Unit3 Environmental Protection
词汇（一）
1.ecology n．生态;生态学
2．melt vi.& vt.(使)融化;熔化;软化
3．release vt.& n．排放;释放;发布
4．carbon n．碳
5．fuel n．燃料;刺激性言行
6．comprehensive adj.全部的;所有的;详尽的
7．trend n．趋势;趋向;动向
8．broadcast vt.& vi.广播;传播 n．广播节目
9．policy n．政策;方针;原则
10．seize vt.抓住;夺取;控制
11．basin n．流域;盆地;盆
12．reform vt.&vi.改革;(使)改正 n．改革;变革
13．annual adj.每年的;一年的 n．年刊;年鉴
14．chaos n．混乱;杂乱;紊乱
15．nuclear adj.原子能的;核能的;原子核的
16．jungle n．(热带)从林;密林
17．smog n．烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
18．volume n．量;体积;(成套书籍中的)一卷
19．garbage n．垃圾;废物
20．enterprise n．公司;企业;事业
21．restore vt.恢复;使复原;修复
22．dozen n．(一)打;十二个
23．fine vt.对……处以罚款
24．campaign n．运动;战役vi.& vt.参加运动
25．agenda n．议程表;议事日
词汇（二）
1．graph n．图;图表;曲线图
2．emission n．排放物;散发物;排放
3．seal n．海豹
4．methane n．甲烷;沼气
5．dioxide n．二氧化物
6．habitable adj.适合居住的
7．fossil n．化石
8．worldwide adv.遍及全球地adj.世界各地的9．footprint n．足迹;(某物所占的)空间量;面积
10．penguin n．企鹅
11．undergo vt.经历;经受(变化、不快等)
12．implement vt.使生效;贯彻;执行
13．moderate adj.适度的;中等的vi.& vt.缓和
14．tropical adj.热带的;来自热带的
15．originate vi.& vt.起源;发源;创立
16．regulation n．章程;规章制度
17．disposal n．去掉;清除;处理
18．waterway n．水道;航道
19．Norway 挪威(北欧国家)
短语
1．carbon dioxide 二氧化碳
2．fossil fuel 化石燃料(如煤或石油)
3．on behalf of 代表(代替)某人
4．dozens of 许多；很多
5． be shocked by 被...震惊
6． force...to do 迫使...做某事
7. be trapped in 陷入困境；被困在
8. refer to 指的是；提到；参考；涉及
9. huge amounts of 大量的
10. lead to 导致
11. take action 采取行动
12. cause damage 造成损伤；造成损害
13. have an impact on 对...有影响
14. take responsibility for 为...负责
15. contribute to导致；促成
16. have an effect on对……有影响
17. on behalf of代表（代替）某人
18. carry out 执行
19. in search of寻找
20. die out灭绝
21. be responsible for 为……负责
22. bring about引起；导致
23. end up最终……
句式（一）1．There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer.
毫无疑问，地球正在不断变暖。
2．Without this process，Earth could not sustain life.
如果没有这个过程，地球就不能维持生命。
3.With these measures，it is believed that the beauty of the Li River will be preserved for generations to come.有
了这些措施，人们相信，漓江的美会被保留下来给后代。
句式（二）
1.An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body，the bear
appeared to have starved and died.一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置看，它似乎是饿死
的。
2.The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths.热量以更长的波长释放回太空。
3.We as individuals can also reduce our “carbon footprint”by restricting the amount of carbon dioxide our
lifestyles produce 我们也可以通过限制生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹”。
4.It is our responsibility to seize every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its
causes and impacts，because this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet.
我们有责任抓住每一个机会教育每个人，使他们了解全球变暖，它的原因和影响，因为这是影响我们地球
上所有人最严重的问题。
5....promote a harmonious relationship between man and nature，build a sustainable energy system，and
advocate a moderate，green，and low-carbon lifestyle.……倡导人与自然和谐相处，构建可持续能源体系，倡
导适度、绿色、低碳的生活方式。
6.According to the report submitted by researchers，between 20 and 25 percent of all annual carbon dioxide
emissions are caused by the destruction of tropical forests.根据研究人员提交的报告，每年20%到25%的二氧化
碳排放是由热带森林的破坏造成的。
7.Why is nuclear power a sensitive topic? 为什么核能是一个敏感话题？
8.Continued greenhouse gas emissions will result in further warming and long-lasting changes to the global
climate.持续的温室气体排放将导致全球气候进一步变暖和长期的变化。
9.I’m doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming.我正在代表学校做一个关于全球变暖的项
目。
10.The expression “smog” originated in Britain and means combination of “smoke”and“fog”.“烟雾”一词起源
于英国，意思是“烟”和“雾”的组合。
11.Local officials were concerned that the pollution was damaging the natural environment and felt that urgentsteps should be taken to restore the river’s original beauty.当地官员担心污染正在破坏自然环境，并认为应采取
紧急措施恢复河流的原貌。
12.Many tour boats contributed to the problem too.许多游船也造成了这个问题。
教材话题题型综合训练
词性转换（一）
1．steadily adv.平稳地→ adj.平稳的
2．economy n．经济→ adj.经济的，经济上的；合算的→ n．经济学
3．disturb v．干扰，扰乱→ adj.心神不安的；烦恼的→ adj.令人不安的；引起烦恼的
4．operator n．经营者→ v．经营；操作→ n．手术；运转；操作
5．conservationist n．(动植物或古旧建筑的)保护工作者；环境保护主义者→ v．保护；保存→
n．保护；保持→ adj.保守的；守旧的
6．applicant n．申请人→ v．申请；应用；实施→ n．应用；申请
7．favour n．支持，赞同→ adj.给人好印象的；赞同的，支持的；有利的→ adj.最喜欢
的 n．最喜爱的人或事物
8．advertise v．(为……)做广告(宣传)；登广告→ n．广告商→ n．广告
9．negotiable adj.可协商的→ v．谈判；商议→ n．谈判
10．preference n．优先(权)；偏爱；喜爱→ v．更喜欢
11．qualification n．技能条件，资格→ v．取得资格；使合格；(使)有资格→ adj.有资格
的；合格的；胜任的
词性转换（二）
12．lighten v. 照亮，使轻松→ vt. 启迪；指导，教导
13．exceptional adj. 异常的；特别的→ adv. 极其，非常
14．restrict vt. 限制，约束→ n. 限制，规定，约束
15．bearable adj. 可忍受的；能应付的→ adj. 难以忍受的；承受不住的
16．trouble n. 困难；苦恼→ adj. 引起麻烦的；令人烦恼的
17．tend vi. 趋向；走向；倾向→ n. 倾向
18．initial adj. 最初的→ adv. 起初
19．excite vt. 使激动；使兴奋→ n. 兴奋，激动
20．imitate vt. 模仿；仿效→ n. 模仿，仿效
21．pain n. 疼痛，痛苦→ adj. 令人痛苦的；困难的；疼痛的
词性转换（二）22．illegal adj. 非法的；不合法的 → adv. 不合法地；非法地→ adv. 合法地
23．beauty n. 美；美人；美好的东西→ vt. 使美丽→ adj. 美的，美好的
24．extinct adj. 已灭绝的→ n. 灭绝→ adj. 使消灭的
25．danger n. 危险；风险→ vt. 使遭受危险；危害→ adj. 危险的
26．concern v. 涉及；让……担忧→ adj. 担心的；关切的→ prep. 关于；涉及
27．intend vi. & vt. 打算；计划；想要→ adj. 打算的；计划的→ n. 意图，目
的，打算
28．adapt vi. 适应vt. 使适应；使适合→ n. 改编本，改写本；适应→ adj. 有
适应能力的
29．threat n. 威胁→ vt. 威胁；危及→ adj. 受到威胁的
30．harmony n. 和谐；融洽→ adj. 和谐的
31．exist vi. 存在；生存→ n. 存在
词性转换（四）
32． n.排放；(光、热、气等的)发出； 射出； 排放物→ vt.发出；放出(热/光/气等)
33． vi.& vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化→ adj.融化的；熔化的
34． vi.& vt.(使)挨饿；饿死→ n.饥饿；饿死→ adj.饿极了
35． vt.维持；遭受；承受住→ adj.可持续的；合理利用的
36． vt.限制；限定；束缚→ n.限制规定；限制法规；约束
37． vt.使生效；贯彻；执行→ n.执行
38． n.协调；和睦；融洽；调和→ adj.和谐的→ adv.和谐地
39． adj.适度的；中等的；温和的→ n.适度；适中；合理
40． v.提交/呈递；屈服→ n.提交/呈递；屈服/投降/归顺
41． adj.每年的/一年的→ adj.一年两度的→ adv.一年一次地
完成句子
42．Despite the loss of hearing, his outstanding contribution to classical music (充分说明) his great
talent.
43．All the staff (都深信这次改革会给他们带来一个新的开始).
44． (代表) the United Airlines pilots and ticket counter clerks, I regret to tell you of the
extended delay tonight.
45．Please allow me to thank you for your offer of help （代表）my colleagues.
46．The answers to these questions can (充分说明，清楚表明) the complexpsychological process.
47．Li Mei spoke (代表) on behalf of all the teachers.
48．It is generally believed that (温室气体排放是全球变暖的主要原因).
49．“ (要是……会怎么样) I can’t finish the book?” little Tom asked his father anxiously.
50．The report includes (公司未来发展的全面评估).
51．O (代表) everyone here I want to thank you for your help.
52．When does Lantern Festival (追溯到)?
53．What impressed me most was the (和谐的) atmosphere at the racecourse.
54．The patient (接受手术)on his heart.
55．He died during a (常规检查) which went wrong.
56．If I were you,I should (抓住这次机遇) to improve myself.
翻译
57．专业化很可能是未来人才培养的趋势，职业教育可以有效补足技术人才缺口。(likely)
58．众所周知，我们有责任抓住每一个机会，教育每个人了解全球变暖。
59．志愿者们正努力从非法捕猎中救出海豚，并将它们安全地送回大海。(release)
60．这本新出的书使我们对世界的不同文化有了深入的了解。（insight）
61．这是否意味着我们都以自己的方式美丽着？(way)
阅读理解
The ocean is a rich and seemingly lawless frontier. It’s a watery wild west, irresistible to humans hoping to
rob its many riches. That is the point throughout The High Seas: Greed, Power and the Battle for the Unclaimed
Ocean, a fast-paced and thoroughly reported book by science journalist Olive Heffernan.
The book begins by going rapidly through the waves of history that brought us to today. Then Heffernan
devotes a chapter each to different ways people are increasingly occupying international waters, an expansion
called the Blue Acceleration. Some are hunting for new fishing grounds. Others are searching for new medicines in
the DNA of deep-sea living things. Still others are exploring how to boost the ocean’s carbon uptake to help slow
climate change. Even the space industry wants a piece of the ocean — to create watery graveyards for uselessspacecraft.
The description from one ocean ambition to another emphasizes one of the book’s biggest takeaways: We’ve
established an unstable new type of ocean ecosystem, and it is going to be incredibly difficult maybe impossible to
balance all the priorities while also protecting ocean health and biodiversity.
Conflicting desires to rob the sea and protect it show up over and over again. “Nations urging conservation
in one area may push for increasing exploration in another,” Heffernan writes. The European Union in 2021, for
example, offered prizes to its fishing boats to range farther offshore, even as it committed to sustainable fishing.
Nations promising to protect sea life and fighting climate change may be the same countries that support deep-sea
mining, which may be harmful to life on the ocean floor. “The problem,” Heffernan says,“isn’t that the high seas
are without any rules. Rather, organizations and bodies each use their own rulebook.”
By the final chapter —“Hope for the high seas”— it’s hard to know what anyone could actually do to help
save the ocean. “We’re at a crucial crossroads.” Heffernan writes. “We can continue going ever deeper and further
offshore in our search for new sources of wealth, or we can strike a more sustainable balance.”she added.
62．What might the Blue Acceleration refer to?
A．The extensive exploration of oceans.
B．The negative influence of climate change.
C．The rapid expansion of oceanic research.
D．The increased competition in space industry.
63．What might be the reason for “conflicting desires” according to Heffernan?
A．The greed of human nature. B．The absence of ocean laws.
C．The lack of a consistent ocean policy. D．The gap in technological development.
64．What can we know about Heffernan?
A．She doubts international cooperation.
B．She cares about the ecological consequences.
C．She is optimistic about technological advancements.
D．She is certain of the success of ocean exploration.
65．What is the text?
A．A news report. B．A book review.
C．A research paper. D．A policy proposal.
七选五
Once upon a time, sewing and mending clothes was common. It was a skill passed down throughgenerations, ensuring that garments were cherished and maintained for longevity. But why have people stopped
mending their clothing? 66 .
However, the tide seems to be turning. In the past few years, there’s been a growing interest in slow fashion
—not just saving money, but also sewing and mending. 67 .
Why should you learn to mend? 68 . As any eco expert will tell you, the best thing you can do for the
planet is buy less to begin with. 69 . Additionally, it’s helpful to customize secondhand items which might
not be exactly the right size or a little out of date, giving them a new lease on life and keeping them out of waste
streams.
Beyond the functional benefits, mending is about using what you have, embracing imperfections, fixing
what’s broken, and rejecting the idea that newer is always better. 70 .
If you’re interested in sewing and mending, now is the perfect time to learn this new skill, which can have a
profoundly positive impact on the world.
A．Schools stopped offering home economics classes, technology boomed making new clothes readily available,
and fast fashion became increasingly popular, making it more convenient to buy something new than to fix what
was broken.
B．On one of the most pleasant corners of the Internet, you’ll find countless videos showcasing everything from
visible mending to beginner sewing journeys, indicating a resurgence in the art of repair.
C．From an environmental perspective, it’s essential.
D．It’s meditative, slow work that allows you to connect with your possessions on a deeper level. It’s productive,
deeply satisfying, and an act of personal and environmental stewardship.
E．That means shopping for quality items that will stand the test of time, but also learning a few key skills so you
can repair those items as needed rather than sending them to an already-overfilled landfill.
F．Mending clothes is a dying art that has little relevance in today’s consumer-driven society.
完形填空
In 1994, the Brazilian photographer Salgado went back to his homeland in Minas Gerais, Brazil. He was
71 to see the land run by his family. The thick forest there was once a paradise (乐园) for him and his friends,
bringing them 72 memories.
To his shock, he saw a totally different 73 . Only 0.5% of the land was covered with trees. “The land
was as sick as a serious patient — everything was 74 due to deforestation (乱砍滥伐).” Salgado said 75
during a meeting on climate change in Paris.
Salgado 76 that he should do something for it. Then he 77 an idea of replanting trees on theland, though beyond expectations, received 78 from his wife and relatives. Soon the whole family 79
and the results are excellent.
80 , the land is changing: It is covered with green trees again and some of the insects, birds and
other animals living in the land before 81 . The land has been brought back to life. The 82
family’s effort also impressed people around them. They 83 cutting down trees and began to protect the
environment.
“The work over the years is quite difficult but well worth the 84 and I think every bit of devoted
work 85 .” said Salgado. Therefore, everyone should play a part in protecting the environment.
71．A．sorry B．ready C．eager D．willing
72．A．wonderful B．embarrassing C．complex D．painful
73．A．direction B．atmosphere C．plan D．sight
74．A．disturbed B．destroyed C．prohibited D．abandoned
75．A．calmly B．nervously C．sadly D．lightly
76．A．admitted B．realized C．agreed D．proved
77．A．thought up B．laughed at C．turned down D．tried out
78．A．doubts B．permission C．suggestions D．support
79．A．backed off B．broke up C．took action D．got through
80．A．Suddenly B．Finally C．Gradually D．Generally
81．A．returned B．escaped C．approached D．died
82．A．generous B．brave C．devoted D．considerate
83．A．forgot B．stopped C．delayed D．missed
84．A．comment B．promise C．offer D．effort
85．A．increases B．matches C．improves D．matters
单句语法填空
86．In response to this environmental issue, China is aiming to restrict coal consumption and promote a
(harmony) relationship between man and nature.
87．With a mission (cultivate) China’s premier music landscape, besides the first show, Singer 2024
promises audiences another 11 live shows that (broadcast) in real time throughout the season.
88． (harmony) relationships are what many companies aim to cultivate.
89．When I reached the village, I found its surroundings difficult (tolerate).
90．The documents are available for (inspect).91．I’m sorry to say that I broke traffic (regulate) yesterday and got a ticket.
92．The museum has the most significant collection of timepieces in the world, mainly (originate)
from Europe and China.
93．The UNESCO World Heritage Center repeatedly urges that some cultural relics in Egypt
(restore) in order to prevent them from collapse.
94．If wastes were not recycled, they would end up (burn), giving out greenhouse gases.
95．Since the city (undergo) too much pollution, citizens undertook to reduce carbon emissions.
96．Because of global warming, the ice at the poles is melting, (cause) the sea level to rise.
97．Dozens of enterprises (submit) their plans to reduce their carbon footprint in the past ten
days.
98．With the moderate measures, we (build) a harmonious society in the future.
99．Have you your proposals? Do keep in mind that the final date for the
is May 15. (submit)
100．But for the rain, we (have) a nice holiday.
语篇填空
Scientists first discovered the two species in the Wolong National Nature Reserve in 2021. They later 101
(establish) that they were new orchid (兰花) and primrose (报春花) species. And then, the tiny orchid, Gastrochilus
heminii, 102 (add) to the list as a data-absent species by the International Union for Conservation of
Nature, meaning more information to assess its risk of 103 (extinct).
The primrose species, another data-absent flora, grows on cliffs at an altitude of 3,400 meters. So far,
scientists have only found one patch of this flower in the wild, making it 104 (exceptional) rare.
China owns some of the richest biodiversity in the world and has a relatively fine flora protection system,
according to a white paper on China’s biodiversity protection.
The reasons for the wealth of many 105 (discovery) are new transportation infrastructure and
technology enabling scientists to go deep into unmapped regions. The second reason is that as scientists’
understanding of taxonomy (分类学) deepens, some plants species 106 were found in the past were later
reclassified as new species. The third reason is that China’s massive ecological restoration programs have helped a
number of endangered species to reappear, which has 107 profound effect on ecology in China.
As of 2021, China had around 200 conservation botanical gardens, 108 (create) some protective
places for more than 23,000 species of flora. Rare native plants hold research value and they are referred to 109
the models for conservation efforts and get the public 110 (interest) in science and nature.应用文写作
假定你是李华，你校将举办以“Let’s build a green city”为主题的英文演讲比赛。请根据以下要点写一篇演
讲稿。
1.创建“绿色城市”的重要性；
2.如何从我做起去创建“绿色城市”。
注意：1.写作词数应该为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
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