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【过高考】2023 年高考英语大一轮单元复习
人教 2019 新版选择性必修二 • Unit 1
一、词汇短语精练：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. _________(suspect) nothing, he walked right into the trap.
2. The witnesses gave two completely ________ (contradict) descriptions.
3. The vaccine was used to protect the whole population against_____(infect).
4. As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer________
(handle) the problem.
5. In recent years, the movie industry has undergone a substantial _____(transform).
6. Many children ________ (blame) for making mistakes in the exam.
7. The two cities _____(link) by a railway.
8. The wall was built as a _____(defend) against the enemy attacks.
9. ________(decrease) the amount of rubbish and to protect the environment, more governments are
requiring people to recycle materials.
10. Despite the ________ (intervene) of the international community, the two countries were unable to
settle their differences.
二、重点语法精练：并列句
1. It was time for her to have a new baby, ________ it was also time for the young panda to be
independent.
2. Whether I was in the car, the house, ________ anywhere else there was sure to be some Yani, or
Secret Garden played in the background.
3. In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, ________ Vietnam, food
is usually eaten with chopsticks.
4. I am not afraid of tomorrow, ________ I have seen yesterday and I love today.
5. Many teens in high school want to try out for sports because they think it will make them more popular.
________ there are lots of other benefits from sports that teens may overlook.
6. Why men wolf down their meals ________ women take their time. Many a woman has watched in disbelief as
their partners eat their food minutes after sitting down to dinner.
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7. One day, the cow was eating grass ________ it began to rain heavily.
8. He is a shy man, ________ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
9. You hang your clothes when you get home. You take them down ________ put them on when you go out.
10. That restaurant is extremely popular, ________ you may have to wait to get a seat.
三、语法填空
TU Youyou, 84, 1 (honor) with the Nobel Prize in Physiology (生理学) or Medicine on Oct 5. She
was 2 first Chinese citizen to win a Nobel Prize in science. Tu shared the prize 3 the Irish-born William
Campbell and Satoshi Ōmura of Japan.
Tu is a researcher at the China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She was honored for 4
(develop) artemisinin , “a new drug therapy against malaria” 5 has saved millions of lives worldwide, 6
(especial) in developing countries, the Nobel Assembly said on its website.
Tu and her colleagues 7 (join) a government project to find a new malaria drug in the late 1960s. They
made 380 herbal extracts from 2,000 recipes from traditional Chinese 8 (medicine) books. In 1971, after more
than 190 9 (fail), Tu’s team finally found an extract that was 100 percent effective against the malaria
parasites (寄生虫) – artemisinin.
“The discovery of artemisinin is a gift to mankind from traditional Chinese medicine. It’s the collective
achievement of the research team. 10 (win) the prize is an honor for China’s science and traditional Chinese
medicine,” Tu told Xinhua.
四、阅读理解
John von Neumann was the oldest of 3 children of a banker, and his speed of learning new ideas and of solving
problems stood out early. At 17, his father tried to persuade him not to become a mathematician because he may
lead a poor life being a mathematician, and so von Neumann agreed to study chemistry as well. In 1926, at 23, he
received a degree in chemical engineering and a Ph.D. in mathematics. From then on，mathematics provided well
enough for him, and he never had to turn to chemistry.
In 1930, von Neumann visited Princeton University for a year and then became a professor there. His first
book was published in 1932. In 1933, the Institute for Advanced Study was formed, and he became one of the 6
fulltime people (Einstein was one of the others) in the School of Mathematics.
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World War Ⅱ hugely changed von Neumann’s areas of interest. Until 1940 he had been a great pure (纯粹的)
mathematician. During and after the war, he became one of the best mathematicians who put mathematics theories into
practice. During the last part of the war he became interested in computing machines and made several fundamental
contributions. After the war, von Neumann continued his work with computers, and was generally very active in
government service. He received many awards, was president of the American Mathematical Society and was a
member of the Atomic Energy Commission. He died in 1957 of cancer.
Von Neumann made several great contributions and any one of them would have been enough to earn him a
firm place history. He will be remembered as one of the greatest minds of the 20th century.
Von Neumann really was a legend (传奇) in his own time, and there are a number of stories about him. His
driving ability is a part of this legend. He reported one accident this way, “I was driving down the road. The trees
on the right were passing me in an orderly fashion at 60 miles per hour. Suddenly one of them stepped in my
path.”
1. Von Neumann published his first book at the age of .
A. 23 B. 26 C. 29 D. 32
2. How did World War Ⅱ affect John von Neumann?
A. He realized the importance of engineering.
B. He began to research how to put mathematics into practice.
C. He left college and served at the government department.
D. He lost interest in chemistry.
3. Which of the following is TRUE of von Neumann?
A. He had three children. B. He died from an accident.
C. He received many awards in his life. D. He and Einstein were classmates in Princeton University.
4. According to the text，von Neumann's father believed that .
A. a mathematician couldn't earn a lot of money
B. a mathematician needed a good memory
C. von Neumann had the ability to learn two subjects at the same time
D. von Neumann had a gift for solving problems at a high speed
五、七选五
What makes a good scientist?
My name is Clara. I am a climate scientist studying tiny particles in the atmosphere which is a layer of gases
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that surrounds our planet. I have wondered about what makes a good scientist. 1 .
Patience
2 . They have patience for others, patience for themselves and patience when things go wrong. A few
years ago, when I worked on a NASA mission, we sent a spacecraft to bring back a sample of an asteroid, which
are rocky objects that travel around the sun. The spacecraft reached the asteroid in 2018 and returned with a piece
of the asteroid in 2021. Then scientists studied it.
Scientific discoveries do not take place overnight. Many are small and go slowly. Missions often take years to
complete. 3 .
Being Open To Others
A good scientist has an open mind. It can be easy to ignore people you do not agree with. But we should be
open to new ideas and ask people what they think. 4 . Moreover, we should learn from our mistakes. Success
almost never comes quickly or easily. Chances are you’ll stumble many times first, but that’s OK because making
mistakes is part of learning.
Curiosity
Good scientists are curious, but we should also be curious in our daily lives. When we are curious about other
people, we can care about them. We can become more understanding.
After all, it is easy to be kind. You can do it anywhere, and a kind action can make someone’s day. You don’t
know what people are going through unless you find out. So, ask questions about everything. Ask your friends how
they’re doing. Ask yourself what makes you feel alive. Above all, make sure to pay attention to the world and the
people around you.
5 . It is our superpower, and also what makes us human.
A. A good scientist has patience
B. Don’t be ashamed of being curious
C. Sometimes being open can be very harmful
D. That is why having patience is so important
E. Ask your workmates to have lunch with you
F. To me, it is the same as what makes a good person
G. We should do this even when we do not agree with them
六、完形填空
Do you think you have what it takes to be a successful scientist? A successful scientist is generally a good
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observer. He makes full 1 of the facts he observes. He doesn't accept ideas which are not based on obvious
facts, and therefore 2 to accept authority as the only reason for truth. He always checks ideas 3 and
makes experiments to prove them.
The rise of modern science may perhaps be considered to 4 as far back as the time of Roger Bacon, the
wonderful philosopher of Oxford, who lived between the years 1214 and 1292. He was probably the first in the
Middle Ages to 5 that we should learn science by observing and experimenting on the things around us, and
he himself 6 many important truths.
Galileo(1564－1642), however，who lived more than 300 years later, was the greatest of several great men in
Italy, France, Germany, and England, 7 began to show how many important truths could be discovered by
observation by degrees. Before Galileo, learned men believed that large bodies fell more 8 towards the earth
than small ones, 9 Aristotle said so. But Galileo, going to the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa, let fall two 10
stones and proved Aristotle was wrong. It is Galileo's 11 of going direct to nature, and proving our opinions
and theories by experiment, that has 12 all the discoveries of modern science.
What 13 those people good scientists？From the example of Galileo, we know 14 that
successful scientists are those whose observations have 15 better results.
1. A. use B. sense C. speed D. trust
2. A. refuses B. desires C. intends D. regrets
3. A. casually B. carefully C. quickly D. privately
4. A. date B. keep C. look D. come
5. A. command B. suspect C. suggest D. conclude
6. A. brought B. discovered C. handled D. announced
7. A. who B. when C. that D. where
8. A. slowly B. rapidly C. lightly D. heavily
9. A. although B. because C. when D. if
10. A. big B. small C. similar D. unequal
11. A. spirit B. skill C. theory D. wish
12. A. led to B. turned to C. set up D. put forward
13. A. makes B. prevents C. considers D. promises
14. A. likely B. clearly C. naturally D. unwillingly
15. A. foreseen B. rejected C. produced D. challenged
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七、书面表达
每年，国家科学技术奖励大会都会在北京人民大会堂隆重举行，届时党和国家领导人会为获奖的科
学家颁奖。请你围绕以下要点谈谈你的个人看法。
1. 党和政府为什么如此重视科技事业的发展；
2. 作为一名高中生，你应该如何去做。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2. 短文要求包含所有要点，但不要逐条翻译；
3. 可以适当增加细节以使行文连贯；
4. 开头已为你写好，但不计入总词数。
Every year, the National Science Technology Award Ceremony is held in the Great Hall of the People.
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