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专题四 形容词与副词 1 75
专题四 形容词与副词
学生用书P285
4A the remarkable development
A
4A the oldest tree alive in the world
=A The hotel was very comfortable.
6
=A Buy some toys to keep the kids amused.
'A Curious, the children went into the cave.
5Uas...as...
3
Unot so/as...as...
!D3 than...
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be senior/junior to
'
be superior/inferior to
the P3U @U !D8
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N@ The path ran gently down to the sea.
N@ Earthquakes are extremely difficult to predict.
'A
N@ It rained so hard.
6 N Frankly, I don’t agree with you.
thoughameanwhileathereforeathusaconsequentlya
@ BE*
howeveramoreoverainsteadaanywayaanyhow0
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学生用书P286
形容词
1 常考的形容词后缀
后缀 用法 示例
⁃able/ 表示 可 的 具 available可获得的 capable有能力的 reasonable合理的
“ …… ,
⁃ible 有 性质的 flexible灵活的 incredible难以置信的
…… ”
表示 关于 的 具 cultural与文化有关的 emotional情感 上 的 environmental有关环境的
⁃al “ …… , ( )
有 性质的 influential有影响力的 original原来的 traditional传统的
…… ”
⁃ant/⁃ent 表示 的 distant遥远的 ignorant无知的 different不同的
“…… ”
⁃ary 表示 的 contemporary当代的 imaginary虚构的 primary主要的
“…… ”
advanced先进的 determined坚定的 experienced有经验的
⁃ed 表示 具有 特征的
“ …… ” limited有限的 qualified有资格的1 76 5年高考3年模拟 B版 英语(教师用书)
续表
后缀 用法 示例
用于名词或动词后 表示
, grateful感激的 peaceful和平的 powerful强有力的
⁃ful 富有 的 充满
“ …… , …… stressful有压力的 successful成功的 wonderful精彩的
的 有 性质的
, …… ”
basic基础的 dramatic急剧的 economic经济上的
⁃ic 表示 与 有关的 energetic精力充沛的 enthusiastic热情的 optimistic乐观的
“ …… ”
romantic浪漫的 scientific科学的 symbolic象征性的
用于动词后 表示 令
, “ amazing令人惊叹的 astonishing令人惊讶的 challenging有挑战性的
⁃ing 人 的 有 特征
…… , …… developing发展中的 fascinating令人着迷的 freezing极冷的
的
”
表示 具有 性质的 creative有创造力的 effective有效的 impressive令人印象深刻的
⁃ive “ …… ;
有 倾向的 positive积极的 sensitive敏感的
…… ”
用在名词后 表示 如
, “ elderly上了年纪的 motherly母亲般的
的 有 特征的
…… , …… ”
⁃ly
用在表示时间的名词后
,
表示 每 的 每 时 daily每天的 weekly每周的
“ …… , ……
间一次的
”
ambitious有野心的 cautious小心的 dangerous有危险的
⁃ous 表示 有 性质的 harmonious和谐的 mysterious神秘的 poisonous有毒的
“ …… ”
precious珍贵的 various各种各样的
表示 充满 的 有 cloudy多云的 guilty愧疚的 lucky幸运的
⁃y “ …… ; ……
倾向的 似 的 noisy吵闹的 smelly有难闻气味的 wordy话多的
, …… ”
易错易混 有些形容词既可以作前置定语,也可以作后置定
2 形容词作定语的位置
语,但意义不同,常见的有:
单个形容词作定语一般置于被修饰词前 但在下列情况
, {the present members现在的成员
下 形容词要置于被修饰词后
, 。 the members present在场的成员
修饰复合不定代词时
① {the concerned teachers忧心忡忡的老师们
There is something extra special about British comedy and
the teachers concerned相关的老师们
comediansfor global audiences.英国喜剧和喜剧演员对于全球
{the involved problem复杂难懂的问题
观众来说有一些格外特别之处
。 the problem involved相关的问题
当名词前有最高级或 all only every few 等词修饰时 要把
② 、 、 、 ,
3 表语形容词
以⁃able或⁃ible结尾的形容词置于名词后
That is the best book available. 表语形容词指的是通常与系动词一起构成系表结构的形容
①
那是能找到的最好的一本书 词 常见的有afraid alone awake asleep alive alike ashamed
。 , 、 、 、 、 、 、 、
That is the only solution possible. well sorry unable worth sure等
、 、 、 、 。
那是唯一可能的解决方法 Even though the patient may seem to be awake at times
。 “ ” ,
当形容词后有不定式或 介词 名词 构成短语时 their brain remains unconscious and cannot be woken up.(北师
③ “ + ”
The teacheraskedmeaquestiondifficulttoanswer.老师问了我 大XB U )尽管患者有时看起来 醒着 但他们的大脑仍
4 11 “ ”,
一个难以回答的问题 没有意识 无法被唤醒
。 , 。
The path before you leads to a world full of challenges. 表语形容词并非只能作表语 它们还可以作补语和后置定
② ,
你面前的道路通向一个充满挑战的世界 语 但一般不作前置定语
。 , 。
当old long high wide deep等词附有数量词短语时 Jiuzhaigou Valley is home to mighty snow⁃capped mountains
④ 、 、 、 、 ,
In these waters morethan metresdeep wherelightcannot thick forests alive with wildlife impressive waterfalls and lakes
, 200 , ,
reach are extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are so blue that they take our breath away.九寨沟拥有雄伟的雪山
, 、
straight out of science fiction.(外研XB U ) 充满野生动植物的茂密森林 令人印象深刻的瀑布以及令人叫绝
4 5 、
在这些 多米深 光线无法到达的水域中 有一些非同寻常 的蓝色湖泊
200 、 , 。
的生物 它们看起来简直像是出自科幻小说 以字母a开头的表语形容词一般不可直接用very修饰
, 。 ③ 。
very much alone非常孤单的
专题四 形容词与副词 1 77
fast asleep熟睡的 续表
greatly ashamed非常羞愧的
连接性副词 用法
副词
意为 然而 表示转折关系 常用逗
however “ ”, ,
4 形容词变副词 号与句子其他成分隔开
大部分副词可由相应的形容词加上后缀⁃ly构成 但也有特 instead 意为 相反 表示相反的情况
, “ ”,
殊情况
: anyway/anyhow 意为 尽管 表示让步关系
“ ”,
情况 变化规则 示例
6 副词enough的用法
certain certainly
→
一般情况 直接加⁃ly definite definitely enough修饰形容词 副词时 要放在所修饰词之后
→ ① 、 , 。
eventual eventually Students are not mature enough to handle the challenge by
→
themselves.
angry angrily
→ 学生们还不够成熟 无法独自应对挑战
clumsy clumsily , 。
以⁃y 变y为i → When we look at any question deeply enough we feel the
, necessary necessarily ,
结尾的词 再加⁃ly → excitement and mystery coming to us again and again.(译林
特殊情况 dry drily/dryly shy
( : → , → B U )
shyly 3 4
) 当我们足够深入地看待任何问题时 兴奋和神秘感会一次又
comfortable comfortably ,
→ 一次向我们袭来
以⁃le gentle gently 。
去e 再加⁃y → cannot与enough连用 表示 再 也不为过
结尾的词 , terrible terribly ② , “ …… ”。
→ You cannot be careful enough.
特殊情况 whole wholly
( : → ) 你再细心也不为过
。
以⁃ue true truly 注意 cannot/can never...too...也有相同含义。
去e 再加⁃ly →
结尾的词 , 特殊情况 unique uniquely
( : → ) 7 具有两种形式的同根副词
以⁃ic basic basically
加⁃ally → 不以⁃ly 以⁃ly
结尾的词 scientific scientifically
→ 结尾的副词 结尾的副词
以⁃ll
只加⁃y full fully
clear远离 不接触 clearly清晰地 明显地
结尾的词 → , ,
close不远地 接近 closely密切地 接近
5 常见的连接性副词 , ,
deep 空间上 深 deeply 情感上 深刻地 强烈地
( ) ( ) ,
连接性副词 用法
easy小心 慢点 easily容易地 不费力地
, ,
一般用于句末 意为 然而 可是 表
though , “ , ”, free不固定地 免费 freely不受限制地 无拘无束地
示转折 ; ;
hard努力地 hardly几乎不
意为 与此同时 在此期间 表示两
meanwhile “ , ”,
个动作同时发生 high 空间上 高 highly 程度上 高度地
( ) ( )
late迟 晚 lately最近
therefore/thus/
,
意为 因此 所以 表示结果
consequently “ , ”, near近 nearly几乎 差不多
,
moreover/furthermore/ 意为 此外 表示并列 递进或顺承 right恰好 径直 立即 rightly公正合理地 正确地
“ ”, 、 ; ; ;
additionally/besides 关系
wide充分地 widely广泛地 范围广地
,
形容词、副词的比较等级
8 比较等级的变化规则
规则变化
①
情况 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词 加⁃er/⁃est high higher highest
以字母e结尾的词 加⁃r/⁃st large larger largest1 78 5年高考3年模拟 B版 英语(教师用书)
续表
情况 变化规则 原级 比较级 最高级
以一个辅音字母结尾的重
双写这个辅音字母 再加⁃er/⁃est hot hotter hottest
读闭音节词 ,
以 辅音字母 y 结尾的词 变y为i再加⁃er/⁃est happy happier happiest
“ + ”
多音节词和部分双音节词 词前加more/most beautiful more beautiful most beautiful
不规则变化
②
原级 比较级 最高级
good/well better best
bad/badly/ill worse worst
many/much more most
little less least
farther 指距离 更远的 farthest 指距离 最远的
far ( ) ( )
further 指距离或程度 更远的 更进一步的 furthest 指距离或程度 最远的 最深入的
( ) , ( ) ,
older 指血缘 年龄 新旧 较年长的 较老
( 、 、 ) , oldest 指血缘 年龄 新旧 最年长的 最老的 最旧的
old 的 较旧的 ( 、 、 ) , ,
,
elder 指血缘 较年长的 eldest 指血缘 最年长的
( ) ( )
later 时间上 较迟的 latest 时间上 最迟的
late ( ) ( )
latter 顺序上 后者的 last 顺序上 最后的
( ) ( )
Success grows less and less dependent on luck and chance.(冀
9 比较级的用法
教B U )
( )可修饰比较级的词语 3 3
1 成功越来越不依赖运气和巧合
比较级常见的修饰词语包括 far even much still rather 。
、 、 、 、 、 ( )The 比较级...,the 比较级...(越……,越……)
slightly a lot a bit a great deal a little twice three times等 3 + +
、 、 、 、 、 、 。 The more I learn the better I know how much there is still left
In many ways life has become far more comfortable and ,
, to learn.(译林XB U )
convenientinthepastfewdecades.(北师大B U )在过去的几 4 4
3 8 我学得越多 就越清楚还有多少东西要学
十年里 生活在许多方面变得更加舒适和方便 , 。
, 。
10 最高级的用法
As resources are used much more rapidly than they can be
sustained wildlife habitats are likely to suffer which could ( )可修饰最高级的词语
, , 1
endanger the local plants and animals.由于资源的使用速度远 最高级常见的修饰词语包括序数词 by far nearly
、( ) 、 、
超其维持速度 野生生物栖息地可能会受到影响 这可能会 almost等
, , 。
危及当地的动植物 Formepersonally thisisbyfarthebiggestreasonforhumanity
。 ,
( )比较级 and 比较级(越来越……) to explore space.(译林XB U )就我个人而言 这是人类探索
2 + + 3 2 ,
有时也用 more and more 原级 或 less and less 原级 太空的最大原因
“ + ” “ + ” 。
表示 The Yangtze River is the longest river in China and the third
。
The Hubble and the space telescopes constructed after it will longest one in the world.
allow us to see further and further into space.(外研XB U ) 长江是中国第一长河 世界第三长河
4 6 , 。
哈勃 太空望远镜 和之后建造的太空望远镜将使我们能够 ( )比较级形式表达最高级意义
( ) 2
看到越来越远的太空
。 ①
In todays rapidly developing society vocational education is ìany other 单数名词
, ï +
becoming more and more valuable and it gives applicants an ï all the other 复数名词
比较级 ( ) +
advantage in the job market.(译林XB U ) íanyone/anything else
在当今快速发展的社会中 职业教育变得 4 越 4 来越有价值 它使求 + than +ï ïany of the other 复数名词
, , î +
职者在就业市场上占据优势 the rest of 复数名词或不可数名词
。 +
专题四 形容词与副词 1 79
New Zealand is home to more species of penguins than any
11 倍数表达法
other country.(北师大B U )
2 5 句型 示例
新西兰是企鹅种类最多的国家
。
Those who make use of carriages or horses may not be any This table is three times as big as
倍数 as 原级 as...
faster walkersthananyoneelse andyettheyareabletotravela + + + that one.
,
thousand li.(沪外XB U ) This table is three times bigger than
1 1 倍数 比较级 than...
假舆马者 非利足也 而致千里 + + that one.
, , 。
比较级与否定词连用可表达最高级意义
② This table is three times the size of
Nobody wasmore aware of the need of health than he.没有人比 倍数 the 名词 of...
+ + + that one.
他更懂得健康的必要性
。 The output of this year is three times
倍数 that/those of...
+ that of .
2021
The output of this year is three times
倍数 what从句
+ what it was in .
2021
学生用书P291
1. Duetothelackof science proofconcerningtheir 8. 答案 remarkable
( )
impacts no one has succeeded in winning a lawsuit against 9. In most people the first signsshowup in their sor early s.
, 50 60
cloud⁃seeding companies. ( 浙江一考,C) And among people who dont exercise the changes can start
2024 ,
1. 答案 scientific even soon . ( 新高考 ,D)
( ) 2022 Ⅱ
2. The Stanford marshmallow 棉花糖 test was 9. 答案 sooner
( )
original conductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate 10. But the study was small and needs to be repeated with far
( )
s. ( 浙江一考,D) large groups of people to determine exactly
1960 2024 ( )
2. 答案 originally which aspects of an exercise routine make the biggest
3. One in four adults say that TV chefs have made them much difference. ( 新高考 ,D)
2022 Ⅱ
confident about expanding their cookery 10. 答案 larger
( )
knowledge and skills and young people are also getting more 11. LittlewondertheFederalDuckStampProgramhasbeencalled
,
interested in cooking. ( 全国乙,C) one of the successful conservation programs
2023 ( )
3. 答案 more confident ever initiated. ( 新高考 ,C)
2021 Ⅰ
4. Younger plants are often cheap than fully grown 11. 答案 most successful
( )
ones and you get to care for them as they mature which is 12. unfortunate it took the explorers and the
, — ( ),
part of the joy of owning plants. ( 全国乙,七选五) settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate a large
2023
4. 答案 cheaper part of these resources. ( 新高考 ,C)
2021 Ⅰ
5. Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm 12. 答案 Unfortunately
animal quarters is also highly effect at getting 13. These cubs weighed about . kg and were so small that there
( ) 25
grizzlies away. ( 全国甲,D) was absolute no risk.
2023 ( )
5. 答案 effective ( 新高考 ,B,改编)
2021 Ⅱ
6. Soon after moving to Switzerland I threw a house⁃warming 13. 答案 absolutely
,
party and was greatly surprised when all guests showed up 14. The tests show that the social environment is
30
exact on time. ( 北京,语法填空) extreme influential when were making decisions.
( ) 2023 ( )
6. 答案 exactly ( 新高考 ,D)
2020 Ⅰ
7. In fact Royte writes if food waste were a country it would 14. 答案 extremely
, , “ ,
be the third large producer of greenhouse gases 15. In the movie Mission Impossible Tom Cruise made being a
( ) ,
in the world. ( 新高考 ,B) secret agent seem like the cool job ever.
” 2022 Ⅰ ( )
7. 答案 largest ( 新高考 ,A)
2020 Ⅱ
8. After two years the second group saw remark 15. 答案 coolest
, ( )
improvements in heart health. ( 新高考 ,D)
2022 Ⅱ
1 80 5年高考3年模拟 B版 英语(教师用书)
学生用书P292
16. More important was the industry development primary on good scores to attract consumers
( ) ( )
that helped them to accumulate wealth.( 湖北武汉二调) that they manipulate 操纵 ratings by buying positive
2024 ( )
16. 答案 industrial reviews to increase traffic. ( 浙江温州二模)
2024
17. % of all known bamboo species in the world are grown in 27. 答案 primarily
40
China soitsnot astonish that China grows more 28. For visitors who prefer a more leisurely pace they can enjoy
, ( ) ,
bamboothananyother countryintheworld. horseback rides take a dip in the hot springs or
, ,
( 河北邯郸第三次调研) simple sit back and admire the view while tasting locally
2024 ( )
17. 答案 astonishing brewed yak butter tea. ( 山东聊城一模)
2024
18. Also it is popularly believed that the higher the toss the 28. 答案 simply
, ,
good your prospects and fortune in the year 29. However thelongjourneytookitstoll 毁坏 onthefishand
( ) , ( )
ahead. ( 陕西铜川二模) when he finally reached home they were all
2024 ,
18. 答案 better smell . ( 安徽“皖南八校”第二次联考)
( ) 2024
19. Actually watching the filmsoftengivesusabetterideaabout 29. 答案 smelly
,
the people of this wonder land. 30. Last year the cooperative assigned percent of its
( ) , 40
( 甘肃一模) expect earnings to the shareholders in the
2024 ( )
19. 答案 wonderful village. ( 湖北武汉二调)
2024
20. The team then gave some origin performances 30. 答案 expected
( ) ,
some without makeup or costumes and some with students 31. Long ago Siberian tigers were all over Northeast Asia.
,
performing classicsin a traditional way. However today they are found mainly along the Chinese
, -
( 福建高中毕业班适应性练习) Russian border and possible in the north of the
2024 ( )
20. 答案 original DPRK. ( 浙江宁波十校二模)
2024
21. As a symbol of leisurely city life and local market culture 31. 答案 possibly
,
Kuanzhai Xiangzi Alleys is known as the 32. She also wrote Lessons for Women an
“ ,
spirit home of Chengdu people . ( 江西鹰潭一模) influence work on womens conduct.
( ) ” 2024 ( )
21. 答案 spiritual ( 浙江金丽衢十二校二模)
2024
22. Historically Chinese cultures connected 32. 答案 influential
,
agriculture preferences with patterns in the stars guiding 33. They are known to be ambitious confident
( ) , , ,
food consumption based on the Solar Terms. courage and full of energy. ( 黑龙江哈尔滨二模)
24 ( ) 2024
( 吉林二模) 33. 答案 courageous
2024
22. 答案 agricultural 34. So there is a true long way to go before a
( )
23. Coming from diverse corners of China and representing digital Peking Opera human with real⁃time interaction
vary professional backgrounds the players capability is created. ( 广西一模)
( ) , 2024
showcased a remarkable unity and impressive athleticism the 34. 答案 truly
moment they stepped onto the court. ( 江西赣州一模) 35. The aim is to keep the buildings temperature
2024
23. 答案 various comfort in all seasons using only natural airflow.
( ) ,
24. Emperor Qinshihuang unified the seven major states into one ( 广东广州一模)
2024
unite countrywheretheChinesewritingsystem 35. 答案 comfortable
( )
began to develop in one direction. 36. The exhibition area consists of basic theme
, ( ),
( 湖南九校联盟第二次联考) open and temporary exhibition sections.
2024 ,
24. 答案 united ( 广东湛江一模)
2024
25. For example the circuit around Chana Dorje offers a 36. 答案 themed
,
challenge hike which takes you through dense 37. People also post their moments of stove⁃boiled tea while
( )
forests and over snow⁃covered passes.( 山东聊城一模) wearing tradition Hanfu in these ancient
2024 ( )
25. 答案 challenging teahouses. ( 河南郑州一模)
2024
26. For instance they explored the symbol 37. 答案 traditional
, ( )
meaning of the loong through loong⁃shaped artefacts 手工艺 38. The heatable brick bed is not only used as a bed but also a
( ,
品 . ( 四川南充二诊) living area for the family. People routine have
) 2024 ( )
26. 答案 symbolic their meals and family gatherings on the bed in cold winters.
27. For one thing quite a few business runners rely so ( 湖南邵阳一模)
, 2024
专题四 形容词与副词 1 81
38. 答案 routinely 42. 答案 accurately
39. Back in the pre⁃Qin period over years ago there was 43. The project has already played significance
2,200 , ( )
already the Chinese zodiac signs theory. So it is roles in the past three years when it was put into trial operation.
reason that Chinese zodiac years are in agreement with the ( 辽宁二模)
( ) 2024
beginning of Chinese Lunar New Year. 43. 答案 significant
( T 第二次联考) 44. This recognition will make this cultural heritage
2024 8
39. 答案 reasonable visible to the public than before and help promote respect
( )
40. The bronze heads golden masks holy trees and various for cultural diversity and human creativity.
, ,
statues reveal the mystery faces of a culture ( 四川成都二诊)
( ) 2024
dating back more than years. 44. 答案 more visible
3,000
( 浙江杭州学军中学模拟) 45. Positioned as a crucialplatformforfutureintegratedspaceand
2024
40. 答案 mysterious groundnetworks low⁃earthorbitsatellitescanaddresstelecom
,
41. In AD Emperor Yang Guang the second emperor of the signal coverage gaps in terrestrial 地 面 上 的 mobile
605 , , ( )
Sui Dynasty ordered excavation of the Grand Canal to meet networks providing higher bandwidth satellite internet
, ,
the political economy and military needs of a services systematic according to China Mobile.
, ( ) ( ),
unified nation. ( 安徽淮北一模) ( 江苏南通如皋 月适应考)
2024 2024 2
41. 答案 economic 45. 答案 systematically
42. The overall narration of the work remains clear logical and
,
accurate conveys the sites and relics.
( )
( 四川南充二诊)
2024