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【过高考】2023 年高考英语大一轮单元复习
人教 2019 新版选择性必修一 • Unit 5
一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. But the more fundamental question is what happens __________(domestic).
【答案】domestically
【解析】考查副词。句意：但更根本的问题是国内发生了什么。此处修饰整个表语从句，应用副词。故
填domestically。
2. Gas and oil __________(consume) always increases in cold weather.
【答案】consumption
【解析】考查名词。句意：燃气和燃油的消耗量在天冷时总会增加。此处做主语，应使用 consume的名
词，consumption“消耗量”。故填consumption。
3. Dr Yuan Longping searched for a way to increase rice harvests without _________(expand) the area of the
field.
【答案】expanding
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：袁隆平博士在不扩大农田面积的基础上寻求水稻增产的途径。上文
without为介词，后跟动名词作宾语。故填expanding。
4. These results demonstrate ___________(convince) that our suggestion is working.
【答案】convincingly
【解析】考查副词。句意：这些结果令人信服地证明我们的建议是有效的。该空修饰动词 demonstrate，
用副词，根据句意可知，应使用convincingly“令人信服地”。故填convincingly。
5. If you do not like it, change it. ____________ (alternative), accept it.
【答案】Alternatively
【解析】考查副词。句意：如果你不喜欢它那就改变它，要么就接受它。所填词修饰整个句子，应该用
副词形式；alternative 是形容词， 副词形式为alternatively。故填Alternatively。
6. A large part of the Internet _________(devote) to weblogs now.
【答案】is devoted
【解析】考查固定短语和时态。句意：因特网的很大一部分如今都专用于网络博客。根据句意及句中关
键词now可知，句子讲述的是客观事实，故为一般现在时。devote意为“奉献”，动词词性，句中涉及
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固定短语be devoted to，意为“献身于，把……专用于”，句子主语为the Internet，是抽象名词，不可数
故be动词用is。故填is devoted。
7. The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water__________(short).
【答案】shortage
【解析】考查名词。句意：在树木缺水最严重的地区，树木的损失最为严重。分析句子结构，所填词在
句中作suffered的宾语，应用名词；short是形容词，名词形式为 shortage，意思为“缺少， 短缺”。 故
填shortage。
8. You can also get down your knees on your hands and pull them out by the roots, but it is time __________
(consumption) and painful.
【答案】consuming
【解析】考查固定短语。句意：你也可以跪下，双手撑地，从根部把它们拔出来，但是非常耗费时间也
很痛苦。该空作is 后的表语，用形容词，time consuming形容词短语，意思是“耗费时间的”，所以填
consuming。
9. Their country _________(comprise) of 50 states.
【答案】is comprised
【解析】考查时态、固定短语和主谓一致。句意：他们的国家是由50个州组成的。描述一个客观的事实，
用一般现在时，be comprised of由……组成，该短语是固定短语，主语 Their country是第三人称单数，
谓语动词用单数，所以填is comprised。
10. The night before the test I _________(overcome) by fear and despair.
【答案】was overcome
【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：考试的前一晚我被恐惧与绝望征服了。句中 overcome作谓语，结合
语境可知应用一般过去时，主语I与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为I，
be动词用was。故填was overcome。
二、重点语法精练：
1. Training will enable you ________(find) a job.
【答案】to find
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：培训能使你找到工作。此处为短语enable sb. to do sth.表示“使某人能
够做某事”。故填to find。
2. The captain assigned two soldiers _________ (guard) the gate.
【答案】to guard
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【解析】考查不定式。句意：上尉派了两个士兵看守大门。assign sb. to do为固定搭配，意为“指派某人
做某事”，其中不定式作宾语补足语，故填to guard。
3. An airplane was observed________ (appear) on the screen of radar last week.
【答案】to appear
【解析】考查动词不定式的用法。句意：上周观察到一架飞机出现在雷达屏幕上。“observe sb do sth”
意为“观察到某人做某事”，表示主语已经目睹了动词发出动作的全过程，当此结构变成被动结构时，
原来的do必须还原成to do，作主语的补足语。故填to appear。
4. The policeman observed him________(drive) at the speed of 90 miles per hour.
【答案】driving
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：警察看见他以每小时90英里的速度开车。observe sb. doing sth.，意为
“看见某人正在干某事”，drive与him构成主动关系，故用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填driving。
5. At this moment, I saw a chap _________(drag) a heavy box, approaching the subway.
【答案】dragging
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这时，我看见一个小伙子拖着一个沉重的箱子，向地铁走去。此处为
see sb. doing sth.，用现在分词作宾补。故填dragging。
6. I was caught in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I wouldn't have kept you__________ (wait)
for such a long time.
【答案】waiting
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我因为交通堵塞被困了一个多小时，否则我就不会让你等这么久了。
keep sb doing sth意为“使某人一直做某事”。句型中doing作宾补成分。故填waiting。
7. Don’t have the water ________(run) while you brush your teeth.
【答案】running
【解析】句意：当你刷牙的时候不要让水一直流着。此处是现在分词做宾语补足语，故答案为running。
8. Seeing the sun ________(rise) above the surface of the sea, we let out a shout of joy.
【答案】rising
【解析】句意：看到太阳正在升起海面，我们高兴地大喊一声。本句中应用了see sb doing,“看见某人做
某事”，sun和动词rise之间是逻辑上的主动关系，应使用现在分词做宾语补足语，故答案为rising。
9. The speaker gave many examples to make himself ________ (understand).
【答案】understood
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：演讲者举出了许多例子来让他自己被人理解。分析句子可知，句中涉
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及“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构，“understand”意为“理解”，动词词性，“himself”和
“understand”为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“understand”的过去分词“understood”作宾补。故填
understood。
10. With all the work____________ (do), I feel very relaxed now.
【答案】done
【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所有的工作都做完了，我现在感到非常轻松。“with+宾语+宾语补足
语”为with的复合结构，all the work和do之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词。故填done。
三、语法填空
Chinese agronomist (农业科学家) Yuan Longping, the “father of hybrid rice (杂交水稻)”, died of an illness
at 1:07 p.m. on Saturday at the age of 91.
After a serious nationwide starvation (饥荒) in the 1960s, Yuan, decided to devote 1 (he) to studying
how to increase the production of rice, the main food of China. Yuan 2 (succeed) in developing the world’s
first high-yielding hybrid rice in 1973, 3 production could reach over 500kg per mu. For the following years, he
continued to develop hybrid rice, achieving 4 (increase) higher outputs than before. On September 29, 2019,
Yuan 5 (award) the “Medal of the Republic”, the highest honor in the country, 6 his outstanding
contribution to China’s agricultural development and food supply. In 2020, hybrid rice 7 (develop) by Yuan’s
team achieved a new world record.
Yuan once said he had two dreams: one was to “enjoy the cool breeze under rice crops taller 8 men,” and
the other that “hybrid rice could be grown all over 9 world to help solve global food shortage.”
Professor Yuan’s 10 (devote) to China and the world will inspire us to value food and try our best to
serve our country.
【语篇解读】本文是记叙文，介绍了中国农业科学家袁隆平作出的贡献与成就。
1. himself 【解析】考查代词和固定搭配。句意：20世纪60年代，一场严重的全国饥荒之后，袁隆平决定
致力于研究如何增加中国的主要粮食大米的产量。devote oneself to sb./sth.为固定短语，意为“献身/致
力于……”，用反身代词himself。故填himself。
2. succeeded 【解析】考查时态。句意：1973年，袁隆平成功研制出世界上第一个高产杂交水稻，亩产可
达500公斤以上。分析句子可知，succeed (成功)是句中谓语动词，与主语Yuan之间是主动关系，句中
有时间状语in 1973，应使用一般过去时，所以谓语动词应用一般过去时的主动语态。故填succeeded。
3. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：1973年，袁隆平成功研制出世界上第一个高产杂交水稻，亩产
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可达500公斤以上。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the world’s first high-
yielding hybrid rice，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作production的定语，意思是“世界上第一个高
产杂交水稻的产量”，应使用具有所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语 从句。故填whose。
4. increasingly 【解析】考查副词。句意：在接下来的几年里，他继续开发杂交水稻，取得了比以前越来
越高的产量。根据句意可知，increase修饰形容词higher，应用其副词形式increasingly (越来越多地；
渐增地)作状语。故填increasingly。
5. was awarded 【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：2019年9月29日，袁隆平被授予国家最高荣誉“共和国
勋章”，表彰他为中国农业发展和粮食供应做出的突出贡献。分析句子可知，award (授予)是句中谓语
动词，与主语Yuan之间是被动关系，句中有时间状语On September 29, 2019，应使用一般过去时态，
又因主语Yuan是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词也应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般过去时的被动
语态，单数形式。故填was awarded。
6. for 【解析】考查介词。句意：2019年9月29日，袁隆平被授予国家最高荣誉“共和国勋章”，表彰他
为中国农业发展和粮食供应做出的突出贡献。根据句意可知，“his outstanding contribution to China’s
agricultural development and food supply”是袁隆平被授予最高荣誉的原因，介词for表示“因为、由
于”。故填for。
7. developed 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：2020年，袁隆平团队培育的杂交水稻创造了新的世界纪录。
分析句子可知，本句已有谓语achieved且无连词，develop (培育) 是非谓语动词，作后置定语修饰名
词hybrid rice，与其逻辑主语hybrid rice之间有被动关系，且“develop ”这一动作已经完成，所以应
用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填developed。
8. than 【解析】考查介词。句意：袁隆平曾说，他有两个梦想:一个是“在比人高的稻谷下享受凉爽的微
风”，另一个是“杂交水稻可以在全世界种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题”。根据空格前 taller可知，
句中使用了比较级，将“rice crops”和“men”进行比较，用介词than引 出比较对象。故填than。
9. the 【解析】考查冠词。句意：袁隆平曾说，他有两个梦想:一个是“在比人高的稻谷下享受凉爽的微
风”，另一个是“杂交水稻可以在全世界种植，帮助解决全球粮食短缺问题”。all over the world为固
定短语，意为“全世界”。故填the。
10. devotion 【解析】考查名词。句意：袁教授对中国和世界的奉献将激励我们珍惜食物，尽力为我们的
国家服务。根据空格前所有格Professor Yuan’s可知，应填入devote的名词形式devotion，表示“奉
献”，抽象名词，不可数。故填devotion。
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四、阅读理解
If you’ve never bought organic food, you might be wondering what’s so special about it. Is it really better for
you? How does that work? This text will give you a short introduction to the subject.
Organic food is produced without the use of artificial fertilizers or pesticides (insect and bug killers) and many
people buy it because they think it’s better for their health. Whether that’s true or not is still debated, but there are
lots of other reasons for organic food. Intensive agriculture (集约型农业) gives us cheap and plentiful food, but it’s
also one of the biggest sources of environmental pollution. According to a report by the World Resources Institute,
half of all the chemical fertilizers ever produced have been used since 1984. Fertilizers — and the much more deadly
pesticides and herbicides (weed killers) used with them — finally find their way into rivers and seas. Sometimes
they break down harmlessly, but they’re just as likely to build up in creatures that eat them (including humans).
Organic food, grown without artificial chemicals, is one way to help reduce the problem.
Many people find it puzzling that organic products are more expensive. After all, you’re doing away with
expensive chemicals ... so shouldn’t they be cheaper? Organic farming is typically a more labor-intensive (劳动密
集型) way of farming and that’s why it costs more. As a responsible (有责任的) consumer, it’s up to you to decide
where to put your money. Are you happy to buy products that may have been grown in a harmful way? Are you
willing to pay more to buy organic products that may help to protect the environment?
2. Which of the following does the author agree on?
A. Organic food is better for people’s health.
B. Organic food is better for the environment.
C. Organic food tastes better than traditional food.
D. Organic food can be produced in great amounts.
3. The underlined words “doing away with” in the last paragraph can best be replaced by “______”.
A. making use of B. getting rid of
C. keeping away from D. taking advantage of
4. What’s the author’s attitude towards organic food?
A. Doubtful. B. Uncertain.
C. Worried. D. Supportive.
【语篇解读】这是一篇说明文。主要阐述虽然有机食品价格贵，但是它的生产过程中不使用人工化
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肥等，这对于保护环境是大大有益的。
1. B 【解析】2．细节理解题。由文章第 2 段最后一句话（Organic food, grown without artificial
chemicals, is one way to help reduce the problem.）可知，有机食品生产过程中不使用人工化肥这
是帮助减少这个问题的方法之一。而“这个问题”由前文 environmental pollution可知指的是环境
污染。故而作者同意：有机食品更有益于环境。故B项正确。
2. B 【解析】词义推断题。A. making use of充分利用；B. getting rid of摆脱、淘汰；C. keeping away
from远离；D. taking advantage of利用。由该处后面的句子so shouldn’t they be cheaper?可知，人
们希望购买更便宜的食品，故而you’re doing away with expensive chemicals意为“人们正在淘汰
昂贵的化学品”更合理，故而选B。
3. D 【解析】判断推理题。由文章最后 2句话（Are you happy to buy products that may have been
grown in a harmful way? Are you willing to pay more to buy organic products that may help to
protect the environment?你是否乐于购买可能以有害的方式生长的产品？还是说，你更愿意花更多
的钱购买有助于保护环境的有机食品？）可知，作者对于有机食品的态度是支持的，故选D。
五、七选五
Agriculture is playing an important part in the world. Now let’s have a look at some different methods of
agriculture (农业).
Traditional Agriculture
Most Canadian farmers focus on high productivity from a few main products, such as beef cattle, wheat crops,
or greenhouse produce. 1 . Crop rotation (轮流耕作) kills certain pests (害虫) and keeps the land rich. In fact,
traditional agriculture is main farming.
2
It is growing popular. Farmers who focus on protecting the environment believe that a successful organic
system begins with a healthy soil that develops healthy plants, farm animals and people. Despite the higher costs of
labor, 1.7% of Canadian farms were proved organic in 2009.
The Natural Solution
It is from natural insect(昆虫)control. A bag is used to ship certain kinds of insects from the supplier to an
organic farmer. 3 . This method has no influence on a crop’s nutritional value.
Genetic(基因的)Engineering
Farmers decide to grow engineered crops for many reasons. 4 . Genetically engineered crops account for
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most of the corn, and soybean plantings in Canada and the United States.
Technology Use Agreement
5 . One requirement is that the farmer shouldn’t keep seeds (种子) from the present year’s crop for
planting in the following season.
A. Organic Agriculture
B. Canadian Inorganic Agriculture
C. Farmers who want to buy special seeds must sign an agreement with the seed supplier.
D. People in Canada and the United States are crazy about growing plants and raising animals.
E. Farmers avoid chemicals with natural methods, such as using insects to attack agricultural pests
F. They also grow additional crops or raise different farm animals, although not as a primary resource
G. The reasons include increased production and the convenient management of insects, diseases and wild grass.
【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了农业在世界上扮演者重要角色，文章给出了种植农业的几种不同方法。
1. F 【解析】考查对上下文理解及推理判断能力。句意：他们还种植更多的作物或饲养不同的农场动物，
虽然不是主要的资源。根据上文“Most Canadian farmers focus on high productivity from a few
main products, such as beef cattle, wheat crops, or greenhouse produce.”大部分加拿大农民注重
高产量的一些主要产品如肉牛，小麦或者温室产品。可推知，除此之外还种植其他作物，根据题意，
故选F。
2. A 【解析】考查对上下文理解及推理判断能力。句意：有机农业。根据下文“It is growing popular.
Farmers who focus on protecting the environment believe that a successful organic system begins
with a healthy soil that develops healthy plants, farm animals and people.” 它越来越受欢迎。致
力于保护环境的农民们相信，一个成功的有机系统始于一个健康的土壤，它能使植物、农场动物和
人类健康。可知，此段主要讲述的是有机农业，根据题意，故选A。
3. E 【解析】考查对上下文理解及推理判断能力。句意：农民避免化学方法而使用自然方法，例如用昆虫
来攻击农业害虫。根据下文“This method has no influence on a crop’s nutritional value.”这种方
法对农作物的营养价值没有影响。可知，这种方法为自然方法避免使用化学药物，根据题意，故选
E。
4. G 【解析】考查对上下文理解及推理判断能力。句意：其原因包括增加生产治理昆虫、疾病和野草。
根据上文“Farmers decide to grow engineered crops for many reasons.” 农民决定种植工程作物有
很多原因，可知以下解释了上文提到的原因。根据题意，故选G。
5. C 【解析】考查对上下文理解及推理判断能力。句意：想要购买特殊种子的农民必须与种子供应商签订
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协议。根据“Technology Use Agreement” 技术使用协议，可知农民使用种子需要与供应商签订协
议。根据题意，故选C。
六、完形填空
Ecotourism is a combination of ecology (the study of systems of living things) and tourism. It is 1
“responsible travel to natural areas that preserves the environment and improves the welfare of the local people” by
the International Ecotourism Society. Actually, ecotourism can mean travel to far-off places of great natural beauty,
but not always in a(n) 2 way. It's a big business, and the attraction of money can cause people to think about 3
first. While ecotourism offers benefits to people and ecosystems, it leaves ecosystems open to negative effects,
too.
Costa Rica, once a Spanish colony, and independent since 1821, has an ecotourism industry worth over one
billion dollars yearly, and thousands of jobs have been 4 . Nearly 21 percent of the land is now protected
national parks, 5 thanks to ecotourism. Nevertheless, due to the number of people visiting the country's natural
places, some damage to the ecosystem has occurred.
While 6 can have a negative impact on ecosystems, the same areas might have been 7 by industries
such as farming, logging, or mining if there were no ecotourism industry. Shelters (庇护所) have been created 8 ,
keeping the ecosystem protected. And, by visiting beautiful rain forests and seeing rare animals, visitors get a sense
of their 9 , and of gratitude for them. Tour guides can also be educators who train people to love and care for
the environment. Visitors can take these 10 with them to their home countries.
Unfortunately, while their effect may not be 11 in the off-season, the constant parade of visitors in the
high season can be damaging. At one national park in Costa Rica, wild monkeys now feed on garbage left by the
tourists. 12 , ecotourists tend to seek out places with the rarest animals and plants, 13 the most delicate
living things.
It is easy to be critical of the ecotourism industry, but it is important to be 14 as well. Ecotourism can
never be "pure". We can’t expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem. It is also 15 to suppose that humans
won’t go anywhere accessible to them. If protection efforts are maintained and increased, those remaining places of
undisturbed nature may be stressed, but they won’t be destroyed.
1. A. defined as B. made up of C. applied to D. combined with
2. A. attractive B. natural C. different D. responsible
3. A. effects B. nature C. profits D. economy
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4. A. lost B. created C. abandoned D. shifted
5. A. mainly B. comparatively C. unfortunately D. barely
6. A. tourists B. environment C. manufacturers D. politics
7. A. fertilized B. destroyed C. reserved D. stimulated
8. A. equally B. regularly C. instead D. though
9. A. freedom B. hardness C. welfare D. value
10. A. ecosystem B. lessons C. animals D. trainers
11. A. uncertain B. noticeable C. healthy D. special
12. A. For instance B. On the contrary C. In addition D. As a whole
13. A. appreciating B. discovering C. sheltering D. pressuring
14. A. positive B. creative C. effective D. sensitive
15. A. feasible B. reasonable C. unrealistic D. inevitable
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了生态旅游的利与弊。
1. A 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：国际生态旅游协会将其定义为“对保护环境和改善当地人福利
的自然地区负责任的旅游”。A. defined as定义为；B. made up of由……组成；C. applied to应
用于；D. combined with结合。结合后文“responsible travel to natural areas that preserves the
environment and improves the welfare of the local people”可知是在说明“生态旅游”的定义内
容。故选A。
2. D 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，生态旅游可以意味着去遥远的地方欣赏自然美景，
但并不总是以一种负责任的方式。A. attractive吸引人的；B. natural自然的；C. different不同的；
D. responsible负责的。根据下文提到的，盈利是生态游首先考虑的问题，那么是不是用负责任的方
式就不能得到保证。也与上文中responsible travel形成对应。故选D。
3. C 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个大行业，金钱的诱惑会让人们把利润放在第一位。A.
effects 影响；B. nature 自然；C. profits 利润，利益；D. economy 经济。结合上文 It's a big
business, and the attraction of money can cause people to think about可知旅游毕竟是一个商业，
因此人们是把利润放在第一位的。故选C。
4. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哥斯达黎加曾经是西班牙的殖民地，自 1821年独立以来，拥有
每年价值超过10亿美元的生态旅游产业，并创造了数千个就业机会。A. lost丢失；B. created创造；
C. abandoned抛弃；D. shifted转移。结合上文thousands of jobs have been可知哥斯达黎加的旅游
业，创造了数千个就业机会。选B。
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5. A 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：近21%的土地现在是受保护的国家公园，这主要归功于生态旅游
A. mainly主要地；B. comparatively比较地；C. unfortunately不幸地；D. barely仅仅。结合后文
thanks to ecotourism可知近21%的土地现在是受保护的国家公园，这主要归功于生态旅游。故选
A。
6. A 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然游客会对生态系统造成负面影响，但如果没有生态旅游业，
这些地区可能已经被农业、伐木或采矿等行业所破坏。A. tourists旅游者；B. environment环境；C.
manufacturers制造商；D. politics政治。根据本段最后一句中Visitors can take these可知生态旅游
业的消费者肯定是游客，此处指游客会对生态系统造成负面影响。故选A。
7. B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然游客会对生态系统造成负面影响，但如果没有生态旅游业，
这些地区可能已经被农业、伐木或采矿等行业所破坏。A. fertilized施肥；B. destroyed破坏；C.
reserved保留；D. stimulated刺激。根据后文by industries such as farming, logging, or mining可知
此处指这些地区被农业、伐木或采矿等行业所破坏。故选B。
8. C 【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意：反而建立保护区，保护生态系统。A. equally相等地；B.
regularly定期地；C. instead反而；D. though虽然。此处指人们没有进行伐木采矿等产业，反而
（instead）设立的自然保护区。故选C。
9. D 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过参观美丽的热带雨林和珍稀动物，游客们感受到了它们的
价值以及对自然的感激之情。A. freedom自由；B. hardness坚硬；C. welfare福利；D. value价值。
结合后文and of gratitude for them可知游客通过参观这些地方，感受到了它们的价值，对自然产
生感激之情。故选D。
10. B 【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：游客可以带着这些学到的知识回到自己的国家。A. ecosystem
生态系统；B. lessons知识，教训；C. animals动物；D. trainers教练。结合上文Tour guides can
also be educators who train people to love and care for the environment. 可知导游也可以是教育
工作者，培养人们爱护和爱护环境的意识，游客可以带着从导游那里学到的知识，回到自己的祖国。
lessons此处指游客学到的知识。故选B。
11. B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，尽管他们的影响在淡季可能不明显，但旺季游客
的不断涌入可能会造成破坏。A. uncertain不确定的；B. noticeable显而易见的；C. healthy健康的；
D. special特别的。结合上下文语境可知，淡季因为游客少，所以游客的影响在淡季并不明显。故
选B。
12. C 【解析】考查介词短语辨析。句意：此外，生态旅游者倾向于寻找有最稀有动物和植物的地方，给
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最脆弱的生物带来压力。A. For instance例如；B. On the contrary正相反；C. In addition另外；
D. As a whole总的来说。上文提到了国家公园的野生猴子现在以游客留下的垃圾为食，后文提到
了生态旅游者给脆弱的生物带来了压力，故应in addition“此外，另外”更符合语境。故选C。
13. D 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，生态旅游者倾向于寻找有最稀有动物和植物的地方，给
最脆弱的生物带来压力。A. appreciating 欣赏；B. discovering 发现；C. sheltering 遮蔽；D.
pressuring给……施加压力。根据后文the most delicate living things可知旅游者的到来，会给脆弱
的生物带来压力。故选D。
14. A 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对生态旅游业提出批评很容易，但积极的态度也很重要。A.
positive 积极的；B. creative 有创造力的；C. effective 有效的；D. sensitive 敏感的。结合后文
Ecotourism can never be "pure". We can't expect zero negative effects on the ecosystem.可知生态
旅游不可能是“纯粹的”。我们不能期望对生态系统的负面影响为零。说明本句想要表达：对生态
旅游业提出批评很容易，但积极的态度也很重要。故选A。
15. C 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：设想人类不会去任何他们能到达的地方也是不现实的。A.
feasible可行的；B. reasonable合理的；C. unrealistic不现实的；D. inevitable必然的。结合后文
humans won't go anywhere accessible to them可知想要人类不会去任何他们能到的地方，这是不现
实的。故选C。
七、书面表达
假如你是李华，你向英国朋友Jim介绍你对有机农业的了解(organic farming)，请你据此给Jim写一
封邮件，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入词数。
1. 字数不少以100
2. 你更倾向于有机农业，至少说明三点原因
3. 希望Jim能回信告诉你英国的有机农业的情况及他的看法
4. 自行发挥……
Dear Jim,
Glad to hear from you.
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________
Hope to hear from you as soon as possible.
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Yours,
Li Hua
【参考答案】
Dear Jim,
Long time no see. How’s everything going? Recently I am interested in organic farming, which is very popular
in China now. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals, so organic products are very healthy.
Though organic farming is time-consuming and painstaking, I think it preferable to chemical farming.
Organic farming involves no chemicals, which benefits both our health and the environment. What’s more
organic farmers use natural means to keep the soil rich. Crops grow in a healthy way so the crops, vegetables and
fruit are more tasty and nourishing.
What do you think of organic farming and how do you develop organic farming in Britain?
Hope to hear from you as soon as possible.
Yours,
Li Hua
【语篇解读】本篇书面表达属于提纲类作文，要求考生写一封邮件，向英国朋友 Jim介绍你对有机
农业的了解。
【解析】第一步：审题
体裁：应用文
时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时。
结构：三部分：第一部分介绍什么是有机农业，引出主题；第二部分介绍自己更倾向于有机农
业的原因；第三部分询问对方英国的有机农业的情况及他对有机农业的看法。
要求：1. 介绍什么是有机农业
2. 介绍自己更倾向于有机农业的原因
3. 询问对方英国的有机农业的情况及他对有机农业的看法
第二步:列提纲 （重点单词及词组）
be interested in (对……感兴趣); chemical (化学制品); time-consuming (耗时的); painstaking
(辛苦的); both…and… (两者都……); benefit (使受益); use sth. to do (使用某物做某事); tasty (美
味的)
第三步：连词成句
1. Recently I am interested in organic farming, which is very popular in China now.
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2. Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals.
3. Organic farming involves no chemicals, which benefits both our health and the environment.
4. Crops grow in a healthy way so the crops, vegetables and fruit are more tasty and nourishing.
5. What do you think of organic farming and how do you develop organic farming in Britain?
根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。
第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）
1. 表文章结构顺序：first of all; to begin with; firstly/first; secondly/second… ; and then;
finally; in the end; at last
2. 表并列补充关系：What’s more(本篇文章使用过); besides; moreover; furthermore; in addition;
additionally; not only… but also…; as well as; both…and…
3. 表转折对比关系：but; however; on the contrary; instead; though(本篇文章使用过); in spite
of; on the one hand…, on the other hand…; some…, while others…
4. 表因果关系：because; because of; for; so(本篇文章使用过); since; thus; therefore; as a
result; why
5. 表总结：in short; in a word; in conclusion; in summary; all in all; generally speaking
连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。
第五步：润色修改
根据写作内容需要，加入高级句式，如名词性从句，定语从句，状语从句等。
Organic farming involves no chemicals.本句用来介绍有机农业的一个特点。可以使用定语从句，
进一步介绍这个特点有什么样的好处。润色修改为：Organic farming involves no chemicals,
which benefits both our health and the environment.
【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系
作者在范文中合理使用了复合句，如：Organic farming involves no chemicals, which benefits
both our health and the environment.，这句话为which引导的定语从句；其次，使用了一些固定
短语，如：be interested in; both…and…; use sth. to do等，使语言更加丰富；同时使用了一些
高级词汇，如chemical; time-consuming; benefit; painstaking等，让语言更加地道。全文中没有
中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句
转换自然，为文章增色添彩。
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