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【过高考】2023 年高考英语大一轮单元复习
人教 2019 新版选择性必修四 • Unit 2
一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. He was fond of ________ (dive) from an early age and he enjoys the wonderful creatures on the ocean floor.
【答案】diving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他从小就喜欢潜水，喜欢海底的奇妙生物。分析句子成分可知，所设
空处在介词of之后做宾语，所以应用动名词形式，故填diving。
2. She is old enough to have the________ (free) to do what she likes.
【答案】freedom
【解析】考查名词。句意：她已经长大了，可以自由地做她喜欢做的事。分析句子，设空处应该填写名
词作宾语。free为形容词，意为“自由的”，其名词词为freedom，为不可数名词。故填freedom。
3. The carnival held in our school last week________(sponsor) by several famous graduates.
【答案】was sponsored
【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：上周在我们学校举行的嘉年华由几位著名的毕业生赞助。根据 last
week可知，这是描述过去的事情，用一般过去时。分析句子可知，carnival和sponsor是被动关系，需用
一般过去时的被动语态。故填was sponsored。
4. The charity organized the ______ (distribute) of food and clothing in the disaster area.
【答案】distribution
【解析】考查名词。句意：慈善机构在灾区组织分发食物和衣物。空处应用名词 distribution做宾语，且
此处表示“分发”为不可数名词，故填distribution。
5. Road accidents have decreased in ________ (frequent) in this region during the past decade.
【答案】frequency
【解析】考查名词。句意：在过去的十年中，这个地区的交通事故发生的频率有所下降。根据空格前的
介词in可知，此处应该用提示词的名词形式作介词的宾语。故填frequency。
6. You should keep your ________ (capable) to deal with all kinds of problems.
【答案】capability
【解析】考查名词。句意：你应该保持你处理各种问题的能力。根据空格前的 keep your可知空格处是名
词作宾语。故填capability。
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7. Modern science makes it possible for us to be in contact ________ each other much more easily.
【答案】with
【解析】考查介词。句意：现代科学使我们更容易地相互联系成为可能。in contact with固定搭配，意为
“与......有联系”，故填with。
8. California _________ (refer) to as the Golden State, as you know.
【答案】is referred
【解析】考查时态、语态。句意：大家都知道，加州被称为“金州”。此处考查动词短语 refer to...as...，
意为“称……为……”。陈述客观事实，谓语动词用一般现在时。refer to与逻辑主语California之间为动
宾关系，故用被动语态，主语为单数，故填is referred。
9. He picked up a handful ____gravel (石子) and drew back his arm to throw.
【答案】of
【解析】考查介词。句意：他抓起一把沙砾，缩回胳膊准备扔出去。表示“一把……”，应用 a handful
of。故填of。
10. The organization is called Root Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm ________
(found).
【答案】foundation
【解析】考查名词。句意：这个组织被称为“Root Shoots”，因为根在地下缓慢移动，形成坚实的基础。
firm是形容词，修饰名词，根据句意可知，空格处意为“基础”，名词是foundation，空前有a，空格处
用单数，作宾语，故填foundation。
二、题型精练：阅读理解
On September 15, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Honduras celebrate their own independence days. On October
16, Mexico follows suit. Each country above has its own nature, but what combines them is local traditions and
Spanish culture. Here are four destinations worthy of planning a trip.
Tazumal, El Salvador
El Salvador is home to some rather impressive Mayan ruins that show off this once great civilization. Tazumal
is one such place, which is believed to be more than 7,000 years old and was left abandoned sometime around the
13th century. However, large areas were extensively restored in the 40s’ and 50s’, giving visitors a taste of the
past.
Antigua, Guatemala
The 16th-century city of Antigua is surrounded by volcanoes, churches, and Baroque buildings, combining
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European style with pre-Hispanic traditions, making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites. It’s
possible to visit most of its attractions on foot, including the Arco de Santa Catalina, the Central Park, and the
Palacio del Ayuntamiento.
Comayagua, Honduras
Honduras may be well-known for its beaches, and one worthy of your travels is the city that was once the
capital: Comayagua. Founded in the early 1500s, a visit here is like traveling back in time. Several museums
showcase the cultural richness and the must-see clock in the central square, which is the oldest clock in the continent,
dating back to the 12th century.
Veracruz, Mexico
Veracruz is a natural beauty with beaches that stretch for as far as the eye can see, deep blue waves and
powerful waterfalls. When visiting Veracruz, stop by the Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz, where locals gather to
listen to “son jarocho”, a regional folk music style that started right here. Couples also gather to dance in the square.
But not just any dance, rather they take part in Danzόn, a traditional couples dance iconic (标志性的) to this
particular state.
1. Which place has the potential to be a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
A. Tazumal. B. Antigua. C. Comayagua. D. Veracruz.
2. What can visitors do in Veracruz?
A. Learn to sing folk music. B. Watch unique dances.
C. Go in for water sports. D. Walk on man-made beaches.
3. What do the listed places have in common?
A. They share the same traditional culture. B. They have beautiful long beaches.
C. They are home to famous ancient ruins. D. They celebrate independence days the same day.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了与萨尔瓦多、危地马拉，洪都拉斯以及墨西哥有关
的四个值得计划旅行的目的地。
1. B 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章“Antigua, Guatemala”部分内容“The 16th-century city of Antigua is
surrounded by volcanoes, churches, and Baroque buildings, combining European style with pre-Hispanic
traditions, making its way to the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.(16 世纪的安提瓜城被火山、教
堂和巴洛克式建筑所包围，融合了欧洲风格和前西班牙裔传统，设法要跻身联合国教科文组织世界
遗产名录。)”可知，Antigua正努力跻身于联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录，由此可推知，Antigua
有望成为联合国教科文组织的世界遗产。故选B项。
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2. B 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章“Veracruz, Mexico”部分内容“When visiting Veracruz, stop by the
Zocalo in Downtown Veracruz... Couples also gather to dance in the square. But not just any dance, rather
they take part in Danzόn, a traditional couples dance iconic to this particular state.(当参观Veracruz时，
请在Veracruz市中心的Zocalo停下来……情侣们也聚集在广场上跳舞。但不是任何舞蹈，而是他
们参加Danzόn，一个传统的情侣舞蹈，这个特殊的国家的象征。)”可知，在Veracruz的广场可以观
看情侣们在广场上跳Danzόn舞，它是这个国家的象征，有着特殊的意义。故选B项。
3. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“Each country above has its own nature, but what combines
them is local traditions and Spanish culture.(上面的每个国家都有自己的性质，但将它们结合在一起的
是当地的传统和西班牙文化。)”可知，这些国家虽然都有自己的性质，但是它们有着共同的背景文
化：西班牙文化。由此可知，它们的共同点在于相同的文化背景。故选A项。
三、语法填空
Carrying a message of peace and friendship, the flame for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games arrived to a warm
welcome in Beijing on Wednesday.
Witnessed by organizers, sports 1 (figure), performers and students, the flame housed in a red
lantern 2 (draw) crowds of onlookers as it was accompanied by volunteers into a ceremony held at Beijing’s
Olympic Tower. The flame arrived early on Wednesday after 3 (fly) from Greece, the birthplace of the
Olympics, where it was lit two days 4 (early).
Public exhibitions of the torch and the traditional national relay (接力) in the host country have been simplified
for the Beijing Games due 5 COVID-19 precautionary measures. The relay will take place in three host
areas and involve about 1,200 torchbearers, 6 scheduled for Feb 2 to Feb 4, with the route 7 (connect)
landmarks, historical sites and major tourism attractions in Beijing and Zhangjiakou. The shortened torch relay with
reduced crowds, will help ensure the health and 8 (safe) of all participants as well as that of local
communities.
“As 9 iconic (偶像) cultural element of the Olympic Games, the torch relay plays a 10
(extreme) significant role in promoting the host’s international image while spreading the message of peace and
friendship,” said Zhang Jiandong, a vice-mayor of Beijing.
【语篇解读】这是一篇新闻报道。承载着和平与友谊的2022年冬奥会圣火于周三抵达北京，受到热
烈欢迎，文章对此进行了详细报道。
1. figures 【解析】考查名词复数。句意：在组织者、体育界人士、表演者和学生的见证下，在志愿者的
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陪同下，红色灯笼里的圣火在北京奥林匹克塔举行的仪式上吸引了大量的围观者。名词 figure意为
“人物”，为可数名词，根据语境可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填figures。
2. drew 【解析】考查动词时态。句意：在组织者、体育界人士、表演者和学生的见证下，在志愿者的陪
同下，红色灯笼里的圣火在北京奥林匹克塔举行的仪式上吸引了大量的围观者。根据语境可知，此处
讲述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。故填drew。
3. being flown 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：两天前圣火在奥运会的诞生地希腊点燃后，于周三凌晨
抵达。动词fly意为“空运”，在介词after后应用动名词，fly和主语flame是逻辑动宾关系，应用被动
语态，即动名词的被动语态，作宾语。故填being flown。
4. earlier 【解析】考查比较级。句意：两天前圣火在奥运会的诞生地希腊点燃后，于周三凌晨抵达。根据
前文“The flame arrived early on Wednesday after being flown from Greece”可知，此处是指提前两天在奥
运会的诞生地希腊点燃，应用副词early的比较级。故填earlier。
5. to 【解析】考查介词。句意：由于新冠肺炎的预防措施，主办国的北京奥运会火炬公开展览和传统的
国家接力活动已被简化。固定搭配due to“因为”，to是介词。故填to。
6. which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：火炬传递将在三个主办地区进行，约有1,200名火炬手参加，时
间定于2月2日至2月4日，路线连接北京和张家口的地标性建筑、历史古迹和主要旅游景点。此处是
非限制性定语从句，先行词为relay，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
7. connecting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：火炬传递将在三个主办地区进行，约有 1,200名火炬手参
加，时间定于2月2日至2月4日，路线连接北京和张家口的地标性建筑、历史古迹和主要旅游景点。
在with独立主格结构中，动词connect意为“连接”，和逻辑主语route构成主动关系，应用现在分词。
故填connecting。
8. safety 【解析】考查名词。句意：缩短火炬传递时间，减少人群，将有助于确保所有参与者以及当地社
区的健康和安全。此处与 health是并列成分，作动词 ensure的宾语，应用名词safety“安全”。故填
safety。
9. an 【解析】考查冠词。句意：作为奥运会的标志性文化元素，火炬传递对于提升主办国的国际形象、
传播和平与友谊的信息有着极其重要的作用。此处泛指“一种标志性文化元素”，应用不定冠词，
iconic开头发音为元音音素，应用an。故填an。
10. extremely 【解析】考查副词。句意：作为奥运会的标志性文化元素，火炬传递对于提升主办国的国际
形象、传播和平与友谊的信息有着极其重要的作用。此处修饰形容词 significant，应用副词
extremely“极其，非常”，作状语。故填extremely。
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四、阅读理解
Best places to visit in the UK
London: The UK's All-in-One Destination
While it's possible to plan a trip to the UK without visiting London, it's certainly not to be advised. The nation's
capital offers plenty of attractions to keep you busy. For those interested in learning more about the UK's rich history,
one of the top things to do in London is visit the Tower of London. Located beside the Tower Bridge on the banks
of the River Thames, this former palace and prison includes highlights such as the iconic 1,000-year-old White
Tower, with its fascinating displays of armor and weaponry, and the Jewel House, home to the Crown Jewels.
Edinburgh; Scotland's Capital
One of Scotland's most attractive cities, the capital city of Edinburgh is also one of the UK's most visited
destinations. Popular for its many well-preserved historic buildings, Edinburgh is perhaps best known as the home
of the Edinburgh Castle.
Other Edinburgh highlights include broad Princes Street, popular for its shopping and dining, as well as for
the Royal Botanical Garden and the National Gallery of Scotland.
Medieval (中世纪的) York and its Minster
One of northern England's most popular tourist destinations, the medieval city of York, long the
ecclesiastical (教会的) capital of the Church of England, boasts one of the country's most magnificent cathedrals (教
堂). The country's largest medieval church, York Minster can trace its roots back to the spread of Christianity in the
3rd century, although the splendid present Gothic structure was built almost 1,000 years later.
Highlights of a tour include the opportunity to view its 14th-century stained glass windows, plus the richly
decorated interiors of the choir and north transept. Also worth a visit is the crypt, which contains parts of the original
11th-century church the cathedral now stands on.
Plan your sightseeing adventures with our list of the best places to visit in the UK. Click here for more
information.
1. If you are interested in UK's rich history; where would you go?
A. Tower Bridge B. River Thames C. Tower of London D. White Tower
2 Which of the following is Edinburgh best known for?
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A. Edinburgh Castle B. Princes Street C. National Gallery D. Royal Botanical Garden
3. Which of the following about York is true?
A. It was the capital of the Church of England.
B. York boasts UK's most magnificent cathedrals.
C. York Minster is the country's largest medieval church.
D. The present Gothic structure was built almost 1000 years ago.
4. Where would you probably read this article?
A. On a sports magazine. B. On a travel website.
C. On a science report. D. On a geography book.
【语篇解读】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了英国最值得参观的三个地方——伦敦，爱丁堡和约克。
1. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据London: The UK's All-in-One Destination中“For those interested in learning
more about the UK's rich history, one of the top things to do in London is visit the Tower of London.(对于
那些有兴趣了解英国丰富历史的人来说，在伦敦最重要的事情之一就是参观伦敦塔。)”可知，如果
你对英国丰富的历史感兴趣，你可以去参观伦敦塔。故选C。
2. A 【解析】细节理解题。根据Edinburgh; Scotland's Capital中“Popular for its many well-preserved historic
buildings, Edinburgh is perhaps best known as the home of the Edinburgh Castle.(爱丁堡因其许多保存完
好的历史建筑而闻名，爱丁堡最著名的可能是爱丁堡城堡的所在地。)”可知，爱丁堡因为爱丁堡城
堡而闻名于世。故选A。
3. C 【解析】细节理解题。根据Medieval (中世纪的) York and its Minster中“The country's largest medieval
church, York Minster can trace its roots back to the spread of Christianity in the 3rd century, although the
splendid present Gothic structure was built almost 1,000 years later.(约克大教堂是美国最大的中世纪教
堂，它的起源可以追溯到基督教在3世纪的传播，尽管现在辉煌的哥特式建筑建于近1000年
后。)”可知，约克大教堂是该国最大的中世纪教堂。由此可知，选项C的描述正确。故选C。
4. B 【解析】推理判断题。阅读文章内容，并根据文章标题“Best places to visit in the UK”可知，本文介
绍了英国最值得参观的三个地方——伦敦，爱丁堡和约克。由此可知，我们最可能在旅游网站上阅
读到这篇文章。故选B。
五、七选五
The Sahara Desert
Location
Filling nearly all of northern Africa, the Sahara Desert measures approximately 3, 000 miles from east to west
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and between 800 and 1, 200 miles from north to south. 1 The Sahara Desert is bordered in the west by the
Atlantic Ocean, in the north by the Atlas Mountains and the Mediterranean Sea, in the east by the Red Sea, and in
the south by the Sahel.
Landscape
The Sahara Desert features iconic sand dune (沙丘) fields, which cover about 15 percent of the entire desert’s
surface and lie primarily in the north-central region. 2 A few examples include crescent (新月形的) dunes,
linear dunes, transverse dunes and star dunes. These dunes, with their various forms, raise many questions about the
dynamics of their formation.
Water
3 Its age-old rivers are the Nile and the Niger. The Nile rises south of the Sahara and empties into the
Mediterranean. The Niger rises southwest of the Sahara and flows northeastward into Mali. 4 It is the
expansive but shallow Lake Chad, a body of water that lies at the southernmost edge of the Sahara. Other lakes
hold a salty stew of undrinkable water.
Climate
Across the Sahara Desert, the annual average rainfall equals no more than a few inches or fewer. In the summer,
daytime air temperatures often soar to over 100 degrees Fahrenheit, with the hottest air temperature meteorologists
have ever recorded — 136 degrees — occurring at EL Azizia, Libya, on September 13, 1922. 5 In the
winter, freezing temperatures may occur in the northern Sahara Desert, and milder temperatures across the southern
Sahara Desert. Snow may fall occasionally in some of the higher mountain ranges and rarely, on the desert floor.
A. No rain at all may fall for several more years.
B. It has a total area of some 3,320,000 square miles.
C. The dunes usually take on varied and complex forms.
D. Star dunes form under winds that blow from several directions.
E. The Sahara Desert has some lakes, but only one with drinkable water.
F. The Sahara Desert has only two permanent rivers and a handful of lakes.
G. Under the clear skies, the temperature may fall 40 degrees or more during an evening.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了撒哈拉大沙漠的地理位置及其自然风貌等。
1. B 【解析】根据该空前的“Filling nearly all of northern Africa, the Sahara Desert measures approximately 3,
000 miles from east to west and between 800 and 1, 200 miles from north to south. (撒哈拉沙漠几乎填满
了整个北非，从东到西约3000英里，从北到南约800到1200英里)”可知，作者在此通过具体的数
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字向读者说明了撒哈拉大沙漠到底有多大。B项“It has a total area of some 3,320,000 square miles.
(它的总面积约为 332 万平方英里)”中的“3, 320, 000 square miles”是对前面“3, 000 miles”和
“between 800 and 1, 200 miles”的进一步概述。故选B。
2. C 【解析】根据该空后的“A few examples include crescent (新月形的) dunes, linear dunes, transverse dunes
and star dunes.(一些例子包括新月形沙丘，线性沙丘，横向沙丘和星形沙丘)”可知，作者介绍了沙丘
的形态。这里是对C项“The dunes usually take on varied and complex forms.(沙丘通常呈现出多种多
样的复杂形态)”中的“varied and complex forms”进行举例说明。选择项中的dunes与该空后的dunes
为原词复现。故选C。
3. F 【解析】根据本段小标题“Water(水)”和该段介绍的河流湖泊相关内容可知，这里是本段的主题句。
F项“The Sahara Desert has only two permanent rivers and a handful of lakes.(撒哈拉沙漠只有两条恒
河和少数几个湖泊)”中的“two permanent rivers”指代下文“Its age-old rivers are the Nile and the
Niger.(古老的河流是尼罗河和尼日尔河)”中的“the Nile”和“the Niger”；F项中的“a handful of
lakes”指代下文“It is the expansive but shallow Lake Chad, a body of water that lies at the southernmost
edge of the Sahara. Other lakes hold a salty stew of undrinkable water.(这是一个广阔而浅的乍得湖，它
位于撒哈拉沙漠的最南端。其他湖泊则是咸水，里面是不能饮用的水)”中的“Lake Chad”及“Other
lakes”。故选F。
4. E 【解析】根据“Its age-old rivers are the Nile and the Niger. The Nile rises south of the Sahara and empties
into the Mediterranean. The Niger rises southwest of the Sahara and flows northeastward into Mali. (古老
的河流是尼罗河和尼日尔河。尼罗河发源于撒哈拉以南，流入地中海。尼日尔河发源于撒哈拉沙漠
的西南部，向东北流入马里)”可知，E项“The Sahara Desert has some lakes, but only one with drinkable
water.(撒哈拉沙漠有一些湖泊，但只有一个湖泊有饮用水)”内容紧接上文对撒哈拉大沙漠中的湖泊
进行了介绍，E项中的“drinkable water”与下文“Other lakes hold a salty stew of undrinkable water.(其他
湖泊则是咸水，里面是不能饮用的水)”中的“undrinkable water”形成对比。故选E。
5. G 【解析】根据该空前的“In the summer, daytime air temperatures often soar to over 100 degrees Fahrenheit,
with the hottest air temperature meteorologists have ever recorded — 136 degrees — occurring at EL Azizia,
Libya, on September 13, 1922.(在夏季，白天的气温经常飙升到100华氏度以上，气象学家有记录以
来最热的气温——136华氏度——发生在1922年9月13日的利比亚阿齐齐亚)”可知，在夏季，日
间温度经常飙升到100华氏度以上。G项“Under the clear skies, the temperature may fall 40 degrees or
more during an evening.(在晴朗的天空下，夜间气温可能下降40度或更多)”内容接着介绍了夜间的气
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温情况，符合此处语境。故选G。
六、完形填空
According to a Chinese saying, he who doesn’t reach the Great Wall of China is never a great man. Growing
up in Beijing I 1 historical sites and natural attractions (吸引) perfectly well. However, I’d 2 climbed
the Great Wall before until recently. I, along with my friends, aimed for the top. We soon discovered that the hike (远足)
was much more 3 than we had imagined. But we didn’t 4. It took us about two hours to finally
reach where we had wanted to get to.
As I 5 at the top of the Great Wall, I looked back at the waves (浪) of 6 walking to the top.
At that moment, I saw an amazing view that would forever change my opinion on humans’ limits. I saw young
couples carrying their children, walking 7 but surely towards the top. They would stop once in a while to
take a 8 under the hot sun.
As I stood there, I began to 9 words that can describe us humans. If one would like to describe
Giraffes (长颈鹿), he/she would use words such as 10 and long-necked—But what about us? I took another
look down below and my 11 began to gather, persevering (坚持不懈的), determined, and strong... As these
words came into my mind, I 12 that it was not appearance (外貌) or physical characteristics that should
define (定义) us humans, but the 13 that we share.
I don’t know if I became a great man after returning from this 14 according to the Chinese saying,
15 I surely returned as a more thoughtful person.
1. A. show B. accept C. imagine D. know
2. A. still B. also C. never D. already
3. A. expensive B. interesting C. difficult D. important
4. A. break up B. give up C. keep up D. look up
5. A. shook B. lay C. walked D. stood
6. A. children B. sights C. people D. foreigners
7. A. dangerously B. slowly C. worriedly D. strangely
8. A. break B. tip C. step D. note
9. A. care about B. make up C. tell about D. think of
10. A. healthy B. tall C. fat D. scary
11. A. thoughts B. emotions C. rules D. plans
12. A. worried B. argued C. feared D. realized
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13. A. dreams B. qualities C. concerns D. experiences
14. A. trip B. country C. vacation D. risk
15. A. but B. as C. unless D. so
【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要描写了作者登长城的所见、所闻和所感。通过这次旅途，
作者认为自己变成一个更深思的人。
1. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于在北京长大，我非常了解它的历史遗迹和自然景点。A.
show显示，说明；B. accept接受；C. imagine想象；D. know了解。根据“Growing up in Beijing”可
知，作者在北京长大，故推知作者对北京的历史遗迹和自然景点非常了解，故选D。
2. C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到最近，我才爬了长城。A. still仍然；B. also也；C.
never从不，决不；D. already已经。根据“Growing up in Beijing I 1 historical sites and
natural attractions (吸引) perfectly well.”及“However”可知， However表示转折，故推知作者虽然对
北京的景点非常了解，但之前没爬过长城，故选C。
3. C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：很快，我们发现这次徒步旅行比我们想象的要困难的多。A.
expensive昂贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. difficult困难的；D. important重要的。根据“But we
didn’t 4 .”可知，作者没有放弃，But表示转折，故推知本句表示“虽然旅途很困难，但是
我们没有放弃”，故选C。
4. B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：但是，我们没有放弃。A. break up打碎；B. give up放弃；C. keep
up保持；D. look up查阅。根据“We soon discovered that the hike(远足)was much more 3 than
we had imagined.”及“But”可知，作者认为旅途很难，But表示转折，故推知即使旅途艰难，但他们
没有放弃，故选B。
5. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我站在长城的顶部，我回头看着陆续走到长城顶部的人潮。
A. shook摇动；B. lay躺下；C. walked走路；D. stood站在。根据“I looked back at the waves (浪) of
6 walking to the top.”可知，作者已经到达长城顶部，并站在长城顶部，回望着陆续走到长城顶
部的人潮，故选D。
6. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我站在长城的顶部，我回头看着陆续走到长城顶部的人潮。A.
children孩子们；B. sights 风景；C. people 人；D. foreigners 外国人。根据“I saw young couples
carrying their children, walking 7 but surely towards the top.”可知，作者回头看的是陆续走
到长城顶部的人潮，故选C。
7. B 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我看到年轻夫妇带着他们的孩子，缓慢但是却坚定地走向顶部。
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A. dangerously危险地；B. slowly缓慢地；C. worriedly担心地；D. strangely奇怪地。根据“We soon
discovered that the hike (远足) was much more 3 than we had imagined.”及“They would stop
once in a while to take a 8 under the hot sun.”可知，爬长城很难，人们时走时停，故推知人
们缓慢地走着，故选B。
8. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在烈日下，他们偶尔会停下来休息。A. break休息；B. tip指点，
提示；C. step步骤；D. note笔记。根据“We soon discovered that the hike (远足) was much more
3 than we had imagined.”及“They would stop once in a while”可知，爬长城很难，人们时走时停，
所以人们停下来是为了休息，故选A。
9. D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我站在那里时，我开始考虑用来描绘我们人类的话语。A. care
about关心；B. make up组成；C. tell about讲述；D. think of考虑。根据“If one would like to describe
Giraffes (长颈鹿), he/she would use words such as 1 0 and long-necked—But what about us?”可知
此处描写作者思考描绘长颈鹿和人的词语，故选D。
10. B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果有人想要描述长颈鹿，他会使用高或者长脖子这类词语。
但我们呢？A. healthy健康的；B. tall高的；C. fat胖的；D. scary可怕的。根据“If one would like to
describe Giraffes (长颈鹿)”可知，长颈鹿脖子长，并且很高，所以用tall形容长颈鹿，故选B。
11. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我又看了一眼下面，思绪开始聚集，坚持不懈，坚定不移，坚
强……A. thoughts想法；B. emotions情感；C. rules规则；D. plans计划。根据“persevering (坚持不
懈的), determined, and strong...”可知，此处描述的是作者描述人的词语，这是作者经过思考得出的想
法，故选A。
12. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当这些词进入我的脑海时，我意识到并不是外貌或是身体特征
来定义我们人类，而是我们共享的品质。A. worried担心；B. argued争论；C. feared害怕；D.
realized意识到。根据“it was not appearance (外貌) or physical characteristics that should define (定义)
us humans, but the 13 that we share.”可知，此处描述的是作者的想法，这是作者经过思考
之后意识到的，故选D。
13. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当这些词进入我的脑海时，我意识到并不是外貌或是身体特征
来定义我们人类，而是我们共享的品质。A. dreams梦想；B. qualities品质；C. concerns关注；D.
experiences经历。根据“persevering (坚持不懈的), determined, and strong...”可知，这些都是描述人
类品质的词语，故选B。
14. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据中国谚语，我不知道这次旅行回来后，我是否成为了“好
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汉”，但我肯定会作为一个更深思的人归来。A. trip旅行；B. country国家；C. vacation假期；D.
risk冒险。根据“I, along with my friends, aimed for the top. We soon discovered that the hike (远足) was
much more 3 than we had imagined. But we didn’t 4 . It took us about two hours to
finally reach where we had wanted to get to.”可知，本文描述的是作者爬长城的经历，这是作者的一次
徒步旅行，故选A。
15. A 【解析】考查连词词义辨析。句意：根据中国谚语，我不知道这次旅行回来后，我是否成为了“好
汉”，但我肯定会作为一个更深思的人归来。A. but但是；B. as因为；C. unless除非；D. so所以。
根据“As I stood there, I began to 9 words that can describe us humans. If one would like to
describe Giraffes (长颈鹿), he/she would use words such as 1 0 and long-necked—But what about
us? I took another look down below and my 11 began to gather, persevering (坚持不懈的),
determined, and strong...”可知，此处描述的是作者旅途之后的思考，故推知作者变得更爱思考了，
故选A。
七、书面表达
假如你是李华，你远在英国的朋友Peter对历史文化名城扬州很感兴趣，发邮件来询问详细信息。请
你回一封邮件，要点如下：
1. 风景、历史、文化等;
2. 欢迎游览。
注意：1. 词数80左右;
2. 可适当增加细节，以使内容连贯。
Dear Peter,
_______________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________.
Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Peter,
Glad to receive your letter where you want to know more about Yang Zhou.
Yang Zhou is like a blooming flower, unfolding with breathtaking beauty and richness to win the heart of those
who enjoy what it has to offer. Given its long history and distinct culture, it comes as no surprise that this city is
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worth your visit. Indeed, it has been consistently ranked by China as one of the best cities to live in!
I am willing to be your guide if you travel to Yang Zhou.
Yours,
Li Hua
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写邮件给英国朋友Peter介绍历史文化名城扬州。
【解析】1.词汇积累
高兴的：glad → pleased
展现：unfold → show/display
提供：offer → provide
不足为奇：no surprise → no wonder
2.句式拓展
简单句变复合句
原句：Indeed, it has been consistently ranked by China as one of the best cities to live in!
拓展句：Indeed, it has been consistently ranked by China as one of the best cities that are fit to live in!
【点睛】【高分句型l】Glad to receive your letter where you want to know more about Yang Zhou.（运用了
where引导的定语从句）
【高分句型2】Given its long history and distinct culture, it comes as no surprise that this city is worth
your visit. （运用了主语从句，即it作形式主语，真正的主语是that从句）
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