06 情态动词与虚拟语气考查要点及应对策略
【考点精析】
一、情态动词
考点1 含有情态动词的时态和被动语态
1.情态动词+动词原形:除了表示现在的时间外,还可以表示将来,说明动作尚未发生。如:
You can go now but you’d better come earlier tomorrow.
2.情态动词+be doing:表示动作正在发生。如:
Your mother may be waiting for you to return home.
He must be playing football on the playground now.
3.情态动词+have done:
(1)表示对过去情况的推测:
He must have started writing his book a long time ago.
(2)表示过去“该做而没做”“能做而没做”“可做而没做”等含义,与过去事实不符或相反。
I would have written to you earlier, but I have been ill.
4.含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+done
Pupils should be helped to adopt a positive approach to the environment.
考点2 常考情态动词的用法
1.can
(1)表示能力,一般译为“能,会”,尤其指生来具备的能力。
Can you speak English?
(2)表示许可,常用在口语中。
(3)表示推测,意为“可能”,常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t译为“不可能”。
Can the news be true?
The moon can’t always be full.
2.could
(1)can的过去式,意为“能,会”,表示过去的能力。
I didn’t know if I could raise a child by myself.
(2)could在疑问句中,表示委婉请求的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。
Could you give me some advice on the best way to do this?
3.may
(1)表示请求、许可,比can正式。
May I use your computer?(2)表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,一般用于肯定句中。
I think he may be ready for a sleep soon.
(3)may的过去式为 might。might 也可以表示推测,但可能性低于may(此时might没有过去式的意思)。
He said he might not be back until tonight.
(4)表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may+主语+动词原形。
May all of our wishes come true this Valentine’s Day.
4.must
(1)must 表示主观看法,意为“必须”。
We must be honest and faithful to the people.
(2)对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t 或don’t have to。
—Must I go there today?
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
(3)must也可以表示有把握的推测,意为“一定,肯定”,用于肯定句。
He must be waiting for us.
(4)其否定形式mustn’t表示“禁止,不许”。
We mustn’t let the water run to waste.
注意：其反意疑问句的构成形式:
当must表示肯定的判断、推测时,其反意疑问句要用实际问句的助动词来构成。
He must be good at maths, isn’t he?
You must have told her about it, haven’t you?
5.need
(1)need表示需要,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn’t,意为“不必”。
用need提问时,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t或don’t have to。
—Need I go with you?
—Yes, you must./No, you needn’t.
(2)need还可以作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,如果是人作主语,后面多接动词不定式。
Adults need to live their own lives and that’s difficult with children.
注意：如果是物作主语,一般用need doing与need to be done,这种情况下应注意两点:
①主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;
②该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。
The car needs washing.=The car needs to be washed.
6.dare
dare意为“敢,敢于”,用法近似于need,有两种词性:(1)dare作为情态动词,多用于否定句、疑问句或条件句中,无第三人称单数形式。
How dare you pick up the phone and listen in on my conversations!
(2)dare作为实义动词,此时有人称、数及时态的变化。
My boyfriend doesn’t dare to say what he thinks in public.
注意：口语中,dare的各种形式常与不带to的不定式连用。
Do you dare tell him what I said?
7.shall
(1)shall表示征求对方意见(多用于第一、三人称)
(2)shall表示命令、允诺(多用于第二、三人称)
I shall do all I can to put the matter right.
You shall have a computer if you are admitted to a key university.
8.should
(1)should 意为“应该”,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。
We should do everything we can to maintain world peace.
(2)should have done 意为“本应该做某事而没做”,表示对过去动作的责备、批评。
I should have arrived ten minutes ago but I missed the bus.
9.will
will 表示意愿、意志、打算,可用于多种人称。
If you will undertake the affair, I shall be very grateful.
考点3 表示“推测”的情态动词
1.can表示对具体事物的推测时,一般用于否定句或疑问句。
They can’t believe you can even hold a conversation.
注意：can 表推测用于肯定句时,不能指对具体事物的推测,而是表示事物的属性特征。
Even an experienced climber can get into trouble.
2.must表示肯定的推测,一般用于肯定句中。
The computer doesn’t work. There must be something wrong with it.
3.might表示推测时,不一定是may的过去式,只是表示其可能性比may小。
If you look at the moon, you may/might have many questions to ask.
4.could表示推测时,语气比can弱。
She could be in London or Paris or Tokyo—nobody knows.
5.should表示推测的可能性比较大,表示有依据或有前提的推测,仅比must的可能性小一点,意为“按说应
该……”。
I wonder what’s happened to Annie. She should be here by now.考点4 情态动词+have+过去分词
1.can/could/may/might have+done sth.表示过去,推测过去时间里可能发生过的事情。
Should you look at what you could have done better and learn from it so you can improve?
Someone might have guessed our secret and passed it on.
2.must have+done sth.表示对过去时间里可能发生过的事情的推测,语气较强,意为“肯定/一定做过某事”。
China must have done something supremely right to produce the economic miracle we observe.
3.should/ought to have done sth.本应该做某事,而事实上并没有做。否定句表示“不该做某事而做了”。
She really ought to have retired long ago, but she’s still working.
We really shouldn’t have let him go swimming by himself.
4.needn’t have done sth.本没必要做某事却做了。
I needn’t have written to him because he phoned me shortly afterwards.
5.would like to have done sth.过去本想做某事而没做。
I would like to have read the article, but I was very busy then.
二、虚拟语气
考点1 虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法
条件句有真实条件句和虚拟条件句两种。真实条件句所表示的假设是有可能发生的,此时主句不用虚
拟语气;而虚拟条件句则表示一种假想,与事实相反或不太可能会发生,此时用虚拟语气。
1.虚拟语气在if条件句中的运用
类别 从句谓语动词 主句谓语动词
与现在事实相反 过去式(be用were) should/would/could/might+动词原形
与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+have+过去分词
过去式(be用were)
与将来事实相反 should+动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形
were to+动词原形
If there were no air, we couldn’t live.
If there had been no air in the tube, the result of the experiment would have been more accurate.
If he were to come tomorrow, things would be easier.
2.虚拟条件句中的省略与倒装
如果虚拟条件句中含有were/had/should,可把if省略,把were/had/should提到主语之前形成倒装;若为否定形
式,not不可提前。
Should it rain tomorrow, what would you do?
Were there no friction, we could not walk.
Had we known about the new method, we should have applied it earlier.
3.错综时间虚拟条件句有时虚拟条件句的动作与主句动作发生的时间不一致,这时动词的形式应根据它们各自表示的时间加以调
整。
If I had met him before, I could recognize him.
4.含蓄条件句
(1)有时假设的情况不用条件句表达,而是用but for, without等介词(短语)或上下文来表示。
Without air, there wouldn’t be living things in the world now.
(2)用otherwise, or等暗示后文与前面的情况相反,从而引出后文的虚拟语气。
He reminded me of that, otherwise, I would have forgotten it.
(3)虚拟条件通过but暗示出来,结构为“虚拟情况+but+真实情况”。
She would have come to see you, but she was so busy that day.
考点2 使用虚拟语气的常见结构或从句
1.wish与hope后接宾语从句的区别:hope表示一般可以实现的希望,宾语从句用陈述语气;wish表示很难或
不太可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。表示现在,用过去式;表示过去,用过去完成式;表示将来,用
would/could+动词原形。如:
I wish I were as tall as you.
He wished he hadn’t said that.
I wish it would rain tomorrow.
2.if only与wish一样,也用于表示与事实相反的愿望,其后所接的虚拟语气的时态与wish后所接时态的情况
相同。如:
If only I had listened to my parents!
3.I would rather后的句子用虚拟语气。表示现在或将来,用过去式;表示过去,用过去完成式,意为“宁愿做什
么”。如:
I’d rather you went tomorrow (now).
I’d rather you hadn’t said it.
4.以as if (as though)引导的方式状语从句或表语从句,有时用虚拟语气,与wish用法相同。如:
The teacher treats the pupil as if he were her own child.
考点3 从句中用(should+)动词原形的用法
1.在for fear that(以免),in case(以防)引导的目的状语从句中的虚拟语气。
We had a meeting and talked the matter over face to face for fear that there should be any misunderstanding.
2.在表示“坚持” “命令” “建议” “要求”等词汇后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气。这类动词可归纳为
“一个坚持(insist),两个命令(order, command),三个建议(advise, suggest, propose),四个要求(demand, require,
request, ask)”。如:
He commanded that roads (should) be built to link castles across the land.I suggested to Mike that we (should) go out for a meal with his colleagues.
3.在order, suggestion, idea, plan, proposal, advice, demand等名词后的表语从句或同位语从句中用虚拟语气。
如:
The order came that the medical supplies
考点4 It’s (about/high) time that+主语+did/should do sth.
It’s (about/high) time后的从句用虚拟语气,谓语动词用过去式或should+动词原形,此处should不能省略,
意为 “(早)该干某事了”。如:
It’s time (that) we went to bed.
It’s high time that we should take action to protect the water resources.
特别提示：
语法填空题考法
1.若句中谓语动词为原形, 在其前设空时, 注意考虑情态动词。然后根据句意或句式结构填入恰当的情态
动词;
2.一旦判断所给动词在句中作谓语, 就要考虑其时态、语态、语气、主谓一致等。注意虚拟语气中的时态,
除了if虚拟条件句, 还应注意虚拟语气的标志词, 如suggest, would rather, as if, wish, otherwise, or, but for
等。
【真题演练】
1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be(be) officially set up next year.
2.(2022·全国乙卷)It comes after more than half of soft drinks sold in shops have had their sugar levels cut by
manufacturers(制造商) so they can avoid paying the tax.
3.(2022·全国乙卷)Can a small group of drones(无人机) guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and, at
the same time, help railway operators save billions of euros each year?
4.(2022·全国乙卷)Some mornings, Rosamond and Dorothy would arrive(arrive) at the schoolhouse to find the
children weeping from the cold. In spring, the snow was replaced by mud over ice.
5.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were(be) a country, it would be the third largest
producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”
6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)Last year it recovered more than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting
blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted(rot) in fields.
7.(2022·全国甲卷)He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would/could keep those old ferries.
8.(2022·浙江高考)I felt he treated me as though I would hold him back and probably make him fail to get an A
in the course.9.(2022·北京高考)Gas naturally has no recognisable smell. However, a strong smell is added so that we can raise
the alarm when we detect the smell associated with danger.
10.(2022·浙江高考)Social interaction has been shown to lift mood(情绪) and get people thinking in new
directions and in ways that could (can) help improve any post-lunch effort.
11.(2022·北京高考)What would the world be if there were (be) no hunger?
【考点精练】
一、完成句子
1. 我想要感谢史密斯教授，如果没有他的帮助，我不会取得这么大的进步。
I wish to thank Professor Smith, .
2. 她渴望被一所著名的大学录取。
She that she into a famous university.
3. 这个国家应该在全国范围内开展以净化网络环境为目标的活动，这至关重要。(it作形式主语, crucial,
objective)
purifying the online environment.
4. 老板坚持要求充分利用每一分钟把工作做好。
The boss to do the work well.
5. If his experiences then , it would undoubtedly have made a moving book.
如果当时他的经历被记录下来，无疑会成为一本感人的书。
6. The smallest good habits make a big difference.
最小的好习惯会产生很大的作用。
7. 这会让你意识到自己是幸运的，所以你应该借此机会好好享受生活
It’ll make you realise that you’re fortunate, so you should make the most out of your
life.
8. 如果我是一名环卫工人，我会让我们的城市更干净，街上没有任何垃圾。
with no rubbish lying on the street.
9. 建议你应当与不同性格及背景的人交朋友。
It is suggested that you with people having different characters and backgrounds.
10. No enemy can submission.
任何敌人的恐吓都不能使我们屈服。
11. I think I should .
我认为我应该更经常地吃蔬菜。
12. When you take a geography exam, you may .参加地理考试时，你可以查阅地图。
13. 你最好把烟灭掉。在加油站抽烟是极其危险的。You’d better your cigarette. It is extremely dangerous to smoke in a petrol station.
14. 我强烈推荐你报名参加这个课程。
I highly recommend that you should this course.
15. 门卫要求检查一下我们的包。
The guard required that we checked.
16. 如果她早知道蘑菇有毒，她就不会采来当晚餐了。
If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous, she
(not；pick) them for dinner.
17. I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it easy to cook.
我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋，我想它肯定很好做。
18. 干这一行很难成功，但是如果你努力，我相信你最终会获得成功的。
It’s hard to succeed in this business, but if you work hard, I believe you’ll eventually.
19. When it comes to my class,I say that I can’t stand some classmates’ selfishness.
当提到我们班的时候，我不得不说我实在忍受不了有些同学的自私。（根据汉语提示完成句子）
20. 我知道我将不得不依靠自己来处理一切。
I knew I would have to myself to deal with everything
21. If only I the meeting yesterday!
要是昨天我参加了会议该多好啊！
22. 即使我有打网球的天资，我也承受不了那种压力。
， I couldn’t
stand the pressure.
23. 问题是我们怎样能弄到我们需要的东西。
The problem is the things we need.
24. 学费和生活开销比国内贵多了，多数家庭最终可能会花费一大笔钱。
Tuition fees and living expenses are much more expensive than at home and could most families an
arm and a leg.
25. 专家建议政府应该采取措施来保护当地的文化遗产。(虚拟语气)
Experts suggested that the government to protect the local cultural heritage.
26. 我必须为我没能去见你而道歉。
I able to meet you.
27. Most believe he _______ for England last week, but for a serious injury which put him out of football. (play)
多数人认为，要不是受了重伤而告别足球，上周他本会为英格兰踢球的。
28. 当我们遇到这样的事实差异，我们不应该急于得出结论，其中一个新闻报道给出 了错误的信息。When we come across such factual differences, we should not one of the news reports gives
false information.
29. 我极力建议你为这次面试做好准备。(recommend+宾语从句)
I for this interview.
30. I to the house and work with the cook.
我最好回到家去和厨师一起工作。
31. 如果一个捕食性动物能吃几个物种，那么它就能在其中一个物种灭绝时幸存下来。
If a predator can eat several species, the extinction of one of them.
32. If , please go outside.
如果你非得抽烟，请到外面(去抽)。
33. 我们不仅应该要勇敢，而且要谨慎。
Not only be brave, but also be cautious.
二、用单词的适当形式完成句子
34. I wish I (take) your advice last time, and then I wouldn't have been blamed by others.
35. The wise old man told him to travel to the Li River-perhaps he learn a little from the greatest artist
in the world.
36. I find it to take a walk in the countryside, where I can myself with a cup of tea and eat
some .(refresh)
37. Had you invited us, we (come) to your party.
38. The woman stood by the river still as if she (turn) into a stone.
39. We requested that the task (complete) by the end of this week.
40. — you (buy)the film tickets yesterday?
—Yes, I (buy) two. I can (give)one to you.
41. If he should go to Tsinghua University,he (make) full use of his time.
42. It is recommended that you (get) help from your doctor about your illness.
44. I always read, (use) different voices, as though I (be) acting out the stories with my
voice and they loved it!
45. The doctor suggests that he (take) a rest.
46. We must (evaluate) the consequences caused by the fire.
＝ We must make an (evaluate) of the consequences caused by the fire.
47. She would be much healthier now she not burdened herself with that much pressure from work
when young.
48. She required that we （start）immediately.49. It is suggested that the information referred to in your report (simplify) .
50. The woman was standing there as if she (be) a statue.
51. For a beginner of sports, it is highly recommendable that the time for training (length) little by
little.
52. If you (tell) me in advance, I would have met him at the airport.
53. At the same time, live, detailed maps of Earth’s surface aid humanity in amazing ways.
54. If I hadn’t been faced with so many barriers, I not be where I am.
55. It is the high time that we (place) great emphasis on the improvement of food safety.
56. If I had enough money, I (build) a big house for my parents.
57. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste (be) a country, it would be the third largest producer of
greenhouse gases in the world.”
58. If I (be) you, I (teach) him a good lesson.
59. The officer ordered that the necessities （convey）immediately to the earthquake-hit areas.
60. If you (tell) me about your trouble last week, I could have helped.
61. Henry played a passive role in the bet. What have happened if he had known from the beginning
what it was all about?
62. I didn’t see her in the meeting room this morning. She couldn’t (speak) at the meeting.
63. 用适当的情态动词填空
（1）—Excuse me. Is this the right way to the Summer Palace?
—Sorry, I'm not sure. But it be.
（2）—Do you know where David is? I couldn't find him anywhere.
—Well, he have gone far - his coat's still here.
（3）Mr. Bush is on time for everything. How it be that he was late for the important meeting?
（4）He have completed his work; otherwise,he wouldn't be enjoying himself by the seaside.
（5）Look!The light in the office is still on. Our English teacher be correcting our exam papers.
三、单项选择
64. —Everyone in my class passed the exam.
—Oh, really? It ________ difficult.
A. can’t have been B. needn’t have been
C. must be D. mightn’t be
65. It's no use envying others' success. 1t's time you ________ hard.
A. must work B. were to work
C. work D. should work66. Had he studied harder, he ______ the exam last week.
A. passed B. would pass
C. would have passed D. must have passed
67. Our English teacher insisted that the homework ________ tomorrow morning.
A. must be handed in B. hand in C. be handed in D. would be
handed in
68. She often shares her deepest thoughts and fears with friends through QQ, as if they ________ chatting in her
living room.
A. were B. are
C. had been D. has been
69. It is lucky we booked a room, or we________nowhere to stay now.
A. had B. had had
C. would have D. would have had
70. It is demanded that the system of buying train ticket in real names _____ out during the Spring Festival.
A. will be carried B. be carried
C. to be carried D. should carry
71. His suggestion __________to see the art exhibition interested everyone of us.
A. that we go B. which we should go
C. that we would go D. we should go
72. ________for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see films so often.
A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If it has not been
73. _____ Xi Jinping said on the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it was essential that
we _____ better tell China’s stories and make China’s voice heard.
A. As; must B. What; may C. As; should D. What; can
74. Recent years have seen a growing increase in the emergence of cyber terms, without which our life _____ so
colorful nowadays.
A. won’t be B. hadn’t been
C. wouldn’t be D. can’t be
75. How________ you expect to get something in return when you never willingly lend a hand to others?
A. shall B. can C. should D. dare
76. He suggested that the problems ______ paid special attention to.
A. referred to being B. refer to being C. referred to be D. referring to be
77. — No wonder you caught a cold. You _____ out last night without a coat.— I know how silly I was.
A. shouldn’t have gone B. mustn’t have gone
C. couldn’t have gone D. mightn’t have gone
78. ------Is Professor Smith giving the speech today?
------It ______ be him. He is abroad right now.
A. needn’t B. can’t
C. wouldn’t D. mustn’t
79. How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A. shut B. have shut
C. had shut D. would shut
80. It __________ Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.
A. may be B. might have been
C. must have been D. could be
81. I recommend that he ________ a lawyer.
A. sees B. see C. to see D. seeing
82. —Hi, Lucy. I hear you failed the driving test last week.
—Bad luck! When I wanted to stop my car, the brake work.
A. mustn't B. won't C. shan't D. wouldn't
83. ——I left my handbag on the train, but luckily someone gave it to a railway official.
——How unbelievable to get it back! I mean, someone ______ it.
A. will have stolen B. might have stolen
C. should have stolen D. must have stolen
84. We ______the difficulty together, but why didn’t you call me?
A. should face B. might face
C. must have faced D. might have faced
85. —What happened to the young trees we planted last week?
—The trees ____ well, but I ____ them.
A. might grow; hadn’t watered B. needn’t have grown; didn’t water
C. would have grown; didn’t water D. would grow; hadn’t watered
86. —Would you ___ him how to deal with it, had it been possible?
—Yes, but I ____too tired, or I _____ him a hand.
A. tell; was; would
B. have told; was; would have givenC. have told; was; would give
D. have told; were; would have given
87. ________in the regulations that nobody ______any important information concerning the enterprise.
A. What is required; gives away B. As is required; give away
C. It is required; give away D. It requires; gives away
88. According to the regulations, anyone who has the intention to be a teacher _______ pass a series of
demanding tests.
A. can B. would C. might D. shall
89. _____ for the fact that she got hit by a car and broke her leg on her way to school, she might have passed the
exam.
A. Had it not been B. Were it not
C. Was it not D. Hadn’t it been
90. Investigators urged that safety procedures at the construction site ___________ as soon as possible.
A. would improve B. were improved
C. improved D. be improved
91. The teacher commanded that all the students ________ the classroom before he returned.
A. mustn’t leave B. didn’t leave C. not leave D. wouldn’t leave
92. The boy student is poor in health now; his parents wish that his health _____when he grows up
A. can improve B. could improve
C. can be improved D. could be improving
93. Jane’s pale face suggested that she ______ ill and her parents suggested that she ______ a medical exam.
A. be; should have B. was; have
C. should be; had D. was; had
94. —Oh, God! I was almost hit by the car. It was driving so fast!
—This is a busy crossroad. You ______ be too careful when crossing the street.
A. may not B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. cannot
95. I___________ worry about the final test — I always get well prepared before it comes.
A. can’t B. mustn’t C. daren’t D. needn’t
96. How I wish every family a large house with a beautiful garden!
A. has B. will have C. had D. had had
97. If you had told me in advance，I __________ him at the airport.
A. will meet B. would meet
C. will have met D. would have met四、语法填空
补全句子
98. It last night，for the road was quite muddy.
昨天晚上一定下雨了，因为路上很泥泞。
99. He has made the teachers are very pleased with him.
他进步得如此快，以至于老师们对他感到很满意。
100. I haven’t passed the English examination. .
我没有通过英语考试。我弟弟也是如此。
101. How do I know you’ll ?
我怎么会知道你是否会遵守诺言？
参考答案
一、
1. without whose help I would never have made so great progress.
【解析】考查定语从句和虚拟语气。句中有without，所填定语从句应用虚拟语气，与过去事实相反，谓
语动词用“would have done”，根据句意“不会取得这么大的进步”，为“I would never have made so great
progress”。分析句子结构，句子为定语从句，先行词为Professor Smith，关系词在从句中作定语，故应用
关系代词whose引导该从句。故填without whose help I would never have made so great progress.
2. has a desire be admitted
【解析】考查短语，时态和名词性从句中的虚拟语气。表示“渴望”短语为have a desire，其后用that引
导同位语从句，从句不是表示客观事实，是一种愿望，用(should) do sth.构成虚拟语气，should可以省略；
表示“被录取”短语为be admitted into。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为she，谓语用三单形式。故
填①has a desire；②be；③admitted。
3. It’s crucial that the country (should) hold a nationwide campaign with the objective of
【解析】考查固定句型、虚拟语气、介词短语、动词和名词短语。根据句意以及句子要求可知，该句可
为It is crucial that...意为“……是至关重要的”固定句型，从句应使用虚拟语气，即从句的谓语动词用
“should+动词原形”形式，其中should可以省略。在该句型中，表示“带着……的目的”应为介词短语
with the objective of...；表示“举办，开展”为动词hold；表示“全国性的运动”应为名词短语a
nationwide campaign。故填It’s crucial that the country(should) hold a nationwide campaign with the objective
of。
4. insisted that every minute (should) be made full use of
【解析】考查时态和虚拟语气。表示“坚持要求”应用动词insist，主句谓语动词，一般过去时，insist所
接的宾语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略；从句主语为every minute ，表示“充分利用”短语为be made full use of，与主语构成被动关系。故填insisted that
every minute (should) be made full use of。
5. had been recorded
【解析】考查虚拟语气。“记录”record，根据句意可知，事实上他的经历没有被记录下来，句子描述的
情况与过去的事实相反，应用虚拟语气，从句应用过去完成时，record与主语his experience之间是被动关
系，应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been recorded。
6. can
【解析】考查情态动词。观察中英文句子可知，空处缺少情态动词，表示事情会发生，用can。故填：
can。
7. take the opportunity to
【解析】考查动词短语。结合句意“借此机会做某事”可知短语为take the opportunity to do sth.，且
should后跟动词原形。故填take the opportunity to。
8. If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner
【解析】考查虚拟语气。此处为if引出的条件从句，且与现在事实相反：主句用would (should, could,
might) +v.，从句动词用过去式（be通常用were）。表示“环卫工人”应用dustman；表示“让我们的城
市更干净”应用make our city cleaner。故填If I were a dustman, I would make our city cleaner。
9. should make friends
【解析】考查虚拟语气和固定短语。结合句意表示“和……交朋友”可知短语为make friends with sb.，且
此处为主语从句It is suggested that+(should) do，从句用虚拟语气。故填should make friends。
10. frighten us into
【解析】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“恐吓我们做某事”，是固定短语“frighten
us into”，can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形。故填frighten us into。
11. eat vegetables more often
【解析】考查动词。分析可知空格处是谓语动词，放在情态动词之后要用动词原形。表达：吃蔬菜，英
语用eat vegetables；表达：更经常地，英语用more often。故空格处填eat vegetables more often。
12. consult a map
【解析】考查动词。分析句子可知，句子为时间状语从句，主句中缺少谓语动词和宾语。consult意为
“查阅”，动词词性，在句中作谓语动词，位于情态动词may后面，故用原形。map意为“地图”，可
数名词，句中泛指一张地图，单词第一个音素为辅音音素，故用不定冠词a修饰，在句中作宾语。故填
consult a map。或者可以把consult a map记为固定短语，意为“查阅地图”。故填：consult a map。
13. put out
【解析】考查固定短语。根据汉语意思“灭掉”可知，句中涉及固定短语“put out”，意为“熄灭”，“had better do sth.”意为“最好做某事”，“had better”后接动词原形。故填put out。
14. sign up for
【解析】考查动词短语。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语表示“报名参加”的意思，因为
是在情态动词should后面，所以动词用原形的形式。故填sign up for。
15. have our bags
【解析】考查虚拟语气。使某物被...译为have sth.done，我们的包 our bags。require+that从句，使用
（should）do的虚拟形式，故填①have ②our ③bags。
16. would not have picked
【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据上文“If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous”可知表示与过
去事实相反：主句用would+have+过去分词，从句用过去完成时；此处为否定陈述句。故填
①would②not③have④picked。
17. must be
【解析】考查情态动词。主语后缺少谓语“肯定是”，用情态动词must+动词原形，形容词easy前用be
动词，故填must be。
18. make it
【解析】考查固定搭配。根据句意，空处应为词义为“获得成功”的固定搭配make it，且照应空前情态
动词“will”，应为动词原形。故填make it。
19. have to
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。结合句意表示“不得不做某事”短语为have to do sth.；且结合语境可知
应用一般现在时，主语为I，谓语动词用原形。故填have to。
20. depend on
【解析】考查动词短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“依靠”，用动词短语depend on，情态动词
have to后用动词原形，故填depend on。
21. had attended
【解析】考查虚拟语气和时态。本句是由If only引导的虚拟语气，此处缺乏谓语，由时间状语yesterday
可知，与过去事实相反，时态用过去完成时（had done），动词attend（参加）。故填①had②attended。
22. Even if I had the talent to play tennis
【解析】考查短语和虚拟语气。even if即使；have the talent to do sth.有做某事的才能；play tennis打网球。
even if引导与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时。根据句意，故填Even if I had the talent to
play tennis。
23. how we can get
【解析】考查名词性从句。表示“我们怎样能弄到”为名词性从句，从句中要注意时态、语序和引导词。根据句意和前文is可知，用一般现在时；从句用陈述语序；用引导词how引导。表达为how we can get，
作表语。故填①how；②we；③can；④get。
24. end up costing
【解析】考查动词短语。根据汉语提示和句意，设空处为“最终会花费”，“最终做某事”表达为动词
短语end up doing，动名词作宾语；此处考查动词短语cost sb an arm and a leg，意为“花了某人一大笔
钱”，空前为情态动词could，后接动词原形，故填end up costing。
25. should take steps/measures/action
【解析】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。此处suggest后跟宾语从句需用虚拟语气，谓语用should+动词原形；
表示“采取措施”短语为take steps/measures/action。故填should take steps/measures/action。
26. must apologise for not being
【解析】考查固定短语。“因为……而道歉”译为apologise for doing，“能够”译为be able to，结合其
他汉语意思，故答案为must apologise for not being。
27. would have played/could have played
【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据所给句子及汉语提示可知，本句表示“他本会为英格兰踢球的。事实上他
没有为英格兰踢球”，结合时间状语last week可知，是对过去的假设，表示对过去的虚拟使用
“would/could have played”，表示“本会/要去做……但却没做……”，故填would/could have played。
28. rush to the conclusion that
【解析】考查同位语从句。根据句意中“急于得出结论”可知，应该翻译为“rush to the conclusion”，由
后面的从句“ one of the news gives false in formation”可知从句不缺少成分，是用来解释前面的抽象名词
conclusion，因此从句为同位语从句，所以由that来引导。故填rush to the conclusion that。
29. highly recommend that you (should) make good preparations
【解析】考查时态、副词和虚拟语气。由句意可知，本句讲的是事实，时态用一般现在时，副词
highly(非常)作状语修饰动词recommend(建议)，谓语动词recommend后接that引导的宾语从句，从句用虚
拟语气“(should) do”，make preparations for(做准备)；再根据其它汉语提示，故填highly recommend that
you (should) make good preparations。
30. had better go back
【解析】考查情态动词和动词短语。根据汉语“最好回”可知，用情态动词had better+动词原形，go back
表示回，是固定短语，作谓语动词短语。故填had better go back。
31. it can survive
【解析】考查情态动词+动词原形。分析句子结构可知，“_____ the extinction of one of them.”为主句，
“它”为it，作主句主语，“能幸存下来”应用情态动词+动词原形，即can survive，故填it can survive。32. you must smoke
【解析】考查情态动词。根据句意，主语为you，用情态动词must表示“非要”，表达一种强烈的不满
或责备，后接动词原形smoke（抽烟），故填you must smoke。
33. should we
【解析】考查部分倒装句。当否定词或半否定词放在句首的时候，要使用部分倒装句。本句中not放在句
首，所以把should提前，构成部分倒装句。句意：我们不仅应该要勇敢，而且要谨慎。故填should we。
二、
34. had taken
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我上次接受你的建议，这样我就不会被别人责备了。虚拟语气通
常用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式：①表示与现在
事实相反的愿望，用过去时：②表示与过去事实相反的愿望，用过去完成时：③表示与将来事实相反的
愿望，用could / would+ / might+动词原形。根据“last time”可知，此处表示与过去事实相反，从句用过
去完成时。故填had taken。
35. could
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：这位睿智的老人告诉他去漓江旅行——也许他可以从世界上最伟大的艺
术家那里学到一点儿东西。根据谓语动词told，可知句子的时态为一般过去时，表示对过去的推测用
could，故填could。
36. refreshing refresh refreshments
【解析】考查形容词、动词和名词。句意：我觉得在乡下散步使人精神焕发，在那里我可以喝杯茶提神，
吃点点心。第一空应填形容词作宾语补足语，refreshing使人精力充沛的，令人耳目一新的，形容词；第
二空是where引导的定语从句的谓语动词，refresh使恢复精力，使凉爽，动词，情态动词can后接动词原
形；第三空应填名词作宾语，refreshments茶点，点心，常用复数形式。故填
①refreshing②refresh③refreshments。
37. would have come
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：要是你邀请我们的话，我们就会来参加你的聚会。根据句意和句中“Had
you invited us”可知，句子为与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，省略了“if”，主句谓语为“would have done”形
式，“come”的过去分词为“come”，故空格处应填“would have come”。故填would have come。
38. had turned
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：那个女人一动不动地站在河边，好像变成了一块石头。as if引导的从句表
示所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，应用虚拟语气；此处是表示与过去事实相反，
应用过去完成时。故填had turned。
39. (should) be completed【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意: 我们要求在本周末之前完成这项任务。request表示“要求”时引导的 that
从句中，要用虚拟语气，其谓语动词形式为 should + 动词原形，其中 should 可以省略，主句中的时态
不限。从句中主语task与谓语动词构成被动，故填(should) be completed。
40. Did buy bought give
【解析】考查一般过去时和情态动词的用法。句意：——你昨天买电影票了吗？——是的，我买了两张。
我可以给你一张。根据yesterday可知，此处应用一般过去时。情态动词can后应用动词原形。故填
①Did②buy③bought④give。
41. would/should/could/might make
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他去上清华大学，他会充分利用他的时间。结合句意可知表示对将
来情况的虚拟，从句用了should+动词原形，主句用would/should/could/might+动词原形。故填would/
should/could/might make。
42. (should) get
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：关于你的病，建议你向医生寻求帮助。recommend表示建议所接的宾语
从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故填(should) get。
44. using were
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我总是用不同的声音朗读，就好像我在用我的声音把故事表演出来，
他们很喜欢！句子谓语动词是read，第一空use与逻辑主语I构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语；第二
空as though从句中表示与现在事实相反，应用一般过去时表示虚拟，be动词用were。故填①using；
②were。
45. (should) take
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：医生建议他休息。suggest表示“建议”时，所接的宾语从句一般用虚拟
语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故填(should) take。
46. evaluate evaluation
【解析】考查动词和名词。句意：我们必须评估火灾造成的后果。情态动词must后应用动词原形构成谓
语；不定冠词an后应用名词单数作make的宾语。故空1填evaluate；空2填evaluation。
47. had
【解析】考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：如果年轻时没有工作上的压力，她现在会健康得多。根据句意可
知，句子描述过去已经发生事情相反的条件和将会造成的现在的结果，为错综时间条件句，条件部分用
had done结构，had提到主语she前，进行部分倒装。故填：had。
48. （should） start
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：她要求我们立刻开始。此处考查句型require that sb (should) do sth要求某
人做某事，此时that引导的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，谓语动词用should+动词原形，should可以省略，故填（should） start 。
49. (should) be simplified
【解析】考查虚拟语气以及被动语态。句意：建议简化你报告中提到的信息。根据句意可知，句中
suggest表示“建议”意思，连用的名词性从句（本句中为主语从句），需用虚拟语气表达，动词用
should+动词原形，should可省略；动词simplify和主语the information之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，
结构为be+动词过去分词。故填(should) be simplified。
50. were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：那个女人站在那里，仿佛她是一尊雕像。as if好像，引导与客观事实相反
的虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时，be动词用were。根据句意，故填were。
51. be lengthened
【解析】考查动词。句意：对于刚开始运动的人来说，强烈建议慢慢延长训练时间。分析句子，句中it is
recommendable that sb （should）do为虚拟语气，意为“推荐某人应该做某事”，该结构中should可以省
略。故设空处使用该使用length的动词lengthen作主语从句的谓语动词，意为“延长”。同时the time 与
lengthen之间的关系是被动关系，用被动语态。故填be lengthened。
52. had told
【解析】考查if引导的虚拟条件句。句意：如果你事先告诉我，我就会去机场接他了。分析句子结构可
知，if引导了虚拟条件句，根据主句中的would have met可知，本句话是对过去事实相反的假设，所以if
从句中要用过去完成时态。故填had told。
53. could/can/may/might
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：与此同时，实时的、详细的地球表面地图可以/可能以惊人的方式帮助人
类。aid是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，根据语境可知，句子表示“实时的、详细的地球表面地图可
以/可能以惊人的方式帮助人类”，空格处意为“可以/可能”，用情态动词could/can/may/might。故填
could/can/may/might。
54. would/could/might/should
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对这么多的障碍，我就不会是现在的我。分析可知，本句
是错综时间的虚拟语气，根据空后where I am可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词可使用
would或could或might或should+do。故填would/could/might/should。
55. placed
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们该重视食品安全的提高了。It is time +that clause，从句谓语动词常用
一般过去时态。故该空填placed。
56. would build
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我有足够的钱，我会为我的父母建一所大房子。分析句子，本句运用了虚拟语气，从句用一般过去时态，表示与将来事实相反的假设，主句应用would+动词原形，故填
would build。
57. were
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：事实上，罗伊特写道，“如果食物浪费是一个国家，它将是世界第三大
温室气体产生国。”分析句子结构可知，此处为If引导的虚拟条件状语从句，结合句意可知，该句是对
现在的虚拟，谓语动词用一般过去式，be动词常用were。故填were。
58. were would teach
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我是你，我会好好教训他一顿。根据句意，此题考查虚拟语气，为
与现在事实相反的假设，if从句中的be动词应用were；主句部分为would do，应用would teach。故填：
①were；②would teach。
59. （should）be conveyed
【解析】考查宾语从句和被动语态。句意：官员命令立即将必需品运送到地震灾区。分析句子结构可知，
这是一个宾语从句，ordered 表示“命令”，宾语从句要用虚拟语气结构(should)+动词原形，其中should
可以省略；动词convey意为“运送”，与逻辑主语necessities之间是被动关系，应该使用被动语态结构，
should后被动语态应该用动词原形be。故填（should）be conveyed。
60. had told
【解析】考查虚拟语气。根据句中时间状语last week可知，与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故从句用过去
完成时。句意：如果你上周告诉我你的麻烦，我本来可以帮忙的。故填had told。
61. might/could/should/would
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：亨利在这次打赌中扮演了被动角色。如果他从一开始就知道这一切，会
发生什么？本句话if引导虚拟条件句，分析句意可知是对过去事实的假设，所以if从句中用过去完成时
态，主句为would/could/should/might + have done。故填might/could/should/would。
62. have spoken
【解析】考查情态动词固定结构。句意：我今天上午在会议室没看见她，她不可能在会议上发言了。结
合句意表示对过去的推测，意为“不可能做了某事”短语为couldn't have done。故填have spoken。
63. might/may can't can/could must must
【分析】本题考查完成句子，注意情态动词的使用。
【解析】（1）句意：——打扰一下 ,这是去颐和园的路吗?——抱歉 ,我不确定，但是可能是吧。肯定的
推测一般用must或may（might）,其中must的可能性很大，几乎接近事实，may（might）较小，答语中
的“I'm not sure”暗示说话人对所谈论的事把握不大，故填might/may。
（2）——你知道David在哪儿吗?我在任何地方都找不到他。——哦,他不可能走远,他的外套还在这儿。
can表示推测,用于否定句中时,意为“不可能,一定不会”，故填can't。（3）句意:Bush先生做每件事都准时，他怎么可能会在这么重要的会议上迟到呢?疑问句中的推测,往往用
can或could，此时can/could表示可能性,有惊异、怀疑、不相信之意，故填can/could。
（4）句意:他一定完成了工作,要不然,他不会在海边玩得那么开心。用“must+have done”表示对已发生事
情的肯定推测，故填must。
（5）句意:瞧!办公室的灯还亮着,我们的英语老师一定正在批改我们的试卷。根据“Look! The light in the
office is still on”可推测“英语老师肯定正在批改试卷”，故填must。
三、
64. A
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我们班每个人都通过了考试。——哦，真的吗？这不会很难。根据
上下句句意可知，此处为对过去事实否定的推测，用can’t have done。故选A项。
65. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：嫉妒别人的成功是没有用的，是该你努力工作的时候了。在It’s time
(that). ..句式中，如果表示“现在该做某事”时，从句的谓语用动词的过去式或“should＋动词原
形”(should不能省略)。分析语境可知，D符合题意，故选D。
66. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他学习再努力一点，他就能通过考试了。句中Had he studied harder
是一种省略倒装的形式，相当于If he had studied harder，是虚拟语气的用法，与过去事实相反，从句中用
的是过去完成时，主句用would +have +过去分词。故选C。
67. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的英语老师坚持要求作业要明天早上提交。insist表示“坚持要求”
时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，动词用（should）+动词原形，should可以省略。句中homework和
hand in是被动关系，故选C。
68. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：她经常在QQ上和朋友们分享她内心最深处的想法和担心，好像他们正在
客厅里聊天似的。根据语境可知，as if引导的状语从句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气，因此，从句中用
be的过去式were。故选A。
69. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我们很幸运地订到了一个房间，否则的话，我们现在就会无处可去了。
根据句意及句子结构可知，此句是or引导含蓄虚拟条件句。根据now可知，此句是对现在进行虚拟，因
此用would+动词原形，故选C。
【名师点睛】本题考查含蓄虚拟语气和错综时间虚拟语气。比较常见的是if引导的虚拟条件句，由
otherwise, or, without等引出的相反的情况被称为“含蓄虚拟语气”。or引出相反的情况，对过去虚拟，主句用would+have done，但是主句中有“now”，表示与现在相反，因此用would+动词原形。
70. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在春节期间要求实行以真实姓名购买火车票的系统。It is demanded that＋
从句，从句中要用（should）+动词原形。句子中the system与carry之间是被动关系，故要用（should）
be carried，故选B。
71. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们去看艺术展，我们每个人都对此很感兴趣。本题考查
suggestion后接同位语从句的用法；英语中表示”建议、要求、命令”的词与名词性从句连用，从句中的
动词用：(should)+动词原形”，should可以省略；本题中suggestion表示建议，后面从句说明了
suggestion的内容，是同位语从句，所以从句中动词为(should)go；从句we (should) go to see the art
exhibition 从句意到成分都是完整的，所以需要引导词that。故选A。
72. C
【解析】考查if引导的非真实条件句和部分倒装。句意：如果不是因为有这张免费票，我就不会去看电
影了。此处是if引导的非真实条件句，与过去的事实相反，所以if条件句用过去完成时，且if省略时，
则从句用部分倒装，把助动词had提到主语的前面。故选C。
73. C
【解析】考查定语从句和虚拟语气。句意：正如习近平在中国共产党第20届全国代表大会上所说，我们
必须讲好中国故事，传递好中国声音。第一个空引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如”，指代后面整个
主句内容并在从句中作宾语，应用as；It is/was essential that从句，这个固定句型中，要求that从句必须
使用虚拟语气，即从句谓语由“should do sth”构成，且should可以省略，故选C。
74. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：近年来，网络用语的出现越来越多，没有它们，我们的生活就不会如此
丰富多彩。结合句意可知此处非限制性定语从句是虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，故选C。
【点睛】由but for、 with、without、 otherwise等介词短语引导的句中。此类介词短语多引导含条件意味
的虚拟语气。如：①The ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the captain. 要没有船长
的努力，那这只船及船上所有的人都沉没了。②Without your help, I wouldn’t do the experiment well. 有了
你的帮助，我会把实验好好地做的。③I am really busy, otherwise I would certainly go with you. 我真得好忙，
否则我当然跟你一起去了。
75. B
【解析】试题分析：句意:你怎么会期望得到回报，当你从来都不愿意帮助他人时？A. shall将会；B. can
表示能力，也可以表示被允许；与how连用表示强烈的感受；C. should应该；D. dare敢。故选B。
76. C【解析】考查非谓语动词、语态和虚拟语气。句意：他建议应该要对涉及到的问题给予重视。分析句子
可知，宾语从句中的谓语动词是paid，故空格处用非谓语，根据与逻辑主语problems是被动关系，故用
过去分词referred to；主句的谓语动词是suggested，表示“建议”，其后面的宾语从句用should do，
should可以省略，与主语problems是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。
77. A
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：难怪你感冒了。你昨晚本不该不穿外套出去。——我知道我有多蠢了。
“shouldn’t+have+done”表示本来不应该做某事，而实际做了，含有指责对方或自责的含意。结合句意，
故选A。
78. B
【解析】B考查情态动词。句意：——史密斯教授今天做演讲吗?——那是不可能的，他现在在国外。A.
needn't不必；B. can't 不可能；C. wouldn’t将不；D. mustn't禁止。这里根据He is abroad right now.所以确
定不可能是他，故选B。
79. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我多么希望在我跟妈妈大吼之前把嘴巴闭起来。分析句意可知，wish后
的宾语从句与过去事实相反，所以此处用过去完成时表示虚拟。故选C项。
80. C
【解析】考查推测。句意：一定是Tom刚才把车停在这里了，因为他是唯一一个有车的人。might have
done表示对过去事情不肯定推测； must have done表示对过去事情肯定推测；may be和could be 是对现
在的推测。由后面的句子as he is the only one with a car可以知道这是对过去事情的肯定推测，故选选C。
81. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：我建议他去找个律师。recommend表示“建议”时，所接的宾语从句一
般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故选B。
82. D
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。A. mustn't不可以；B. won't不会；C. shan't不应该；D. wouldn't不会。句意：
当我想要停车的时候，刹车不起作用了。根据语境可知，此处描述的是过去的动作，应使用一般过去时。
故D选项正确。
83. B
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：——我把手提包落在火车上了，但是，幸运的是，有人把它送到了铁路
办公室。——能重新找回真是难以置信！我是说，有人可能已经偷走了它。may/might have done可能已经
做了某事；should have done本应该做某事（实际上未做）；must have done一定已经做了某事。根据情境
可知，手提包没有被偷，这里只是一个不确定的推测。故B正确。
84. D【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：我们可以一起面对困难，但你为什么不打电话给我？根据“why
didn’t you call me?”中的过去时可知，空格处是对过去的推测，must have done是对过去的肯定推测，意为
“肯定做过某事”，might have done意为“本可以做，而事实上没有做成”，句子表示“我们本可以一起
面对困难”，故选D。
85. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气，时态。句意：——上周种的树发生了什么事？——这些树本可以长的很好，但
是没有细心照料他们。根据所给句子句意及分析可知，第一个设空处表示这些树本可以长得很好，would
have done 表示和过去事实相反，是对过去发生事情的虚拟，本可以做却没做；第二空根据后面使用了转
折but来看。表示事实上没有浇水，是过去的事实，用一般过去时，故选C。
86. B
【解析】考查虚拟语气及时态。句意：——如果可能的话，你会告诉他怎么处理吗？——是的，但我太
累了，否则我会帮他一把。析句子结构可知，第一个句中的“had it been possible”虚拟条件句的省略，原
句为“if it had bee possible”，所以这虚拟条件句，是对过去事实的假设，主句中用would have done的结
构；第二句话为含蓄虚拟条件句。but后面为真实事实，句子为一般过去时态，主语为I，所以系动词用
was；or后面的句子为对过去事实的假设，所以用would have done结构。故选B。
87. C
【解析】考查主语从句和虚拟语气。句意：规定中要求任何人都不能泄露企业的重要信息。分析句子可
知，that引导主语从句作真正的主语，require是谓语动词，与that从句是被动关系，用被动语态，第一空
结合句意表示“要求的是……”为句型it is requred that...，it作形式主语，reqire且表示要求，主语从句用
用虚拟语气，谓语为should+动词原形，should可以省略；nobody后跟动词原形give away。故选C。
88. D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：根据规定，任何想当老师的人都必须通过一系列严格的考试。shall表示
法律规定的义务或责任，故D项正确。
89. A
【解析】考查if条件句的虚拟语气及其省略。句意：如果不是因为她在上学的路上被车撞了，摔断了腿，
她可能已经通过考试了。根据句意，主句中might have passed可知是与过去事实相反的虚拟。本题主句用
might have passed那么从句就用had done结构 ；虚拟条件句中省略if ，而把助动词had提到主语前。A
符合if条件句的虚拟语气中主句的用法。故选A 。
90. D
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：调查人员敦促建筑工地上的安全操作要尽早改善。动词urge后的宾语从
句要使用“should+动词原形”的虚拟语气，其中should可以省略。本句主语safety procedures at the
construction site与improve构成被动关系，要用被动语态，句中还省略了should。故D项正确。91. C
【解析】考查使用虚拟语气。句意：他命令在他回来之前，所有的学生不得离开教室。谓语动词是
command，command作“命令”之意时，后面的宾语从句要用(should)+动词原形，通常should可以省略，
本题补充完整是The teacher commanded that all the students should not leave the classroom before he returned.
故选C。
【点睛】在表示建议，命令，要求等动词后的从句要用（should）+动词原形。此类动词有：suggest，
advise，propose，demand，require，insist（要求），order，prefer，command，ask，request等。
如：The teacher ordered that all the books（should）be handed in on time.
92. B
【解析】试题分析：考查wish虚拟条件句。wish对将来的虚拟用 wish that sb could do sth.句意：这个男
孩现在身体很差，他的父母希望他长大后身体状况能够改善。 故选 B。
考点：考查wish虚拟条件句
93. B
【解析】考查suggest的用法。句意：Jane的苍白的脸表明她病了，她的父母建议她去体检。第一个
suggest是“表明，显示”的意思，宾语从句时态与主句一致，为一般过去时；第二个suggest是“建议”
的意思，后面是一个虚拟语气，固定用法为should+动词原形，其中should常省略。故选B。
94. D
【解析】考查情态动词辨析。句意：——哦,上帝! 我差点被车撞了。 它开得真快! ——这是一个繁忙的
十字路口。 过马路时越小心越好。 A. may not可能不；B. needn't不需要；C. mustn't禁止，不准；D.
cannot不能。根据句意以及句式结构，可知此处考查can't be too + adj. （再...也不为过）。故选D项。
95. D
【解析】考查情态动词。句意：我没有必要担心我的期末考试，我总是在期末考试到来之前做好准备。
A. can’t 不可能；B. mustn’t禁止；C. daren’t不敢；D. needn’t没有必要。由I always have my plans ready
before it comes 可知，needn’t “没有必要” 符合句意。故选D。
96. C
【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意:我多么希望每个家庭都有一个带着美丽花园的大房子！此句是wish引导的
从句，从句要虚拟语气，根据wish可知是与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时。故选C项。
97. D
【解析】试题分析： 考查虚拟语气。如果你提前告诉我，我会在机场遇到他。根据If you had told me in
advance可知表示对过去的虚拟，故主句用would have done,所以选D项。
四、
98. must have rained 99. such rapid progress that 100. Neither has my brother 101. keep your word【解析】98. 考查推测句。根据提示可知，本句考查对过去情况的肯定推测，其结构为must have done，
故填must have rained。
99. 考查固定句型。根据提示可知，本句考查固定句型such+n+that…如此……以至于，“很快的进
步”rapid progress，故填such rapid progress that。
100. 考查部分倒装。根据提示可知，本句考查前者所说的否定情况也适合于后者，其表达为neither+助动
词/be/情态动词+主语，根据haven’t passed 判断为现在完成时，其对应的助动词是have/has，又主语是my
brother，故用助动词has，故填Neither has my brother。
101. 考查短语。根据提示可知，本句考查短语“遵守诺言”keep one’s word，will后用动词原形，故填
keep your word
