专题19 表语从句
内容导航
01
命题透视·考情前瞻
对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
02
思维建模·脉络梳理
搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
03
考点精讲·靶向突破
拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 表语从句的基本知识
知识解构 知识点1 表语从句的定义 知识点2 可接表语从句的系动词 知识点3 引导词分类
考向破译 考向 考查表语从句的连接词
考点二 考查表语从句连接词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 连接词that 的用法 知识点2 连接词whether 的用法
考向破译
考向01 考查that 在表语从句中的用法 考向02 考查whether 在表语从句中的用法
考点三 考查表语从句连接代词的用法
知识解构 知识点1 what 在表语从句中的用法 知识点2 who/whom 在表语从句的用法 知识点3 whose 在
表语从句的用法 知识点4 which 在表语从句的用法 知识点5 复合连接代词
考向破译
考向01 考查连接代词what 的用法 考向02 考查复合连接代词的用法 考向03 考查连接代词which
和whose 的用法 考向04 考查连接代词who/whom 的用法
考点四 考查连接副词的用法
知识解构 知识点 连接副词when, where, how, why,whenever, however, wherever 等
考向破译
考向 考查表语从句中连接副词的用法
考点五 考查because,as if 和as though 引导的表语从句
知识解构 知识点1 because:引导表语从句 知识点2 as if / as though:意为“好像,似乎”,引导的表语从句
考向破译
考向 考查because,as if 和as though 引导的表语从句
考点六 考查表语从句中“should+动词原形”的用法
知识解构 知识点 主句主语是advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement 等名词时,表语从句的谓语动词常
用“(should)+动词原形”形式
考向破译
考向 考查表语从句中“should+动词原形”
考点七 表语从句的常用句型
知识解构 知识点1 The reason (why/for ...) is that ... 知识点2 It/This/That is because ... 知识点 3 That's
why ...
考向破译
考向 考查表语从句的常用句型
考点八 表语从句中的主谓一致、语序及时态问题
知识解构 知识点1 表语从句的主谓一致 知识点2 表语从句的语序 知识点3 表语从句的时态和语态
考向破译
考向 考查表语从句中的时态
考点九 主语从句的易错点
知识解构 知识点1 that vs whether 知识点2 what vs that 知识点3 whether vs if 知识点4 连接代词 vs 连接
副词
考向破译
考向 考查主语从句中的易错连接词
考点十 主语从句的思维建模
命题透视·考情前瞻
核心考点
2026 年
2025 年
2024 年
主语从句
(2024 新课标I 卷)what
宾语从句
(2024·全国甲卷)what
表语从句
(2024 浙江1 月卷)what
(2024·新高考II 卷)what
同位语从句
(2025 北京卷)what
考情分析
题型与考向:从近三年高考试题来看,试题主要以语法填空的形式命题,题目中
等,以考查学生对基本句法知识和技能的掌握情况,强化语言运用能力和语境理
解。名词性从句更以隐性考查广泛存在于阅读理解长难句和应用文写作中。表语从
句是高考中的轮考点。
语法填空:
有些年份的选材涉及主语从句的相关知识,考生要根据
表语
从句的句法
知识和句子结构分析能力填出正确的连接词。
应用文写作
:
根据文章的提示,在恰当的时候,准确写出表语从句以表达自己的思
想和观点。
读后续写:
准确使用表语从句表达自己的观点和情感。
复习目标
1. 熟悉掌握表语从句的基本用法。
2. 重点掌握
易混易错的连接词:
that
和
whether
,
that
和
what
,
whether
和
if 。
3. 熟悉掌握表语从句的常用句型
。
4. 熟悉表语从句的主谓一致、时态和语序规则。
——对标素养,研判高考命题趋势
04
真题溯源·考向感知
溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
思维建模·脉络梳理
——搭建知识框架,构建系统思维
考点精讲·靶向突破
——拆解核心考点,归纳解题范式
考点一 表语从句的基本知识
知●识●解●构
知识点1 表语从句的定义:在复合句中作表语的从句称为表语从句,它位于主句的系动词之后,
对主语进行解释、说明,使主语的内容具体化。表语从句必须用陈述句语序。
知识点2 可接表语从句的系动词:
①be 动词:am, is, are, was, were 等。
②表象系动词:seem(似乎), appear(显得)。
③持续性动词:stay(保持), remain(仍然是) 。
④感官动词:look(看起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来), smell(闻起来), feel(摸起
来;感觉) 。
⑤变化系动词:get(变得), become(成为), grow(逐渐变得), turn(变成), go(变得,常
指不好的变化) 。
⑥终止系动词:prove(证明是), turn out(结果是) 。
知识点3 引导词分类:
①连接词(不充当从句成分,只起连接作用):that(无含义)、whether(是否,表选择);
②连接代词(在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语):what(……的事情/东西)、who(谁,指人)、
whom(谁,指人,作宾语)、whose(……的,表所属)、which(哪一个,表选择)、whoever(无论
谁)、whatever(无论什么)、whichever(无论哪一个);
③连接副词(在从句中充当状语):when(什么时候)、where(在哪里)、why(为什么)、how(如
何,怎样)、whenever(无论何时)、wherever(无论何地)、however(无论怎样)。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查表语从句的连接词
1.Experts aren’t sure exactly how dreams work, but what is certain is they are necessary for our mental
health and that everyone has dreams.
2.Peter showed me that what matters is you convey your own passion so that you excite other people.
3.He feels so happy that he followed his heart when choosing what to do with his life, even though it may not be
others expected of him.
4.What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease.
考点二 考查表语从句连接词的用法(高考高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 连接词that 的用法
核心功能:无实际含义,只起连接作用,不充当从句任何成分;引导的表语从句语义完整,无需补充信
息。
大多数情况下可省略(区别于主语从句:主语从句句首that 不可省略,表语从句that 可省);
当主句主语为reason(原因)时,表语从句引导词只能用that(易错点:不可用because),构成句式
“The reason is that...”。
例句:My hope is (that) he will pass the exam.(表语从句语义完整,that 可省略)
The reason why he was late is that he missed the bus.(主句主语为reason,表语从句用that,不可用
because)
Her dream is (that) she can become a doctor in the future.(that 无含义,不充当成分,可省略)
知识点2 连接词whether 的用法
核心功能:有实际含义“是否”,起连接作用,不充当从句成分;引导的表语从句语义不完整,存在
“是/否”的选择。
可与or not 连用(whether...or not),or not 可放在whether 之后或从句末尾;
不可与if 互换(易错点:if 不能引导表语从句,无论位置如何,表语从句表“是否”只能用
whether)。
常见搭配:be not sure whether...、be uncertain whether...、depend on whether...。
例句:
The question is whether he will attend the meeting.(表语从句表“是否”,用whether,不可用if)
I am not sure whether he will come or not.(与or not 连用,用whether)
Our success depends on whether we can work together.(依赖于“是否能合作”,用whether)
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查that 在表语从句中的用法
1.What is exciting about the upcoming event is it promises to showcase groundbreaking innovations
and cutting-edge technologies, shaping the future of the industry.
2.The main reason why many students struggle with English writing is __________ they lack regular practice in
organizing ideas and using complex sentences.
考向二 考查whether 在表语从句中的用法
1.What the doctors really doubt is my mother will recover from the serious disease.
2.The biggest challenge we are facing in the environmental protection project is __________ we can reduce
plastic waste by 50% within this semester.
考点三 考查表语从句连接代词的用法(高考高频考点)
知●识●解●构
知识点1 what 在表语从句中的用法
含义:“……的事情”“……的东西”“……的内容”,在从句中常作主语、宾语、表语,指代事物。
What he said is what surprised us most.(前一个what 作主语从句宾语,后一个what 作表语从句主语)
My biggest wish is what I can spend more time with my family.(what 在表语从句中作宾语,指代“能
多陪家人”这件事)
This is what we need to do first.(what 在表语从句中作宾语,指代“我们首先需要做的事情”)
知识点2 who/whom 在表语从句的用法
含义:who“谁”(指人),在从句中作主语;whom“谁”(指人),在从句中作宾语(口语中可被who
替代)。
The person in the photo is who helped me yesterday.(who 在表语从句中作主语)
I don’t know who he is talking to.(who 替代whom,在表语从句中作宾语)
The man you saw just now is whom we are looking for.(whom 在表语从句中作宾语,正式用法)
知识点3 whose 在表语从句的用法
含义:“……的”,表所属关系,在从句中作定语,后接名词,可指代人或物。
The book on the desk is whose it is.(whose 在表语从句中作定语,修饰it,表“谁的”)
I wonder whose pen this is.(whose 在表语从句中作定语,修饰pen,指代“谁的笔”)
The house over there is whose family lives nearby.(whose 指代人,修饰family,表所属)
知识点4 which 在表语从句的用法
含义:“哪一个”,表选择,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,指代人或物(有明确的选择范围)。
The problem is which team we should support.(which 在表语从句中作定语,修饰team,有选择范围)
I can’t decide which one is better.(which 在表语从句中作主语,表“哪一个更好”)
The question is which book we should read first.(which 在表语从句中作宾语,有明确选择范围)
知识点5 复合连接代词(whoever/whatever/whichever)
含义:“无论谁”“无论什么”“无论哪一个”,表让步,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语,语气比普通连
接代词更强。
My advice is whoever breaks the rules should be punished.(whoever 在表语从句中作主语,表“无论
谁”)
Happiness is whatever you do with a positive attitude.(whatever 在表语从句中作宾语,表“无论做什
么”)
The choice is whichever way you think is right.(whichever 在表语从句中作定语,修饰way,表“无论哪
条路”)
考●向●破●译
考向一 考查连接代词what 的用法(高频考点)
1.When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing to consider is you expect to improve: heart and lung
efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility.
3.This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.
3. It is known to us all that China is no longer she used to be.
4.His success in digital field proved it took to be a best CEO.
考向二 考查复合连接代词的用法。
Actually girls can be they want to be just like boys, whether it is a pilot, an astronaut, or a general
manager.
考向三 考查连接代词which 和whose 的用法。
Something else I’d like to know is house was broken into.
考向四 考查连接代词who/whom 的用法。
1.The problem is we can trust to be in charge of such an important project. 3.who/whom
2.The question is will be successful applicants for the summer job at the law firm.
考点四 考查连接副词的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点 连接副词的用法(核心:充当从句状语)
核心功能:既起连接作用,又在表语从句中充当时间、地点、原因、方式状语,需根据从句语义和成分选
择(用法与主语从句基本一致,位置不同)。
1. when/where/why
含义:when“什么时候”(时间状语)、where“在哪里”(地点状语)、why“为什么”(原因状语)。
The problem is when we will start the trip.(when 在表语从句中作时间状语)
This is where we held the party last year.(where 在表语从句中作地点状语)
2. how
含义:“如何,怎样”,在从句中作方式状语,也可表示“多么”(修饰形容词/副词,表程度)。
The key is how we can solve this problem quickly.(how 在表语从句中作方式状语)
I don’t know how fast he can run.(how 修饰fast,表程度,“多么快”)
The question is how we can improve our English in a short time.(how 作方式状语,表“如何提升”)
3. 复合连接副词(whenever/wherever/however)
含义:“无论何时”“无论何地”“无论怎样”,表让步,在从句中作状语。
Home is wherever we feel warm and safe.(wherever 在表语从句中作地点状语)
考●向●破●译
考向 考查表语从句中连接副词的用法
1.It is generally acknowledged that loving your life is the key to happiness lies.
2.If you are addicted to your mobile phone, that’s you should lay it down and be involved in meaningful
activities.
3.They were short of experience. That was
they had to learn from practiced workers.
4.Ten percent of life is what happens to you and ninety percent is you respond to it.
考点五 考查because,as if 和as though 引导的表语从句
知●识●解●构
知识点1 because:引导表语从句,说明前文所述情况的原因,主语通常为 this / that / it(指代
前文提到的事情) 。例如:He was late. That is because he got up late.(他迟到了,那是因为他起
晚了。)注意与 because 引导原因状语从句的区别:表语从句中的 because 强调“前文情况的原因”,
而原因状语从句中的 because 强调“导致主句结果的原因”。如:He didn't come because he was
ill.(原因状语从句,强调生病导致没来) ;He didn't come. That is because he was ill.(表语从句,
强调没来的原因是生病)
知识点2 as if / as though:意为“好像,似乎”,引导的表语从句常跟在 look, seem, sound,
feel 等感官动词后面。当描述与事实相反的假设时,从句用虚拟语气;描述真实情况时用陈述语气。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查because,as if 和as though 引导的表语从句
1.My face was burning; this was I was embarrassed about how untidy the house was.
2.Indoor plants might look as they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the
unsung heroes of the home.
3.It looks as a compromise agreement has now been reached.
4.When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the world
around him.
as if/though 引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look, seem, sound, be, become 等之后。从句陈述的内容如
果有明显根据,很可能发生,就用陈述语气;如果与事实不符,就用虚拟语气(若与现在事实不符,从句就
用一般过去时(be 动词用were);若与过去事实不符,从句用过去完成时)。
Dark clouds are gathering. It looks as if it's going to rain.
乌云密布。看起来好像要下雨了。(有明显根据)
I feel as if I were at home while here.
在这儿我感觉像在自己的家一样。(与现在事实不符)。
考点六 考查表语从句中“should+动词原形”的用法
知●识●解●构
知识点 主句主语是advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement 等名词时,表语从句的
谓语动词常用“(should)+动词原形”形式。
My suggestion is that we (should) have a discussion about this matter instead of just laying it aside.
我的建议就是我们应当讨论一下这个问题,而不是把它放在一边。
The captain’s order was that we (should) start out immediately it got dawn .
船长命令我们(应该)天一亮就出发。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查表语从句中“should+动词原形”
1. My requirement is that you (apologize) to me in public.
2.The suggestion from the student union is that all classes __________ (organize) a volunteer activity to help
the elderly in the nearby community next weekend.
考点七 表语从句的常用句型
知●识●解●构
知识点 1 The reason (why/for ...) is that ... (……的)原因是……
The reason why she feels sad is that you don't trust her.
她感到悲伤的原因是你不信任她。(why 引导定语从句,修饰The reason;表语从句引导词只能用that,不
能用because)
知识点 2 It/This/That is because ... 这/那是因为……
He was sent to the hospital. That's because he was ill.
他被送到医院是因为他生病了。(前果后因)
知识点 3 That's why ... 那就是为什么……
He was ill. That's why he was sent to the hospital.
他病了,那就是他被送到医院的原因。(前因后果)
知识点 4 It seems/appears that...(“似乎……”,表语从句位于系动词后)
知识点 5 be sure/certain that.../be not sure/certain whether...(“确定/不确定是否……”,表
语从句用whether);
考●向●破●译
考向 考查表语从句的常用句型
1. The reason is computers exist for humans, not humans for computers.
2. That is stone walls are used instead of fences around New England.
3. He did not see the film. That is he had to help his little sister with her homework.
4. My question is he likes the city center so much.
考点八 表语从句中的主谓一致、语序及时态问题
知●识●解●构
知识点1 表语从句的主谓一致需根据主句主语和表语从句的具体语境确定。
知识点2 表语从句的语序通常是陈述句语序,即主语在前,谓语动词在中间,其他成分在后。
知识点3 时态和语态:表语从句的时态和语态通常取决于主句的要求。
考●向●破●译
考向 考查表语从句中的时态
1.Dressed up, she looks as if she (be) ten years younger.
2.My suggestion is that we (catch) up with the other classes.
考点 九 主语从句的易错点
知●识●解●构
知识点1 that vs whether(高频考点)
看从句语义:语义完整(无“是否”含义)→ 用that;语义不完整(有“是否”选择)→ 用whether;
看主句主语:主句主语为reason 时,表语从句只能用that,不可用because(易错点);
特殊注意:表语从句中that 可省略,whether 不可省略,且不可用if 替代。
例句对比:
His decision is that he will study abroad.(语义完整,用that,可省略)
His decision is whether he will study abroad.(语义不完整,表“是否”,用whether)
The reason is that he is ill.(正确:主句主语为reason,用that)
The reason is because he is ill.(错误:不可用because,需改为that)
知识点2 what vs that(高频考点)
that:无含义,不充当从句成分,只起连接作用,从句语义完整;
what:有含义(“……的事情/东西”),在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语,从句语义不完整(缺成分)。
例句对比(易错警示):
My wish is that he said at the meeting.(错误:从句缺宾语,that 不能充当宾语)
My wish is what he said at the meeting.(正确:what 在从句中作宾语,指代“他说的话”)
My wish is that he will come soon.(正确:从句“he will come soon”语义完整,that 只起连接作用)
知识点3 whether vs if
表语从句中,只能用whether,不能用if(核心易错点,区别于主语从句“it 作形式主语时可换if”),三
种常见场景均需用whether:
1. 表语从句表“是否”,无论位置如何,均用whether;
2. 表语从句后接or not 时,只能用whether;
3. 表语从句位于介词后(作介词宾语,本质还是表语从句),只能用whether。
例句对比:
The question is whether he will come or not.(正确:表语从句+or not,用whether)
The question is if he will come or not.(错误:表语从句不能用if)
It depends on whether he will agree.(正确:表语从句位于介词on 后,用whether)
知识点4 连接代词 vs 连接副词
解题依据:从句缺主语、宾语、表语、定语 → 用连接代词;从句缺时间、地点、原因、方式状语 → 用
连接副词(与主语从句完全一致)。
例句对比:
The problem is how we will get there.(从句“we will get there”缺方式状语 → 用how,连接副词)
The problem is what we will take there.(从句“we will take there”缺宾语 → 用what,连接代词)
The question is when we will get there.(从句缺时间状语 → 用when,连接副词)
考●向●破●译
考向 考查表语从句中的易错连接词
1. The problem is you can arrive at the airport in time or not.
2. The reason for their failure you know is they are lazy.
3.The reason why you got into a panic (恐慌) was you hadn’t been well prepared for what’s going to
happen.
4.It is generally believed that communication skills are becoming it takes to be a good doctor.
5.Some people whose intention is to make big money appreciate being given any chance to multiply their income,
believing this is their happiness lies.
6.The key to solving the traffic problem near our school is __________ the local government can build a pedestrian
overpass before the new semester starts.
考点十 表语从句的思维建模
思维建模
✅技巧1:判断是否为表语从句:看从句是否位于系动词之后,是否补充说明主语的身份、状态、内容
等;
✅技巧2:分析表语从句成分:看从句中缺少什么成分(主语、宾语、表语、定语 → 连接代词;状语
→ 连接副词;不缺成分 → 连接词that/whether);
✅技巧3:结合句意选择引导词:根据从句语义(是否表“是否”、是否表“无论……”、是否有选择范
围),匹配对应的引导词,同时规避易错点(如reason 后用that、不用if 等)。
1. 主句主语为reason 时,表语从句引导词只能用that,不可用because(高频易错);
2. 表语从句中,whether 不可用if 替代,无论是否接or not、无论是否位于介词后;
3. that 引导表语从句时,大多数情况下可省略,但当表语从句较长、较复杂,或为了强调时,that 不可
省略;
4. what 和that 的区别:what 充当从句成分,that 不充当成分,从句缺成分用what,不缺成分用that;
5. 复合连接代词/副词(whoever/whatever 等)表“无论……”,不可与no matter who/no matter what
混淆(no matter...结构不能引导表语从句);
6. 连接代词whose 后必须接名词,不能单独使用(如:whose is this 错误,应为whose book is
this)。
真题溯源·考向感知
——溯源真题逻辑,感知高考考向
单句填空 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1.(2025 北京卷)The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me,
Nick, and the quiet forest.
2.(2024 浙江1 月卷)If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s _________ they’ll
promote.
3.(2024·新高考II 卷·语法填空) If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________
they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed.
4.(2023 新高考II 卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.
This is 42 they need an English trainer.
5.(2023 新课标II 卷)They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists.
This is _________ they need an English trainer.
6.(2013·安徽·高考真题)From space, the earth looks blue.This is _______about seventy-one percent of its
surface is covered by water.
A.why
B.how
C.because
D.whether
7.(2014·四川·高考真题)Grandma pointed to the hospital and said, "That’s _____________ I was born."
A.when
B.how
C.why
D.where
8.(2014·湖南·高考真题)As John Lennon once said, life is ________ happens to you while you are busy
making other plans.
A.Which
B.that
C.what
D.where