第03 讲 介词
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养，研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架，构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式
考点一 常考核心介词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 高频介词with 的用法及考法 知识点2 高频介词against 的用法及考法 知识点3 高频介词by
的用法及考法 知识点4 高频介词through 的用法及考法 知识点5 高频介词for 的用法及考法 ……
考向破译 考向 1 考查with 的用法（最常考的介词） 考向02 考查for 的用法
考点二 特殊介词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 介词unlike/like 知识点2 介词despite 知识点3 介词beyond 知识点4 介词without
考向破译 考向01 考查unlike/like 的用法 考向02 考查Despite 的用法 考向03 考查beyond 的用法 考向04
考查without 的用法
考点三 普通介词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 时间介词的用法辨析
知识点2 表示方位 知识点3 表示原因
考向破译 考向01 考查一般介词的用法 考向2 考查介词短语的用法
考点四 复合介词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 常考复合介词的意义 知识点2 介词短语的意义辨析 知识点3 考查成对出现的介词
考向破译 考向01 考查介词短语的用法 考向02 考查成对介词的用法
考点五 介词+名词构成的介词短语
知识解构 知识点“介词+名词”的常用搭配
考向破译 考向 考查介词+名词的介词短语
考点六 介词+形容词构成的介词短语
知识解构 知识点1 “介词+形容词”的常用搭配 知识点2 from... to...构成的短语 知识点3 n.+prep. +n.
考向破译 考向01 考查介词+形容词的介词短语 考向02 考查from... to...构成的短语 考向三 考查n.+prep. +n.
构成的短语
考点七 动词+介词的短语（重点）
知识解构 知识点 动词与介词的搭配
考向破译 考向 考查动词+介词短语中的介词（高频考点）
命题透视·考情前瞻
——对标素养，研判高考命题趋势
核心考点
2026 年
2025 年
2024 年
介词的用法
（2026 年1 月浙江卷）57
题in
新高考I 卷by
全国甲卷for;to
与介词相关的短语
新高考II 卷for;
浙江卷首考focus on;
北京卷at one’s expense;
新高考I 卷stand as;
新课标II 卷similar to;
北京卷think to oneself
考情分析
近年高考对介词的考查侧重在复杂语境下考查介词的核心含义和含有介词的固
定短语两大类。如【
2025
年浙江首考
focus
on
】
及【
2024
年
新高考
I 卷
stand
as
】
均考查到复杂语境 下介词及含有介词的短语的用法。
侧重考查介词核心含义（2023~2025 年：3 年
7 考
）；固定短语：（2023~2025
年：3 年
8 考
）。考生应注重积累含有介词的短语，并熟练掌握介词的核心含义。
介词考点在高考中注重语境，在语篇中综合运用词法知识。要求考生将文章上下文
意思联系起来填用正确的介词。考生应当在熟练掌握各类介词基本用法的基础上,
注重复杂语境的准确理解。
复习目标
1.熟练掌握介词及介词短语的基本用法；
2.掌握介词与其他词类所构成的一些固定短语；
3.注重积累，强化解题思路。
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架，构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点，归纳解题范式
考点一 常考核心介词的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点1 高频介词with 的用法及考法
1.with 的用法
①与…（在）一起
I went on holiday with my friend. 我跟我朋友一起去度假。
②[表带有或拥有]有；带有；具有；随身带着
He is a man with a hot temper. 他是一个脾气暴躁的人。
China is a very large country with a long history. 中国是一个具有历史悠久的大国。
③[表方式、手段或工具]以；用
He caught the ball with his left hand. 他用左手接球。
She wrote the letter with a pencil. 她用铅笔写那封信。
①用英语说：speak in English
②用钢笔写：write in ink
③用现金/美元支付：pay in cash/dollar。
④[表材料或内容]以；用
The road is paved with stones. 这条路用石头铺砌。
⑤[表状态]在…的情况下；…地
He can read French with ease. 他能轻易地读法文。
I finished my homework though with difficulty. 虽然有困难，我还是做完了功课。
注：用于此意时，with 多与某些抽象名词连用时，其作用相当于一个副词。如：
with care=carefully 认真地
with kindness=kindly 亲切地
with joy=joyfully 高兴地
with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地
with anger=angrily 生气地
with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲伤地
with delight=delightedly 高兴地
⑥ [表让步]尽管，虽然
With all his money, he is unhappy. 尽管他有钱，他并不快乐。
With all his efforts, he lost the match. 虽然尽了全力，他还是输了那场比赛。
⑦[表条件]若是；如果
With your permission, I’ll go. 你若同意，我就去。
表示条件时，根据情况可与虚拟语气连用。如：
With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是钱多一点，我就买得起了。
With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是设备好些，我们完成这项工作还
要快些。
⑧[表原因或理由]因为；由于(某种感情而使某人有某种表现或行为)
Gil was white and trembling with anger.吉尔气得脸色煞白，浑身发抖。
She trembled with cold.他冻得发抖。
Hearing the news, he jumped with joy.听到这个消息，他高兴得跳起来。
He was shaking with anger. 他气得浑身发抖。
Her face became red with embarrassment.她因为难为情而脸红。
Her face burned with shame.她的脸因为羞愧而发烫。
⑨[表时间]当…的时候；在…之后；随后
With that remark, he left. 他说了那话就离开了。
With daylight I hurried there to see what had happened. 天一亮我就去那儿看发生了什么事。
⑩[表同时或随同]随着；跟着（…的变化而变化）
The risk of developing heart disease increases with the number of cigarettes smoked.吸食香烟的数量越多，患心
脏病的风险就越大。
Blood pressure decreases with exercise.血压随着锻炼而降低。
The girl seemed to be growing prettier with each day. 那女孩好像长得一天比一天漂亮。
with 和as 均可表示“随着”，但前者是介词，后者是连词。如：
He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。
People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。
⑪[表伴随或附带情况]与…同时
Michelle had fallen asleep with her head against his shoulder.米歇尔睡着了，头靠在他的肩上。
I slept with the window open. 我开着窗户睡觉。
Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要满嘴巴食物说话。
⑫赞成；同意
I am with you there. 在那点上我同你意见一致。
⑬[表对象或关系]对…（怀有某种感情）；关于；就…而言；对…来说
He is pleased with his new house. 他对他的新房子很满意。
The teacher was very angry with him. 老师对他很生气。
It’s the same with us students. 我们学生也是这样。
⑭[表对立或敌对]对立；反对
The dog was fighting with the cat. 狗在同猫打架。
He’s always arguing with his brother. 他老是跟他弟弟争论。
⑮与（风、水流等）方向一致；顺着…（反义词：against）
sail with the wind 顺风驶船
swim with the tide 顺着潮流游泳
⑯伴着（声音或手势）；带着（表情）
With a sigh, she leant back and closed her eyes.她叹了口气，身体向后倚靠，闭上了眼睛。
The front door closed with a crash behind him.前门在他身后砰的一声关上了。
知识点2 高频介词against 的用法及考法
2.against
①反对（反义词for）
Are you for or against the plan? 你对这个计划是赞成还是反对呢?
There were 20 votes for him and 12 against him. 有20 票赞成他，12 票反对他。
②违背，违抗，违反
What you have done is against the law. 所做的事情是违法的。
Jane married Jack against her own will. 简与杰克结婚，违背了自己的意愿。
③紧靠；倚
The teacher’s desk is against the wall. 老师的办公桌靠墙放着。
He stood leaning against the tree. 他站着斜靠在墙上。
④迎着；逆着
You should fly your kite against the wind. 你应该迎着风放风筝。
We are sailing against the wind.(with the wind 表示“顺风”) 我们的船正在逆风行驶。
⑤撞击，碰着
The rain was beating against the windows. 雨点拍打着窗户。
Tom hit his head against a tree in the dark.黑暗中汤姆的头撞在一棵树上。
⑥映衬；相映；对照【易错点】
The red flag looks very bright against the blue sky. 红旗在蓝天的衬托下显得十分鲜艳。
The little red house looks so beautiful against the green woods. 那座红色的小屋在翠绿的森林衬托下显得很美。
⑦不利于
an evidence against him 一个对他不利的证据
知识点3 高频介词by 的用法及考法
3.by
①到…为止；不迟于
They had finished the work by the end of last week. 到上周末他们已完成了工作。
Maybe she has come back by now. 或许到现在为止她已经回来了。
I’ll have arrived by five o’clock this afternoon. 我最迟在今天下午5 点前到这里。
by 后接表示过去的时间状语时，多与过去完成时连用；后接now 时，多与现在完成时连用；后接表示将来
的时间状语时，多与将来完成时或一般将来时连用（尤其谓语是be 动词时）。
②按…计算；按…买(卖)（后接单数可数名词，名词其前要用定冠词 the；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠
词）。
They are paid by the hour (by the month). 他们所得报酬按小时(月)计。
As we all know, the luggage is charged by weight.众所周知，行李是按重量收费的。
The parking here is charged by time.这里停车按时间收费。
③乘/坐…（by+交通工具、交通方式名词。名词前不加冠词，不变复数）。
by bus 乘公共汽车；by bike 骑自行车；by train 乘火车；by plane 乘飞机；by taxi 乘出租车；by ship 坐
轮船；by air 乘飞机；by water 走水路；by land 走陆路
但是，若表示交通工具的名词前插有定语修饰语，则也可以用冠词。如：
We’re going by the 9:30 train. 我们坐9:30 的火车去。
We went to Shanghai by a large ship.我们乘一艘大船去上海。
④凭；靠（后接动名词表示行为的方式或手段）
He makes a living by teaching.他以教书为生。
Lock this door by turning the key twice to the left.锁这扇门要把钥匙向左转两圈。
⑤表示被抓住身体/衣物的某一部分（by+身体部位名词或衣服名词）
Suddenly she caught him by the ear. 突然间她抓住了他的耳朵。
The policeman took the thief by the hand. 警察抓住了小偷的手。
⑥表升降、增减的程度（by+数量词）【高频考点】
The number of the students has increased by one-third.学生数量增加了三分之一。
She’s taller than her younger brother by two inches.她比她小弟高两英寸。
⑦在…旁边
Come and sit by me.过来坐在我的旁边。
⑧从看；依；按照
By the way, what time is it by your watch?顺便问一下，你的表几点了?
知识点4 高频介词through 的用法及考法
4.through
①从…中通过；贯穿，穿过（强调从物体内部透过）
The journey through the jungle was perilous.穿过丛林的旅行充满了危险。
The sunshine comes in through the window. 阳光透过窗户照进来。
②通过，凭借（方法手段）
You can only achieve success through hard work.你得孜孜不倦方能成功。
③由于，因为
The thought of someone suffering through a mistake of mine makes me shiver. 想到有人因为我犯的错误而吃苦
头，我就不寒而栗。
④自始至终；从头到尾/底
We'll be in New York Monday through Friday.我们从周一至周五将一直待在纽约。
They will continue construction through the winter months. 他们整个冬季将继续施工。
We worked through the night. 我们通宵的工作。
⑤经受；经历
The country has gone through too many wars. 这个国家经历了太多的战争。
She's been through a bad patch recently. 她最近经历了一段困难时期。
知识点5 高频介词for 的用法及考法
5.for
①因为；由于
Thank you for coming to see me. 谢谢你来看我。
He is famous for his poems. 他因为他的诗出名。
For several reasons, I’d rather not meet her. 由于种种原因，我宁愿不见她。
②（表示目的地或方向）向；前往
They’ll leave for Beijing tomorrow. 明天他们动身去北京。
Is this the train for Shanghai? 这是开往上海的火车吗？
③支持；赞成（反义词：against）
Are you for or against the plan？你是支持还是反对这个计划？
I’m all for the young enjoying themselves. 我完全赞成年轻人多玩玩。
④就…而言；相对…来说（表示相对来说不寻常）
He’s done well for a beginner. 作为新手，他干得很好。
He is heavy for a small boy. 作为一个小男孩而言，他的身体算重的了。
The day is cool for July. 在7 月里这样的日子算是凉快的了。
⑤对于；至于；关于
For her, books were as necessary to life as bread.对她来说，书就像面包一样，是生活必需品。
It would be excellent experience for him to travel a little.对他来说，偶尔出去旅游会是很不错的经历。
⑥(表示时间、距离、数量)持续，达
For a few minutes she sat on her bed watching the clock..她坐在床上盯着时钟看了几分钟。
We drove on for a few miles.我们继续往前开了几公里。
⑦（表示目的或功能）为了；用于
They went out for a walk. 他们出去散步了。
What did you do that for? 你干吗这样做？
This knife is for cutting bread. 这把小刀是用于切面包的。
⑧（表示对象）为了，给，对于
Here is a letter for you. 这是你的信。
Isn't that enough for you?.那对你来说不够吗？
⑨ (与不定式连用引出逻辑上的主语)
Is there any need for me to go? 我有没有必要去？
It is a great pity for him to leave here so soon. 他这么快就离开这里真是遗憾。
It is dangerous for a small child to cross the road alone. 小孩子自己过马路很危险。
知识点6 高频介词from 的用法及考法
6.from
① (表示时间)从…起，始于
She is singing from morning to night. 她从早唱到晚。
②(表示范围或状态)从…(到…)
He ran all the way home from school. 他从学校一路跑回家。
Unemployment has fallen from 7.5% to 7.2%.失业率从 7.5％降到7.2％。
③ (表示距离)离(某处)…
Our school is two miles from the station. 我们学校离车站两英里。
④（表示来源）来自；出自
He comes from Shanghai. 他来自上海。
⑤ (用于 protect, free, keep, prevent 等动词后)免于，阻止，防止
The pill will relieve you from pain. 这药丸将使你免受痛苦。
⑥(表示区别、比较)
He is old enough to know right from wrong. 他已长大,能够辨别是非了。
I can’t tell one twin from the other. 我分不出双胞胎中谁是谁。
⑦(表示原料) 由…(制成)
Flour is made from wheat. 面粉由小麦制成。
⑧（表示原因）因为,由于
He wasn't ill; he stayed in bed from laziness. 他没病,躺在床上是因懒惰之故。
He is trembling from fear. 他吓得发抖
⑨(表判断、观点)由(…来看)，根据(…来判断)
From her looks you would say she was about twenty. 从她的模样看，你会说她约摸20 岁。
The expression on his face changed from sympathy to surprise.他脸上的表情从同情变为惊讶。
知识点7 高频介词under 的用法及考法
7.under
①[表示位置]在…下面；在…下方；在…底下
She sat very still under the tree.她在树底下静静地坐着。
All this happened under his eyes.这一切都发生在他的眼皮底下。
②[表示年龄或数量]低于；在…以下
Many children under five go to nursery school.5 岁以下的许多儿童都上幼儿园。
The watch cannot be sold for under 100 yuan.这块表低于100 元不卖。
The total is under what was expected.总数低于预计数。
③[表示从属关系、影响所及] 在（…领导）下；在（…影响）下；在（…统治）之下
He's very much under the influence of the older boys.那些比他大的男孩对他影响很大。
The army is under the command of General Smith.这支部队由史密斯将军指挥。
He kept the situation under control.他把情势控制下来。
④[尤指一层衣服]在的里面（或底下)
I was wearing two sweaters under the green army jacket.我在绿军装里套了两件毛线衫。
He had no shirt on under his thin jumper.他在薄套头衫里面没有穿衬衣。
He wore a vest under his jacket. 他在夹克里穿了件背心。
⑤在（…状况或条件）下
His best friend was killed by police under extremely questionable circumstances.他最好的朋友在极其可疑的情况
下被警察打死了。
Under normal conditions, only about 20 to 40 per cent of vitamin E is absorbed.正常情况下，仅有20%到40%的
维生素E 会被吸收。
The car is under repair. 这辆汽车在修理中。
⑥用（…之名）；以（…的名义）；假借（…之名）
He never wrote under his real name.他从来不用真名实姓写作。
The patient was registered under a false name.那位患者挂号时用了假名。
知识点7 高频介词upon 的用法及考法
8.upon
①在…上
He set the tray upon the table.他把盘子放在桌子上。
He bent forward and laid a kiss softly upon her forehead.他弯身向前，在她额头上轻轻一吻。
She sat upon the sofa.她坐在沙发上。
②一…即…；一…就…
Upon seeing her, I smiled and ran toward her.一看到她，我就笑了并跑了过去。
Upon his arrival at Qinhuangdao, he gave me a ring.他已到达秦皇岛就给我打了电话。
③将要发生；马上来临
The long-threatened storm was upon us.酝酿多时的暴风雨就要向我们袭来。
The wedding season is upon us.结婚旺季就要来了。
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查with 的用法（最常考的介词）
①with 随着
1.（2026·天津第一次高考改编）_______ the widespread of advanced technology, fewer and fewer people use
cash
②With 的复合结构（with+名词+现在分词）
2.（2026·云南保山市二模）An exhibition and academic conference highlighting the civilization of the ancient
Shu Kingdom in China opened on Saturday in Oxford, England, around 160 guests attending the
opening ceremony.
③以……；用……
3.（2026·辽宁沈阳市实验中学考前预测）Sipping hot water, wearing slippers at home and starting the day
a bowl of comforting congee (粥), these everyday practices, which may sound basic to most Chinese
people, are bits of wisdom for a global audience eager to explore contemporary Chinese lifestyles.
④with + 名词，表示“配备，拥有，凭借”，作伴随状语
4． an AI-powered computer vision system, the robot monitors coral health and aids underwater surveys
and coral reef protection.
⑤with，表示“伴有”
5.（2026·广东月考） a sense of humor, horses are masters of talkers, and they are very
comfortable to get along with, for they have the ability to instantly put people at ease.
6.There were wonderful acrobatic performances background music on the stage. During the Tang
Dynasty, the number of acrobats greatly increased and their skills improved a great deal.
考向2 考查for 的用法
①for 表示原因
1.（2026·江西乐平市模拟）In Tancheng County, the technique of weaving ( 编织) with Langya grass has a
history of over 200 years and was listed as a provincial intangible cultural heritage in 2021 its
simplicity and usefulness.
2.（2026·四川省成都市统练）Zipping through China via high-speed train is an eye-opening experience 580
UK artists.
③短语中的介词for
3.When he reached the North Pole, he found nothing exciting except a sign marking the spot.
④for 可表示“为了、用于”
4.Recently, more people have been booking lion dances their birthday parties and weddings.
考向3 考查through 的用法
①through 透过
1.（2026·山东德州市二模）After more than 20 years of digital exploration, the Palace Museum will continue to
drive technological development, which aims to better protect cultural heritage and serve as a key patriotic
education base and an international window which the world can better understand Chinese civilization
and the Chinese nation, thus contributing to the development of socialist culture in the new era.
②through 通过
2．If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave the back door.
考向4 考查upon 或on 的用法
her return, their reunion after a long separation brought mixed feelings of joy and sorrow (悲喜交加) to
them both.
考向5 考查by 的用法
1.（2026·山东淄博市二模）What makes Liangzhu truly remarkable is that it predates the Shang Dynasty
559 nearly two thousand years. The discoveries at Liangzhu have changed our understanding of when Chinese
civilization first emerged.
2.（2026·山东淄博市二模）What makes Liangzhu truly remarkable is that it predates the Shang Dynasty
nearly two thousand years. The discoveries at Liangzhu have changed our understanding of when Chinese
civilization first emerged.
3．Day by day, her coworkers, shocked by Thunder’s rapid recovery, fell silent. Their initial skepticism was
drowned the amazing results.
考向6 考查against 的用法
1.（2026·重庆市巴蜀中学校高三开学考）Unlike earlier waterproof clothing that protected _______ almost
everything, including oils, newer garments require more frequent washing.
2.Our National Flag stands out brightly ________ the blue sky.
考点二 特殊介词的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点1 介词unlike prep. 不像；与…不同；与…平时不同；like prep. 像；怎么样；（是）…
样的人/事物；比如；与…一样；
知识点2 介词despite prep. 尽管，虽然；不由自主
知识点3 介词beyond prep. 在…另一边；超过，超出；晚于；无法理解
知识点4 介词without prep. 缺乏，没有，不用；不和…一起；在没有(发生或做某事)的情况下
知识点5 介词concerning prep. 关于，涉及
知识点6 介词given prep. 考虑到，鉴于；如果有（机会等）
知识点7 介词regarding prep. 关于；就…而论；至于
知识点8 介词than prep. 表示比较
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查unlike/like 的用法
1.（2026·重庆市永川中学校第三次调研检测） traditional water dragon boating, this ice dragon
boating requires athletes to use ice picks to push their boats forward on solid ice, a task demanding great upper
body strength.
2.（2026·广西百色市二模） others explaining traditional concepts like qi or yin and yang, Emma Peng
spares no effort to express long-standing Chinese customs in the modern language of Western wellness, using
terms like “detox”, “lower cortisol” and “heal your gut”.
3.(2026·湖北省襄阳市第四中学测试)They learn from master restorers and also use modern technology, ________
digital scanning, to carry out their work accurately.
考向二 考查Despite 的用法
（2026·江西萍乡市高三二模） the language barrier, the two sides had in-depth exchanges on facial
painting and performing techniques.
考向三 考查beyond 的用法
（2026·辽宁沈阳市第二中学模拟）The cultural influence extends far merchandise (商品) itself. The
domestic video game Black Myth: Wukong has sold nearly 30 million copies. Meanwhile, toy maker Pop Mart,
with its collectible art figures, continues to attract a huge following.
考向四 考查without 的用法
1. your help, I wouldn't have succeeded anyway.
2．Hundreds of thousands of people suddenly found themselves in the dark water, electricity, air
conditioning, and internet.
考向五 考查concerning 的用法
In May 2020, China and Qatar signed a cooperation agreement (concern) giant panda protection and
research to further promote international cooperation in the field and to boost the protection of endangered species
and biodiversity in the two countries.
考向六 考查given 的用法
(give) these cultural differences, it comes as no surprise that Canada has been celebrating
Multiculturalism Day since 2002.
考向七 考查regarding 的用法
Our brains use the system to acquire behavioural patterns (regard) safe routes home, efficient food
gathering and dangers to avoid.
考向八 考查than 的用法
1．For parents, teachers, and coaches, there is no greater responsibility sustaining the mental and
physical health of our young people.
2．The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters, more so
the familiar near side.
考点三 普通介词的用法
知识点1 时间介词的用法辨析
表示时间的介词
介词的用法说明
in, on, at, by
in
用来表示一天中某段时间，指天、年、月、季节、周次等。如：in the
morning
on
用来表示某一天或星期几，指明具体的时间。如：on a rainy day
at
用来表示特定的时间、节日、年龄等。如：at noon
by
表示“……的时候、到……时、等到……已经”等，用在天、时间的前
面。如：by 2 o'clock
in, after
(1)“in＋一段时间”用于一般将来时。
You will receive a response to your application in a week.
您的申请将在一周内得到回复。
(2)“after＋一段时间”用于一般过去时。
My mother came home after half an hour.
我妈妈半小时后回家了。
(3)“after＋时间点”常用于一般将来时。
We'll go out for a walk after supper.
晚饭后我们将出去散步。
for, since
(1)for 表示一段时间。
I have been living here for 10 years.
我在这里住了10 年了。
(2)since 表示从过去某一时间以来。
I have been living here since 2000.
自2000 年以来我一直住在这里。
during, for
(1)当所指的时间起止分明时用介词during。
He swims every day during the summer.
夏天他每天都游泳。
(2)如果一段时间不明确则用介词for。
I haven't seen her for years.
我好几年没见到她了。
before, by
(1)before 表示“在……之前”。
He won't come back before five.
他五点以前不会回来。
(2)by 表示“到……时为止，不迟于……”。
The work must be finished by Friday.
这项工作必须在星期五之前完成。
till, until
(1)till 和until 用在肯定句中，均可表示“直到……为止”。
I will wait till (until) seven o'clock.
我将等到七点钟。
(2)till 和until 用在否定句中，均可表示“在……以前”或“直到……才”。
Tom didn't come back till (until) midnight.
汤姆直到半夜才回来。
(3)till 多用于普通文体，而 until 则用于多种文体，并且在句子开头时，用until
而不用till。
Until he comes back, nothing can be done.
他回来前什么也做不了。
易错提醒
不用介词表达时间的几种情况：
(1)当表示时间的词前有this, that 时，其前面不用介词，如：this morning。
(2)当表示时间的词前有next 时，其前面不用介词，如：next Sunday。
(3)当表示时间的词前有last 时，其前面不用介词，如：last Sunday。
(4)当表示时间的词前有one, any, each, every, some 或all 时，其前面不用介词，如：one morning。
知识点2 表示方位
表示方位
具体含义
on, above, over；
under; beneath;
1. on 指在某物的表面上，其反义词是beneath；
2. above 指离开物体表面而在其上方，不一定是垂直向上，其反义词是below；
3. over 指离开物体表面而在其正上方，其反义词是under。
4. beneath 意味着某物位于另一物的正下方，两者可能接触，更正式；under 也可
以表示某物位于另一物的正下方，但它的含义更广泛，两者之间不一定的接触。
on the wall 在墙上 above the clouds 在云端
over the sea 在海上 under the chair 在椅子下
below the surface of the water 在水面下
across,；through,
past；over,
along ；by ；
beside；
1. across 指从一平面上“横穿”或“在……对面”；
2. through 指从人群或物体内部“穿过，贯穿”；
3. past 表示动态的动作发生在某人/某物的旁边；
4. over 表示从上方越过；
5. along 表示“沿着”；
6. by 与beside 均表示“在……旁边”，by 含有“倚，凭靠”的意思；
7. beside 指两者位置关系。
at, in, on
at 后接较小的地方或门牌号码；in 后接较大的地方； on 一般指与面或线接触。
at home 在家； at a factory 在一家工厂
in Beijing 在北京；in the world 在世界上
in, on, to, off；
in 表示在某一范围之内；on 表示与某一地区“毗邻，接壤”；to 表示在某范围之
外；off 表示“(时空上)离，距”。
between, among,
around
between 表示“在两者之间”； among 表示“在三者（以上）之中”；
around 表示“环绕（四周）”。
between A and B 在A 和B 之间；among the trees 在树林中
around the table 围在桌边
in
front
of,
opposite, behind
in front of 表示“在……前面/正面”； behind 表示“在……后面”；
opposite 表示“在……对面”。
in front of the classroom 在教室前面; behind my house 在我家房子后面
opposite me 在我对面
in, into, out of ,
up
in 表示“在……之内”; into 表示“进入”；
out of 表示“从……到外面”； up 表示“向上移动”。
be in the classroom 在教室里 ran into the classroom 跑进教室
rush out of the room 冲出房间 climb up the tree 爬上树
along,
across,
past, through
along 表示“沿着”；across 表示“横穿（平面）”；
past 表示“经过”； through 表示“通过（内部空间）”其含义与in 有关，。
along the river/railway 沿着河边/铁路 across the river 横渡过河
past the city hall 经过市政厅 through the city/forest 穿过城市/森林
to, for, from
to 表示“到达……目的地或目标”；for 表示“向……（目的地）”；
from 表示“从……（地点）起”。
get to the airport 到达机场; leave for 动身去; from Beijing to Shanghai 从北京到
上海
知识点3 表示原因
原因介词具体含义
1.because of:意为“由于,因为”,在句中仅作状语，修饰句中的一部分，与其他成分不用逗号隔开。
He didn't go to work because of his illness.由于生病他没去上班。
2.owing to:与because of 一样,也强调因果关系,作状语修饰整个句子，可放在句首或句末,用逗号隔开。
They decided to postpone the trip, owing to the change of the weather.
由于天气变化，他们决定推迟旅行。
3.due to:引出造成后果的原因,在句中作表语、状语和定语。作状语时与owing to 同义,一般不用逗号与其他
成分隔开,且不放于句首。
The team's success was largely due to her efforts.该队的成功很大程度上是由于她的努力。
4.for:多=与表示感情的抽象名词或动词及reason, famous 等词连用。
I must apologize
for
calling you so late.和抱歉我这么晚来找你。
5.at:常表示某种表情的起因，常和表示听、看或喜、怒、吃惊等词连用。
You didn’t looked very surprised at the news of his failure.听到他失败的消息，你看上去并不是很吃
惊。
He got angry at her words 他因她所说的话而生气。
6.from:常接抽象名词表示自然或间接原因
Lots of people suffered from hunger in those days.在那些日子里,许多人都遭受到了饥饿之苦。
7.of:多用于自身的原因,如死因、病因等。
I'm ashamed of myself for being so stupid.我为自己这么笨而感到羞愧 He died of cancer.他死于癌症。
8.with:多用于表示情绪的形容词或身体动作或状态的动词之后，表示某种心理或心理状况的原因。
Her face went white with anger.她气得脸都白了。
9.by:表示“由于,成为……结果”,不与冠词连用。
by chance/accident 意外，偶然地, by nature 天生
10.on account of:与because of，owing to 同义,但语气较为正式。可作状语、表语，但不作定语。
That was on account of lack of exercise.那是由于缺乏锻炼。
11.thanks to:只能用作状语,可以表示正面的意思“幸亏”，也可以用在讽刺口吻中(近于讽刺口吻的“感
谢”)。
The play succeeded thanks to fine acting by all the cast.
由于全体演员的出色表演 那出戏剧才获得成功。
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查一般介词的用法
1.（2026 年1 月浙江卷）One of my earliest memories is being held her arms, counting down the
flashing green numbers together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there.
2.（2026·河南濮阳市三考前预测）You absolutely can’t take my mum anywhere without her directing a 15-
minute photoshoot. If you think that means she enjoys being the camera, you’re wrong. Mum is the
everpresent subject and star of her happy photos while friends and family move in and out as supporting characters.
3.（2026·陕西西安市铁一中学5 月阶段检测）The store, every agreed day, will pack the food well
and send it to the customer’s home.
考向2 考查介词短语的用法
1．The old temple was able to be rebuilt due many people’s donation.
2．The national railway operator said it will adjust bullet train ticket prices on six railway lines according
passenger numbers.
3．（2026·河南省信阳市信阳高级中学统考）In December 1994,an ancient building complex at Wudang was
listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site because the religious significance and architectural
achievements of the buildings within the complex, such as the Yuxu Palace.
4．In addition practical skills, Pruitt’s lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote
feelings of community.
考点四 复合介词的用法
知识点1 常考复合介词的意义
according to 根据
along with 随同……一起；除了……之外
in addition to 加之；除了……之外
in case of 万一；在有……情形时
apart/aside from 除……之外
as a result of 因为；由于
as a consequence of 因为
because of 因为；由于
on account of 因为
due to 由于；因为
owing to 由于；因为
thanks to 由于；幸亏
as for/to 至于；关于；就……而言
as with 至于；与……一样
but for 要不是……的话
by means of 以……方式；借着……
except for 除……之外
in/by comparison with 与……相较；较之
in contrast to 与……相比
contrary to 违反……；与……相对
for fear of 以免……；以防…．
in spite of 虽然；尽管
instead of 代替；而不
out of 出于；因为
regardless of 不顾；不管
with/as regard to 关于
in terms of 用……字眼；用……措词；从……观
点；从…的角度
as opposed to 与……相对；而不是
知识点2 介词短语的意义辨析
at a time 一次；同时；连续地
at one time 曾经；一次；同时
at the same time 同时；但是
at times 有时；偶尔
at no time 从不；决不
in time 及时；迟早；合拍子
on time 准时；按时
in no time 立即；一下子
from time to time 偶尔
for the time being 暂时
for a moment 片刻；一会儿
for the moment 目前；暂时
at the moment 此刻；正当那时
in a moment 马上；一会儿后
at the beginning of 在……之初；在……开头
in the beginning 最初；起初
at the end of 在……末；在……结束时
in the end 最后
on one's own 独自；靠自己
of one's own 自己的；特有的
(all) by oneself (alone; without help)
独自一人；单独地；独自地
to oneself (not shared with anyone)
独享的；独自拥有的；只给自己
for oneself 亲自
of oneself 自动地
in oneself 本身
in words 用语言；用言语
in word 口头上
in a/one word 总而言之；一言以蔽之
with words 用语言
with these/the words 说完后
in other words 换句话说
with pleasure(口语)当然了；很愿意；愿意为您
效劳
for pleasure 为了玩；为了取乐
知识点3 考查成对出现的介词
1.between……and……在……与……之间；介于……和……之间
2.from……to……从……到……
3.not……until……直到…才…
考●向●破●译
考向1 考查介词短语的用法
1.
spite of the high mountains and thick forests, the doctors and nurses rushed to the scene of the accident
for the rescue.
2．We had to put off the sports meeting on account the heavy rain.
3．Mr. Bean constantly gets into awkward and absurd situations, which greatly amuses audiences regardless
their nationalities and culture.
考向2 考查成对介词的用法
1.（2026·河北黄骅中学高三二模）Exploring Zhangye Danxia Geopark involves hiking on well-paved paths
one high sightseeing platform to another, admiring the splendid Danxia landscape along the way.
2.Participants stressed the need for both local and global efforts to address challenges such as technology and
inclusivity, including bridging the digital divide countries while respecting diverse traditions and
histories.
易错提醒
在解答这类题时，同学们一定要有整体意识，瞻前顾后，这样才能快速找到答案，否则，可能会进入
解题误区。
考点五 介词+名词构成的介词短语
知●识●解●构
知识点 “介词+名词”的常用搭配
① at+n. 表示状态
at peace 处于和平中 at ease 安心自在,不拘束 at drill 在操练
at random 随意地,胡乱地 at work 在工作 at play 在玩耍
② by+n. 表示方式
by hand 手工的 by mistake 错误的 by chance/accident 偶然
by design 故意地 by turns 轮流地,交替地 by surprise 突然(冷不防,出其不意地)
③ in+n.表示方式
in shape 在外形上 in cash 用现金付的 in brief 简言之
in detail 详细地 in general 一般说来 in person 亲自 in tum 轮流，依次
in advance 事先提前 in vain 白费，徒劳
④ in+n 表示状态
in debt 负债 in order 整齐 in condition 健康
in doubt 怀疑 in danger 处于危险中 in surprise 惊奇地
in public 公开的 in shame 由于害羞 in comfort 舒适地
⑤ of +n. 表示特征
of value 有价值 of importance 重要 of use 有用
of help 有帮助 of interest 有兴趣 of ability 有能力
⑥ on +n. 表示状态
on guard 值班，警戒 on show/display 展览 on business 因公出差
on strike 在罢工 on duty 值班 on leave/sick leave 在度假/休病假
⑦ out of +n 表示状态
out of sight 看不到 out of mind 发狂 out of danger 脱离危险
out of trouble 摆脱困难 out of office 在野，不执政 out of business 失业
out of fashion 不流行 out of order 出故障 out of debt 不欠债
out of control 不受控制 out of question 毫无疑问 out of breath 气喘吁吁
out of condition 身体不佳 out of date 过时
⑧ under+n.表示被动
under discussion/treatment/control/attack/consideration 在讨论中/治疗中/控制中/被攻击/在考虑中
⑨ with+n. 表示方式
with pleasure 愉快地 with delight 高兴地 with fear 吓得
with satisfaction 满意地 with difficulty 困难地 with ease 轻而易举地
考●向●破●译
考向 考查介词+名词的介词短语
1．(2026·河北省衡水市冀州中学月考)If people don't treat animals as goods, we can live ________ harmony
with them.
2.(2026· 河南省安阳市高三上调研考试)Using Xi'an and Venice as examples, he warned some popular
destinations are ________ risk from overtourism.
考点五 介词+形容词构成的介词短语
知●识●解●构
知识点1 “介词+形容词”的常用搭配
① adj. + about
be anxious about 为……而忧虑 be certain/sure about 对……有把握
be doubtful about 对……怀疑 be enthusiastic about 对……热情的/热心的
be hopeful about 对……抱有希望 be incredulous about 对……不相信
② adj.+ at
be quick at 做……敏捷 be slow at 对……反应慢 be surprised at 对……吃惊
be bad at 不擅长 be terrified at 受到……恐吓 be shocked at ……震惊
③ adj. + from
be absent from 缺席 be free from 不受……影响
be safe from 安全 be different from 与……不同
④ adj. + for
be anxious for 渴望 be hungry for 渴望 be eager for 渴望
be fit for 适合 be unfit for 不适合 be thankful for 因……而感激
be famous for 因……而著名 be ready for 为……作好准备 be responsible for 对……负责
⑤ adj. + in
be weak in 不擅长…… be strict in 对……严格 be rich in 含有丰富的……
be dressed in 穿着…… be successful in 在……上成功 be absorbed in 专心于
be disappointed in 对……失望 be experienced in 对……有经验 be expert in 在……方面熟练
be fortunate in 有幸
⑥ adj. + of
be ashamed of 羞耻 be aware of 知道 be guilty of 有罪的
be proud of 骄傲 be short of 缺乏 be sick of 厌烦
be tired of 厌倦 be worthy of 值得 be free of 免于
be shy of 对……感到害羞
⑦ adj. + to
be contrary to 与……相反 be determined to 决定…… be equal to 等于
be familiar to 对……所熟悉 be favourable to 对……有利 be harmful to 对……有害
be different to 不同于 be similar to 相似,相似 be polite to 对……有礼貌
be rude to 对……无礼 be determined to 决定… be equal to 等于
be familiar to 对……所熟悉 be favourable to 对……有利 be harmful to 对……有害
be similar to 相似，相似 be polite to 对……有礼貌 be suitable to 适合
be rude to 对……无礼 be married to 与……结婚
⑧ adj. + with
be popular with 受……欢迎 be patient with 对……有耐心 be sick with 患病
be pleased with 对……喜欢 be crowded with 充满…… be content with 对……满
足 be annoyed with 对……烦恼 be familiar with 精通,熟悉 be friendly with 与……
友好 be nervous with 对……紧张 be satisfied with 对……满意
⑨ adj. + on
be dependant on 依靠 be keen on 热衷于…… be severe on 对……严格/严
厉
知识点2 from... to...构成的短语
from beginning to end 从头到尾 from head to foot 从头到脚，浑身
from bad to worse 越来越糟 from morning to night 从早到晚
from time to time 不时地 from place to place 各处
from door to door 挨门挨户地 from top to bottom 整个地，彻底地
from cover to cover(书)从头到尾 from hand to mouth 勉强糊口
from generation to generation 一代一代地
知识点3 n.+prep. +n.
① n. +by+n.
side by side 肩并肩
step by step 一步一步地 one by one 一个接一个地
little by little 一点一点地 day by day 一天一天地
② n. + after +n.
day after day 日复一日地 year after year 复一年地
③ n. +in+n.
arm in arm 手挽手地 hand in hand 手牵手地 heart in ones mouth 提心吊胆
④ n. + to + n.
day to day 日常的 heart to heart 互相交心地 face to face 面对面地
back to back 背靠背地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地
⑤ in +n. +of
in fear of 害怕 in charge of 负责 in honor of 为纪念,为庆祝
in memory of 为纪念 in need/want/demand of 需要 in place of 代替
in possession of 拥有 in search of 寻找 in case of 以防,万一
in control of 管理 in danger of 处于……的危险中 in terms of 就......而言
In respect of 关于，涉及 in spite of 尽管，虽然 in praise of 表扬
for 与of 表示不定式复合结构的逻辑主语
(1) It is +adj. +of sb to do sth =sb. +be + adj. + to do sth 当形容词说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特性时，
用of。常见的形容词有 kind，good，nice，clever,stupid,foolish, con siderate，polite,impolite,cruel 等。
It was kind of you to help us.=You are kind to help us.
你好心帮助我们，真是太好了。
It was silly of you to trust such a man.=You are silly to trust such a man.你太愚蠢了，竟然相信这样一个人。
(2) It is + adj. + for sb to do sth 当形容词说明不定式的性质时，用for。常见的形容词有 important，
necessary，possible，impossible 等。
It won't be easy for you to find a job.对你来说，找一份工作很难。
It's important for us to learn English.学英语对我们来说很重要。
不可遗漏的后置介词
(1) 在被动语态中,谓语部分的介词和主语构成介宾关系,介词不能遗漏。
The child has been taken good care of in the nursery.
这个孩子在幼儿园里一直受到很好的照顾。
(2) 在非谓语动词表示被动意义时,相关介词也不可省略。
The problem is well worth paying attention to.这个问题很值得关注。
(3) 在定语从句中,当从句的谓语和先行词构成动宾关系且从句谓语动词为不及物动词时。
I don’t know the girl you referred to at the meeting.我不认识你在会上提到的那个女孩。
(4) 作定语的非谓语动词和它修饰的名词构成动宾或介宾关系且相关介词后置时。
We have many new models to choose from.
我们有许多新模型可以选择。
to 与表示情感的名词连用,指某种行动后产生的感觉。
如： to one's delight/surprise/horror/sorrow/joy/regret = to the delight/surprise/horror/sorrow/joy/regret of
sb,这种表达法表示结果,在句中作状语,位于句前、句中、句尾皆可。为了强调,可在前面加 much,意为“使
某人……的是”。
Much to my surprise ( = To my great surprise),they offered me the job.
使我非常惊奇的是,他们把那份工作给了我。
Much to our regret, we will be absent from the party.
非常遗憾,我们将缺席这场晚会。
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查介词+形容词的介词短语
1. As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar the challenges David faced and was
proud of his strong determination.
2.Schools should pay more attention to cultural education so that students are fully aware the
significance of culture protection.
3.Students who are successful in an online course are usually capable working independently in a
responsible and honest manner.
考向二 考查from... to...构成的短语
Accompanied by the sound of bicycle bells and the smell of cakes, my grandma stopped from time _____ time
to point out the small shop where she bought candies for me when I was little.
考向三 考查n.+prep. +n.构成的短语
1.People invented Chinese chess
memory of the battle between Liu Bang and Xiang Yu.
2.Elephants would be _______ danger of dying out if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
考点六 动词+介词的短语（重点）
知识点 动词与介词的搭配
1．动词+ about
speak/talk about 谈论
think about 思考
care about 关心，对……感兴趣
bring about 引起，使发生
set about 着手，开始
come about 发生
hear about 听说
worry about 为……担心
see about 办理，安排
leave about 乱丢
2．动词+ away
throw away 扔掉
blow away 吹走
carry away 拿走，忘乎所以
clear away 把……清除掉
die away 逐渐消失。
pass away 去世
wash away 冲走
take away 拿走
put away 收拾起来，存起来
give away 背弃，泄漏
wear away 磨掉，消耗
break away 摆脱
send away 让……走开
turn away 把……打发走
3．动词+back
keep back 隐瞒，忍住
look back (on)回顾
14．动词+over
turn over 翻倒，细想
think over 仔细考虑
go over 审阅，检查，研究，
look over 翻阅，检查
get over 克服
run over(车辆)碾过
take over 接管，接替
fall over 跌倒，摔倒
watch over 看守，照看
change over 更换
roll over 翻滚
lean over 伏在……上面
cross over 穿过（街道）
leave over 遗留
laugh over 发笑
15．动词+to
belong to 属于
object to 反对
refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅
point to 指向
turn to 向……求助，查阅
stick/hold/keep to 坚持，忠于
see to 处理，料理
come to 苏醒
reply to 答复
bring to 使苏醒
get to 到达
compare.., to 与……相比，把……比作
hold back 阻止，抑制
put back 把……放回原处
give back 归还
call back 回电话
take back 拿回，收回
4．动词+for
run for 竞选
ask for 要求得到
wait for 等候
stand for 代表，表示
long for 渴望
hope/wish for 希望得到
care for 关心，喜欢
beg for 乞求
answer for 对……负责任
search for 查找
look for 寻找
call for 需要，要求
hunt for 寻找
change...for 用……换
charge...for 收费，要价
apply for 申请
take...for 误以为……是
seek for 寻找
come for 来拿，来取
5．动词+ down
burn down 烧毁
break down 坏了，垮了，分解
take down 记下，记录
turn down 调小，拒绝
cut down 削减，砍倒
slow down 慢下来
pass down 流传
put down 记下，写下，镇压
calm down 平静下来
bring down 使……降低，使倒下
agree to 同意
write to...写信给……
supply.., to 向……提供
lead to 导致，通向
add to 增添
attend to 处理
connect to 连接，相连
16．动词+ up
grow up 成长，长大
give up 放弃，献出
build up 建立
set up 架起，建立
put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起
go up 增长，上涨
do up 整理，包装，打扮
get up 起床，站起
pick up 拾起，学会，用车来接，收听到
turn up 开大（音量等），出席，出现
bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出
stay up 挺住，熬夜
take up 开始学，从事，占据
eat up 吃完
use up 用完
tear up 撕碎
lay up 积蓄，卧床
join up 连接起来
make up 构成，组成，化妆
cut up 切碎
end up 最终成为；最后处于
come up 上来，长出，出现
speed up 加快速度
throw up 呕吐
clear up 整理，收拾，放晴
look up 查找，向上看
burn up 烧毁
catch up 赶上
settle down 安家
come down 下落，传下
tear down 拆毁，拆除
die down 渐熄
pull down 拉下
6．动词+ at
come at 向……袭击
shout at (sb．)冲（某人）嚷嚷
run at 冲向，向……攻击
work at 从事于，致力于
tear at 用力撕
look at 看，注视
stare at 凝视
glare at 怒视
glance at 匆匆一瞥
laugh at 嘲笑
knock at 敲（门、窗等） ‘
point at 指向
smile at sb．冲某人笑
strike at 向……打击
aim at 向……瞄准
shoot at 向……射击
call at 拜访（地点）
7．动词+ from
differ from 与……不同
suffer from 受……苦
hear from 收到……来信
die from 因……而死
keep/stop/prevent.., from 不让……做
learn from 向……学习
result from 由于
date from 始于……时期
separate.., from 把……分开
8．动词+of
think of 想到
dream“梦到，渴望
hurry up 赶快
fix up 修理，安排，装置
keep up 保持，维持，继续
send up 发射
ring up 打电话
open up 开创,开辟
divide up 分配
break up 拆散，结束，分解
hang up 挂断电话
hold up 阻挡，使停顿
wake up 醒来
wrap up 包好，伪装
17．动词+ through
get through 通过，接通（电话）
pull through 渡过危机，康复
go through 审阅，学习
see through 识破
check through 核对
look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看
18．动词+ with
connect with 与……相连
deal with 处理，对付
do with 处理
meet with 遇到，遭受
talk with 同……交谈
agree with 同意，与……一致
compare with 与……相比
combine with 与……相联合
equip.. with 以……装备
cover...with 用……覆盖
begin with 以……开始
end with 以……结束
supply...with 以……供给
play with 玩，玩弄
19．三个词以上的动词短语
①动词十名词十介词
consist of 由……组成
speak of 谈到
approve of 赞成
die of 死于
talk of 谈到
hear of 听说
complain of 抱怨
become of 发生……情况，怎么啦
9．动词+off
start off 出发
set off 出发
leave off 中断
show off 炫耀
get off 下车
take off 脱下，起飞
see sb. off 为某人送行
ring off 挂断电话
put off 延期，断绝
come off 脱落，褪色
cut off 切断，断绝
fall off 跌落，掉下
keep off 避开，勿走近
go off 爆炸，坏了
knock.., off 把……撞落
break off 打断
carry off 携走，带走
get off 离开，逃脱，下车，从……下来
give off 散发出
turn/switch off 关掉
pay off 还清（债务）
pull off 脱掉（衣或帽）
10．动词+ on
depend on 依靠
rely on 依靠
insist on 坚持认为
carry on 继续，进行
apply one's mind to 专心于
catch/take hold of 抓住
devote one's life to 为……献身
do (great) wrong to 冤枉，委屈
fix one's eyes on 凝视
get a good hold of 抓牢
give advice on 提出……建议
have trust in 相信
have a word with...同……谈话
have a look at 看一下
have trouble in...在……有麻烦
have mercy on 同情，怜悯
help oneself to 请吃，随便用
make friends with...同……交朋友
make (the) best use of 充分利用
catch sight of 瞧见，看见
devote oneself to 献身于，专心于
do (great) harm to 对……危害（大）
feel pity for...对……感到怜悯
form the habit of．，养成……的习惯
get rid of 除去，摆脱
have none of 不允许，不接受
have (no) difficulty in...在……（没）有困难
have (show) interest in...对……有兴趣
have words with...同……争吵
have (deep) effect on...对……有（深远）影响
have the honour of 有幸
keep a record of 记录
make a mistake about...对……产生误会
make an apology to...向……道歉
make one's way to 走向
make preparations for 准备
make a dive for 猛冲
make room for...为……留地方
make fun of 取笑
make a study of 研究，学习
keep/go on 继续
spend... On 在……方面花钱
put on 穿上，戴上，上演
call on 拜访
move on 继续移动，往前走
feed on 以……为生
live on 以……为生
take on 雇用，呈现（新面貌等）
have on 穿着
try on 试穿
look on 旁观
pass on 传授，传递
hang on(打电话)不挂断，稍等片刻
turn/switch on 打开
hold on 等一等（别挂电话）
11．动词十out
break out 爆发
point out 指出
pick out 选出
figure out 算出
burst out 迸发
bring out 阐明，使表现出
carry out 执行
help out 帮助克服困难
hold out 坚持下去，伸出，维持
set out 出发，着手
wear out 使……疲劳
turn out 结果是，生产
make out 理解，看清楚
come out 出版，出来
cross out 划掉
leave out 省略，删掉
keep out (of)使不进入，挡住
work out 算出，想出（办法等）
find out 查出，弄明白
give out 散发，分发，用完
pay attention to 注意
put one's heart and soul into 全神贯注于
pass a judgement on 判决
set fire to 放火，点火
show respect for 尊敬
show mercy to 同情
say goodbye to..向……道别
say hello to 打招呼
set an example to...给……树立榜样
shake hands with 握手
take the side of 支持，站在一边
take delight in...以……为乐
take aim at 瞄准
throw light on 阐明，使人明白
take part in 参加
take a message for...给……捎个口信
②动词十副词十介词
add up to 总计为
break away from...改掉……，与……脱离关系
be up to...应由……，轮到……
cut down on 削减
catch up with 赶上
come up to 达到（标准），比得上
come up against 遭到（反对、困难）
do well in...在……做得好
do away with 废除
fit in with 适合，符合
get through with 完成，花光
get on (along) with 进展，相处
go on with 继续
go back on 背信，背弃
go in for 参加，爱好
go ahead with 进行，继续下去
keep away from 与……脱离关系，改掉
keep up with 跟上
face up to 面对，承担
try out 试用，试验
look out 当心，提防
put out 扑灭
speak out 大胆讲出
hand out 散发
send out 发出，派遣
run out 用完
go out 熄灭
let out 泄漏，发出（声音）
check out 查明，结账
12．动词+in
give in 让步
hand in 上交
bring in 引进
drop in 拜访
result in 导致
succeed in 在……方面获得成功
join in 参加
take in 接纳，吸收
get in 收获，进入
break in 强制进入，插话
fill in 填写
call in 召集，来访
cut in 插入
persist in 坚持
check in 报到，登记
let in 让……进来，放进
13．动词+into
look into 研究，调查
turn into 变成
burst into 闯入，迸发
divide...into 把……分成
change.., into 把……变成
put/translate...into 把……译成
run into 碰到
fall back on 依靠
get down to 开始认真做
get out of 从……出来，摆脱
go ahead of 先行
go out of...从……出来
grow out of 产生自
live up to 不辜负
look out for 提防，照看
look back upon 回顾
look forward to 盼望
run up against 遇到
think highly“高度评价
work hard at 努力于
look up to 尊敬，仰慕
look down upon 轻视，不重视
put up with 忍受，容忍
run out of 用完
watch out for 当心，提防
③动词十介词十名词
arrive at a conclusion 得出结论
burst into pieces 成为碎片
burst into tears 突然大哭
burst into laughter 突然大笑
come to the rescue 前来营救
come into use 开始使用，实施
come into power 当权，执政
come into effect 开始生效
come into being 产生，建立
come into light 发亮
come to a conclusion 得出结论
fly into a temper 耍脾气
get into trouble 陷入麻烦
plunge into sorrow 使陷入悲伤
put..．to use 使用，利用
set to work 开始工作
考●向●破●译
考向 考查动词+介词短语中的介词（高频考点）
1．(2026·山西省三重教育高三上学情检测)A new sandyellow cave theater built on the edge of the Gobi Desert
in Dunhuang City is bringing the relics ________ life.
2．(2026·重庆市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试)In the face of climate change, Sigley views tea ________ a
symbol of harmony between people and nature.
3．(2026·云南省昆明市第一中学高三第一次联考)Studies reveal that over 40% of adults now rely ________
fast food, which saves time but frequently contains too much salt and sugar.
4.Nowadays, Chinese people like to eat out with relatives and friends during weekends or festivals. A typical meal
starts ________ some cold dishes, like boiled peanuts and smashed cucumber with garlic, followed by the main
courses, including hot meat and vegetable dishes.
5.When Picasso was born, he was so weak that the nurse left him on the side table and simply began to attend
________ his mother.
6.（2025·浙江Z20 名校联盟高三第一次联考）Another indication of the benefits gained the Dream
Works-Reliance Entertainment partnership is their agreement to continue the relationship.
7．The Smiths are praised the way they bring up their children.
8.（2026·云南师范大学附属中学高考适应性月考卷（二））When viewed from a distance, the sky and the
water merge one color. Cars traveling on the road are like small boats “sailing against the wind and
waves” on the sea, creating a breath-taking landscape.
思维建模
技巧1：依据句式和搭配填介词【高频再现】
(1)与动词搭配，如： remind sb of sth“提醒某人某事”；rob sb of sth“抢劫某人某物”。
(2)与名词或代词搭配，如： by accident“偶然”；by oneself “靠自己”。
(3)与形容词搭配，如：be curious about“对……感到好奇”；be proud of “因……而自豪”。
(4)其他搭配，【易错提醒】如：not ...until ...“直到……才……”；from ...to ...“从……到……”；
between ...and ... “在……和……之间”。
技巧2：1.高考评价体系要求：考生能在具体的语境中，准确判断和使用基本的语法规则。提高介词
运用能力的基本策略：
（1）高考对介词的考查主要集中在介词的基本用法及介词与其他词构成的固定短语的用法上。
（2）语法填空题对介词的考查形式为纯空格，即没有提示词，这对学生正确理解句意提出了较高的
要求。
（3）名词或动词-ing 形式在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一定填介词。介词可位于名词
之前，如at night、on Sunday 等；也可位于形容词之后，如be interested in、be good at 等；还可位于不及物
动词之后，如listen to、arrive at、look for 等。
技巧3：很多时候不是考查介词本身，而是借助介词+名词、介词+形容词、动词+介词来考查介词，确
定介词的依据是记熟相关短语。
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑，感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
考点01 考查介词的基本用法
1.（2026 年1 月浙江卷）One of my earliest memories is being held 37 her arms, counting down the
flashing green numbers together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there.
2.（2026·天津第一次高考）______ the widespread of advanced technology, fewer and fewer people use cash for
payment.
3.（2024 新课标I 卷）The Glasshouse stands 63 a great achievement in contemporary design, to house
the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route…
4.（2022 全国甲卷）Now, Cao has started the second part of his dream to walk along the Belt and Road route. He
flew 4, 700 kilometers ___________ Xi’an to Kashgar on seat 20, planning to hike back to Xi’an in five months.
5.（2022 北京卷）Helen was walking down the street late ________ the evening, her arms filled with grocery
bags.
考点02 考查短语中的介词用法
6. (2025 浙江1 月卷)Customers today look past the fact that something is secondhand and focus instead 58
the fact that they have something unique to wear and are not overstuffing their own wardrobes ( 衣柜) or
contributing to landfill.
7. (2025 八省联考卷)The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform 61 the world
to better understand China, but also promotes language and cultural exchanges in the world.
8.（2022 新课标I 卷）Giant pandas also serve ___________ an umbrella species(物种), bringing protection to a
host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.
9. (2021 浙江1 月卷) The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased __________2.1
in women and men.
10. (2020 全国II 卷)Bamboo plants are associated __________ health, abundance and a happy home. They are
easy to care for and make great presents.
