第06 讲 选择性必修第三册 词汇考点
目录
01 考情透视·目标导航
2
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02 知识导图·思维引航··························································5
03 考点突破·考法探究··························································6
考点一 Unit 1 ~Unit 5 核心词汇·······································6
知识点1 核心单词知变形··················································6
知识点2 核心单词知拼写
1
················································· 1
考点二 Unit 1 ~Unit 5 阅读词汇······································14
知识点1 阅读单词知词义·················································14
知识点2 核心短语知辨析·················································16
04 真题练习·命题洞现
1 . 真题实战······························································18
2 . 命题演练·····························································19
2024-2026 年历年真题中出现的词汇统计
单元
核心词汇
阅读词汇
合计
Unit 1
breakthrough,
contemporary,
convey,
criticism, decline, entry, exhibition, guarantee,
humble, influential, permanent, precise,
artistic, humanity, ink, pond
23
purchase, rank, recognition, reputation,
sculpture, vase, visual
Unit 2
absorb, discipline, drug, dynamic, enhance,
examine, facilitate, negative, optimistic,
refresh, rely, reward, surgery
bowling, physical, skip, specialist
17
Unit 3
annual, campaign, comprehensive, dozen, fine,
fuel, garbage, harmonious, melt, policy,
recycle, regulation, release, restore, seize,
sensitive, smog, starve, submit, sustain,
sustainable, tolerate,undergo
carbon, chaos, dioxide, ecology, fossil,
worldwide
29
Unit 4
abandon, assign, bitter, decent, enthusiastic,
envy, fortunately, genuine, guidance, motor,
recreation, resolve, resolution, sink, steward,
thorough, unfortunately
bark, belongings, furniture
19
Unit 5
complicated, comprehension, contest, core,
deadline, delicate, drama, folk, format,
literary, mood, poetry, polish, prejudice,
rhythm, seed, string, sympathy, version
nursery
19
总计
约89
约18
约
107
考情分析
1. 频率最高的话题领域
艺术与文化遗产（artistic, breakthrough, convey, contemporary, exhibition, influential,
permanent, precise, recognition, reputation, sculpture, visual）
健康生活方式与成瘾（absorb, discipline, drug, enhance, negative, reward, surgery, tobacco,
physical, mental）
环境保护与气候变化（carbon, emission, fossil, fuel, melt, release, restore, smog,
sustainable, tolerate, undergo）
逆境与勇气（探险精神）（abandon, endurance, expedition, perseverance, resolve, sink,
voyage, crew, genuine）
诗歌与文学（comprehension, core, deadline, delicate, drama, folk, format, mood, poetry,
rhyme, rhythm, sympathy, version）
2. 最常考查的词汇词性
动词：convey, criticise, guarantee, purchase, release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, undergo,
absorb, enhance, refresh, rely, reward, melt, starve, tolerate, abandon, resolve, sink, polish,
tease
名词：art, breakthrough, criticism, exhibition, recognition, reputation, sculpture, drama,
drug, surgery, carbon, emission, fossil, fuel, smog, campaign, policy, crew, expedition,
perseverance, voyage, comprehension, core, deadline, mood, prejudice, rhythm, sympathy
形容词：artistic, contemporary, humble, influential, permanent, precise, visual, negative,
dynamic, stressful, sugary, comprehensive, harmonious, sensitive, sustainable, worldwide,
miserable, decent, thorough, unfortunate, delicate, literary, sympathetic
3. 最容易出现在完形填空中的词汇
convey, criticise, guarantee, purchase, release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, absorb, enhance,
refresh, rely, melt, starve, tolerate, abandon, resolve, sink, polish, tease
特点：这些词汇常用来描述人物的行为动作、情感变化和决策过程
4. 最容易出现在阅读理解中的词汇
breakthrough, contemporary, exhibition, influential, recognition, reputation, discipline, negative,
reward, carbon, emission, fossil, sustainable, campaign, policy, expedition, perseverance, voyage,
comprehension, core, deadline, prejudice, sympathy
特点：这些词汇常出现在说明文和议论文的主题句、论点句及结论句中
备考建议
必须掌握（高频）
不仅要认识，还要能在写作和完形填空中主动运用
Unit 1
convey, contemporary, influential, permanent, precise, recognition, reputation
Unit 2
absorb, enhance, negative, refresh, rely, reward
Unit 3
release, restore, seize, submit, sustain, sustainable, tolerate
Unit 4
abandon, resolve, sink, endurance, perseverance, voyage
Unit 5
comprehension, core, deadline, mood, prejudice, sympathy, version
重点掌握（中频）
重点记忆搭配、派生词和熟词生义
Unit 1
rank（排名/地位）, purchase（购买/购置）, entry（进入/入口/参赛作品）
Unit 2
discipline（纪律/学科/训练）, drug（毒品/药物）, stress（压力/强调）
Unit 3
fuel（燃料/加剧）, policy（政策/保险单）, sensitive（敏感的/灵敏的）
Unit 4
resolve（决心/解决）, sink（下沉/沉没）, steward（乘务员/管家）
Unit 5
delicate（精美的/脆弱的）, tease（取笑/逗弄）, string（绳子/一串/弦）
了解即可（低频或未出现）
认识即可，不需要主动输出
Unit 1
animation, arch, bronze, Buddhism, Buddhist, civil, client, decline, dimension, frame,
humanity, ink, investment, memorial, mythology, noble, photography, primitive, representative,
subjective, subsequent, sunrise, symphony, two-dimensional, water lily
Unit 2
alcohol, beard, bowling, cigarette, comedy, compose, consultant, cue, dentist, dizzy,
escalator, examine, flu, liberation, monthly, nut, pill, pessimistic, physical, repeatedly, shave,
skateboard, specialist, stimulate, surgeon, virus
Unit 3
agenda, basin, broadcast, conservation, disposal, enterprise, fine, footprint, implement,
inspection, jungle, moderate, nuclear, on behalf of, originate, penguin, reform, regulation, tropical,
volcano, waterway
Unit 4
aboard, adversity, assign, banjo, bitter, blanket, candidate, commitment, corporate, cosy,
crush, damp, endurance, episode, furniture, give off, loyal, make fire, motor, nephew, navigator,
qualified, rugby, selfish, stove, turn down, vigour, wage
Unit 5
await, barren, blank, brass, cherry, civilian, clover, correspondence, dawn, dewdrop,
diamond, grief, haiku, imagery, innocent, mockingbird, prose, recite, respectively, revolve, shelf,
sorrow, syllable, utter, variation, verse
考点一 选择性必修3 核心词汇
知识点1 核心单词知变形
【高考导航】
1. Harmless by itself, isoprene interacts rapidly with polluting nitrogen oxides released by vehicles, buildings and
industry to form ground-level ozone (臭氧) — a major factor in many breathing problems.
(2026 年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 异戊二烯本身无害，但它会迅速与车辆、建筑物和工业排放的污染性
氮氧化物发生反应，形成地面臭氧——这是导致许多呼吸问题的主要因素。
2. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic conversations and offer context-sensitive
insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity.
(2026 年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 这些数字助手能与参观者进行动态对话，并提供与情境相关的见解，
从而加深理解、满足好奇心。
3. No, I originally came for a three-month project at a law firm. After finishing it, they offered me a permanent
job. I took it and stayed.
(2026 年新高考全国I卷听力Text 6) 不，我最初是来一家律师事务所做一个为期三个月的项目。项目结束
后，他们给了我一份固定工作。我接受了，然后就留了下来。
4. Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept.
(2026 年1 月浙江卷阅读A 篇) 视觉艺术作品提交：请提交您构思的艺术作品草图。
5. Ho recognizes the psychological benefit of helping kids keep up with their peers (同龄人) outside the hospital.
(2025 年新高考全国II卷阅读B 篇) 何医生认识到，帮助患病的孩子在学业上与院外的同龄人保持同步，具
有心理上的益处。
6. From technological solutions to educational campaigns, food producers and sellers are looking for ways to use
more of what we’re already growing.
(2025 年新高考全国II卷阅读D 篇) 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在想方设法
更多地利用我们已经种植出来的东西。
7. In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together
above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves
water and discourages weeds.
(2025 年1 月浙江卷阅读C 篇) 从技术解决方案到教育宣传活动，食品生产商和销售商正在想方设法更多地
利用我们已经种植出来的东西。
8.This eye-catching column, I’m firmly convinced, won’t fail to grant the whole class a harmonious atmosphere.
(2025 年新高考全国I卷应用文写作) 我坚信，这个引人注目的专栏必将为全班营造出和谐的氛围。
9.____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
(2024 年新高考全国I卷阅读七选五) 它应该为每个单词提供精确的定义，从而将其与其他含义相似但不完
全相同的单词区分开来。它通常还会显示该单词的发音方式。
Unit 1
1．precise adj. 准确的；精确的→precisely adv. 准确地；精确地；的确如此
2．realistic adj. 现实的；逼真的→realism n. 逼真；现实主义；务实作风→realist n. 现实主义画家(或
作家等)；现实主义者
3．humanity n. 人性；人道；(统称)人类→humanistic adj. 人文主义的
4．influential adj. 有很大影响力的；有支配力的→influence n. 影响，作用；势力，影响力；有影响的人
(或事物) v. 影响，对……起作用
5．sculpture n. 雕像；雕刻品；雕刻术→sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家
6．arch vt.& vi. 呈弧形横跨；(使)成弓形 n. 拱；拱形结构；拱门→arched adj. 拱形的；弓形的
7．investment n. 投资额；投资；(时间、精力的)投入→invest v. 投资；投入(时间或精力)；赋予
8．criticise vi.& vt. 批评；指责；评价→criticism n. 批评；指责；评论
9．exhibition n. 展览；(技能、感情或行为的)表演→exhibit v. 展览，展出；卖弄，炫耀；提出(证据等)
n. 展品；(法庭上出示的)证物
10．recognition n. 承认；认出；赞誉→recognize vt.认出，识别；承认；接受，认可；赞赏 vi. 确认，承
认
11．worthy adj. 值得……的；有价值的→worth n. 价值；意义；作用 adj. 有……价值的；值……钱的
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The architect drew a ________________ map of the building. He measured every corner
________________. (precise)
2. His paintings are very ________________ . He is a ________________ who focuses on everyday life.
His works show a strong sense of ________________ . (realistic)
3. The war was a crime against ________________ . The professor holds ________________ values and
believes in the dignity of all people. (humanity)
4. She is an ________________ figure in the field of education. Her books have had a great
________________ on millions of readers. (influential)
5. The museum has a famous ________________ by Michelangelo. The ________________ spent years
creating this masterpiece. (sculpture)
6. The bridge ________________ over the river. The ________________ windows added elegance to the
building. (arch)
7. Real estate is often a good ________________ . He decided to ________________ in the stock market.
(investment)
8. It is easy to ________________ others when you don't know the whole story. She received a lot of
________________ for her controversial decision. (criticise)
9. There will be an art ________________ next week. The gallery will ________________ works by local
artists. (exhibition)
10. He received ______ for his contributions to science. Everyone can ________________ his talent and
hard work. (recognition)
11. Her behavior is ________________ of praise. The painting is ________________ a fortune. (worthy)
Unit 2
1．repeatedly adv. 重复地→repeat v. 重复说(或写)；照着说
2．psychology n. 心理学；心理；心理影响→psychologist n. 心理学家→psychological adj. 心理的，精神
的；心理学的
3．rely vi. 依赖；依靠；信赖→reliable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的
4．pessimistic adj. 悲观的；悲观主义的→pessimist n. 悲观主义者→pessimistically adv. 悲观地
5．delete v. 删去；删除→deletion n. 删除，删去的部分
6．liberation n. 解放；摆脱→liberate v. 解放，解救→liberator n. 解放者；释放者
7．consultant n. 顾问；高级顾问医师→consult v. 咨询，请教
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. He ________________ asked the same question. Please ________________ what you just said.
(repeatedly)
2. She is studying ________________ at university. Her goal is to become a clinical ________________ .
The ________________ effects of stress can be harmful. (psychology)
3. Parents should not ________________too much on their children's teachers. A good teacher is
________________ and responsible. (rely)
4. Don't be so ________________ about the future. A ________________ always expects the worst. He
spoke ________________ about the outcome. (pessimistic)
5. Please ________________ this unnecessary sentence from your essay. The ________________ of this
section will shorten the article. (delete)
6. The ________________ of women's rights has come a long way. The revolution ________________
people from oppression. The ________________ was hailed as a hero. (liberation)
7. She works as a management ________________ . If you have any questions, please ________________
an expert. (consultant)
Unit 3
1．habitable adj. 适合居住的→habitat n. (动植物的)生活环境，栖息地
2．sustain vt. 维持；遭受；承受住→sustainable adj. 可持续的；合理利用的
3．frequently adv. 频繁地；经常→frequent adj. 频繁的，经常性的→frequency n. 出现次数；频繁；频
率
4．restrict vt. 限制；限定；束缚→restriction n. 限制规定；限制法规；约束
5．implement vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行→implementation n. 实现；执行
6．originate vi.& vt. 起源；发源；创立→origin n. 起源；原点；出身；开端→original adj. 原来的；独
创的；原作的 n. 原件；原作→originally adv. 最初，起初；本来
7．regulation n. 章程；规章制度→regulate vt. 调节；规定；控制
8．disposal n.去掉；处理→dispose vi.& vt.排列；布置；使倾向于→disposable adj. 一次性的；可自由支配
的
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. This planet is ________________ for human life. The natural ________________ of these animals is
being destroyed. (habitable)
2. The planet cannot ________________ this rapid rate of development. We need to adopt more
________________ practices to protect the environment. (sustain)
3. He ________________ visits his parents on weekends. His ________________ trips home keep him
connected to his family. The ________________ of his visits increased over time. (frequently)
4. The government plans to ________________ the use of plastic bags. There are strict
________________ on water usage during the drought. (restrict)
5. The company will ________________ the new policy next month. The ________________ of this plan
requires careful planning. (implement)
6. The tradition ________________ in ancient China. The ________________ of this custom is unknown
to many. The ________________ idea was quite different from what we see today. ________________ , it
was celebrated only in rural areas. (originate)
7. There are strict ________________ governing the use of this equipment. The government
________________ the temperature of public buildings. (regulation)
8. The ________________ of waste is a major environmental challenge. He ________________ of the old
furniture before moving. We use ________________ plates at parties to avoid washing dishes. (disposal)
Unit 4
1．endurance n. 忍耐力；耐久力→endure v. 持续存在，持久；忍受，忍耐 vi. 忍耐；持续
2．qualified adj. 符合资格；具备……的知识(或技能、学历等)→qualify v. 取得资格，合格；使有权(做
某事)→qualification n. (通过考试或学习课程取得的)资格，学历
3．enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的→enthusiasm n. 热情，热忱→enthusiastically adv. 热心地；满腔热情
地
4．miserable adj. 痛苦的；令人难受的→miserably adv. 贫困地；可悲地；糟糕地；非常不幸地→misery
n. 痛苦，苦难；穷困，悲惨境遇
5．persevere vi. 坚持；孜孜以求→perseverance n. 毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
6．cruel adj. 残酷的；残忍的；冷酷的→cruelly adv. 残酷地；非常→cruelty n. 残酷，残忍；不公，虐
待
7．advertise vt.& vi. 公布；宣传；做广告→advertisement n. 广告；(某一类事物的)广告→advertising n.
广告活动；广告业
8．commitment n. 承诺；保证；奉献→commit vt. 犯罪；把……交托给；指派……作战；使……承担
义务；(公开地)表示意见 vi. 忠于(某个人、机构等)；承诺
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Running a marathon requires great ________________ . She had to ________________ the pain for
hours. (endurance)
2. She is ________________ for the teaching position. Her ________________ include a master‘s degree
and teaching experience. Her training will ________________ her for the job. (qualified)
3. The fans were ________________ about the concert. Their ________________ was contagious. They
cheered ________________ throughout the night. (enthusiastic)
4. He felt ________________ after losing his job. He lived ________________ in a small room. The
________________ of his situation was overwhelming. (miserable)
5. If you want to succeed, you must ________________ . ________________ is the key to overcoming
difficulties. (persevere)
6. The dictator was ________________ to his people. He treated them ________________ . His
________________ knew no bounds. (cruel)
7. The company will ________________ the new product online. The ________________ will appear in
newspapers next week. The ________________ industry has grown rapidly. (advertise)
8. He made a ________________ to finish the project on time. He ________________ himself to
achieving his goals. (commitment)
Unit 5
1．sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi. 感到悲伤→sorrowful adj. 悲伤的，悲痛的，悲哀的；使人悲伤
的
2．respective adj. 分别的；各自的→respectively adv. 分别；各自；依次为
3 ．comprehension n. 理解力；领悟力；理解练习→comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
→comprehensible adj. 可理解的；能懂的→comprehensively adv. 完全地；彻底地
4．sympathy n. 同情；赞同→sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的；赞同的
5．innocent adj. 天真无邪的；无辜的；无恶意的→innocence n. 天真；单纯；无罪
6．correspond vi. 相一致；符合；相当于；通信→correspondence n. 来往信件；通信联系
7．dominant adj. 首要的；占支配地位的；显著的→dominate vi.& vt. 占据支配地位；控制；影响
8．complicated adj.复杂的；难懂的→complicate vt. 使复杂化→complication n. 使更复杂化(或更困难)的事
物
词形万花筒
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. He expressed deep ________________ at the news of his friend's passing. The ________________
music brought tears to everyone‘s eyes. (sorrow)
2. The two friends returned to their ________________ homes. The first and second prizes went to Tom
and Mary ________________ . (respective)
3. Reading ________________ is essential for language learning. The textbook provides a
________________ overview of the subject. The instructions are written in clear, easily ________________
language. The plan was ________________ discussed. (comprehension)
4. She felt great ________________ for the victims of the disaster. He was ________________ to their
situation and offered to help. (sympathy)
5. The child was ________________ and believed everything he was told. Her ________________ made
her trust everyone around her. (innocent)
6. Your actions must ________________ with your words. They kept up a regular ________________ for
many years. (correspond)
7. The ________________ color in the room is blue. His personality ________________ the entire team.
(dominant)
8. The instructions were too ________________ for beginners. The new software will only
________________ the process. This ________________ caused further delays. (complicated)
知识点2 核心单词知拼写
Unit 1
1．primitive adj. 发展水平低的；原始的；远古的
n. 文艺复兴前的艺术家(或作品)
2．dimension n. 维；规模；范围
3．reputation n. 名誉；名声
4．noble n. 贵族成员；出身高贵的人 adj. 崇高
的；宏伟的；高贵的
5．rank n. 地位；级别；行列 vt.& vi. 把……分
等级；使排成行
6．purchase vt. 购买；采购 n. 购买；购买的东
西
7．client n. 委托人；当事人；客户
8．emerge vi.& vt. 出现；浮现；暴露
9．convey vt. 表达；传递(思想、感情等)；传送
10．subjective adj. 主观的
11．subsequent adj. 随后的；后来的；之后的
12．fond adj. 喜爱
13．visual adj. 视觉的；视力的
14．permanent adj. 永久的；永恒的；长久的
15．memorial n. 纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物；纪念
品
adj. 纪念的；悼念的
16．humble adj. 谦逊的；虚心的；卑微的
17．representative adj. 典型的；有代表性的 n.
代表
18．decline n. (数量、价格、质量等的)减少；下降；
衰落 vi.& vt. 减少；下降；衰落；谢绝
19．entry n. 加入；进入；参与
20．civil adj. 国民的；民用的；民事的
21．expansion n. 扩张；扩展；扩大
22．guarantee vt. 保证；确保；肯定……必然发生
n. 保证；保修单；担保物
23．contemporary adj. 当代的；现代的；属同时期
的
n. 同代人；同辈人
Unit 2
1．abuse n.滥用；虐待；辱骂vt.滥用；虐待；辱骂
2．dominate vt.& vi. 支配；控制；占有优势
3．cue n.提示；暗示； vt.给(某人)暗示(或提示)
4．reward n. 回报；奖励；报酬 vt. 奖励；奖赏；
给以报酬
5．facilitate vt. 促进；促使；使便利
6．examine vt. (仔细)检查；审查；测验
7．negative adj. 消极的；有害的；否定的
8．discipline n.自制力；纪律； vt.自我控制；处
罚
9．compose vt.& vi. 组成；作曲；撰写
10．shave vi.，vt.& n. 剃(须发)；刮脸
11．disturb vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼
12．specialist n. 专科医生；专家
13．drug n. 毒品；药物
14．skip vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走 vi. 蹦蹦跳
跳地走；跳绳 n. 蹦跳
15．stimulate vt. 激发；促进；刺激
16．dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态
的
17．monthly adv.& adj. 每月；每月一次的 n. 月
刊
18．enhance vt. 提高；增强；增进
19．refresh vt. 使恢复精力；使凉爽；刷新
20．absorb vt. 吸引全部注意力；吸收
Unit 3
1．melt vi.& vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化
2．starve vi.& vt. (使)挨饿；饿死
3．ecology n. 生态；生态学
4．release vt.& n. 排放；释放；发布
5．fuel n. 燃料；刺激性言行
6．comprehensive adj. 全部的；所有的；详尽的
7．trend n. 趋势；趋向；动向
8．broadcast vt.& vi. 播送；广播；传播 n. 广播
节目；电视节目
9．policy n. 政策；方针；原则
10．seize vt. 抓住；夺取；控制
11．reform vi.& vt. 改革；(使)改正；改造 n. 改
革；变革；改良
12．undergo vt. 经历；经受(变化、不快等)
13．harmonious adj. 和谐的
14．moderate adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi.&
vt. 缓和；使适中
15．submit vt.& vi. 提交；呈递；屈服
16．annual adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴
17．sensitive adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的
18．smog n. 烟雾(烟与雾混合的空气污染物)
19．garbage n. 垃圾；废物
20．enterprise n. 公司；企业；事业
21．restore vt. 恢复；使复原；修复
22．conservation n. 对(环境、文物等)保护；保持
23．dozen n. (一)打；十二个
24．inspection n. 检查；查看；视察
25．fine vt. 对……处以罚款
26．campaign n. 运动；战役 vi.& vt. 参加运动；
领导运动
27．tolerate vt. 忍受；包容；容许
Unit 4
1．bitter adj. 严寒的；激烈而不愉快的；味苦的
2．expedition n. 探险；远征；探险队
3．aboard adv.& prep. 上(船、飞机、公共汽车等)
4．assign vt. 分派；布置；分配
5．envy n．& vt. 羡慕；妒忌
6．crush vt. 毁坏；压坏；压碎 n. 拥挤的人群
7．sink vi. 沉没；下沉；下降 vt. 使下沉；使沉
没
8．abandon vt. 舍弃；抛弃；放弃
9．navy n. 海军；海军部队
10．decent adj. 相当不错的；正派的；得体的
11．genuine adj. 真正的；真诚的；可信赖的
12．resolve vi.& vt. 决定；决心；解决(问题或困
难) n. 决心；坚定的信念
13．resolution n. 决议；解决；坚定
14．crew n. (轮船、飞机等上面的)全体工作人员；
专业团队；一群人
15．thorough adj. 深入的；彻底的；细致的
16．furniture n. 家具
17．unfortunately adv. 不幸地；遗憾地
18．fortunately adv. 幸运地
19．damp adj. 潮湿的；湿气重的
20．recreation n. 娱乐；消遣；游戏
21．guidance n. 指导；引导；导航
22．motor n. 发动机；马达 adj. 有引擎的；机动
车的
23．candidate n. 候选人；应试者
24．motive n. 动机；原因；目的
Unit 5
1．literary adj.文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品
特征的
2．rhyme n. 押韵词；押韵的短诗 vi.& vt. (使)押
韵
3．folk adj. 民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的
4．diamond n. 钻石；金刚石；菱形
5．recite vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举
6．amateur n.业余爱好者 adj.业余的；业余爱好
的
7．mood n. 情绪；心情；语气
8．format n. 格式；总体安排；(出版物的)版式
vt. 格式化
9．delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的
10．shelf n. 架子；搁板
11．core n. 核心；精髓；(水果的)核儿
12．blank adj. 空白的；无图画(或韵律、装饰)的；
没表情的 n. 空白；空格
13．version n. 版本；(从不同角度的)说法
14．era n. 时代；年代；纪元
15．sow vt.& vi. 播种；种
16．seed n. 种子；起源；萌芽
17．deadline n. 最后期限；截止日期
18．contest n. 比赛；竞赛；竞争 vt. 争取赢得
(比赛、选举等)；争辩
19．polish vt.修改；润色；抛光 n.上光剂；擦亮
20．string n. 细绳；线；一串 vt. 悬挂；系 adj.
弦乐器的；线织的
21．variation n. 变化；变体；变奏曲
22．racial adj. 种族的；人种的
23．prejudice n. 偏见；成见 vt. 使怀有(或形成)
偏见
考点
二
选择性必修3 阅读词汇
知识点1 阅读单词知词义
Unit 1
1．Christianity n. 基督教
2．two－dimensional adj. 二维的
3．breakthrough n. 重大进展；突破
4．mythology n. 神话；虚
幻的想法
5．photography n. 照相术；摄影
6．Impressionism n. 印象主义；印象派
( 绘画风格
)
7．sunrise n. 日出
8．outer adj. 外表的；外边的；外围的
9．Cubism n. 立体主义；立体派
10．water lily n. 睡莲
11．pond n. 池塘；水池
12．bride n. 新娘
13．ink n. 墨水；墨汁；油墨
14．animation n. ( 电脑、录像
) 动画制作；动画片
15．frame n. 画面；框架 vt. 给……镶框；陷害
16．symphony n. 交响乐；交响曲
17．bronze n. 青铜；深红褐色 adj. 青铜色的；
深红褐色的
18．ceramic n. 陶瓷制品；制陶艺术
19．vase n. 花瓶；装饰瓶
20．artistic adj. 艺术的；艺术家的
21．Buddhist adj. 佛教的 n. 佛教徒
22．Buddhism n. 佛教
Unit 2
1．tobacco n. 烟草；
烟叶
2．alcohol n. 酒；酒精
3．physical adj. 身体的；客观存在的；物理学的
4．escalator n. 自动扶梯；滚梯
5．pill n. 药丸；药片
6．surgeon n. 外科医生
7．surgery n. 外科手术
；外科学
8．beard n. 胡须；络腮胡子
9．cigarette n. 香烟；卷烟
10．dizzy adj. 头晕目眩的
11．flu n. 流感
12．dentist n. 牙科医生
13．sugary adj. 含糖的；甜的
14．nut n. 坚果
15．skateboard n. 滑板 vi. 滑滑板
16．bowling n. 保龄球运动
17．comedy n. 喜剧；喜剧片；滑稽节目
Unit 3
1．graph n. 图；图表；曲线图
2．emission n. 排放物；散发物；排放
3．methane n. 甲烷；沼气
4．carbon n. 碳
5．dioxide n. 二氧化物
6．fossil n. 化石
7．worldwide adv. 遍及全球地 adj. 世界各地的
；
8．footprint n. 足迹；
( 某物所占的
) 空间量；面积
9．basin n. 流域；盆地；盆
10．penguin n. 企鹅
11．tropical adj. 热带的；来自热带的
12．chaos n. 混乱；杂乱；紊乱
13．nuclear adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的
14．jungle n. ( 热带
) 丛林；密林
15．volume n. 量；体积；
( 成套书籍中的
) 一卷
16．waterway n. 水道；航道
17．agenda n. 议程表；议事日程
Unit 4
1．adversity n. 困境；逆境
2．vigour n. 精
力；力量；活力
3．cupboard n. 橱柜；壁橱；衣柜
4．steward n. 轮船、飞机或火车上的乘务员；
5．stove n. 炉具；厨房灶具
6．belongings n. [pl.]__财物；动产
7．banjo n. 班卓琴
( 乐器
)
8．voyage n．& vi. 航海；航行
9．cosy adj. 温馨的；舒适的
10．selfish adj. 自私的
11．good/badtempered adj. 脾气好的
/ 坏的
12．bark vi.& n. ( 狗
) 吠叫；吠叫声
13．rugby n. 橄榄球运动
14．bat n.球拍；蝙蝠 vi.& vt.用球板击球；拍打
15．nephew n. 侄子；外甥
16．corporate adj. 公司的；法人的；社团的
17．rough adj. 汹涌的；粗糙的；粗略的
18．navigator n. 领航员；
( 飞机、船舶等上的
) 航行
者
19．loyal adj. 忠诚的；忠实的
20．episode n. ( 人生的
) 一段经历；
( 小说的
) 片段；
插曲
21．Confucianism n. 孔子学说；儒家
( 学说
)
Unit 5
1．drama n. 戏；剧；戏剧艺术
2．imagery n. 形象的描述；意象；像
3．rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律
4．nursery adj. 幼儿教育的 n. 托儿所；保育室
5．mockingbird n. 嘲鸫
( 美洲鸣禽，能模仿鸟的鸣
叫
)
6．brass n. 黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器
7．billy goat n. 公山羊
8．bull n. 公牛
9．bee n. 蜜蜂
10．dewdrop n. 露珠；水珠
11．dawn n. 黎明；开端；萌芽
12．clover n. 三叶草
13．butterfly n. 蝴蝶
14．lawn n. 草坪，草地
15．cinquain n. 五行诗
16．tease vi.& vt. 取笑
( 某人
) ；揶揄；逗弄
17．haiku n. 俳句
18．syllable n. 音节
19．blossom n. 花朵；花簇
20．await vt. 等候；期待；将发生在
21．revolve vi. 旋转；环绕；转动
22．utter vt. 出声；说；讲 adj. 完全的；十足的
；
彻底的
23．cherry n. 樱桃；樱桃树；樱桃色 adj. 樱桃
色的；鲜红色的
24．verse n. 诗；韵文；诗节
25．civilian n. 平民；老百姓
26．prose n. 散文
27．sonnet n. 十四行诗
28．wherever conj. 在任何地方；在所有……的情
况下 adv. ( 用于问句
) 究竟在
( 到
) 哪里
29．barren adj. 贫瘠的；不结果实的
30．grief n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事
知识点2 核心短语知辨析
Unit 1
1．in particular 尤其；特别
2．set apart from 使与众不同；使突出；使优
于
……
3．shift from ... to ... 从
……
转换到
……
4．be fond of 喜爱；喜欢
5．be regarded as 被认为是；被当作是
6．in short 总之；简言之
7．on display 展览；展出
8．be intended to do sth 打算做某事
9．bring ... to life 赋予
……
生命；使
……
鲜活起
来
10．a taste of 尝一口；领略
11．in store 准备着；将要发生
12．be admitted into 允许进入
13．to the point 中肯；扼要；切题
14．be worthy of 值得
Unit 2
1．in response to 回答；答复
2．rely on 依赖；依靠；信赖
3．aside from 除
……
之外
( 还有
)
4．straight away 立即；马上
5．decide on 决定；选定
6．make up one's mind 下定决心
7．be composed of 由
……
组成
( 或构成
) 的
8．shave off 剃掉；刮去
9．be in control of 在
……的控制下
10．stressed out 焦虑不安；心力交瘁
11．worn out 筋疲力尽的；疲惫的
12．be possible to 对
……
来说是可能的
Unit 3
1．be shocked by 被
……
震惊
2．according to 根据
3．aim to do sth 打算做某事
4．on behalf of 代表
( 代替
) 某人
5．as ... as possible 尽可能
……
6．millions of 数百万
7．throw ... into ... 把
……
扔进
……
8．contribute to 带来，造成
9．end up 最终成为；最后处于
10．dozens of 许多；很多
11．in effect 生效；有效；实际上
12．struggle with 与
……
斗争
13．be used to do sth 被用来做某事
14．the number of ... ……
的数量
Unit 4
1．dream of 梦想
2．turn sb down 拒绝
( 某人
)
3．be enthusiastic about 热衷于，对
……
充满热情
4．be/become stuck in 陷入，困住
5．be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事
6．to one's surprise 使某人惊讶的是
7．from bad to worse 每况愈下
8．be experienced in 在
……
方面有经验
9．at times 有时，偶尔
10．cheer sb up 使某人振作
11．make fire 生火
12．give off 放出
( 热、光、气味或气体
)
13．be free to do sth 不受约束地做某事；
14．be forced to do sth 被迫做某事
Unit 5
1．come to mind 想到
2．such as 例如
3．make sense 讲得通；有意义
4．be made up of 由
……
组成
( 构成
)
5．be translated into 被翻译成
6．give it a try 试一试
7．be required to do sth 被要求做某事
8．be known to 为
……
所熟知
9．show understanding of 展现对
……的理解
10．sow the seeds of...播下
……
的种子
11．be sure about 对
……
有把握，确信
12．in secret 秘密地，私下地
13．be ready to do sth 准备做某事
14．be gifted in ... 在
……
方面有天赋
一、 真题实战
1.(2026 年新高考全国I 卷·完形填空片段)
As I move through my college years, I ____53____ the visits to my little hometown. I am grateful for
the ____54____ that I had growing up and know that wherever my next adventure takes me, I can ____55____ my
small town roots to lead me in the right direction.
53. A. give up
B. put off
C. face up to
D. look forward to
54. A. confidence
B. reputation
C. experience
D. opportunity
55. A. inspire
B. trust
C. remind
D. challenge
2.(2026 年新高考全国II卷·完形填空片段)
I never thought I could be a writer. I didn’t come from a family connected to the ____41____ world, which I
perceived as a major ____42____. After my undergraduate degree, convinced that writing wasn’t for me,
I ____43____ to study teaching.
41. A. medical
B. artistic
C. scientific
D. literary
42. A. subject
B. problem
C. event
D. breakthrough
43. A. stepped aside
B. got up
C. went off
D. turned back
3.(2026 年新高考全国I 卷·阅读七选五片段)
AI transforms a standard museum trip into a personalized and interactive adventure. Smart recommendation
engines analyze data such as exhibit popularity and visitors’ past behavior to suggest specific exhibits and events,
making each visit unique and surprising. ____37____ These digital assistants engage visitors in dynamic
conversations and offer context-sensitive insights that deepen understanding and satisfy curiosity.
A. This capability allows for timely restoration.
B. Visitor data collection also raises privacy issues.
C. In short, AI is redefining the museum in all respects.
D. It tailors learning experiences to different age groups and learning styles.
E. Museums are not only places to store artworks, but also spaces for learning.
F. Furthermore, AI-powered virtual guides are replacing traditional tour guides.
G. AI is changing this by using image recognition technology to analyze exhibits.
4.(2025 年新高考全国II卷·阅读七选五片段)
●You can live longer if you volunteer regularly.
___18___ Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and
maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health
and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.
A. Helping the community lowers rates of depression.
B. Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.
C. Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
D. Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice.
E. For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.
F. You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn’t know about before.
G. Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.
5.(2024 年新高考全国I 卷·阅读七选五片段)
____38____ It should give you a precise definition of each word, thus differentiating it from other words
whose meanings are similar, but not identical. It will also usually show how the word is pronounced.
A. I don't often use this dictionary.
B. It takes no account of the context.
C. But I still don't want to replace them.
D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read.
E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling.
F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes.
G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information.
、
二
命题演练
（一）用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15 题，每题1 个空）
1. The architect provided a ________________ description of the new building design. (precisely)
2. His paintings are very ________________. (realist)
3. The war was a crime against ________________. (human)
4. She is an ________________ figure in the field of education. (influence)
5. The museum has a famous ________________ by Michelangelo. (sculpt)
6. The bridge ________________ over the river. (arch)
7. Real estate is often a good ________________. (invest)
8. It is easy to ________________ others when you don't know the whole story. (criticism )
9. There will be an art ________________ next week. (exhibit)
10. The artist finally gained international ________________ for her unique painting style. (recognise)
11. His courageous actions are ________________of great respect. (worth)
12. She is conducting ________________ research in the laboratory. (psychology)
13. In times of crisis, we can ________________on our friends for support. (reliable)
14. Don't be filled with ________________ about the future. (pessimistic)
15. The ________________ of this sentence will shorten the article. (delete)
（二）根据首字母或汉语提示写出单词的正确形式（共20 题，每题1 个空）
【首字母填空1-10 题】
1. He has a good r______________ as a skilled doctor.
2. The company decided to p______________ a new building for its headquarters.
3. The sun e______________ from behind the clouds.
4. His speech c______________ a powerful message of hope.
5. The government must a______________ drugs to protect young people.
6. The teacher used games to f______________ learning.
7. You need to d______________ yourself to achieve your goals.
8. The sun's heat will m______________ the snow quickly.
9. The factory r______________ harmful gases into the air.
10. The company will u______________ a major restructuring next year.
【汉语提示填空11-20 题】
11. The ______________（原始的）tools were made of stone.
12. The painting has a ______________（视觉的）impact that words cannot describe.
13. He is a ______________（谦逊的）person despite his great achievements.
14. The ______________（代表）from each country attended the meeting.
15. She is a ______________（专科医生）in heart disease.
16. Regular exercise can ______________（增强）your immune system.
17. The ______________（年度）report will be published next month.
18. We should respect the ______________（和谐的）relationship between humans and nature.
19. The ______________（候选人）gave an impressive speech.
20. She is in a good ______________（情绪）today.
（三）写作翻译练习（共15 题）
1. 简言之，这位画家的作品之所以与众不同，是因为他对色彩的独特运用。
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2. 我们应当依靠可靠的来源获取信息，而不是盲目相信网上的每一句话。
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3. 这位科学家致力于寻找可持续的能源解决方案，以应对全球气候变化的挑战。
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4. 代表所有员工，我想感谢大家为这个项目的成功所做出的奉献。
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5. 这部小说最初发表于19 世纪，至今仍被视为美国文学的经典之作。
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6. 她对艺术有着真正的热情，她的每一幅画都生动地传达了她的情感。
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7. 尽管遭遇了许多挫折，他从未放弃，最终实现了自己成为一名外科医生的梦想。
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8. 为了提高工作效率，公司决定采用灵活的工作时间政策。
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9. 这位诗人擅长用简单的语言表达复杂的情感，这使他在当代文学中独树一帜。
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10. 我们应该对不同的文化持开放态度，因为多样性是社会进步的重要动力。
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11. 这位探险队在穿越沙漠时经历了难以想象的困难，但他们的毅力最终得到了回报。
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12. 环境问题的严重性要求政府立即采取有效措施，而不是纸上谈兵。
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13. 这位导师在指导学生时非常有耐心，总是鼓励他们提出自己的想法。
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14. 我建议你每天花半小时进行户外运动，这不仅能让你放松身心、恢复精力，还能提高学习效率。
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15. 在准备这次重要演讲的过程中，我非常感谢我的导师给予我的宝贵指导和建议。
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