第16 讲 被动语态
目录
01 课标达标练
考向01 考查被动语态的基本用法
考向02 考查语态的特殊用法
02 核心突破练
03 真题溯源练
考向01 考查被动语态的基本用法
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1.（2025 年安徽合肥模拟试题） Face with the challenge of balancing conservation and tourism, Fan found it
important to find a solution. She _________ (convince) that the caves’ social importance far outweighed their
economic potential and that scientific protection was the key to their survival.
【答案】was convinced
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：她深信这些石窟的社会重要性远远超过其经济潜力，并且科学保护是其
生存的关键。根据句意及上下文时态可知，此处应用一般过去时，与主语She 为被动关系，be 动词用过去
式was。故填was convinced。
2.（2025 年福建莆田模拟试题） It _________ (show) the world that hydrogen energy has great potential in
various fields, and with continuous technological advancements, it could play a significant role in the future energy
mix, contributing to a more sustainable world.
【答案】 showed
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：它向世界表明，氢能在各个领域都有巨大的潜力，随着技术的不断进步，
它可能在未来的能源结构中发挥重要作用，为更可持续的世界做出贡献。空处为主句谓语动词，句子讲述
的是北京冬奥会的事情，是过去发生的，所以用一般过去时，动词show 的过去式是showed。故填
showed。
3.（2025 年福建期末试题）The young man later returned to Hangzhou as a high-ranking official, avenged (报仇)
his brother’s murder and sought out his sister-in-law. Since then, the dish______ (hand) down from generation
to generation.
【答案】 has been handed
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：从此，这道菜便一代一代地流传了下来。句中since then 为现在完成
时时间标志，同时dish 与hand 之间是被动关系，故使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数名词，助动
词用has。故填has been handed。
4.（2025 年福建福州期末试题）Her fantasy story (set) around a modern-day female office worker
who struggles against fate after being dragged into a world where monsters and kung fu coexist.
【答案】is set
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：她的奇幻故事讲述了一个现代女性办公室职员在被拖入一个怪物和功夫并
存的世界后与命运抗争的故事。主语story 与谓语构成被动关系，且陈述事实用一般现在时的被动语态，
谓语用单数。故填is set。
5.（2025 年广东广州模拟试题）It was not all plain sailing and there were many difficulties Lucy met, including
arranging visas to enter some countries. But the challenges (outweigh) by the memorable experiences
on her way.
【答案】were outweighed
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：但她旅途中难忘的经历压倒了挑战。本句陈述过去事情，用一
般过去时。主语challenges 与outweigh 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态，注意主谓一致。故填were
outweighed。
6.（2025 年全国模拟试题）His story, which (view) more than 19 million times up till now, has gone
viral (在网上快速传播的) on social media platform Sina Weibo and he wins admiration from its users for his
courage, determination and hard work.
【答案】has been viewed
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，他的故事已经在社交媒体平台新浪微博上传播了超过1900
万次，他的勇气、决心和努力赢得了用户的赞赏。该空为非限制性定语从句谓语部分，分析句子结构和意
思可知，由时间状语up till now 可判断，从句谓语应为现在完成时，且从句主语which 指代先行词his story
与从句谓语动词view 之间是动宾关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been
viewed。
7. （2025 年福建福州模拟试题）By the end of 2023, a green barrier of about 2,761 kilometers
(establish) around the desert.
【答案】had been established
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：到2023 年底，在沙漠周围建立了约2761 公里的绿色屏障。根据时间状语
By the end of 2023 可知，时态应用过去完成时，主语a green barrier 与动词establish“建立”构成被动关系，
用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been established。
8.（2025 年重庆沙坪坝模拟试题）Tai chi, an ancient Chinese martial art, _________ (celebrate) worldwide for
its lasting popularity, despite the fact that formal statistics on the number of practitioners are absent.
【答案】is celebrated/has been celebrated
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：太极拳，一种古老的中国武术，因其经久不衰的人气而享誉全球，尽管没
有关于练习者数量的正式统计数据。主语与谓语构成被动关系，此处可理解为太极拳目前普遍被全世界庆
祝用一般现在时的被动语态，或理解为太极拳从过去到现在一直被庆祝，可能对现在有影响，用现在完成
时的被动语态，谓语用单数，助动词用has。故填is celebrated/has been celebrated。
9.（2025 年福建莆田期末试题）Duli Town _________ (locate) in the semi-mountainous hilly area of the
western part of Xianyou County, with an area of 113 square kilometers.
【答案】is located
【解析】考查动词语态。句意：度尾镇位于仙游县西部半山地丘陵地带，面积113 平方公里。句子讲述客
观事实，应用一般现在时，locate 与主语Duli Town 之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语
为第三人称单数，be 动词使用is。故填is located。
10.（2025 年湖南长沙模拟试题）In the Qing Dynasty, sugar painting gained more popularity. The production
techniques (upgrade) and the patterns became more various, most of which stood for good luck
such as the fish, dragon and monkey.
【答案】were upgraded
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：生产技术得到了升级，图案变得更加多样，其中大多数代表
着好运，如鱼、龙和猴。根据“the patterns became more various”可知，此处应用一般过去时。动词upgrade
意为“升级”，和主语构成被动关系。主语techniques 为复数形式。故填were upgraded。
11.（2025 年福建福州模拟试题）As soon as the weather gets cold in northern China, you’ll see a lot of vendors
selling a delicious traditional delicacy—Bing Tang Hu Lu, or Tanghulu in short. This snack, which originated in
Beijing and Tianjin, traditionally (consist) of hawthorn fruit coated in hard candy and skewered (串住)
on a bamboo stick.
【答案】consists
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这种小吃起源于北京和天津，传统上是由山楂果裹上硬糖并串
在竹签上制成的。consist of 是句中谓语，意为“由……组成”，与主语This snack 之间是主动关系， 描述
客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是单数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。故填consists。
12.（2025 年重庆模拟试题）“These pieces aren’t going to recall a certain day and age,” he says. “In 10, 15, 20
years from now, these pieces (be) timelessly in fashion.”
【答案】will be
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：“10 年、15 年、20 年后，这些家具将永远流行。”根据上文In 10, 15, 20
years from now 可知为一般将来时。故填will be。
13.（2025 年浙江绍兴模拟试题）Even though the characters can (pronounce) in completely different
ways depending on the dialect one speaks, the language on paper is understandable between people of different
regions.
【答案】be pronounced
【解析】考查语态。句意：虽然根据方言的不同，这些字的发音可能完全不同，但纸上的语言在不同地区
的人之间是可以理解的。空格处是谓语动词，动词pronounce 与主语the characters 之间是被动关系，所以
用被动语态；由空格前的can 可知，空格处用动词原形。故填be pronounced。
14.（2025 年山西模拟试题）The International Agricultural Research Conference (hold) for six
consecutive(连续的)years since 2017.
【答案】has been held
【解析】考查现在完成时，被动语态。句意：国际农业研究大会自2017 年起已连续举办6 届。根据句中时
间状语“since 2017（自从2017 年）”可知，此处表达动作自2017 年一直持续大现在，且主语“The
International Agricultural Research Conference（际农业研究大会）”与hold 是被动关系，因此需要使用现在
完成时的被动语态，故填has been held。
15.（2025 年浙江模拟试题） It also _________(feature) activities planned by elders and festive public events
organized by communities.
【答案】features
【解析】考查一般现在时及主谓一致。句意：它还包含了由长辈策划的活动以及由社区组织的节日公共活
动。句子主语“It”指代“the Spring Festival”，是第三人称单数，且句子描述的是一般事实，用一般现在
时，所以谓语动词feature 用第三人称单数形式features。故填features。
16.（2025 年云南模拟试题）The first recorded use of “brain rot” _________ (find) in 1854 in Henry David
Thoreau’s book Walden, which reports his experiences of living a simple lifestyle in the natural world.
【答案】was found
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：“brain rot”的首次有记录使用是在1854 年亨利·戴维·梭罗的
《瓦尔登湖》一书中被发现的，该书记录了他在自然世界中过简单生活的经历。find(发现)是主句谓语动
词，与主语The first recorded use 之间是被动关系，根据时间状语“in 1854”可知，讲述过去的事情，用一
般过去时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，谓语用单数形式。故填was found。
17.（2025 年湖南长沙模拟试题）This sense of pride (base) on rational thinking,” said professor
SuJunbin of Xiamen University.
【答案】is based
【解析】考查短语和时态。句意：“这种自豪感是基于理性思考，”厦门大学教授苏俊斌说。be based on
以……为基础，陈述的是客观事实，用一般现在时，主语是单数，故填is based。
18.（2025 年湖南长沙模拟试题）During this year’s Spring Festival holiday, movie theaters _________ (pack)
with large audiences, and home appliance stores saw customers lining up in significant numbers.
【答案】were packed
【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：今年春节假期，电影院挤满了大批观众，家电店的顾客也排
起了长队。根据时间状语During this year’s Spring Festival holiday 可知，动作发生在过去，且主语movie
theaters 与动词pack 之间是被动关系，因此用一般过去时的被动语态，主语movie theaters 是复数，be 动词
使用were。故填were packed。
19.（2025 年安徽·阶段练习）Tofu — rich in calcium, protein, and a variety of minerals — remained largely
unknown in Western diets until the 1960s. In fact, it originated in China and (enjoy) for over 2,000
years.
【答案】has been enjoyed
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：事实上，它起源于中国，已经有2000 多年的历史了。主语it 与谓
语构成被动关系，根据后文for over 2,000 years 可知为现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has
been enjoyed。
（2025 高三·上海·专题练习）The discovery has caused huge excitement among historians, as it provides firm
evidence about a ruler whose life (shadow), in spite of official records, by rumours (谣言) concerning
his cold blood since his death at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485.
【答案】has been shadowed
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：这一发现在历史学家中引起了极大的兴奋，因为它提供了一个确凿的证
据，证明一个统治者的生活一直被关于他自1485 年在博斯沃思战役中死亡以来冷血无情的谣言所掩盖，
尽管有官方记录。分析可知，所填动词应是定语从句“whose life __________ (shadow), in spite of official
records, by rumours concerning his cold blood since his death at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485”中的谓语动词，
结合时间状语“since his death at the Battle of Bosworth in 1485”可知，应是现在完成时，且从句谓语动词
“shadow (在……上投下或覆盖阴影)”与主语“whose life”之间为被动关系，应是现在完成时的被动结构：
have/has been done，且从句主语“whose life”为单数，从句谓语单数形式。故填has been shadowed。
考向02 考查语态的特殊用法
在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
1．Some social app companies were (blame) because they organized photo trips to attract more
youngsters.
【答案】to blame
【解析】考查不定式 。句意：一些社交应用公司应受到谴责，因为他们组织拍照旅行来吸引更多的年轻
人。be to blame“应该受到责备”，主动表达被动。故填to blame。
2．This sort of roast meat is a local super food and it （taste）delicious.
【答案】tastes
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：这种烤肉是当地的超级食物，它尝起来很美味。分析句子可知，taste 是谓
语动词，由上文的is 可知，用一般现在时，主语it 是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数，且taste 是系动词，
无被动式，故填tastes。
3．We suggest the data need (update) every month.
【答案】to be updated/updating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们建议数据需要每月更新。结合句意可知，data 和update 是被动关
系，所以应用need to be done 形式，即to be updated，表示“需要被更新”；也可以用need doing，主动表
被动，所以也可以用updating，表示“需要更新”。故填to be updated/updating。
4．With so many key files (delete), he had to speed up his action in case of being discovered.
【答案】to delete
【解析】考查with 复合结构。句意：由于许多关键文件被删除，他不得不加快行动以防被发现。此处考
查with 复合结构作状语，delete 作宾语补足语，根据“ he had to speed up his action in case of being
discovered”可推断，delete 这一动作是将来要发生的动作，用不定式，delete 与files 是被动关系，在with 复
合结构中不定式作宾语补足语用主动形式表示被动，故填to delete。
5．Although people have made great progress in science and technology, the deep and mysterious ocean is still
difficult (explore).
【答案】to explore
【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：尽管人们在科学技术上取得了很大的进步，但深邃而神秘的海洋仍然难
以探索。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语be difficult to do“做某事是困难的”，所以此处为动词不定式形
式。故填to explore。
6．I would rather (laugh at) than quarrel with him.
【答案】be laughed at
【解析】考查固定用法和语态。句意：我宁愿被嘲笑，也不愿和他吵架。would rather do sth. than do sth.是
固定用法，意为“宁愿做某事也不愿做某事”。根据句意可知，laugh at 和I 是被动关系，应使用被动形
式，故填be laughed at。
7．My legs just weren’t made (run) like his.
【答案】to run
【解析】考查被动语态。句意：我的腿不像他的腿那样能跑。make sb. do sth.为固定用法，意为“使某人
做某事”，此处do 为省略to 的动词不定式，变成被动语态后，省略的to 要还原。故填to run。
8．—What do you think of my new T-shirt?
—I am sure it (wear) very well and keeps its shape.
【答案】wears
【解析】考查时态。句意：——你觉得我的新T 恤怎么样？——我相信它很耐穿，而且不会变形。分析句
子可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“wear”意为“穿”，动词词性，表示主语的某种属
性，用主动形式表示被动含义，句子主语为“it”，故应用“wear”的三单形式“wears”。故填wears。
9．It (prove) that the method is safe and reliable by practice.
【答案】has proved
【解析】考查时态。句意：实践证明，该方法安全可靠。分析可知，所填动词为主句谓语动词，根据后文
“by practice(经实践证明)”语境可推知，句子讲述的应是过去发生的实践对现在造成的结果，应是用现在
完成时表达，“prove”意为“证明是”，为系动词，不用被动语态，主语“It”为第三人称单数，应是“has
done”。故填has proved。
10．The buildings (date) from the Ming Dynasty is being rebuilt.
【答案】dating
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：追溯到明朝的这些建筑正在重建。分析句子可知，date 用非谓语动词形
式作定语修饰buildings，且date from“追溯到”无被动式，故用现在分词作定语，故填dating。
题型 语篇填空
Passage 1 （重庆市巴蜀中学2025 年高三试题）
阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
British national rowers showcased their competitiveness by winning the men’s and women’s 4.2-kilometer
chase at the 2024 Head of Shanghai River Regatta (赛艇比赛), 1 ended on Suzhou Creek on Sunday.
During 2 (Saturday) 500-meter city sprint, the British team won the title of the women’s elite
group, while Australia 3 (top) the men’s elite group. The two-day event also featured the club division
and two new divisions of junior and sponsor, 4 (involve) more participants including middle school
students.
“I’m so glad to see so many youngsters here involved in the sport of rowing,” said British 5
(retire) rower Sir Steve Redgrave, who came to Shanghai together with the British national team. He won gold
medals at five consecutive Olympic Games from 1984 to 2000, as well as nine World Rowing Championships 6
(gold).
Redgrave praised the event for encouraging more youngsters to participate in the competition, where they
can observe and learn from the professionals in all aspects. “In the UK, we have got used to starting rowing from
7 young age,” he said. “ 8 here in China, it is a new sport that draws so many children, which really
excites me.”
Launched in 2021, the Head of Shanghai River Regatta has played an important role 9 warming
up the city for the World Rowing Championship. Suzhou Creek 10 (pack) with people over the
weekend, with residents cheering for athletes from riversides and from the bridges.
【答案】
1．which 2．Saturday’s 3．topped 4．involving 5．retired 6．golds 7．a 8．But
9．in 10．was packed
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述英国国家赛艇队在2024 上海赛艇公开赛中的表现，以及赛事对
青少年参与赛艇运动的推动作用。
1．考查定语从句。句意：英国国家赛艇队在 2024 年上海内河赛艇锦标赛中展现了他们的竞技实力，赢
得了男子和女子 4.2 公里追逐赛，该赛事于周日在苏州河落幕。引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
2024 Head of Shanghai River Regatta，在从句中作主语，故用 which。故填which。
2．考查所有格。句意：在周六举行的 500 米城市竞速赛中，英国队获得了女子精英组的冠军，而澳大利
亚队则在男子精英组中拔得头筹。修饰“500-meter city sprint”，表示“周六的”，用名词所有格
Saturday’s。故填Saturday’s。
3．考查时态。句意：在周六举行的 500 米城市竞速赛中，英国队获得了女子精英组的冠军，而澳大利亚
队则在男子精英组中拔得头筹。此处描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时。故填topped。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：此次为期两天的活动还设有一个俱乐部分部以及两个新的分部，即青少年分
部和赞助商分部，参与人数更多，其中包括中学生。逻辑主语“The two-day event”与involve 为主动关系，
用现在分词作状语。故填involving。
5．考查形容词。句意：“看到这么多年轻人参与赛艇运动，我感到非常高兴。”英国退役赛艇运动员史
蒂夫·雷德格雷夫爵士说道，他与英国国家队一同来到了上海。修饰名词rower 用形容词retired，表示“退
役的”。故填retired。
6．考查名词的数。句意：从 1984 年到 2000 年，他连续五次在奥运会上获得金牌，并且还赢得了九次
世界赛艇锦标赛的金牌。根据上文nine 可知为名词复数。故填golds。
7．考查冠词。句意：“在英国，我们从小就习惯了进行划船运动。”他说道。短语from a young age 表示
“从小年纪开始”，连接辅音音素。故填a。
8．考查连词。句意：“但在中国，这项运动吸引了众多孩子参与，这让我感到非常兴奋。”根据句意，
前后句形成转折关系，用连词but，首字母大写。故填But。
9．考查冠词。句意：2021 年启动的“上海河畔赛艇锦标赛”在为世界赛艇锦标赛预热方面发挥了重要作
用。短语play an important role in 表示“在……发挥重要作用”。故填in。
10．考查时态语态。句意：周末期间，苏州河两岸挤满了人，居民们在河边和桥上为参赛者加油助威。主
语Suzhou Creek 与谓语构成被动关系，且结合时间状语over the weekend 可知，这是过去发生的事，用一
般过去时的被动语态，谓语用单数。故填was packed。
Passage 2 （2025 年吉林省吉林市东北三省教育教学联合体高三联考试题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Unlike traditional institutions, a museum devoted to the Eighth Route Army in Wuxiang country, Shanxi,
tells history in a creative way, 11 (combine) historical narration with modern technology. Instead of
physical craftwork, it features a “growing” exhibition space powered by AI and real-time data updates, and 12
(attract) 24,000 visitors so far.
Inside the museum, visitors can interact with digital characters of revolutionary heroes, listen to AI-narrated
stories, 13 even step into virtual battlefields. In the Heroes of Taihang section, AI brings 40 colored
portraits of local heroes including Wang Jiuhuan, who fought disguised (伪装) as a man 14 life. Among
the portraits are a few blank frames, 15 honor unknown heroes. A digital map highlights 1,190 historical
sites with 3D battle recreations. Meanwhile, a digital guide named Yang Hongxing, who 16 (dress) in an
Eighth Route Army uniform, helps visitors 17 (thorough) explore the revolutionary history.
The museum also offers 18 (interact) experiences like real-time wartime poster creation, e-book
reading, quizzes and personalized video making. As Ye Jian, the curator, emphasizes, digitization connects Red
culture with young 19 (audience). With Red culture as its core, Wuxiang aims to take a series of
measures in 20 hope of becoming a national demonstration zone for the integrated development of Red
culture tourism.
【答案】
11．combining 12．has attracted 13．and 14．to 15．which 16．is dressed 17．
thoroughly 18．interactive 19．audiences 20．the
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了山西武乡八路军博物馆以创新方式讲述历史，将历史叙述与现代
科技结合，还提供多种互动体验，旨在推动红色文化旅游融合发展。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：与传统机构不同，山西武乡的一座八路军博物馆以创新的方式讲述历史，将
历史叙述与现代科技相结合。“combine historical narration with modern technology”在句中作伴随状语，
combine(结合)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语a museum 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填
combining。
12．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：它没有实体工艺品，其特色是由人工智能和实时数据更新驱动的
“不断发展”的展览空间，到目前为止已经吸引了24000 名游客。attract(吸引)是并列谓语动词，与主语it
之间是主动关系，根据时间状语“so far”可知，描述过去持续到现在的行为，应用现在完成时，主语是第
三人称单数代词，助动词用has。故填has attracted。
13．考查连词。句意：在博物馆内，游客可以与革命英雄的数字角色互动，听人工智能讲述的故事，甚至
踏入虚拟战场。“interact with digital characters of revolutionary heroes”、“listen to AI narrated stories”和
“step into virtual battlefields”是并列关系，所以用连词and 连接。故填and。
14．考查介词。句意：在太行英雄展区，人工智能赋予了包括王九焕在内的40 幅当地英雄彩色画像以生
命，王九焕曾女扮男装参战。“bring...to life”是固定短语，意为“使……栩栩如生；赋予……生命”。故
填to。
15．考查定语从句。句意：在这些画像中有几个空白的相框，以纪念无名英雄。“____ honor unknown
heroes”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词blank frames，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which
引导从句。故填which。
16．考查时态和语态。句意：与此同时，一位名叫杨红星、身着八路军军装的数字导游帮助游客全面探索
革命历史。dress(给……穿衣服)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who(指代a digital guide named Yang
Hongxing)之间是被动关系，“be dressed in”为固定搭配，表示“穿着”，且描述客观事实，所以用一般现
在时的被动语态，主语是单数名词，be 动词用is。故填is dressed。
17．考查副词。句意：与此同时，一位名叫杨红星、身着八路军军装的数字导游帮助游客全面探索革命历
史。提示词修饰动词explore，应用其副词形式thoroughly 作状语，意为“完全地，全面地”。故填
thoroughly。
18．考查形容词。句意：博物馆还提供互动体验，如实时战时海报创作、电子书阅读、问答和个性化视频
制作。提示词修饰名词experiences，应用其形容词interactive 作定语，意为“互动的”。故填interactive。
19．考查名词复数。句意：正如馆长叶健所强调的，数字化将红色文化与年轻观众联系起来。可数名词
audience 作宾语，这里表示泛指年轻观众群体，应用复数形式。故填audiences。
20．考查冠词。句意：武乡以红色文化为核心，希望采取一系列措施，成为全国红色文化旅游融合发展的
示范区。“in the hope of”是固定短语，意为“怀着……的希望”。故填the。
Passage 3 （2025 年江苏省前黄中学高三试题）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese Landscape Painting
For thousands of years, landscape paintings, or Shan Shui Hua, have been a major part of Chinese art.
Chinese artists don’t usually paint real places 21 imaginary, idealized landscapes. In China, mountains
22 (associate) with religion because they reach up towards the heavens. People therefore believe that looking
at paintings of mountains is good for the soul.
Landscape paintings are seen as an 23 (extend) of calligraphy. The colors are restrained and the
paintings are usually created in ink on paper, with a small amount of watercolor. They are mounted (装裱) on silk
24 different formats such as handscrolls, album leaves and fan paintings.
By the late Tang Dynasty, landscape painting had evolved into an independent genre. The genre of such an
art form was taken to extreme 25 (height), with painters expressing their desire to be at one with nature.
There have been long-held arguments over 26 landscape painting in China was the first one to bring this
art form to life, but many art critics do believe in The Nymph of the Luo River to be the first of its kind. The
painting has stood as symbols of man’s 27 (hide) desire to be united with nature.
Images of nature 28 (remain) a source of inspiration for artists down to the present day. Chinese
29 (art) expression is deeply imprinted with images of the natural world. The paintings are also a true
portrayal of their artists’ inner feelings and thoughts as well as struggles. 30 (view) Chinese landscape
paintings, we should never stop appreciating and understanding the extraordinary beauty of Chinese landscape art.
【答案】
21．but 22．are associated 23．extension 24．in 25．heights 26．which 27．hidden
28．have remained 29．artistic 30．Viewing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国山水画的历史、特点及其艺术价值。
21．考查连词。句意：中国艺术家通常不画真实的地方，而是画想象中的理想化风景。根据句意可知，此
处表示“不是……而是……”，应用not...but...，故填but。
22．考查动词时态及语态。句意：在中国，山脉与宗教相关联，因为它们直指天空。主语“mountains”与
“associate”之间是被动关系，且陈述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are associated。
23．考查名词。句意：山水画被视为书法的延伸。冠词“an”后需接名词单数extension，作宾语，故填
extension。
24．考查介词。句意：它们被装裱在丝绸上，以不同的形式呈现，如手卷、册页和扇面画。表示“以……
形式”用介词in，故填in。
25．考查名词单复数。句意：这种艺术形式的风格被推向了极致的高度，画家们表达出他们与自然合一的
愿望。此处应用名词作宾语，前面无冠词，此处应用名词的复数形式heights，表示泛指，故填heights。
26．考查连词。句意：关于中国山水画哪个是第一个赋予这种艺术形式生命的争论一直存在，但许多艺术
评论家确实相信《洛神赋图》是此类作品中的第一幅。此处引导宾语从句，表示“哪幅画”，应用which
引导宾语从句，故填which。
27．考查形容词。句意：这幅画象征着人类与自然合一的隐秘愿望。修饰名词desire 需用形容词hidden，
作定语，表示“隐藏的”，故填hidden。
28．考查动词时态。句意：自然图像至今仍是艺术家的灵感来源。时间状语“down to the present day”强调
从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时，主语是复数，助动词应用have，故填have remained。
29．考查形容词。句意：中国的艺术表达深深烙印着自然世界的图像。修饰名词expression 需用形容词
artistic，作定语，表示“艺术的”，故填artistic。
30．考查非谓语动词。句意：欣赏中国山水画时，我们永远不应停止欣赏和理解其非凡之美。句中有谓
语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，主语“we”与“view”是主动关系，用现在分词形式，单词
位于句首，首字母大写，故填Viewing。
1. （2025 年年北京卷）Making choices is part of life. By the time you brushed your teeth, you 15
(make) several decisions even without noticing.
【答案】had made
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：当你刷牙的时候，你甚至在不知不觉中已经做了好几个决定。根据时间状
语“By the time you brushed your teeth”可知，此处表示在过去某一时间点之前已经完成的动作，时态应用
过去完成时，谓语用had made。故填had made。
3.（2025 年北京卷）Some choices are quick, while others take more thought. Usually, better outcomes 16
(achieve) through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.
【答案】 are achieved
【解析】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：通常，通过充分了解风险承受能力等策略，可以取得更
好的结果。根据时间状语“Usually”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，时态应用一般现在时；主语
better outcomes 和动词achieve“实现”之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态；主语better outcomes
是复数，be 动词应用are。故填are achieved。
4.（2024 年新高考II 卷） Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ______
(build)at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes’ walk from Shakespeare’s birthplace.
【答案】was built
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：两年后，一座六米高的亭子在菲斯花园落成，该花园距离莎士比亚故居
仅十分钟步行路程，其灵感来自《牡丹亭》。这里为本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“Two years later”可
知，本句时态为一般过去时；主语为“a six-meter-tall pavilion”，单数，和动词“build”之间为被动关系，
所以用被动语态。故填was built。
5.（2024 年浙江卷）However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more
if they could sometimes ________ (offer) in smaller packs. Even the biggest sausage fan doesn’t want to eat them
every day.
【答案】be offered
【解析】考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时
能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer 意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they 代指前文中的
sausages。在情态动词could 后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
6.（2023 年全国甲卷语法填空）Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the
ages can still (employ) today to draw attention to important truths.
【答案】be employed
【解析】考查语态。句意：卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式，已经代代相传，今天仍然可以用来吸引人们
对重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form 与employ 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。情态动词
can 后接动词原形。故填be employed。
7.（2023 年全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I ________(amaze) by the co-
existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
【答案】was amazed
【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10 年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶
于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city
was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I 和动
词amaze 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
8. (2022 年新高考I 卷) After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP
___
__
___
(design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural
ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones,and leaving behind precious natural
assets(资产)for future generations”.
【答案】is designed
【解析】考查时态语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP 之间为被动关系；叙
述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态，主语单数，谓语单数形式。本句句
意：GPNP 旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，维护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙
后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。故填is designed。
9.（2022 年天津卷单项选择）Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last
Sunday.
A. distribute
B. distributed
C. are distributed
D. were distributed
【答案】D
【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：上周日飓风过后，食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句
子成分可知，Food and medical supplies 作主语，为复数，与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系，故需要用被
动语态be distributed；根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知，句子需要用一般过去时态，故be 动词要用
were。故选D 项。
10. （2022 年浙江卷1 月语法填空）Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by
plane ________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information.
【答案】is viewed/has been viewed
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：经常乘飞机去参加会议、演讲、研讨会等，被认为是科学家们聚在一起交
流信息的重要方式。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时，此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现在的认
知，用现在完成时。动名词作主语与谓语之间存在被动关系，故可以用一般现在时的被动语态或现在完成
时的被动语态，且动名词作主语，谓语用单数。故填is viewed/has been viewed。
