第31 讲 主谓一致
目 录
模拟·基础演练.......................................................................................................................................1
重难·创新演练.......................................................................................................................................5
真题·实战演练.....................................................................................................................................10
模拟·基础演练
考查重点：含有提示词给出动词变形、无提示词判断be 动词两类主谓一致考点，覆盖集
合名词、不定代词、主谓分隔、就近/就远原则、非谓语作主语、时间金钱度量作主语
等……
题型一 用所给词的适当形式填空
考向01：单数可数名词/不可数名词作主语，谓语用单数
1. Water ________ (be) very important to all living things.
2. The book on the desk ________ (belong) to my sister.
考向02：复数可数名词作主语，谓语用复数
1. These flowers ________ (look) beautiful in the sun.
2. My parents ________ (work) in a hospital.
考向03：不定代词everyone/somebody/everything/no one 等作主语，谓语单数
1. Everyone in our class ________ (like) playing basketball.
2. Something ________ (go) wrong with my bike now.
考向04：many a / more than one + 单数名词，谓语单数
1. Many a student ________ (enjoy) watching cartoons.
2. More than one boy ________ (know) the secret.
考向05：集合名词family/class/team，表整体用单数；表内部成员用复数
1. My family ________ (be) a small one with three people.
2. My family ________ (watch) TV together every evening.
考向06：时间、金钱、距离、重量复数名词表整体，谓语单数
1. Ten years ________ (pass) quickly since we met.
2. Five hundred yuan ________ (be) enough for this coat.
考向07：people/police/cattle 本身表复数含义，谓语只用复数
1. The police ________ (search) for the missing child now.
2. People ________ (love) peaceful life all over the world.
考向08：there be 句型，谓语单复数由靠近be 的名词决定
1. There ________ (be) a pen and two books on the table.
2. There ________ (be) two apples and a bottle of juice in the fridge.
考向09：or/either…or/neither…nor/not only…but also 连接主语，就近一致
1. Neither you nor he ________ (have) finished the homework.
2. Not only Lily but also her friends ________ (come) to the party tomorrow.
考向10：with/together with/as well as/besides 连接附加成分，谓语随前面主语
1. Tom together with his friends ________ (play) football every afternoon.
2. The teacher as well as students ________ (visit) the museum next week.
考向11：动名词、不定式、主语从句作主语，谓语一律单数
1. Reading books ________ (open) our eyes to the world.
2. To learn English well ________ (need) lots of practice.
考向12：the number of（……的数量，单数）；a number of（许多，复数）
1. The number of students in our school ________ (reach) 2000.
2. A number of birds ________ (fly) south in winter.
考向13：one and a half + 复数名词，谓语用单数
1. One and a half hours ________ (be) enough for this task.
2. One and a half kilos of meat ________ (cost) twenty yuan.
考向14：分数/百分数 + of + 名词，谓语单复数由of 后的名词决定
1. Three fifths of the water ________ (be) gone.
2. Sixty percent of the workers ________ (come) from villages.
题型二 语法填空
Passage1 （2026·湖南长沙·一模）
Dragon boat racing, a time-honored Dragon Boat Festival custom, ________ 1 ________ (regard) as a
precious intangible cultural heritage in southern China. For hundreds of years, villagers gather along rivers every
May lunar month ________ 2 ________ (hold) exciting boat races. Recently, cultural workers started shooting
documentary videos ________ 3 ________ record the whole process of making dragon boats and race traditions.
Old craftsmen ________ 4 ________ knowledge of wood carving and boat painting is fading with age are invited
to share skills on camera. Many young people used to know little about dragon boat culture, ________ 5 ________
now short documentaries spread on social media help them understand its history. Each boat is decorated with
colorful dragon heads ________ 6 ________ (carve) by hand, symbolizing good luck and unity. Teams from
different villages train together for months before competitions, ________ 7 ________ (strengthen) neighborhood
bonds. Local governments set up digital archives ________ 8 ________ all videos, photos and written records of
dragon boat culture are stored safely. It’s reported that over 500 digital files ________ 9 ________ (collect) so far.
Culture researchers say digital storage stops folk customs from ________ 10 ________ (disappear) as time passes.
题型三 阅读理解
Passage 1（2026·湖南·四模）
Many people believe that morning exercise is the healthiest lifestyle, but recent scientific research has
overturned this traditional cognition. A new study published in a sports medicine journal shows that evening
exercise may bring more significant health benefits, especially for office workers and sub-health groups.
Researchers conducted a one-year tracking experiment on 500 office workers. The participants were divided
into two groups: the morning exercise group (6:00-8:00) and the evening exercise group (18:00-20:00). The results
show that the evening exercise group has better blood sugar regulation ability and higher sleep quality. In addition,
their physical fatigue recovery speed is significantly faster than that of the morning exercise group.
Scientists explain the differences from the perspective of human circadian rhythm. Human body temperature,
muscle strength and hormone levels change regularly within 24 hours. In the evening, human body temperature
reaches the peak of the day, muscles are more flexible, and joint activity is better, which can reduce the risk of
sports injury. Meanwhile, proper exercise in the evening can relieve work pressure and consume excess physical
energy, helping people fall asleep faster.
However, researchers remind that evening exercise is not suitable for everyone. For the elderly and people
with poor cardiovascular health, intense evening exercise may cause physical burden. Besides, exercise should be
avoided within one hour before bedtime, otherwise excessive nerve excitement will lead to insomnia. The best
exercise time varies from person to person, and the most suitable exercise schedule is the one that can be persisted
for a long time.
24. What is the traditional view on exercise time?
A. Evening exercise is more beneficial.
B. Morning exercise is the healthiest.
C. Exercise before bedtime is harmful.
D. Exercise time has no difference.
25. What advantage does evening exercise have?
A. It improves blood sugar control.
B. It cures cardiovascular diseases.
C. It increases body temperature permanently.
D. It reduces daily work pressure fundamentally.
26. Why is evening exercise less likely to cause injuries?
A. People are more energetic in the evening.
B. Body state is optimal in the evening.
C. Evening exercise intensity is lower.
D. People have more exercise experience.
27. What is the author's final opinion?
A. Everyone should stick to evening exercise.
B. Morning exercise is completely useless.
C. Suitable and persistent exercise is the best.
D. Exercise before bedtime should be banned.
Passage 2 七选五（2026
江苏苏州二模）
・
Low-carbon lifestyle has become a new trend in modern high schools. Small daily green acts from students can
together create huge environmental value. 1
First, choose green ways to go to school. Private cars produce massive carbon waste every day. 2 For short trips
within 2 kilometers, walking or cycling not only cuts emissions but also builds up our bodies.
3 Turn off lights, taps and all electric devices when leaving classrooms. Pick reusable tableware instead of
disposable plastic ones. Sort waste strictly so paper, plastic and glass can be recycled again.
Third, spread green ideas to family and friends. Many parents still have wasteful living habits. 4 Share carbon-
reduction knowledge on short-video platforms to influence more people around you.
In short, low-carbon life is never a difficult task full of limits. 5 Small lasting efforts from every teenager will
help realize the school’s carbon neutrality goal.
A. Second, save resources and reduce waste in daily life.
B. There are plenty of easy ways to live a low-carbon school life.
C. Taking buses or shared bikes is a good low-carbon choice for long distances.
D. You can tell them simple low-carbon skills to change their daily habits.
E. It only requires us to keep small eco-friendly habits every day.
F. Low-carbon activities cost students lots of money and time.
G. Few students care about waste of water and electricity at school.
重难·创新演练
设题创新:中医药(T2);AI 与人文底蕴(T3);中国网络文学(T4)；中国文化遗产（广东外销
扇）
学科融合:社会科学(T1)
一 用所给词的适当形式填空
1．【新情境·中医药标准化】（2026·山东潍坊·一模）A complete set of national standards for Chinese herbal
medicines ________ (play) a key role in promoting TCM international trade.
2．【新情境·AI 数字文创】（2026·浙江温州·二模）What attracts global youth to Chinese cultural works
________ (be) the perfect mix of tradition and modern technology.
3．【新情境·月球科研站建设】（2026·四川绵阳·一模）Three months of lunar exploration tasks ________
(provide) valuable data for space scientists every year.
4．【新情境·木构古建非遗】（2026·福建泉州·一模）Neither the old craftsmen nor the young apprentice
________ (know) all the secret wood joint skills of ancient buildings.
5．【新情境·湿地生态保护】（2026·江苏无锡·一模）The group of volunteers that ________ (devote)
themselves to wetland protection ________ (make) a big difference to local biodiversity.
6．【新情境·古籍数字化】（2026·河南洛阳·三模）Not only the librarian but also every researcher ________
(gain) free access to the digital ancient book database.
7．【新情境·双碳低碳产业】（2026·广东佛山·二模）Fifty billion yuan invested in new energy projects
________ (show) China’s determination to reach carbon peaking.
8．【新情境·国风短视频出海】（2026·湖南湘潭·一模）Watching short videos featuring paper-cutting and
embroidery ________ (help) foreigners learn about Chinese folk culture.
9．【新情境·乡村支教振兴】（2026·河北保定·二模）All of the knowledge these teachers pass on ________
(root) in real rural life experience.
10．【新情境·智慧农业大棚】（2026·安徽芜湖·一模）There ________ (be) a smart sensor and dozens of
watering machines in each modern farm greenhouse.
11．【新情境·太极拳海外课堂】（2026·陕西宝鸡·三模）Each of the overseas students ________ (receive) a
hand-made Tai Chi silk uniform as a gift.
12．【新情境·海洋禁渔治理】（2026·山东烟台·二模）The police, together with environmental workers,
________ (check) fishing boats along the coastline every summer.
13．【新情境·红色研学基地】（2026·江西吉安·一模）Few of the young visitors ________ (realize) how
hard the revolutionary ancestors fought for a better life.
14．【新情境·VR 数字博物馆】（2026·湖北宜昌·二模）To fully appreciate ancient relics through VR
technology ________ (require) patience and cultural knowledge.
15．【新情境·沙漠光伏治沙】（2026·宁夏银川·一模）A large amount of solar energy ________ (turn) into
electricity to water desert plants every day.
16．【新情境·潮汕英歌舞非遗】（2026·广东潮州·三模）The team performing Yingge Dance ________
(attract) hundreds of tourists every holiday.
17．【新情境·深空天文观测】（2026·云南曲靖·二模）Many a young astronomer ________ (devote) spare
time to observing distant stars.
18．【新情境·乡村全民阅读】（2026·山西大同·一模）Neither cash nor books ________ (be) enough to
satisfy villagers’ growing demand for cultural resources.
19．【新情境·国货跨境电商】（2026·浙江金华·一模）One third of the handmade Chinese goods online
________ (sell) to Southeast Asian buyers.
20．【新情境·智慧校园心理监测】（2026·北京通州·一模）Everybody in the student service center
________ (pay) close attention to teenagers’ mental health conditions.
二、语法填空
Passage 1 【新情境·大国基建】（2026·浙江杭州·二模）
The cross-sea bridge connecting two coastal cities ________ 1 ________ (put) into service three years ago,
greatly shortening travel time between the two regions. What makes it stand out is its intelligent maintenance
system ________ 2 ________ (control) by AI. Sensors fixed on bridge pillars collect real-time data about wind
speed, water pressure and structural cracks, ________ 3 ________ (send) signals to a central control room 24 hours
a day. Once abnormal data appears, alarms will ring immediately ________ 4 ________ engineers can rush to
check hidden dangers. In the past, workers needed to climb high supports ________ 5 ________ (inspect) bridge
conditions once a week, ________ 6 ________ was both dangerous and time-consuming. Now AI sensors finish
most routine inspections automatically, ________ 7 ________ (reduce) human work by 80%. Besides safety
monitoring, the system also predicts weather risks such as typhoons, ________ 8 ________ allows traffic
departments to take early control measures. Local transport officials point out that smart technology guarantees
________ 9 ________ safe and smooth operation of this huge cross-sea project. Without intelligent equipment,
________ 10 ________ (manage) such a large bridge would cost far more money and manpower.
Passage2 【新情境·文化互通】（2026·福建厦门·一模）
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has gained growing popularity overseas, ________ 1 ________ (large) thanks
to standardized online courses and cross-border exchange programs. Many foreign medical colleges open TCM
courses, ________ 2 ________ students learn basic acupuncture and herbal therapy from Chinese experts online.
Unlike early simple lectures, modern courses combine theory ________ 3 ________ real-time live operation
demonstrations. Before digital teaching became popular, overseas learners could only study TCM ________ 4
________ visiting China in person, which cost plenty of time and money. Now live streaming technology makes
professional training ________ 5 ________ (access) to people living thousands of miles away. TCM practitioners
abroad often organize free experience activities in local communities, ________ 6 ________ (show) locals simple
massage and health-preserving methods. Some overseas clinics ________ 7 ________ (set) up in European and
Southeast Asian cities in the past five years. Experts say TCM is not only a medical method but also a carrier
________ 8 ________ Chinese traditional philosophy. When foreigners feel the practical effects of TCM
treatments, they become more willing ________ 9 ________ (explore) Chinese culture deeply. It is expected
________ 10 ________ more international TCM cooperation centers will be built in the near future.
题型三 阅读理解
Passage 10【新考法·生活思辨·习惯认知重构】（2026·安徽·二模）
Many people insist that multitasking can improve work efficiency. They are used to replying to messages
while working, listening to podcasts while studying, and handling multiple things at the same time. This behavior is
regarded as a sign of efficient time management. However, brain science research shows that human brains cannot
truly multitask. What we call multitasking is actually rapid task switching.
Every time the brain switches between different tasks, it needs to consume extra mental energy and time to
refocus attention. Frequent task switching will disperse attention, reduce work accuracy and slow down work
speed. Experiments show that people who often multitask have 30% lower work efficiency than those who focus on
single tasks. Moreover, long-term multitasking will weaken people's sustained attention ability, making it difficult
to concentrate on complex work for a long time.
Single-task focusing is the core of efficient work. Focusing on one thing at a time allows the brain to enter a
concentrated working state, which can greatly improve work quality and efficiency. Psychologists put forward the
"single-task principle": in daily study and work, divide tasks reasonably and complete them one by one, avoid
unnecessary task switching and information interference.
In the era of fragmented information, maintaining single-task focus has become a rare ability. It is not a waste
of time to focus on one thing, but the most efficient way to use time. Abandoning blind multitasking and cultivating
focused thinking can help people get rid of inefficient busyness and achieve real self-improvement.
28. What do people usually think of multitasking?
A. It consumes too much mental energy.
B. It is an efficient working method.
C. It reduces work accuracy greatly.
D. It harms people's attention.
29. What is real multitasking according to brain science?
A. Handling several tasks truly at the same time.
B. Rapid switching between different tasks.
C. Finishing tasks one by one steadily.
D. Focusing on a single task for a long time.
30. What is the disadvantage of frequent task switching?
A. It leads to lower work efficiency.
B. It makes tasks more difficult.
C. It increases people's spare time.
D. It improves brain reaction speed.
31. What does the text advise people to do?
A. Learn to do multitasking skillfully.
B. Make full use of fragmented time.
C. Stick to single-task focusing.
D. Finish all tasks as quickly as possible.
题型四 完形填空【新情境·科技科普·绿色低碳生活】（2026·浙江·四模）
Low-carbon life is no longer a slogan, but a mainstream lifestyle deeply rooted in people’s daily life. With the
worsening of global warming, 36 environmental protection has become the common 37 of all mankind. Ordinary
individuals can also make great contributions to carbon 38 through small daily changes.
Many people think only industrial reforms can 39 carbon emissions. In fact, personal behaviors play a(n) 40 role in
environmental protection. Choosing public transport instead of private cars, 41 disposable products, saving water
and electricity, and recycling waste can all 42 daily carbon output.
Nowadays, more young people are 43 low-carbon lifestyles. They prefer second-hand goods rental, shared
consumption and green travel. These trendy lifestyles are not only 44 but also fashionable, breaking the
misunderstanding that low-carbon life is 45 and restrictive.
Small changes can 46 huge results. Individual low-carbon behaviors will gradually form a joint 47 , promoting
social green transformation. Low-carbon life does not 48 sacrifice life quality. On the contrary, it helps people form
healthy living 49 and create a more sustainable and beautiful living 50 .
36. A. artificial B. green C. ancient D. private
37. A. responsibility B. tradition C. hobby D. dream
38. A. increase B. emission C. neutrality D. supply
39. A. cut B. add C. keep D. monitor
40. A. minor B. useless C. key D. simple
41. A. using B. avoiding C. producing D. purchasing
42. A. calculate B. raise C. reduce D. ignore
43. A. adopting B. refusing C. fearing D. doubting
44. A. costly B. eco-friendly C. time-wasting D. troublesome
45. A. comfortable B. flexible C. boring D. convenient
46. A. lead to B. result from C. suffer from D. recover from
47. A. adventure B. force C. complaint D. competition
48. A. require B. forbid C. allow D. cancel
49. A. habits B. schedules C. systems D. rules
50. A. memory B. atmosphere C. income D. accident
题型五 七选五【新情境
中医海外传播】
・
（2026
山东济宁一模）
・
Online TCM courses have greatly helped traditional Chinese Medicine spread around the world. 1
First, digital live streaming breaks geographic barriers. Years ago, overseas learners had to travel to China to learn
acupuncture and herbal therapy. 2 They can watch real-time operation demonstrations given by Chinese
professional doctors at home.
3 Teachers design bilingual course materials with simple pictures to simplify complex TCM theories. In the
past, professional TCM knowledge was too abstract for foreign beginners to understand. Now visualized teaching
makes cross-cultural learning much easier.
Another major advantage is low learning cost. Offline overseas TCM training charges high fees, while online
open courses are mostly free or low-cost. 4
In addition, online interactive platforms allow global TCM lovers to communicate with each other. They share
learning experiences and discuss practical treatment cases. 5 With continuous online communication and
learning, TCM is gaining wider recognition globally.
A. Second, visualized teaching lowers learning difficulty.
B. This makes professional TCM education accessible to more foreign learners.
C. It has many irreplaceable advantages over traditional offline teaching.
D. They can also ask professional teachers questions through live chat.
E. But now learners no longer need to take long-distance trips.
F. TCM has a history of thousands of years in China.
G. Foreign students show little interest in traditional medicine.
真题·实战演练
高频考点：三大核心原则：语法一致、意义一致、就近 / 就远一致。
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1.（2026
浙江
・
1 月首考
语法填空）
・
The number of young people who love traditional paper-cutting ______
(grow) rapidly in recent years.
2.（2026
北京卷
语法填空）
・
・
Reading classic literary works together with sharing feelings ______ (offer) us a
chance to understand different cultures.
3.（2025
新课标 Ⅰ 卷
语法填空）
・
・
Neither the guide nor the local villagers ______ (know) where the ancient
hidden path lies.
4.（2025
全国乙卷
语法填空）
・
・
My family ______ (be) all fond of outdoor camping when the weather is
warm.
5.（2025
新课标 Ⅱ 卷
语法填空）
・
・
There ______ (be) a handwritten letter and three old photos on the
wooden desk.
6.（2024
全国甲卷
语法填空）
・
・
Fifty kilometers ______ (seem) a long walk for the elderly hikers.
7.（2024
浙江
・
1 月首考
语法填空）
・
A great number of volunteers ______ (take) part in the river-cleaning
activity every weekend.
8.（2024
新课标 Ⅰ 卷
语法填空）
・
・
What we learn from daily life ______ (shape) our values and world views
little by little.
9.（2024
全国乙卷
语法填空）
・
・
Every student except Tom and Jack ______ (receive) a handmade bookmark
from the teacher yesterday.
10.（2024
北京卷
语法填空）
・
・
The team ______ (win) the national competition last month, and its members
are celebrating now.
