第22 讲 表语从句
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01 考查连接代词
考向02 考查连接副词
考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if
考向04 考查表语从句中的虚拟语气
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查连接代词
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1.（2025·湖北荆州·模拟试题） That’s a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out this
semester.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中
缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what 引导。故填what。
2.（2025·江苏·模拟预测）That’s ____
inspired the design of Al Bahar Towers, a 25-story building wrapped in
more than 1,000 hexagonal ( 六边形的) shades with built-in sensors that allow them to respond to the sun’s
movements.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是Al Bahar Towers 的设计灵感，这是一座25 层的建筑，被1000 多个
六边形阴影包裹着，内置传感器使其能够对太阳的运动做出反应。此处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中
缺主语，由句意知，应用连接代词what 引导，表“什么”。故填what。
3. He studied hard and later became a well-known physician, which was his father had expected.
【答案】what
【解析】考查连接代词。句意：他刻苦学习，后来成为了一名著名的医生，这正是他父亲所期望的。空格
后的部分是表语从句，从句中缺少宾语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以用连接代词what 引导从句。故填
what。
4．An explosive mixture of gun-powder and chemical compounds (化合物) is makes fireworks flash
in pretty colours and fun shapes.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：一种由火药和化合物混合而成的爆炸性物质，是使得烟花能够呈现出绚丽
多彩的色彩和有趣的形状的物质。空处引导表语从句，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以应用连接代词what
引导。故填what。
5. The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company.
【答案】who
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁会成为这家著名公司这份工作的幸运儿。空处引导表语从句，从
句中缺少主语，且指代“人”，表示“谁”，应用连接代词who。故填who。
6. Something else I’d like to know is house was broken into.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：我还想知道谁的房子被破门而入了。分析句子可知，句子为表语从句，空
格处单词引导从句，从句中缺少定语，表示“谁的”，故应用“whose”引导从句。故填whose。
7．When Nick runs ahead, I hear him barking excitedly. I sometimes call him back, worried that he might have
someone scared (scare). The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just
me, Nick, and the quiet forest.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：当尼克跑到前面时，我能听到它兴奋地叫着。我有时会把它叫回来，担心
它可能会吓到别人。然而，事实正如人们所能猜到的那样——这里从来就没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这
片寂静的森林。is 后为表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用what“……的事情”引导。故填what。
8．The truth, though, is could be guessed — there’s never anyone else here. Just me, Nick, and the
quiet forest.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：然而，事实是可以猜到的 —— 这里从来没有其他人。只有我、尼克和这
片寂静的森林。分析句子可知，“is”后接表语从句，从句中缺少主语，指物，用连接代词what 引导，
what 在从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”。故填what。
9．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble.
【答案】who/whom
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从
句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。
10．He is is known as a Jack of all trades — he seems to know everything, but in fact master of none.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他就是个所谓的万事通 —— 似乎什么都知道，但实际上什么都不精通。
此处为表语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，应用what 来引导，指代“……的人/事物”。故填what。
11．Knowing that the kids now have money for school is keeps me going and gives me more energy.
【答案】what
【解析】考查连接代词。句意：知道孩子们现在有钱上学是我继续前进的动力，给了我更多的精力。
keeps me going 是表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，所以应该用连接代词what 引导
从句。故填what。
12．The problem is method we should adopt to solve this complex problem.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：问题是我们应该采用什么方法来解决这个复杂的问题。分析句子结构可
知，“is”后是表语从句，从句缺少定语，修饰名词method，表示“什么”，故用连接代词what 引导。故
填what。
考向02 考查连接副词
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1.（2025·湖北荆州·阶段练习）You cannot judge a book by looking at its cover, and neither can you judge a good
class teacher by looking at her degree. That’s a group of parents and students in Hangzhou has found out
this semester.
【答案】what
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是杭州一群家长和学生本学期所发现的。空处引导表语从句，从句中
缺少宾语，且指代的是“家长和学生们本学期所发现的事情”，因此用连接代词what 引导。故填what。
2.（2025·山东·模拟预测）That’s each Spring Festival, millions of people from across the country
embark on the journey home,making the phenomenon the greatest human migration on Earth.
【答案】why
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么每年春节，数百万人从全国各地踏上回家的旅程，使这种现
象成为地球上最大规模的人类迁徙。此处引导表语从句，从句缺少原因状语，应用连接副词why“为什
么”。故填why。
3.Jane attends Opportunities Academy, a programme for young adults with disabilities. This was really
they learned about how to care about others.
【答案】where
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：简参加了Opportunities Academy，这是一所专为有残疾的年轻成年人设立
的项目。正是在这里，他们才真正学会了如何关心他人。was 后是表语从句，结合前文Jane attends
Opportunities Academy 可知，设空处所在句表达“这是他们学习如何关心他人的地方”，从句中缺少地点
状语，故填where。
4．What took the dog a single weekend to learn is it can sit on the back of the bike in a dog carrier to
travel the world.
【答案】how
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：这只狗只用了一个周末就学会的是，它可以如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里
环游世界。is 后为表语从句，结合语意，此处表示的是狗学会如何坐在自行车后座的狗笼里环游世界，所
以空处应用how 引导表语从句。故填how。
5.
is most extraordinary about these complex structures is they were built without the use
of wheels, metal tools or even animal power.
【答案】 What how
【解析】考查主语从句和表语从句。句意：这些复杂的建筑最不寻常之处在于它们是如何在没有使用轮
子、金属工具甚至动物动力的情况下建造的。第一空引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指物，故用what，首
字母大写；第二空引导表语从句，从句缺少方式状语，用how 引导，意为“如何”。故填①What；
②how。
6. The funniest moment was someone watching the race offered me a banana — a real treat for
running gorilla!
【答案】when
【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：最有趣的时刻是有人在观看比赛时给了我一根香蕉——对跑步的大
猩猩来说真是一种享受！此处引导表语从句，连接词在从句中作时间状语，应用连接副词when 引导。故
填when。
7．The essence of good leadership is you inspire and motivate your team to achieve their goals.
【答案】how
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：优秀领导的本质在于你如何激励和鼓舞团队实现他们的目标。空处引导表
语从句，表示如何激励和鼓舞团队，在从句中作方式状语，应用连接副词how 引导从句。故填how。
7. I love reading books because they can expand my knowledge. That’s I always carry a book with me.
【答案】why
【解析】考查连接副词。句意：我喜欢读书，因为它们能扩展我的知识。这就是我总是随身带一本书的原
因。空格处引导表语从句，且意义为“为什么”，应该用连接副词why；that’s why…为固定句式，意为
“这就是为什么……”。故填why。
9．He is addicted to computer games, and that is he has to drop out of school.
【答案】why
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他沉迷于电脑游戏，这就是他不得不辍学的原因。分析句子结构可知，此
处为连接词引导的表语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，根据句意，前文“He is addicted to
computer games”是“he has to drop out of school”的原因，因此应用连接副词“why”引导表语从句，强调结
果背后的原因。故填why。
4．Blackpool was I got my first taste of the world of entertainment.
【答案】where
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：布莱克浦是我第一次体验娱乐世界的地方。“I got my first taste of the
world of entertainment”是表语从句，从句中不缺少主语和宾语，缺少地点状语，表示“在那里”，应用连
接副词where 引导表语从句。故填where。
考向03 考查连接词that, whether, if
在空白处填入适当的单词。
1．An important difference between China and many other ancient cultures is many Chinese artists
were not professionals but amateurs who were also scholars.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：中国与许多其他古老文化的一个重要区别在于：许多中国艺术家并非职业
人士，而是业余爱好者，同时他们还是学者。空处引导表语从句，从句在语义和成分上均完整，故应用连
接词 that 引导。故填that。
2．Whatever the resulting book’s provenance (来源), millions of people read it. One of the mysteries of its wild
success is so many readers could tolerate the book’s excess of adjectives, punctuation, profanity (粗俗
的语言), and slang.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句引导词。句意：无论这本最终成书的来源如何，数百万人都读过它。它大获成功的
谜团之一是，如此多的读者能够忍受书中过多的形容词、标点、粗俗语言和俚语。分析句子结构可知，
“is”后为表语从句，从句“so many readers could tolerate...slang”结构完整，不缺少成分，应用连词 that 引
导表语从句，that 在从句中无实际意义，仅起连接作用。故答案为 that。
3．Adebowale said hospitals and GP surgeries would struggle to cope in the extreme heat. “The fact is
we have crumbling buildings. We’ve had ten years of austerity in which hospitals have not been invested in, in
terms of capital buildings,” he said.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：阿德博瓦莱说，医院和全科医生诊所难以应付极端高温。“事实是，我们
的建筑摇摇欲坠。我们经历了十年的财政紧缩，在资本性建筑方面，医院没有得到投资。”他说。此空考
查that 引导的表语从句，that 在从句中不作成分，但不能省略。故填that。
4．He keeps yawning in class this morning. That is he stayed up late doing his homework last
night.
【答案】because
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：今天上午在课堂上他一直在打哈欠。那是因为他昨天晚上写家庭作业熬夜
到很晚。根据句意并分析句子结构可知，is 是系动词，后面接表语从句，应用because 引导该从句解释原
因，故填because。
5．What I love best about Sichuan hot pots is they offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：关于四川火锅，我最喜欢的是它们提供了一个与朋友社交的好机会。
“What I love best about Sichuan hot pots”是主语从句，is 是系动词，其后接表语从句。在表语从句“they
offer a great opportunity to socialize with friends”中，句子结构完整，不缺少任何成分，语义也完整，这种情
况下需要用that 引导表语从句，that 在从句中不充当任何成分，无实际意义，只起连接作用。故填that。
6．You should send handwritten letters. It is these letters have surprising benefits for helping your
health and enriching your relationships.
【答案】because
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：你应该寄手写的信。这是因为这些信件在有益健康和增进人际关系方面有
着惊人的好处。空处引导表语从句，解释说明前文“You should send handwritten letters”的原因，应用连接
词because“因为”。故填because。
7．When George got absorbed in his world of music, he felt as he could “see” the beauty of the
world around him.
【答案】if/though
【解析】考查连词短语。句意：当乔治沉浸在他的音乐世界中时，他觉得仿佛能“看到”周围世界的美
好。as if 和as though 都有“仿佛，好像”的意思，引导表语从句。故填if/though。
8．He didn’t attend the meeting and this was he got injured on his way.
【答案】because
【解析】考查表语从句连接词。句意：他没有参加会议，这是因为他在路上受伤了。设空处引导表语从
句，阐述原因，表示“因为”，连接词用because。故填because。
9．The reason why Apple holds the largest market share in overseas smartphone industry is it stills
maintains technological advances.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：苹果公司之所以能在海外智能手机行业占据最大的市场份额，是因为它仍
然保持着技术上的领先。分析句子，该空需要一个连接词引导表语从句，解释reason 的具体内容，从句是
一个陈述句，成分完整，应填that；名词reason 作主语时，其表语从句使用that 引导，The reason....is
that....句型。故填that。
10．And the reason they got so much stronger and fitter was their hearts could now fill a lot better and
pump (泵送) a lot more blood during exercise.
【答案】that
【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他们变得如此强壮和健康的原因是他们的心脏现在可以更好地充血，在运
动中泵出更多的血液。引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分和句意，故用that。故填that。
题型一 表语从句汉译英
把下列汉语句子翻译成英语。
1．那就是他为我们班级获得奖牌的方式。(how) (汉译英)
2．我们打败了对手，那是因为我们的团队有一个好教练。( because) (汉译英)
3．问题是我们是否需要更多的投资来继续这个项目。（whether）（汉译英）
4．你的雨伞就在你刚才放的地方。(where) (汉译英)
5．我钦佩他的原因是他积极的人生态度对我影响很大。(汉译英)
6．要记住的一件事是，早晨的阳光很重要，它告诉你的大脑是时候醒来了。（keep）(汉译英)
7．被称作购物者天堂是这座旅游城市的吸引力之一。(refer) (汉译英)
8．她成为一名优秀教师的原因是她对学生充满耐心。(汉译英)
9．令我担心的事情是，我们的航班由于恶劣的天气被延误。（what upset me 引导主语从句）（汉译英）
10．重要的是勤能补拙。（What, lack）(汉译英)
题型二 表语从句英译汉
把下列英语句子翻译成汉语。
1．This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. (英译
汉)
2．One of the key reasons behind this is that while a book usually takes a few days to read, a movie typically lasts
under two hours. (英译汉)
3．The reason why he was late is that his bike broke down. (英译汉)
4．However, my opinion is that students need to get used to tough comments when they don’t do good work. (英
译汉)
5．The highest form of ignorance is when you reject something you don’t know anything about（英译汉）
6．The reason why many people compose poems is that they love life. (英译汉)
7．That’s where satellite tracking comes in. (英译汉)
8．This is why we’re here — to observe Tibetan antelopes. (英译汉)
9．That is why it is so important to brush your teeth twice every day. (英译汉)
10．That’s why we haven’t noticed that sugar can be compared with illegal substances. (英译汉)
1．（2010·江苏·高考真题）—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.
—That’s ______ I don’t agree. You should have a more active life.
A．where
B．how
C．when
D．what
2．（2021·天津·高考真题）It seemed that I had become ________ my parents had wanted me to be.
A．when
B．where
C．what
D．whether
3．（2021·天津·高考真题）What puzzles Lily’s friends is ________ she always has so many crazy ideas.
A．whether
B．why
C．what
D．when
4．（2018·天津·高考真题）He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father
had expected.
A．why
B．how
C．that
D．what
5．（2014·江苏·高考真题）—What a mess! You are always so lazy!
—I’m not to blame, mum. I am ________ you have made me.
A．how
B．what
C．that
D．who
6．（2018·江苏·高考真题）By boat is the only way to get here, which is _______ we arrived.
A．where
B．when
C．why
D．how
7．（2018·北京·高考真题）This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for
the best.
A．how
B．which
C．that
D．what
8．（2018·北京·高考真题）Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.
A．how
B．when
C．where
D．why
9．（2010·上海·高考真题）One reason for her preference for city life is ___________ she can have easy access
to places like shops and restaurants.
A．that
B．how
C．what
D．why
10．（2008·天津·高考真题）The last time we had great fun was __________ we were visiting the Water Park.
A．where
B．how
C．when
D．why
11．（2016·北京·高考真题）The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is _____________ one can be entirely
free from dust.
A．what
B．that
C．whether
D．why
12．（2015·安徽·高考真题）A ship in harbor is safe, but that’s not _____________ ships are built for.
A．what
B．whom
C．why
D．when
13．（2014·浙江·高考真题）“Every time you eat a sweet, drink green tea.” This is _____ my mother used to
tell me.
A．what
B．how
C．that
D．whether
