps the most helpful thing to remember about anger is could be here to stay. Usually hybrids aren􀆳t better suited to
“ ,
that it is a secondary emotion. A primary feeling is what is felt their environments than their parents but these hybrids are able
,
immediately before we feel angry. We might first feel afraid to search for a broader range of food sources Larisa DeSantis
, ,” ,
attacked offended trapped or disrespected. If any of these an associate professor of biological sciences at Vanderbilt
, , ,
feelings are intense enough we think of the emotion as anger. University told Live Science.
, ,
Generally speaking secondary feelingsdo not identify the unmet The riseof pizzly bearsappearswithpolarbears􀆳decline
, “ ” :
emotional need. When all I can say is I feel angry neither I Their numbersareestimatedtodecreasebymorethan % inthe
“ ”, 30
nor anyone elseknowswhatwouldhelpmefeelbetter. Ahelpful next years. This sudden fall is linked partly to pizzly bears
年 30 “ ”
technique then is to always identify the primary emotion. taking up polar bears􀆳 ranges where they outcompete them but
高 , , , ,
考 Assume someone wants us to do something we prefer not to also to polar bears􀆳 highly specialized diets.
do. At first we feel a little pressured but not enough to get Polar bears mainly consumed soft foods even during the
年 , , “
模 angry. When they keep pushing us , we begin to get irritated. If Medieval Warm Period , a previous period of rapid warming ,”
拟 they continue we get angry. Such anger damages relationships. DeSantis said referring to fat mealssuch asseals. Although all
, , “
If we feel angry it is evident that we feel strongly about of these starving polar bears are trying to find alternative food
,
something. Instead of saying I can􀆳t believe how irresponsible sources like seabird eggs it could be a tipping point for their
“ , ,
she is. What a cold⁃hearted evil witch she is. a more survival. Actually the calories they gain from these sources do
︵ , ”, ” ,
教 productive response is Am I really upset by this Why does it not balance out those they burn from searching for them. This
: “ ?
师
bother me so much What specifically am I feeling From the could resultinahabitatreadyforthehybridstomoveinandtake
用 ? ?”
书 answers we can decide to pick the best one to calm the anger. over leading to a loss in biodiversity if polar bearsare replaced.
, ,
︶ As soon aswe upshift andbegintothinkaboutouroptionsand We􀆳re having massive impacts with climate change on
“ ” “
7 6
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋species DeSantis said. The polar bear is telling us how bad B.Kona wanted to play on the ice.
,” “
things are. In some sense pizzly bears could be a sad but C.A gunshot frightened Kona into doing it.
, ‘ ’
necessary compromise given current warming trends. D.A flock of geese excited Kona􀆳s curiosity.
”
1.Why do polar bears move further south 2.What is Kona􀆳s owner
? ?
A.To create hybrids. B.To expand territory. A.A rescuer. B.A policeman.
C.To relieve hunger. D.To contact grizzlies. C.A writer. D.A photographer.
2.What makes pizzly bearsadapttonaturalsurroundingsbetter 3.Which of the following can best describe Officer Smith
“ ” ?
than their parents A.Strong and skilled.
?
A.Broader habitats. B.More food options. B.Brave and selfless.
C.Climate preference. D.Improved breeding ability. C.Successful and hopeful.
3.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase atippingpoint inparagraph D.Outgoing and generous.
“ ”
refer to 4.What􀆳s the best title of the text
5 ? ?
A.A rare chance. B.A critical stage. A.A Policeman Rescued a Dog Struggling in a Frozen Lake
C.A positive factor. D.A constant change. B.Lewiston Police Department Received an Unusual Email
4.What􀆳s the main idea of the text C.A Story Between a Dog and Geese
?
A.Polar bears are changing diets for climate change. D.The Act of Selfish Heroism
B.Polar bears have already adjusted to climate change. 答案
C. Pizzly bears are on the rise because of global warming. 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A
“ ”
D. Pizzly bearshavereplacedpolarbearsforglobalwarming.
“ ” Passage5 (2021江苏南通模拟,B) 学生用书P181
答案
I remember doing the household chores to help my mother
1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C
when I was nine. I hated changing the vacuum cleaner 真空吸
(
Passage4 (2022福建4月联合测评,B) 学生用书P180 尘器 bag and picking up things the machine did not suck up.
)
Twenty yearslater in withthislifelongdislikeoftheway
Officer Jonathan Smith was called to Bond Lake near , 1978,
, 30, the machine worked I decided to make a bagless one.
Lewiston New York after receiving reports of a little dog that ,
, , Easiersaidthandone ofcourse.Ididn􀆳trealizethatIwould
had fallen into the lake about yards from the shore. In this ,
50
spend the next five years perfecting my design a process that
heart⁃in⁃mouth footage 镜头 captured by a fellow officer􀆳s ,
( )
resulted in different prototypes 样机 . By the time I
bodycam 随身摄像头 thebravepoliceofficerthrewoffsome
5,127 ( )
( ),
made my th prototype my third child was born. By
equipment beforedashingoutontotheicewithoutanycautionfor
15 , 2,627,
my wife and I were really counting our pennies. By my
his own safety.
3,727,
wife was giving art lessons for some extra cash and we were
The owner had been walking the ⁃month⁃old dog around
,
10
getting further andfurtherintodebt. Theseweretoughtimes but
the lake on January when Kona spotted a distant flock of geese
,
5
each failure brought me closer to solving the problem.
landing on the water and ran towards them. Horrified Kona􀆳s
,
Intheearly s I started trying to get licensing agreements
owner watched as the dog fell into the freezing water at the edge
1980 ,
for my technology. The reality was very different however. The
of the ice.
,
In anemailtoLewistonPoliceDepartmenttheownerwrote major vacuum makers had built a business model based on the
:
Althoughsheisastrongswimmer therewaszerochanceofher profitsfrombagsandfilters 滤器 .Noonewouldlicensemyidea
“ , ( ) ,
getting back out onto the ice and she began to panic and tire not becauseit was a bad one but because it was bad for business.
,
quickly. Butsoonafter thecompaniesthat I hadtalkedwith started making
” ,
The witness nearby called right away and minutes machineslikemine.I hadtofight legal battles on both sides of the
911 , 15
later Officer Smith and two other officers from the Police Atlantictoprotect thepatentsonmyvacuumcleaner.
Department arrived. Without hesitation or rescue equipment the I was stillinfinancialdifficultiesuntil whenmybank
1993,
officer removed his uniform and gun belt and ran over the ice manager personally persuaded a bank to lend me $ million.
1
towards the exhausted dog. When he got close enough to her Then I was able to go into production. Within two years the
, ,
Officer Smith grabbed the dog and pulled her from the water so Dyson vacuum cleaner became a best⁃seller in Britain.
she was able to run back over the ice to her owner. Today I still embrace risk and the potential for failure as
,
Kona and I and everybody that loves her are extremely part of the process. Nothing beats the excitement of invention.
“
grateful forhisselflessnessandcourage theownerwrote. His 1.What drove the author to make a bagless vacuum cleaner
,” “ ?
professionalism and bravery should be applauded. I have A.His willingness to help Mom.
witnessed countless acts of selfless heroism. Officer Smith􀆳s B.His curiosity about machines.
actions rank high in my book. The owner was an author who C.His trouble in doing family chores.
” ,
has written many books. D.His discontent with existing cleaners. 专
Lewiston Police Department posted the bodycam footage 2.What does paragraph2 mainly tell us 题
? 八
from the rescue on their Facebook page along with the message A.The help from the author􀆳s wife.
,
from Kona􀆳s owner. B.The financial problems of the family. 主
旨
1.Why did the dog Kona run to the lake C.The tough process of the new invention.
? 要
A.The owner asked Kona to do it. D.The procedures of making a bagless cleaner. 义
7 7
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋3. Why did the companies refuse to license the author􀆳s study authors said that including the global cultural value the
,
technology animals would increase the total economic value to $ . billion
? 6 9
A.They thought they might suffer loss. per year or about times the costs of habitat preservation.
— 27
B.They considered it not good enough. The researchers also noted that the investment in the panda
C.They faced legal problems themselves. habitathasimprovedthelivingconditionsoflocalresidents. They
D.They had begun making such machines. pointed out that the annual income in Sichuan Shaanxi and
,
4.What lesson may the author learn from the experience Gansu provinces which have the panda reserves rose by an
? , ,
A.Think twice before acting. average of % from to .Farmers in counties within
56 2000 2010
B.Failure is the mother of success. these provinces that were next to the panda reserves saw their
C.Actions speak louder than words. annual incomes rise by % on average.
64 ,
D.A good beginning makes a good ending. The findings provide a promising example of how
“
答案 conservation efforts can pay off and they could be applied to
,
1.D 2.C 3.A 4.B many other threatened and endangered species the study
,”
Passage6 (2020广东联考,D) 学生用书P182 authors said.
1.Whatdotheunderlinedwords bottomline refertointhefirst
Savingthegiantpandafromextinctionisn􀆳tjustgoodforthe “ ”
paragraph
bears it􀆳s good for the bottom line too a new analysis by an ?
— , A.Moral standard.
international team of scientists shows.
B.Economic profits.
The results published in the journal Current Biology
, , C.Overall development.
highlight the economic benefits that they say go hand in hand
D.Environmental conservation.
with environmental conservation. In order to protect giant
2.Whichisoneoftheresultsofpreservingpandas
pandas thegovernmentmustprotecttheirforests whichprovide ?
, , A.Less farmland.
a hostofoftenunderappreciatedservicesforthecommunitiesthat
B.More foreign trade.
lie in and around them. For example forests allow for the
, C.More forest fires.
growing of crops and the grazing 放牧 of animals store fresh
( ) , D.Better farming conditions.
water and supply firewood lumber 木材 and many useful
, ( ) 3.About how many times do economic values outweigh the costs
plants. They manage storm run⁃off and help prevent erosion 侵
( of preservation
蚀 . ?
) A. . B. . C. . D. .
The pandas themselves also hold enormous cultural value 26 10 4 3
4.What􀆳s the main idea of the passage
that has risen rapidly in recent decadesamong Chinese residents ?
, A.Protecting pandas takes great efforts.
the study also points out. From to the cultural value
“ 1980 2010, B.Panda reserves are a major tourist attraction in China.
of pandas and their reserves almost doubled largely driven by
, C.Conservation of pandas is economically rewarding.
tourism use they said.
,” D.Pandas make great contributions to the environment.
Taking all of these factors into account the scientists
, 答案
calculated a total economic value of approximately $ . billion
2 6 1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C
in in China. Keep in mind the costs of preserving the
2010 ,
panda habitat at current levels come to about$ million. The
255
年
高
考
年
模
拟
︵
教
师
用
书
︶
7 8
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋
B 组 综合提升题组
Passage1 (2022重庆第一次联合诊断,C) 学生用书P183 vehicles and it does so by using a carrot so large that it􀆳s
—
essentially also a stick.
Norway just hit a record in its move to gradually stop using
Electric carsareexempt 免除 fromthe %value⁃addedtax
cars that rely on fossil fuels. ( ) 25
VAT for instance. They􀆳re also exempt from environmental
More than in newcarssoldthereinSeptemberwereeither ( ),
9 10 pollutiontaxesthatbuyersofgasanddieselvehiclesmustpay. The
electric or rechargeable hybrids according to the Norwegian “
, purchase tax for all new cars is calculated by a combination of
Information CouncilforRoadTraffic orOFV.Ofallnewpassenger
, weight CO and NOx emissions the Norwegian Electric Vehicle
carssoldso far in less than % are gas⁃powered. A slightly , 2 ,”
Associationsays. Thetaxisprogressive makingbigcarswithhigh
2021, 5 “ ,
smaller percentage use diesel 柴油 . The sales numbers push emissionsvery expensive. Other sweeteners include a lot of auto⁃ ( ) ”
Norway closer to meeting its national goal of transitioning to an relatedfeesthat arereducedor totallycanceled fromferry rides to
,
entirelyzero⁃emission 零排放的 fleet of new cars by an parking.Andcompaniescangetataxbreakforeachelectricvehicle.
( ) 2025—
initiativethegovernment backswithtaxincentives 激励 . Overall Norway is seeing a rapid increase in passenger cars this
( ) ,
Several factors are driving record numbers of Norwegian year more than % higher than in . With electric car sales
— 35 2020
drivers to choose electricity over gas or diesel power including booming thefutureoftheVATexemptionhasbeenthetopsubject for
, , new technology that has eased customers􀆳 anxiety about electric political debatethisyear aslawmakerslookathowtobolstertaxincome
,
vehicles􀆳 range. But money is a main concern. whilealsosupportingthemoveawayfromfossilfuels.
Norway has long encouraged people to adopt electric 1.What is the main reason for electric vehicles􀆳 leading sales
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋growth A.The turbine is stopped temporarily.
?
A.The VAT exemption. B.The turbine changes the bird􀆳s track.
B.No more auto⁃related fees. C.The turbine kills the approaching bird.
C.Fossil fuel shortage. D.The turbine is out of work permanently.
D.The development of technology. 3.What is Garry George􀆳s attitude towards IdentiFlight
?
2.How does the author illustrate the carrot and stick approach in A.Ambiguous.
the th paragraph B.Reserved.
5 ?
A.By analyzing cause and effect. C.Approving.
B.By giving statistics. D.Unconcerned.
C.By referring to previous findings. 4.What is the suitable title for the text
?
D.By making a comparison. A.AI Keeps Track of Birds
3.What does the underlined word bolster in the last paragraph B.Powerful Tools Save Nature
“ ”
mean C.Climate Change Leads to Bird Deaths
?
A.Calculate. B.Reduce. C.Receive. D.Increase. D.AI Helps Wind Turbines Protect Birds
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text 答案
?
A.Tax⁃freePolicyWorksWell withCar IndustryinNorway 1.A 2.A 3.C 4.D
B.No More Gas⁃powered Cars Allowed to Be Sold in Norway
Passage3 (2022江苏南通基地学校第三次大联考,C)
C. in Cars Sold in Norway Are Electric or
9 10 学生用书P185
Rechargeable Hybrids
D.Almost All Cars Will Go Electric in Norway Right Away African grey parrots can live more than years memorize
50 ,
答案 dozens of words in Englishand ifgiventhechance outperform
, ,
1.A 2.D 3.D 4.C 胜过 a group of Harvard students in the classic shell game.
( )
Griffin a grey parrot is the subject of a recent study
Passage2 (2022辽宁名校联盟3月联考,D) 学生用书P184
published on
,
May in the jo
,
urnal Scientific Reports. Researchers
6
Wind powerisapowerfultoolforreducingcarbonemissions challenged Griffin to a working memory task where he had to
排放 that cause climate change. The turbines 涡轮机 locate a colorful ball hidden under a plastic cup after it was
( ) ( ),
however can be a threat to birds which is why experts are shuffled 改变位置 around a tableseveraltimes. Meanwhile
, , ( ) ,21
looking for ways to limit the danger. Harvard students were given the same task and Griffin matched
—
A company in Boulder Colorado has produced a camera⁃ or outperformed them in of trials.
, 12 14
and⁃AI⁃basedtechnologythatcanrecognizeeaglesandotherbirds Think about it A grey parrot outperforms Harvard
“ :
as they approach in enough time to make turbines pause in their undergrads. That􀆳s really awesome lead study author
,”
flight path. Their tool called IdentiFlight can detect . times HragPailian a postdoctoral fellow at Harvard said. We had
, , 562 , “
more bird flights than human observers alone and with an students concentrating on engineering pre⁃med and he just
, , ,
accuracy rate of percent. Using high⁃precision visual sensors outperformed them.
94 , ”
the system calculates a bird􀆳s speed and flight track and if it is To be fair Griffin is no average parrot. According to the
, ,
on a collision 碰撞 pathwithaturbine asignalissenttoshut study authors the ⁃year⁃old bird has been the subject of
( ) , , 22 “
that turbine down. cognitive and communicative studies since his acquisition from a
Winning an award for its performance in Australia the breeder 饲养员 at . weeks of age.
, ( ) 75 ”
tracking system was built in and was found to cut eagle Griffin􀆳s bird⁃mom Irene Pepperberg a Harvard
2018 , —
deaths at the Cattle Hill Wind Farm by more than four⁃fifths. psychologist and co⁃author of the new paper previously taught
—
Each day signals have shut down their movement an average of the parrot to reproduce some English words and to
, 30
times across the field of turbines for two to three comprehend at least including the names of colors. As such
400 — 48 — 40, ,
minutes each time. Griffin didn􀆳tneedanyspecialcoachingtolearntheshellgame
—
Bird lover and director of the National Audubon Society􀆳s Pepperberg merely demonstrated a few sample rounds for him
,
Clean Energy Initiative Garry George admits Our own just as she did for Griffin􀆳s human competitors.
, , , “
science shows that climate change is by far the biggest threat to The participants completed rounds of the game spread
120
birds and the places wildlife needs to survive. IdentiFlight will across trials which got progressively harder. By the end of
14 ,
make it possible to fight the worst effects of climate change and the day the participants had to keep track of four different⁃
,
at the same time protect the birds we love in the process. colored details under four cups which were shuffled four times.
” ,
1.What contribute to IdentiFlight detecting birds􀆳 approaching Griffin was able to find the target ball with higher accuracy than
?
A.Cameras and AI. the students in all trials.
14 专
B.Human observers. The parrot􀆳sperformancesuggeststhatitsmemorizingability 题
八
C.Changes to turbines. may have evolved 进化 from a common ancestor millions of
( )
D.Birds􀆳 flying habits. years ago. 主
旨
2.WhathappensatawindfarmwithIdentiFlightwhenabirdisto 1.What is the purpose of the research
? 要
knock into a turbine A.To set the task to the Harvard students. 义
?
7 9
􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋􀪋B.To test the memorizing ability of Griffin. B.The Starlink satellites will possibly ruin an observation near
C.Tolocateacolorful ball hiddenunder thecup. sunset.
D.To shuffle the cups around a table several times. C.The first orbiters are brighter than most of other satellites
2.How didHragPailianfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheshellgame circling Earth.
?
A.Puzzled. B.Satisfied. D.SpaceXfailstoprovidehigh⁃speedInternettopeoplearound
C.Impressed. D.Disappointed. the world.
3.Why could Griffin outperform the students 3.Accordingtotheauthor whoshouldshouldertheresponsibility
? ,
A.It was acquired from a breeder. to save the sky
?
B.It had received relevant training. A.The United States.
C.It had grasped English words. B.The United Nations.
30
D.It was showed more sample rounds. C.The company SpaceX.
4.Which of the following is a suitable title for the text D.Just one nation.
?
A.African grey parrots evolve fast 4.What can be a suitable title for the text
?
B.African grey parrots live longer A.Preserve the Night Sky
C.A parrot fights for good memory B.Ban Starlink Satellites
D.A parrot beats Harvard students C.Observe the Stars Attentively
答案 D.Protest Against SpaceX
1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 答案
1.D 2.B 3.B 4.A
Passage4 (2022湖北十一校第二次联考,D) 学生用书P186
Passage5 (2021湖北七市州教科研协作体3月联考,C)
The company SpaceX has already launched hundreds of its
学生用书P187
Starlink satellites with plans to put as many as of them
, 42,000
in Earthorbit. Itsgoalistoprovidehigh⁃speedInternettobillions Britain􀆳s streets are becoming increasingly crowded with
of people. Moving toward that kind of accessisimportant but it throwaway facemasksandprotectivegloves asurveyhasfound
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comes at a cost. Glittering with reflected sunlight these first and councils warn that they are battling with a mountain of
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orbiters sent up in the past year are brighter than percent of personal protective equipment PPE litter.
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the orsoothersatellitesnowcirclingEarth andobviously Four in ten councils have identified throwaway masks
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there are going to be a lot more. This sudden increase is bad for gloves and other forms of PPE as a problem in their area and
,
astronomy The probability of a Starlink satellite crossing a warned that it could pose an infection risk.
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telescope􀆳sfield of view and ruining an observation will be quite The District Councils􀆳 Network DCN representsabout
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high near sunset. For that reason my fellow astronomers have regional authorities covering waste collection for million
, , 22
signed a petition 请愿书 calling for governments to protect the people. As well as being potentially dangerous for pets and
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night sky from this invasion. wildlife thereisariskthattheycouldspreadinfection itsaid.
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In response to protests SpaceX has promised to address the The World Health Organization has warned that appropriate
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visibility problem by for example applying experimental handling is essential to avoid any increase in the spread of
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coatings essentially painting the satellites black but the disease.
— — ”
company􀆳s aggressive launch schedule remains unchanged. And Councilsare already struggling with waste collection during
the satellites􀆳 illuminated 被照亮 surfaces are mostly their solar the pandemic as residents are creating more rubbish while
( )
panels exactly the part that cannot be painted over. spending longer periods at home. The DCNsaid some weeksthis
—
Unfortunately atpresentnoregulationsgovernhowbrighta summer had been like Christmas collections referring to the
, “ ”,
singlesatellitecanbe letalonethousandsofthemtogether. Even larger amounts of rubbish over the festive period.
,
if there are such regulations one nation􀆳slawscannot hinder 阻 Dan Humphreys the DCN􀆳s chief for enhancing quality of
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碍 another country􀆳s launches. Space literally has no borders life said Facemasks gloves and other forms of PPE are
) , , , “ ,
and the sky will needtobeprotectedataninternationallevel. As designed to protect people but poor handling risks doing the
年 a consequence we hope that the United Nations will find a way opposite. We would remind residents to think about how they
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考 to think outside of the box to save the sky for everyone. deal with their waste.
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When IwasgrowingupinMontana itwasagametobethe Scientists however have warned that even if masks are
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firsttofindamovingsatelliteamongthehostofstarsinthenight dealt with properly tons of single⁃use facemasks could
模 ,124,000
拟 sky. Soon it could be a game to recognize the constellations 星 end up in landfills if people do not switch to reusable coverings.
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座 behind a swarm of moving points of light. 1.What is the DCN􀆳s attitude towards PPE litter
) ?
1.What is the writer􀆳s attitude toward SpaceX􀆳s launch plans A.Worried. B.Tolerant.
?
A.Indifferent. B.Doubtful. C.Skeptical. D.Approving.
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教 C.Optimistic. D.Disapproving. 2.Why is Christmas collections mentioned in paragraph
“ ” 4?
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2. Why have the author􀆳s fellow astronomers signed the A.To recall the festival.
用
书 petition B.To admire the atmosphere.
?
︶ A.SpaceX planstosendtoomanyStarlinksatellitesintospace. C.To advocate the collection.
8 0
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3.What canweinfer fromthescientists􀆳 warning tendency of crocodiles to release tears as they eat.
?
A.It isbetter toproducemultiple⁃useequipment. But tears play key roles beyond weeping notes Lionel
,
B.It is better to use reusable equipment. Sebbag at Iowa State University who was not involved in the
,
C.More rubbish will be produced. new research. They help with vision by lubricating and clearing
D.More landfills will be built. the eye. They also protect the eye against infection and provide
4.What is the text mainly about nutrition tothecornea 角膜 theeye􀆳sclearouterlayer which
? ( ), ,
A.The benefits of wearing facemasks. lacks blood vessels 血管 he says.
( ),
B.The ways of dealing with rubbish. Learning how reptiles and birds use tears may also inspire
C.The problem of handling PPE litter. new medications for conditions such as dry eye which occurs
,
D.The importance of protecting individuals. when the tear glands don􀆳t produce enough oil. The disease
,
答案 common in cats dogs and people can sometimes lead to
, , ,
1.A 2.D 3.B 4.C blindness.
1.What is paragraph3 mainly about
Passage6 (2021山东潍坊一模,B) 学生用书P188 ?
A.The source of tears.
Anewstudy publishedthisweekinthejournalFrontiersin B.The composition of tears.
,
Veterinary Science revealsthatnon⁃humananimals􀆳tearsarenot C.The classification of tears.
,
so differentfromourown. Thechemicalsimilaritiesaresogreat D.The definition of tears.
,
in fact that the composition of other species􀆳 tears and how 2.What doestheunderlinedword phony inparagraph mean
, — “ ” 4 ?
they􀆳re adapted to their environments may provide insights into A.Tricky. B.Regretful.
—
better treatments for human eye disease. C.Cold. D.False.
Previously scientists had studied closely only the tears of a 3.Which statement does Lionel Sebbag agree with
, ?
handful of mammals including humans dogs horses camels A.Weeping contributes to eye disease.
, , , , ,
and monkeys. In the new study Brazilian veterinarians analyzed B.The cornea has rich blood vessels.
,
the tearsofreptilesandbirdsforthefirsttime focusingonseven C.Tears oil and clear the eyes.
,
species. D.More tears mean better vision.
Tears which are released from the tear glands form a film 4.What might be the best title for the text
, , ?
over the eye that is composed of three ingredients mucus A.Tears a barrier to eyes
: , ,
water and oil. The mucus coats the eye􀆳s surface and helps to B.A better treatment for eye disease
,
attach the film to the eye the water is a natural saline solution C.Non⁃human tears promise new cures
,
盐溶液 containing crucial proteins and minerals and the oil D.Other species􀆳 tears are similar to humans􀆳
( ) ,
prevents the eye from drying out. 答案
Humans are the only known species to produce emotional 1.B 2.D 3.C 4.C
tears the expression crocodile tears which refers to a
; “ ,”
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